专题4.字词猜测解题技巧-2024届中考英语题型过关（解析版）.docx

1、字词猜测解题技巧 根据上下文推断单词和短语的含义是英语阅读理解题重要出题方向之一，也是考查考生英语语言能力和文化品格的一种重要方式。词义猜测题可以针对单词、短语的意思进行命题考查，还可以针对某一句子的准确理解或代词的精确指代进行设题。除了直接考查单词或短语词义猜测外，在阅读理解文章中，总会有一些单词或短语超出了考试大纲词汇表的范围，但又没有附加注释，也需要考生猜测，这也是对词义猜测的一种间接考查。1猜词词义题：方法：利用同义或近义词来猜测利用反义词猜词利用上下文语境猜词利用定义或解释猜词利用例证猜词利用复叙或同等关系猜词利用词义搭配，关联猜词利用经验和常识猜词根据语境转折猜词利用构词法来猜词陷

2、阱：一个单词往往不只一层含义，注意深层含义。方法1 词义猜测法 词义猜测指通过构词、定义、对比、因果、常识、同义、反义及语境等确定词义。通常包括生词释义、熟词新义。考查学生联系主旨、结合上下文对词汇的理解辨别能力。A woman bought aparrotfrom a pet store. However, the woman decided to return the parrot to the shop the next day.This bird doesnt talk, she told the pet shop owner.Does he have a mirror in his

3、cage (笼子)? the owner asked. Parrots love mirrors.The woman bought a mirror and left. The next day she came back, saying that the bird still wasnt talking.The underlined word parrot in paragraph 1 means _ in Chinese.A.孔雀B.鹦鹉C.鸽子D. 老鹰Step1：分析理解词汇所在句的含义：一位女士从宠物店买了一只.。判断parrot的含义且原句没有太多线索，需继续在下文中找线索。Ste

4、p2：定位分析线索句：This bird doesnt talk, she told the pet shop owner.（“这只鸟不会说话”，她告诉宠物店老板。）Step3：定位答案：结合选项及常识可知，选项中“鹦鹉”可以学会说话，划线词应意为“鹦鹉”，确定答案为B。方法2 短语猜测法 短语猜测是指利用上下文语境推测短语的意义。考查学生联系主旨、结合上下文对词组的理解辨别能力。Jim likes sugar and cakes very much. He always eats some food with sugar before going to bed.One morning, Ji

5、m was crying in bed before he got up.Whats the matter, dear? his mother asked in a hurry.Ive got a toothache, said Jim.So his mother took him to the dentists. The dentist looked him over andpulled outhis bad tooth at last.Two days later, Jim went to school. Mrs. Hunt asked him, What was the matter w

6、ith you those days,Jim?I had ahad toothache, madam, answered Jim.Oh, Im sorry to hear that, said Mrs. Hunt. Is it better now?I dont know, madam. I left it at the dentists.What is the Chinese meaning of the underlined phrase pull out?A.切开B.拔掉C.缝补D.组装Step1：分析理解词汇所在句的含义：牙医给他做了检查，最后.他的坏牙；Step2： 定位分析线索句：

7、 The dentist looked him over(检查) andpulled outhis bad tooth at last.以及最后一句I left it at the dentists.（我把它留在了牙医店，此处的it指代坏的牙齿）；Step3：定位答案：分析可知，牙医检查了他的牙齿，并最后拔掉了坏牙，确定答案为B。方法3 根据近义词/反义词猜测词义法在同一、同一段或同一篇文章中，作者为了避免语言的单调、重复，有时会使用意思相同或相近的词。因此，考生只要读懂上下文，知道其中一个单词的意思，就能猜出另外一个单词的意思。此外，有时作者也会用表示对比或转折的信号词连接意思相反的两个词或

8、句子，这时就可根据反义词线索猜测词义。表示对比或反义的信号词/短语常见的有: (whether) .or, unlike, but, yet, however, while, although, instead, rather than, on the other hand等There is a supermarket next to my house. You can buy all kinds of things there. The clothes in it are expensive, but the food is cheap.The Chinese meaning of “che

9、ap” is _.A.美味的B.昂贵的C.难的D.廉价的Step1：理解词汇所在句子：里面的衣服很昂贵，但是食物是_。Step2：分析句子：:expensive 是我们学过的一个单词，意为“昂贵的”。前半句意为“里面的衣服很贵”。利用but的转折意义和expensive 的含义可猜出 cheap 表示“廉价的”，应选D项Step3：定位答案：结合选项含义可知，确定答案为D。方法4构词法猜词法在阅读文章时，总会遇上一些新词汇，有时很难根据上下文来推断其词意，而它们对文章的理解又有着举足轻重的作用，此时，如掌握了一些常用的词根、前缀、后缀等语法知识，如前缀un-表反义词，如happy-unhapp

10、y, fair-unfair等; 后缀-ment表名词, 如develop-development, state-statement等; 后-er、-or或-ist表同源名词: 如calculate-calculator, visit-visitor, wait-waiter, science-scientist等，如果一来，这些问题便不难解决了。3D VR Glasses This is a new arrival 3D VR Shinecon Helmet virtual(虚拟的) reality glasses. It supports many smartphone models wi

