专题52 世界历史-备战2022中考英语语法填空热点话题 体裁分类训练(中考模拟题 名校真题)(1).docx

1、备战2022中考英语语法填空热点话题+体裁分类训练(中考模拟题+名校真题)专题52 世界历史（2018山东潍坊中考真题）I live in Pennsylvania. It is a _1_ （north）state of America, which is the 33rd_2_ （large）state in America. You might know some of the cities, like Philadelphia, Pittsburgh and Allentown. The state capital is Harrisburg. Now let me tell you

2、a little more about my state.Several Indian tribes（部落）lived in Pennsylvania before _3_（Europe）came. The Dutch came first, _4_（follow）by Sweden. England started colonies（殖民地） later. After a few fights, they_5_（take）control of the land.Pennsylvania _6_（give）to the Penn family later. That is how Pennsy

3、lvania got its name. Pennsylvania was the_7_（two）to join the nation. The city of Philadelphia _8_（be）an important city since the colony was founded. It was even the capital of America, too!Today, Pennsylvania is sometimes regarded as the snack capital of the country. It is famous for snacks, like pr

4、etzels and chips, Heinz ketchup and sauces. There is also Hershey, which is well _9_（know）as the chocolate company.There are steel companies in the state, as well as a lot of colleges. There are plenty of things _10_（do） in Pennsylvania. There are several major sports teams. Pennsylvania has 121 sta

5、te parks, and they all have free _11_（enter）. Hunting is popular here, too.Are you thinking about_12_（visit）the state?（2018浙江杭州中考真题）阅读下面材料,在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。将答案填写在答题纸的相应位置。Next time you hold a book in your hands, stop and think. Like most other things in the modern world, it is the result

6、 of thousands of years of human invention.First, came the invention of writing,_13_(probable) about 5, 500 years ago. With writing, people did not have to remember everything in their heads. They could communicate with people that they never_14_(see) and share their knowledge with insure generations

7、.Later, the Greeks were well-known for their literature (文学) and science, but their books looked very different_15_the books of today. They were called scrolls (卷轴). They were difficult to use and took a lot of space in a library. About 2,000 years ago, books with lots of pages_16_(invent).For more

8、than a thousand years, the pages of books were made from animal skin. That changed in_17_thirteenth century, when Europeans learned about a very_18_(use) Chinese invention: paper.But the biggest change for books in Europe came in 1439, when Johannes Gutenberg invented the printing press. Before that

9、, books in Europe were copied by hand, so they were very expensive. Many more people could afford the books_19_were produced on a printing press.These days it is difficult_20_(imagine) a world without books. But human invention does not stop. Every year, more_21_(story) are bought as e-books and rea

10、d on a screen.Will anyone turn the pages of a traditional book in the future,_22_will books, like scrolls, soon disappear?（2021福建宁德一模）阅读下面短文，根据语境、音标或所给单词提示，在每个空格内填入一个适当的词，要求所填的词意义准确、形式正确，使短文意思完整、行文连贯。The Year of the Ox has come. In China, you will find various ox figures made of gold, _23_ /wd/, pla

11、stic, paper and stone on sale in stores and on the to celebrate the return.But why was the ox _24_ /tzn/ to be one of the 12 Chinese zodiac signs (生肖)? Centuries ago, most people made their living through _25_ (farm). The ox was used to help plow, cultivate(耕种) _26_ carry heavy things. The ox _27_ /

12、plez/ an important part in Chinese culture. Ancient Chinese poets and _28_ (write) often described the ox in literature. In the Book of songs(诗经) , the _29_ (old) existing (存在的) collection of Chinese poetry, the animal was mentioned in nine out of the 305 pieces.The ox is considered as _30_ symbol o

13、f earnestness (认真) in Chinese culture. When someone does something _31_ (success) through hard work, people often use “niu ” to describe him or her. So naturally, those who were born in the Year of the Ox are often expected to _32_ hard-working. “They never try to be the center of attention and do n

14、ot look for praise,” the website China Highlights noted.（2021山东临清市教育和体育局教科研中心一模）Whats the best way to overlook (俯瞰) a beautiful city? If you find _33_ (climb) a mountain tiring, there is another way that is more relaxing: take a Ferris wheel (摩天轮)!Ferris wheels sit _34_ (介词) the middle of some great

15、 cities around the world. These tall, wide _35_ (wheel) move round and round while carrying people. You can have such _36_ (冠词) wonderful time, chatting with friends _37_ (连词) enjoying a fantastic view under your feet.The _38_ (one) Ferris wheel was built in 1893 by US engineer George Ferris Jr. in