11、th Android or IOS system. Put your phone into the VR glasses and enter the virtual reality world. You can enjoy the super big screen effect of 3D videos. No need to go to cinemas. You can also play 3D games with it.Specification (说明书)Brand (商标) Name: GtekSize: 190mm X 135mm X 85mmWeight: 500gLens (镜

12、头): HD Optical Resin AugmentedLens Diameter: 30mmPhone Supported: Screen size from 3.5 to 6.0 inches, phoneLength: less than 160mm, width less than 85mmThe underlined word Length probably means _ in Chinese.A.长度B.宽度C.厚度D.高度Step1：分析理解词汇所在句子：less than 160mm, width less than 85mm(小于160mm，宽度小于85mm)Step2

13、：定位分析线索句： width意为“宽度”，th是名词后缀 less than 85mm（宽度小于85毫米）；length是long(意为“长的”)的名词形式，意为“长度”，根据构词法演变而来。Step3：定位答案：分析选项A.长度 length；B.宽度 width；C.厚度 thickness；D.高度height。确定答案为A。方法5指代猜测法指代猜测指依据语境的逻辑关系，判断划线的人称代词或指示代词在文章中指代的对象。 考查考生对文章中叙述的特定的人、物、事件的再认能力。解这类题时，应注意代词指代的总原则就近指代。When you travel to other countries,

14、you can be served with different new foods and know more things about different customs(风俗). You read all these from books in the past, but now you have a chance to know them clearly. You can also make new friends from different countries. They can help you know more about their own countries.What d

15、oes the underlined word them refer to in Paragraph 3?A. Friends. B. Teachers. C. Countries. D. Customs.Step1：分析理解题干及选项：结合题干可知本题考查点为指代猜测，选项含义 A.朋友B. 老师 C. 国家 D. 习俗 Step2： 定位分析线索句：根据第一句When you travel to other countries, you can be served with different new foods and know more things about different c

16、ustoms (风俗).当你去其他国家旅行时，你可以吃到不同的新食物，了解更多关于不同习俗的事情，由此可知下一句所说的在书中了解的是关于习俗的事情，有机会清晰地了解他们也是指的风俗。Step3：定位答案：结合选项含义可知，确定答案为D。（2023湖北十堰统考中考真题）I have an 11-year-old son named Peter. I knew that playing sports would be good to our son. He would get some exercise, learn about teamwork and learn some physical s

17、kills. We continually encouraged him to have a try, but after a while it was clear that he didnt like team sports, and there was nothing we could do to change it.We decided not to push him to take part in sports, even though most of his friends did sports. As time went by, we gradually realized that

18、 we had made the right decision. Dont misunderstand (误解) me. I have nothing against sports. Now my son isnt interested in sports, but Im not pushing him to do sports. Here are the reasons:I want him to know I accept him unconditionally. I dont even want Peter to feel that I will love him only if he

19、behaves in a certain way or takes part in some activities. Whether he succeeds or fails, he will always be my son, and that will never change.I want him to form his own path (道路) in life. His path doesnt have to be the same as mine. In fact, we both have similar interests in several areas like music

20、, computers and Star Wars, but were also different in many ways. Peter needs to be free to go his own path.I want him to know that I dont judge (判断) my worth by his achievements. Every father will feel proud of his son if he can make great achievements. So most parents always push them so hard. Some

21、times we have seen ourselves indirectly through our own sons. Their achievements remind us of our wonderful days in the past. We must make sure we dont want to make up for (弥补) our own regrets by pushing our sons to climb higher and go further than we did.1The advantages of doing sports dont include

22、 _.Agetting some exerciseBgetting some exam skillsClearning about teamworkDlearning some physical skills2What was the writers final decision?AOur son must master a kind of sport.BHe should do the same thing as his friends.CWe didnt push him to do sports he disliked.DWe would push him to find what he

23、 was good at.3What does the underlined word “unconditionally” mean?A慎重地B无条件地C不耐烦地D犹豫地4How many reasons does the father give for not pushing his son to take part in sports?ATwo.BThree.CFour.DFive.5Which sentence can best describe the father in this passage?AHe is a wise and open-minded father.BHe doe

24、snt care about his sons future.CHe is brave and knows when to give up.DHe is rich enough to support the whole family.【答案】1B 2C 3B 4B 5A【导语】本文主要讲述了作者起初想培养儿子喜欢做运动，后来发现儿子对做运动根本不感兴趣，作者就放弃了。后来发现，作者做的决定是正确的，作者举例了几点原因。1细节理解题。根据“He would get some exercise, learn about teamwork and learn some physical skills

25、.”可知，做运动的好处包括得到一些锻炼，学习团队合作，学习一些身体技能，故选B。2细节理解题。根据“We decided not to push him to take part in sports, even though most of his friends did sports.”可知，最后作者决定不强迫他参加体育活动，故选C。3词义猜测题。根据“ I dont even want Peter to feel that I will love him only if he behaves in a certain way or takes part in some activities

26、.”可知，不希望彼得觉得，只有当他表现出某种行为方式或参加某些活动时，作者才会爱他，而是要让儿子认为，父母是无条件接受他的，所以划线部分表示“无条件地”，故选B。4细节理解题。根据“Here are the reasons:”、“I want him to know I accept him unconditionally.”、“I want him to form his own path (道路) in life.”及“I want him to know that I dont judge (判断) my worth by his achievements.”可知，作者共列举了三点原因，

27、故选B。5推理判断题。根据第一和第二段可知，作者刚开始想培养儿子喜欢做运动，后来发现儿子真的对它不感兴趣，作者并没有因为其他小朋友做运动而勉强儿子去做不喜欢的事情，从这些事情可以看出作者是一个明智而豁达的父亲，故选A。（2023山东东营统考中考真题）When Jae came home from school, he couldnt find his keys. “What now? I cant just sit out here,” he thought. His parents wouldnt be home for an hour. Just then, Ron, the man wh

28、o lived next door, was coming. He asked Ron if he could stay at his room to wait for his parents. Ron agreed. Inside, Jae saw a baseball on a shelf (架子).Ron smiled when he saw Jae looking at it. “That one was signed (签名) by the Minnesota Twins, right after the World Series in 1987,” he said. “Dad ta

29、kes me to their games sometimes,” Jae said. “Where did you get this?”“I was a professional umpire (裁判) for thirty years,” Ron answered. Jaes eyes widened. “An umpire? In the 1980? Did you met .” He began to ask Ron questions one after another. Ron told Jae a lot about past players. When it was time

30、for Jae to go home, he asked Ron, “Can I come again?” “Sure,” Ron said. “Wow, losing my keys turned out okay,” Jae thought. The next day at school, Jae searched his desk, “Oh, no. Not again!” he groaned (叹息). “Need help?” asked Martina, a new classmate. “Yes, Ive lost my dinosaur book,” Jae said. “W

31、ow! Thats the same book that I use!” Jae exclaimed. “Are you into dinosaur, too?” “Whats your favorite?” “.” They kept talking. After school, they went to the park to play catch with Jaes favorite baseball. “Martinas pretty cool,” Jae thought. The next morning was Saturday, Jae wanted to do some thr

32、owing practice, but he couldnt find his baseball. “Can we go to the park to look for my baseball?” Jae asked his mom. At the park, they saw a homeless dog playing with something. It was Jaes baseball. “Mom, look!” Jae said. “Doesnt he look like he needs a home?”His mother smiled. “Yes, he does,” she

33、 said. “Hell be your responsibility, though.” Jae nodded excitedly and picked him up. “What a week!” Jae thought to himself. “I lost my keys, my book, and my baseball, but every time I lost something, I got a friend.”1What did Jae do in Rons home?AHe watched a baseball game.BHe learned how to play b

34、aseball.CHe learned a lot about past baseball players.DHe learned how to be a professional umpire.2Why did Jae say “Can I come again”?AHe didnt want to stay at home.BHe thought he might lose his keys again.CHe wanted to share a dinosaur book with Ron.DHe liked Ron and wanted to tallk with him again.

35、3What does the underlined word “exclaimed” mean?A惊呼B哭喊C怒吼D狂叫4From the passage, we can know _.ARon never met the Minnesota TwinsBJae was a fan of baseballCMartina and Jae didnt have the same interestsDJae didnt like dogs5What was the real reason why Jae got friends?AHe always lost things.BHe was good

36、 at communicating with others.CHe and the people around all liked helping others.DHe and the people around were all good at sports.【答案】1C 2D 3A 4B 5C【导语】本文主要讲Jae每次丢东西都能遇到一个朋友，这是因为他和周围的人都喜欢帮助别人。1细节理解题。根据“Ron agreed. Inside, Jae saw a baseball on a shelf.”及“He began to ask Ron questions one after anot

37、her. Ron told Jae a lot about past players.”可知Jae在Ron家里了解到很多关于过去的棒球运动员的事情。故选C。2推理判断题。根据“He began to ask Ron questions one after another. Ron told Jae a lot about past players.”及Jae和Ron的相谈甚欢可推出问能否再来是因为他喜欢Ron，想要多和他谈谈。故选D。3词义猜测题。根据“Wow! Thats the same book that I use!”可知两人用了相同的书，Jae很惊讶，exclaimed意为“惊呼”。

38、故选A。4推理判断题。根据“Ron agreed. Inside, Jae saw a baseball on a shelf.”及“He began to ask Ron questions one after another. Ron told Jae a lot about past players.”可知一到Ron家里就被棒球架吸引并和Ron谈论棒球选手的事情，再由“Can we go to the park to look for my baseball?”可自己也打棒球，由此推出Jae是一个棒球迷。故选B。5推理判断题。根据“I lost my keys, my book, and

39、 my baseball, but every time I lost something, I got a friend.”可知每次丢了东西都会交到朋友，结合文章内容可知有时候是别人帮助了Jae，而有时候是Jae帮助了别人，由此推出他交到朋友是因为他和周围的人都喜欢帮助别人。故选C。（2023四川雅安统考中考真题）Rosie loved bedtime. Her dad always told her stories before she fell asleep. Sometimes, he told fairy tales. Sometimes, he told animal storie

40、s. And sometimes, he told sports stories. Rosie couldnt wait to hear Dads next story. But that night, Mom came in and said, “Dad is sick, but I can tell you a story.” So Mom told Rosie a story. But to Rosie, it wasnt the same. She felt sad. She didnt want Dad to be sick, and she missed story time wi

41、th Dad. She thought maybe Dad missed story time, too. So Rosie got out of bed and went to Dads room. She knocked on his door. “Come in,” Dad said. When Rosie opened the door, Dad smiled weakly, “Im sorry. Im going to miss story time tonight.”Rosie sat on Dads bed. “No, you wont. Im going to tell you