16、Chicago, US. The giant wheel shocked people. At that time, it was the largest single piece of steelworks that had ever been made. Ferris wheels _39_ (quick) became tourist attractions.Now, with many countries racing to build the tallest, greatest or coolest Ferris wheel, the big round wheels are bec

17、oming popular in amusement parks and carnivals. Here is one of the top Ferris wheels around the world. Would you try it?With a height of 443 feet (about 135m), the London Eye is the tallest Ferris wheels in Europe. It has enough space for 800 people on one turn (圈) and each car can carry as _40_ (mu

18、ch) as 25 people. By taking it, visitors can get a 360-degree view of London Tower, Buckingham Palace and Big Ben. One complete turn _41_ (take) 30 minutes. The London Eye is at the center of the New _42_ (year) celebrations, as bright, sparkling fireworks rain down from the wheel.（2020山东日照一模）Have y

19、ou heard of the Silk Road? I think as a Chinese student, you must know something about it.Long ago, traders brought treasures _43_ the East to the West. Trips to the East became more favorable when traders found silks and spices (香料). These treasures were not common goods that were easy _44_ (get).

20、Many people wanted them to sell for more money and _45_ was a good way to become wealthy.The SilkRoad was not a real road. It was a route (线路) between the East and West. It went through China, Turkey, and Greece. Some traders traveled overland, and _46_ sailed across the sea. There was danger along

21、both routes.Traders who went over the land _47_ (use) camels and horses. First, the traders crossed the desert (沙漠)._48_, they climbed over mountains. After that, the traders still had hundreds of miles to go. Bad weather was often a problem. Robbers who stole the silks and spices also caused troubl

22、e.Traders who crossed the sea faced some of the same problems. There were storms on the sea. Water and wind _49_ (push) the boats in the wrong directions. Pirates (海盗) also chased the ships and they stole the goods and _50_ (take) control of the ships.Over time, the Silk Road changed people in both

23、the East and West. Traders shared stories about far away lands. They brought back _51_ (draw) of the places and things they had seen, which helped people learn about new cultures. As a result of the SilkRoad, the world seemed much _52_ (small).（2020山东聊城二模）People send birthday greetings by using card

24、s in both eastern and western countries. It is not known when and where exactly the tradition of _53_(send)birthday cards began. It is believed that it _54_(begin)in England in the early nineteenth century. In those days people sent birthday cards _55_(连词)they couldnt wish somebody a happy birthday

25、in person.In 1840 the first stamp was used in Britain and sending birthday cards became easier, _56_(cheap) and more popular. The development of color printing processes(工艺流程) in the 1930s also helped to increase sales of birthday cards.Today cards are often _57_(give)with a present, even when peopl

26、e can express their_58_(wish)face to face. In recent times e-cards have also become popular. Many people are starting to use e-cards instead _59_(介词)traditional cards because they are free, environmentally _60_(friend) and easy to arrive. So will e-cards take place of paper cards completely in ten o

27、r twenty years? Probably not. For example, for kids and old people, they dont use e-cards very often.If your birthday is coming soon, do you wish that at _61_(little)one person could congratulate you with _62_(冠词)beautiful card then?（2020福建南平二模）阅读下面短文，根据语境、音标或所给单词的提示在每个空格内填入一个恰当的词，要求所填的词意义准确、形式正确，使短

28、文意思完整、行文连贯。Su Dongpo (Su Shi) was a poet who lived during the Song Dynasty (960-1279). He was the_63_ (one) to make the dish, Dongpo Pork. When he was a local official in Huangzhou, Hubei, he fell in love _64_ cooking pork. In his article Ode to Pork, Su described _65_ （exact）how to cook it. Accordi

29、ng to folk _66_（story）, the dish became well-known when Su went to Hangzhou, Zhejiang to take office. One day, there was a _67_ /terbl/ flood and Su went out to help people. He worked so hard _68_ everyone felt thankful for him. They _69_ （hear）that he loved eating pork, so they gave him a lot of it

30、. But Su Dongpo wanted to give it _70_.He cooked the pork in his _71_ / n/ special way. Then he gave the dish to every family in the city and every worker on the street. Very soon the dish became _72_ /fems/ in Hangzhou and got the name “Dongpo pork”.（2020福建宁德二模）The earliest maps were probably drawn

31、 in the Middle East. Some of _73_（this）maps have survived and they show us the people at that time thought the earth flat（平的）. _74_time went by, the pictures became more detailed and maps were more correctly made. Later on, ancient Greeks used their knowledge of _75_/m/and science to make maps. Gree