42、 a story.” So Rosie told Dad a story about a panda, a tiger, and a lion. Dad loved the story and he fell asleep with a smile on his face.1When did Rosies dad tell her stories?AWhen she was ill.BAfter she got up.CWhile she had dinner.DBefore she fell asleep.2Why did Rosie feel sad that night?ABecause

43、 her dad was ill.BBecause her dad fell asleep.CBecause her dad forgot to tell her stories.DBecause her dad didnt want to tell her stories.3What is the meaning of the underlined word “miss” in Paragraph 4?A想念B错过C丢失D避开4What kind of story did Rosie tell her dad that night?AA fairy tale.BAn animal story

44、.CA sports story.DA love story.5What can we learn from the last paragraph?ARosies father felt happy.BRosies father felt worse.CRosies father didnt like the story.DRosies father didnt enjoy story time.【答案】1D 2A 3B 4B 5A【导语】本文主要讲罗西很喜欢听她爸爸讲睡前故事，有一天，她爸爸生病了，她在爸爸床上为爸爸讲故事。1细节理解题。根据“Her dad always told her

45、stories before she fell asleep.”可知，她爸爸总是在她入睡前给她讲故事。故选D。2细节理解题。根据“She felt sad. She didnt want Dad to be sick, and she missed story time with Dad.”可知，她感到悲伤。她不想让爸爸生病，她错过了和爸爸一起讲故事的时间。故选A。3词句猜测题。根据“Im sorry. Im going to miss story time tonight.”可知，爸爸生病了不能给罗西讲故事，所以错过了故事时间，故选B。4细节理解题。根据“So Rosie told Dad

46、a story about a panda, a tiger, and a lion.”可知，所以罗西给爸爸讲了一个关于熊猫、老虎和狮子的故事。故选B。5细节理解题。根据“Dad loved the story and he fell asleep with a smile on his face.”可知，爸爸很喜欢这个故事，他面带微笑睡着了。故选A。（2023辽宁抚顺统考中考真题）Watching videos is becoming a part of our daily life. Most of us like to watch them to relax or kill the ti

47、me. Some videos are just for fun, some are news and some are short films.Two retired (退休的) teachers are well-known for making short videos. They make them to share knowledge.Wu Yuren is a retired physics teacher. She has become known as “Grandma Wu” by making videos. She uses a humorous and easy-to-

48、understand way to do physics experiments (实验) online. She is good at using everyday tools to experience the magical world of science. She wants young people to be curious about daily life. In this way, young people enjoy finding out the knowledge of science hidden in our life. Wu is more than 70 yea

49、rs old now but still works hard.Wang Pinxian is an 87-year-old marine geologist (海洋地质学家) and teacher at Tongji University. During the past two years, he has used his videos to share his knowledge of the sea. He often studies things like the secrets of the Bermuda Triangle (百慕大三角) and whether there a

50、re sea monsters (怪物) in the sea.These videos have been popular and thousands of people have watched and shared them. Many fans express their thanks for the chance to learn new things and stay in touch with the world around them.Their videos are like “classrooms without walls and universities without

51、 barriers (障碍)”. The two gray-haired people have created real energy(能量) to society through their actions.1In the second paragraph (段落), the two teachers share knowledge by _.Agiving free classesBteaching in the countrysideCmaking short videosDgoing back to universities2The underlined phrase (画线短语)

52、“be curious about” in Paragraph 3 means “_”.Abe thankful forBbecome nervous aboutCbe busy withDbecome interested in3According to Paragraph 3 and Paragraph 4, their videos are about _.AscienceBmusicChistoryDEnglish4We can know that the two teachers are both _ from the passage.Aover seventyBfilm direc

53、torsCshy peopleDbook lovers5The main idea of the passage is that _.Ashort videos can help people relax and kill the timeBhow the two old people create real energy to societyClots of old people enjoy the knowledge of scienceDhow physics experiments can solve daily problems【答案】1C 2D 3A 4A 5B【导语】本文主要介绍

54、两位退休教师制作短视频在网上分享知识。1细节理解题。根据“Two retired (退休的) teachers are well-known for making short videos. They make them to share knowledge.”可知，两位退休教师以制作短视频而闻名，来分享知识。故选C。2词句猜测题。分析“She is good at using everyday tools to experience the magical world of science. She wants young people to be curious about daily l

55、ife. In this way, young people enjoy finding out the knowledge of science hidden in our life.”可知，她善于用日常的工具去体验科学的神奇世界，通过这种方式，年轻人喜欢发现隐藏在我们生活中的科学知识。由此推知，是想让年轻人对日常生活感兴趣，故选D。3细节理解题。根据“In this way, young people enjoy finding out the knowledge of science hidden in our life.”和“During the past two years, he

56、has used his videos to share his knowledge of the sea.”可知，二人分享的视频都是关于科学方面的，故选A。461细节理解题。根据“Wu is more than 70 years old now but still works hard.”和“Wang Pinxian is an 87-year-old marine geologist (海洋地质学家) and teacher at Tongji University.”可知，二人都超过70岁，故选A。5主旨大意题。本文主要介绍两位退休教师制作短视频在网上分享知识，结合“The two gr

57、ay-haired people have created real energy(能量) to society through their actions.”可知，这两位白发苍苍的老人通过自己的行动为社会创造了实实在在的能量。故选B（2023浙江衢州统考中考真题）Tom always lived for grades. He was always interested in books and ideas. Why should he care about people? They only made fun of him. They were jealous (妒忌的) because h

58、e was so smart, or so he thought. It seemed that Tom knew everything except one thing. He didnt know how to get along with other people. He made his parents believe that school was a waste of time, so he began home schooling with special teachers. He dreamed of being the youngest person to enter uni

59、versity, and he sent letters to famous professors (教授) to see if it was possible.One day, the doorbell rang. When Tom opened the door, there was his idolProfessor Rosen. Tom was so excited that he could hardly speak. The two talked for a long time, exchanging ideas. The professor was surprised at wh

60、at this young boy knew. “Tom, tell me about your friends. What do you do for fun?” the professor wanted to know.There was silence as Tom realised that he didnt really have any friends. “Well, I dont have time for all that. Im too busy with my studies,” he said.“Thats a problem, Tom. You have to lear

61、n that the world is not just filled with ideas. Its filled with people. And you have to remember to be what you are a boy. Boys need to have fun.”The professor talked a bit more and then said, “I have to go, but I have a test for you. In this box, there are three things. I want you to learn how to u

62、se them. It is not very simple and youll need another person to help you. Experiment and learn how to use them, and Ill be back in a week to see how youre doing. Then, Ill have another test for you.” The professor left and Tom opened the box. Inside were two baseball gloves and a ball. He tried on a

63、 glove and picked up the ball, looking at the other glove with a bright smile 1What does the underlined word “it” mean in Paragraph 2?AWriting letters.BAttending university early.CStudying at home.DVisiting famous professors.2What do Professor Rosens words mean in Paragraph 5?AIts good for Tom to sh

64、are new ideas with his teachers.BIts important for Tom to remember what hes learnt.CIts necessary for Tom to realise what his problem is.DIts helpful for Tom to know the differences among people.3Why did Professor Rosen set the first test for Tom according to the text?ATo improve Toms testing skills

65、.BTo check Toms language level.CTo stop Tom from being silent.DTo encourage Tom to make friends.4What will Tom probably do next according to the text?AWork much harder on his studies.BGive the box back to the professor.CGo out to play baseball with someone.DAsk for more information by letter.【答案】1B

66、2D 3D 4C【导语】本文主要讲述了一位聪明的男孩一心扑在学习上，他不擅长交朋友。有一天他的偶像Rosen教授来跟他聊天，感叹于他的才华同时也发现了他的缺点，于是这位教授通过一个测试来让Tom学习如何和其他人交朋友。1词义猜测题。根据“He dreamed of being the youngest person to enter university, and he sent letters to famous professors (教授) to see if it was possible.”可知，他梦想成为最年轻的上大学的人，他写信给著名的教授，看看这是否可能，所以it是指代“尽早进

67、入大学”，故选B。2推理判断题。根据“Its filled with people. And you have to remember to be what you are a boy. Boys need to have fun”可知，教授意识到Tom没有朋友，所以让Tom明白这个世界不只是充满了想法，还有人，了解人与人之间的差异是有帮助的，故选D。3推理判断题。根据“It is not very simple and youll need another person to help you”可知，这个测试需要另一个人来帮助Tom，由此可知，教授这样做的目的是为了鼓励Tom交朋友，故选D。

68、4推理判断题。根据“Inside were two baseball gloves and a ball. He tried on a glove and picked up the ball, looking at the other glove with a bright smile”可知，盒子里装了两只棒球手套和一个球，也就是让Tom去跟其他人一起打棒球，所以接下来Tom会出去跟别人一起打棒球，故选C。（2023辽宁沈阳统考中考真题）Both my wife and I are running lovers. I usually run on the track in my neighb

69、ourhood. Most people walk on the track, so I am faster than them. My speed seems amazing to the walkers and I often pass by them twenty or more times around the track. This makes me feel proud. One day, a short man came. He didnt look like much of a runner. I saw him get out of the car and warm up b

70、efore running when I passed by two walkers. He started running a few metres ahead of me. He was fast but I sped up and managed to catch up with him. I had someone to compete with. But after a lap (圈), I fell behind him and had great difficulty in breathing. After two laps, my foot began to hurt, so

71、I had to slow down and began to run at my usual speed. This time I could breathe again without sounding like I had a lung disease (肺病) and the pain in my foot went away. In a very short time, he was far ahead. He was too fast for me to follow.That day, I learnt several lessons. In life, there will a

72、lways be those slower and faster. Some have natural talent (天赋), and some have trained harder. Dont judge (判断) the capacity of a person by how he or she looks.The point is that we each have our own speed. When we are trying to keep up, we often end up hurting ourselves and being out of breath. Slow

73、down or speed up, but run your race to your best. Dont run fast when you should be running slowly. Dont run at all when you should be walking. Dont walk when you should be running.1What was the authors first impression of the short man?AHe was an amazing runner.BHe was an experienced driver.CHe wasn

74、t good at running.DHe was too proud of himself.2What happened to the author when he slowed down?AHis breath became much heavier.BHis foot didnt hurt any more.CHe sounded like having an illness.DHe started to have a pain in his foot.3What does the underlined word “capacity” probably mean?AageBjobCatt