32、k maps tell us the Greeks _76_（know）the world was round. From simple pictures, mapmaking has turned into a science. Maps are made by surveying（勘测）land. In the 1900s, people around the world started to share information to make _77_ (good）maps. Maps are now more exactly made than ever_78_the help of

33、the photographs taken from the sky and space. since the world is always changing, we will always_79_ /nid/ new maps. There are many types of maps, but almost all use words and pictures to describe what a place is like when the map is made. A map_80_（usual）tells what the pictures stand for. Some maps

34、 may show the whole world. A road map will help you know_81_ distance from one place to another. Other maps may use pictures to show the temperature and_82_/ppjulen/ in different places.（2020福建泉州二模）Why do we call women jinguo(巾帼）in Chinese?In China, jinguo is a cool and somewhat literary way to refe

35、r to women.But what does it_83_(actual) mean ?It is a kind of_84_/skf/ or head wrap that was worn in ancient China.Before the Han Dynasty (206 BC - AD 220), it was fashionable for men and women to use jinguo to wrap their hair. Later on, only women wore them.It is said that jinguo was used to refer

36、to women because of Zhuge Lianga famous statesman who lived_85_/dr/the Three Kingdoms period(220-228)._86_(story) say that Zhuge once started a war_87_the Wei Kingdom. However, the Wei general（将军） Sima Yi didnt want to fight and asked his army to stay in the city. Zhuge then_88_ （send） a jinguo to S

37、ima as a form of humiliation（羞辱）implying that Sima was as timid（胆怯的）as a little girl.After that, people started to use jinguo to refer to women, but as a form of praise_89_ . There is a phrase“巾帼不让须眉”, which means “women are not inferior to men”. Xumei refers to men because men often have_90_ /k/ be

38、ards and eyebrows.People also put jinguo and yingxiong together to make the phrase“jinguo yingxiong”, or “female heroes”._91_ example, Hua Mulan and Mu Guiying were both well-known jinguo yingxiong in ancient China.Today, jinguo yingxiong doesnt just refer to female warriors like Hua and Mu. It can

39、refer to any outstanding woman who has made great _92_(achieve).（2018福建省福州屏东中学二模）阅读下面短文，根据语境、音标或所给单词的提示，在每个空格内填入一个恰当的词，要求所填的词意义准确、形式正确，使短文意思完整、行文连贯。Pizza has a _93_l: history. The ancient Greeks first had the idea of putting _94_ (vegetable) on pieces of bread, and Pizza ovens have been found in Rom

40、an cities. But for centuries, one important ingredient was missingthe first tomatoes were not brought to Europe _95_the sixteenth century from South America.It was the nineteenth century before Rafaela Esposito, a baker from Naples, began to_96_ sel the first modern pizzas.He was asked to bake a spe

41、cial pizza for a _97_ vzt by the Italian King and Queen in 1889, and so the first pizza Margarita was _98_ (create) which was named after the Queen.Pizza became a favorite dish in Italy, but pizza really became an international dish after the Second World War, when thousands _99_American soldiers we

42、nt home from Europe. Soon there were pizzerias all over the USA, and American chains(连锁店) like Pizza Hut spread the idea _100_the world. Today the each American _101_(eat) over ten kilograms of pizza a year, and the worlds _102_(big) pizza was baked out not in Italy, but in Cuba!参考答案：1northern2large

43、st3Europeans4followed5took6was given7second/2nd8has been9Known10to do11entry/entrance12visiting【解析】【分析】本短文是一篇城市介绍，介绍了宾夕法尼亚州地理、历史、经济、文化等。1句意：它是美国北部的一个州。在句中缺少形容词本题中缺少形容词 “北方的”，north变为northern，修饰state。故答案为northern。2句意：美国第三十三大州。用形容词的最高级形式。large的最高级为largest。故填：largest。3句意：在欧洲人到来之前，有几个印第安部落住在宾夕法尼亚。表示“欧洲人”

44、用European，又结合句意，用复数形式，所以填写Europeans。4句意：紧随其后的是瑞典。由后面的by Sweden的可知，本题表示被动关系；因此用follow的过去分词为followed。语境是：被瑞典紧随其后。故答案为followed。5句意：经过几次战斗，他们控制了这块土地。由于讲述的是历史，发生在过去的事情，用一般过去时态，动词用过去式，即took。6句意：宾夕法尼亚后来被授予Penn家族。主谓语存在被动关系，时间状语提示用一般过去时态，故用一般过去时态的被动语态形式。所以答案为：was given。7句意：宾夕法尼亚是第二个加入该国的国家。表示“第二个”用序数词second。