75、itudeDability4Which can be the best title for the text?AThe slower, the healthierBThe faster, the betterCKeep fit through runningDEnjoy your own speed【答案】1C 2B 3D 4D【导语】本文通过作者跑步时的亲身经历告诉我们：我们每个人都有自己的速度。当你应该慢速跑的时候，不要跑得快。当你应该走的时候，不要跑。该跑的时候不要走。1细节理解题。根据“One day, a short man came. He didnt look like much

76、 of a runner.”可知作者对这个矮个子男人的第一印象是他不善于跑步。故选C。2细节理解题。根据“After two laps, my foot began to hurt, so I had to slow down and began to run at my usual speed. This time I could breathe again without sounding like I had a lung disease and the pain in my foot went away.”可知放慢速度以后作者的脚不再疼了。故选B。3词义猜测题。根据“In life,

77、there will always be those slower and faster. Some have natural talent, and some have trained harder. Dont judge the capacity of a person by how he or she looks.”可知生活中人们有快有慢，有的有天赋而有的训练更努力，不要以长相来判断一个人的能力，capacity与ability意思相近。故选D。4标题归纳题。本文通过作者跑步时的亲身经历告诉我们：我们每个人都有自己的速度。当你应该慢速跑的时候，不要跑得快。当你应该走的时候，不要跑。该跑的

78、时候不要走。用“Enjoy your own speed”做标题最合适。故选D。（2023新疆中考真题）The first marathon (马拉松) of the modern Olympic Games took place in 1896. Now marathon is a popular sport across China. On April 26, more than 300,000 runners took part in 26 marathon events nationwide, reported China Daily.Teenagers have also taken

79、 part in marathons actively. Xu Qian, a 15-year-old boy from Suqian, Jiangsu, loves running. He took first place in the 5-kilometer Happy Run of the Jingdong Suqian Marathon on April 2. For Xu, the race meant months of training and preparation. He ran about 30 to 40 kilometers each week ahead of the

80、 run. “The 800-meter run at school is more about speed while a marathon tests a runners endurance and psychological quality (心理素质)”, he said. When he felt tired during the race, he told himself to fight on.As well as ones fighting spirit, kindness from the people also plays a part in helping runners

81、 get to the finish line. Li Zhouzi from Shanxi took part in a 3-kilometer Kid Run of the Berlin Marathon in Germany in 2019 when she was 10. The support from the people cheering along the course (跑道) really encouraged her. “When things were hard, they cheered me on. The simple words keep it up meant

82、 a lot to me and I was encouraged to keep going to the end,” Li said.1How many runners took part in 26 marathon events nationwide on April 26? _AMore than 3,000.BMore than 30,000.CMore than 300,000.DMore than 3,000,000.2Why did Xu Qian run 30 to 40 kilometers each week ahead of the run? _AHe wanted

83、to help more runners.BHe had nothing to do but run.CHis father wanted him to do so.DHe trained in preparation for the race.3Which of the following best explains the underlined word “endurance” in Paragraph 2? _A想象力B创造力C忍耐力D自控力4What encouraged Li Zhouzi to keep going to the end? _AThe peoples support

84、.BThe finish line.COther runners help.DThe hard things.5What is the best title for the text? _AThe Meaning of Marathon.BThe History of Marathon.CRunners from China.DHope for the Future.【答案】1C 2D 3C 4A 5A【导语】本文主要介绍了中国马拉松比赛的兴起以及参与者的经历。1细节理解题。根据“On April 26, more than 300,000 runners took part in 26 ma

85、rathon events nationwide, reported China Daily.”可知，4月26日，全国共有超过30万名选手参加了26场马拉松比赛。故选C。2细节理解题。根据“For Xu, the race meant months of training and preparation. He ran about 30 to 40 kilometers each week ahead of the run.”可知，他为准备比赛而训练。故选D。3词句猜测题。根据“The 800-meter run at school is more about speed while a ma

86、rathon tests a runners endurance and psychological quality”可知，学校里的800米跑更多的是速度，而马拉松则考验跑步者的耐力和心理素质。因此“endurance”表示“忍耐力”。故选C。4细节理解题。根据“The support from the people cheering along the course (跑道) really encouraged her.”可知，来自人们的支持鼓励李周子坚持到了最后。故选A。5最佳标题题。本文主要介绍了中国马拉松比赛的兴起以及参与者的经历。选项A“马拉松的意义。”适合作为本文的标题。故选A。（

87、2023辽宁统考中考真题）Once upon a time, there was a king. He always worried about what might happen in the future. One day, the king noticed a cobbler (修鞋匠). Although he wore ragged (破旧的) clothes, he was very happy. How could he smile so brightly? The king decided to find out.The next day, the king dressed i

88、n rags and followed the cobbler home.“Please, sir, can you give some food to me?” asked the king.“Of course,” said the cobbler.“Why are you so happy?”“Today I made enough money by repairing shoes to buy the bread.”“But what if you dont make enough money for food tomorrow?”“I have faith (信心). Everyth

89、ing will be fine.”This touched the king. But he wondered what would happen if the cobbler couldnt make enough money. So the next day, the king didnt permit anyone to repair shoes. The cobbler was puzzled (困惑的), but he wasnt down. When he saw some villagers trying to carry water home, he helped them

90、and got coins from them.That evening the king went to the cobblers house again. The cobbler was having soup and smiling.“How could you pay for the food today?” asked the king.“I made money by helping the villagers carry water.” said the cobbler.“But what will you do tomorrow?”“I have faith. Everythi

91、ng will be fine.”“Your faith has driven away my fear about the future. Thank you.” said the king.1The king was unhappy because he _ too much.Acared for his peopleBloved his moneyCworried about his futureDmissed his family2The king followed the cobbler home to find out _.Awhat he ateBwhy he was happy

92、Cif he had breadDhow much he made3The underlined (画线的) word “permit” means “_”.AserveBwarnCallowDcontrol4The cobbler got the money by _ when nobody repaired shoes that day.Acarrying sandBselling waterCrepairing shoesDhelping villagers5The passage tells us that we should _.Ahave faithBlearn to shareC

93、trust othersDremember to relax【答案】1C 2B 3C 4D 5A【导语】本文通过国王决定找出修鞋匠快乐的答案告诉我们应该对自己有信心。1细节理解题。根据“Once upon a time, there was a king. He always worried about what might happen in the future.”可知国王很不高兴，因为他太担心自己的未来了。故选C。2细节理解题。根据“How could he smile so brightly? The king decided to find out.”可知国王跟着修鞋匠回家，想知道他

94、快乐的原因。故选B。3词义猜测题。根据“But he wondered what would happen if the cobbler couldnt make enough money.”可知国王想知道，如果修鞋匠赚不到足够的钱，会发生什么。所以他不允许任何人来修鞋，permit和allow同义，故选C。4细节理解题。根据“When he saw some villagers trying to carry water home, he helped them and got coins from them.”可知那天没人修鞋，修鞋匠通过帮助村民挣到钱。故选D。5主旨大意题。根据“I ha

95、ve faith (信心). Everything will be fine.”以及通读全文可知，本文通过国王决定找出修鞋匠快乐的答案告诉我们应该对自己有信心，故选A。（2023内蒙古包头统考中考真题）Im about to begin my fifth season of tree planting. Each year, around this time, I have mixed feelings about the job. After enjoying the warmth of my home for the winter months, I begin to miss the c

96、hallenges of life in the bush.In the early hours of the morning, we join our teamnormally 6 to 12 men and women. Some of us will be covered in suncream and dirt. Our trucks travel deep into the woodlands. When we step out of the trucks, were faced with a hillside that has just been logged (砍伐) and i

97、s covered with piles of logs (原木) and branches.We quickly fill our bags with hundreds of tiny trees. Skilled tree-planters treat this more like a sport than a job, and competition fills the air. Once our bags are full, we jump from log to log. We fall many times, always pushing ourselves to go faste

98、r.Daily pains get to us all. We feel uncomfortable in the heat, deal with cold at night and suffer from anger. But beautiful moments are always waiting. I remember, lying in my tent one night, listening to a pack of wolves howling in the distance. The season afterward I came across a bobcat that was

99、 sitting and calmly staring at us.Ive worked with a 62-year-old tree-planting legend (传奇人物) called Grantbelieved to have planted seven million trees in 40 years. Once he got caught in a rockslide and broke his back. It took him years to recover, but he came back stronger than ever. His passion (热爱)

100、for the job reminds me of what I love about it.Tree planting is a laboratory of self-growth. You master your mind and face the worst and the best in your nature. A new version of yourself awaits at the end of the experience. And after sleeping in a tent all summer, you learn never to take your bed f

101、or granted. So value what you have had and face the challenges in your life with great passion.1Why does the author plant trees?ATo be well-known.BTo make a living.CTo challenge himself.DTo learn planting skills.2Which of the following could best describe Grant?AHonest.BQuiet.CHumorous.DStrong-wille

102、d.3What does the underlined part in the last paragraph probably mean?AYou need to be yourself.BYou can be more careful.CYou should be thankful for what you own.DYou should take your bed with you next time.4What is the best title for the text?ACrying in the BushBPlanting with PassionCA Lesson from Gr

103、antDA Mistake in the Wild【答案】1C 2D 3C 4B【导语】本文作者以自身的经历建议读者珍惜所拥有的，并以极大的热情面对生活中的挑战。1细节理解题。根据“After enjoying the warmth of my home for the winter months, I begin to miss the challenges of life in the bush.”和“So value what you have had and face the challenges in your life with great passion.”可知，作者植树是为了挑

104、战自己，故选C。2推理判断题。根据“Grantbelieved to have planted seven million trees in 40 years. Once he got caught in a rockslide and broke his back. It took him years to recover, but he came back stronger than ever. His passion (热爱) for the job reminds me of what I love about it.”（据信，格兰特在40年里种了700万棵树。有一次他被困在岩石滑坡中

105、，摔断了背。他花了好几年才康复，但他回来后比以前更强壮了。他对这份工作的热情让我想起了我喜欢这份工作的地方。）可推断出，格兰特是一个意志坚强的人，故选D。3词句猜测题。根据“And after sleeping in a tent all summer, you learn never to take your bed for granted.”可知，在帐篷里睡了一整个夏天之后，你学会了永远不要把自己的床视为理所当然。结合“So value what you have had and face the challenges in your life with great passion.”可知

106、，要珍惜你所拥有的，并以极大的热情面对生活中的挑战。故选C。4最佳标题题。根据结尾部分“So value what you have had and face the challenges in your life with great passion.”和全文可知，作者以自身的经历建议读者珍惜所拥有的，并以极大的热情面对生活中的挑战，所以B选项最符合，故选B。（2023湖南张家界统考中考真题）Going green makes a big difference in our life. Im Jessica Wong. Today Ill tell you what my family do

107、es every day to save the earth. Its reported that a common family produces more than one ton of rubbish a year. Some of this waste takes hundreds of years to decay. Also, it costs much money to buy new things to take the place of the things we throw away. In order to protect the environment and save

108、 money, my family has recycled everything. On the one hand, we collect used things every day, such as paper, bottles and boxes, and put them into different bins. Then they are sent to a recycling center. Finally, they are treated and can be used again. Recycling will help reduce a lot of waste. On t

109、he other hand, we use old clothes to make different kinds of bags. I especially like to use old jeans to make bags. These cute and useful bags are popular with young people. As a result, I open a small shop and set up a website to sell them online. Whats more, my parents and my brother often go to w

110、ork by bike. If it rains, theyll take the bus. Were also going to grow our own vegetables, raise cows, keep hens and ducks. Soon, well be able to have eggs and milk for meals. What a difference we make for our earth!1How much rubbish does a common family produce?ATwo hundred kilos.BOne ton.COver one

111、 ton.2The underlined word “decay” in the passage means _ in Chinese.A腐烂B浪费C运送3What are the bags made of in Jessicas shops?APaper.BOld clothes.CBoxes.4How does Jessicas brother often go to work?ABy bike.BBy car.CBy bus.5According to this passage, what do we know?AGoing green makes little difference i

112、n our life.BJessicas bags are popular with all people.CWe can do small things to help save our earth.【答案】1C 2A 3B 4A 5C【导语】本文主要介绍Jessica Wong一家为了环保所做的事。1细节理解题。根据“Its reported that a common family produces more than one ton of rubbish a year.”可知，据报道，一个普通家庭每年产生一吨多的垃圾。故选C。2词句猜测题。分析“Its reported that a

113、common family produces more than one ton of rubbish a year. Some of this waste takes hundreds of years to decay.”可知，据报道，一个普通家庭每年产生一吨多的垃圾，其中一些废物需要数百年时间，由此推知，应该是需要数百年时间腐烂。故选A。3细节理解题。根据“On the other hand, we use old clothes to make different kinds of bags.”可知，用旧衣服做不同种类的包。故选B。4细节理解题。根据“Whats more, my pa

114、rents and my brother often go to work by bike.”可知，父母和哥哥弟经常骑自行车去上班。故选A。5推理判断题。根据文章内容可知，Jessica Wong一家做的都是保护环境的小事，但却对地球产生很大的影响。故选C。（2023湖南株洲统考中考真题）The sun was shining brightly over our heads and sweat (汗水) was pouring down our backs and faces. We stood still without making any noise, all hot and tired

115、. But everyone kept standing as straight as trees. It was something most junior high schools give to new Junior One students-military (军事的) training. We spent four days in a closed environment. Although we couldnt go home at night and the training was strict and difficult, our humorous young sergean

116、t (教官) was a real pleasure of our days. We laughed at his jokes, sat in rows singing different songs and listened to him telling true stories about his life. He gave us the feeling that sunlight and sweat were not the only things that military training offered. After this journey, we were stronger t

117、han we had imagined and we were much braver than we had expected. Students who looked pale rested for a little while, then right away came back to the team. Students who were late rushed to the playground at once and began to run. Sweat poured down our faces, but we didnt care about it at all. Milit

118、ary training taught us to be brave and strong and never to give up. On the last day of our training, the confidence could be seen on our faces. We shouted so loud that our voices could be heard across the sky. With eyes like burning fire, we walked into the future. Now the sun is smiling at all of u

119、s.1Although all of the students were _, everyone kept standing as straight as trees.AnoisyBtiredCsleepy2How long did the military training last?A3 days.B4 days.C5 days.3What didnt the students do during the training according to the passage?AThey sang songs.BThey listened to stories.CThey watched mo

120、vies.4What does the word “it” in paragraph 3 mean?ABeing late.BRunning.CSweat pouring.5What can be the best title of the passage?AOur Military TrainingBA Humorous SergeantCJunior One School Life【答案】1B 2B 3C 4C 5A【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，作者介绍自己参加初中军训的经历和感受。1细节理解题。根据“We stood still without making any noise, all h

121、ot and tired. But everyone kept standing as straight as trees.”可知，我们站着不动，不出声，又热又累。但每个人都像树一样笔直地站着。故选B。2细节理解题。根据“We spent four days in a closed environment.”可知，军训持续4天，故选B。3细节理解题。根据“We laughed at his jokes, sat in rows singing different songs and listened to him telling true stories about his life.”可知，我们被他的笑话逗得哈哈大笑，坐成一排唱着不同的歌，听他讲述自己生活中的真实故事。没有提到看电影，故选C。4代词指代题。根据“Sweat poured down our faces, but we didnt care about it at all.”可知，汗水从我们脸上流下来，但我们一点也不在乎。此处it指的是流汗，故选C。5最佳标题题。本文主要是介绍自己参加初中军训的经历和感受，故选A。