45、故答案为second/2nd。8句意：自殖民地成立以来，费城一直是一个重要的城市。“since the colony was founded.”知，此处用现在完成时态，主语是费城，所以填写has been。9句意：也有赫尔希，这是众所周知的巧克力公司。短语be known as意为“被认为是，以著称”。故答案为known。10句意：在宾夕法尼亚有很多事情要做。动词不定式表示目的。故答案为to do。11句意：它们都有免费的入口。 结合句子，此处应该填写名词表示“入口”，故填写entry/entrance。12句意：你在考虑访问这个州吗？介词后加动名词形式，即填写visiting。所以答案为：v

46、isiting。13probably14saw15from/to/than16were invented17the18useful19that/which20to imagine21stories22or【解析】【分析】文章大意：本文讲述了书的由来和发展历史。13句意：首先，来说一下写作的由来，大概在5500年以前。由题干可知“about 5, 500 years ago”是句子的时间状语，所以空格处应填副词，与probable所对应的副词形式为probably，故答案填probably。14句意：他们能够与他们从未见过的人交流，并与子孙后代们分享他们的知识。由题干可知空格处是定语从句的谓语动

47、词，根据主句中的could可判断从句是时态用一般过去时，提示词see的过去式为saw，故答案填saw。15句意：后来，希腊人因他们的文学和科学而著名，但是他们的“书籍”和现在的书籍大不相同。由题干可知本句考查固定搭配different from/to/than“不同于”，故答案填from/to/than。16句意：大约2000之前，有很多书页的书被发明了。分析题干可知书和发明之间是被动关系，时态为一般过去时，books为复数，所以系动词be用were，故答案填were invented。17句意：书页由兽皮制作的那种现象在13世纪发生了变化。根据句意“在十三世纪”，in the xxth ce

48、ntury表示“在第几世纪”，序数词前面要用定冠词the，故答案填the。18句意：当欧洲人了解到中国一个非常有用的发明“纸”的时候。空格后面的invention为名词，意思是“发明”，要用形容词来修饰，根据句意可知此处是“有用的”，英文表达是useful，故答案填useful。19句意：更多的人能买得起通过印刷机生产的书。本题考查定语从句，分析题干可知先行词是物：the books，所以关系词用that或者which，故答案填that/which。20句意：现在很难想象一个没有书的世界。分析题干可知本句考查句型It is difficult to do sth.“做某事是困难的”， It是形

49、式主语，句子真正的主语是后面的动词不定式，故答案填to imagine。21句意：每年都有更多的故事以电子书的形式出现在屏幕上被阅读并被购买。story是可数名词，more是many的比较级，所以此处用story的复数形式stories，故答案填stories。22句意：将来会有人翻开传统书籍的书页吗？或者书籍，像卷轴一样，会很快消失吗？空格处是连接两个句子，而且前后两句话表示的是两种假设，所以此处应填表示选择的连词“或者”，英文表达是“or”，故答案填or。点睛：本题为短文填空，首先要快速浏览全文，理解短文的大致意思，再精读短文注意所填的词在句中的词性、时态等等。然后根据句意、上下文联系、语

50、境及所给出的单词提示填上合适的词语。如，第2小题，根据主句中的could可判断从句是时态用一般过去时，提示词see的过去式为saw，故答案填saw。第7小题，分析题干可知考查定语从句，先行词是物：the books，所以关系词用that或者which，故答案填that/which。23wood24chosen25farming26and#or27plays28writers29oldest30a#the31successfully32be【解析】【分析】文章讲述了在牛年，中国的商店和街道上看到各种各样的用金、木、塑料、纸和石头制作的牛雕像，并介绍了为什么牛被选为十二生肖之一有关的历史知识。23

51、句意：在中国，你可以在商店和街道上看到各种由金、木、塑料、纸和石头制成的牛雕像。根据音标提示，此处是wood“木头”，是不可数名词，故填wood。24句意：但是为什么牛被选为十二生肖之一呢？根据音标提示，此处是chosen“选择”，是choose的过去分词，与前面的was构成被动语态，故填chosen。25句意：几个世纪以前，大多数人靠务农为生。through是介词，后接动词的ing形式，故填farming。26句意：牛被用来帮助犁地、耕种，搬运重物。根据“plow, cultivate(耕种).carry heavy things”可知，此处是动词之间的并列，应用and/or连接，故填and

52、/or。27句意：牛在中国文化中起着重要的作用。主语是单数名词，陈述事实应用一般现在时，动词应用三单形式，故填plays。28句意：中国古代诗人和作家经常在文学作品中描写牛。and连接并列部分，前面是poets，后面应该也是表示人的词，且要用复数形式，故填writers。29句意：在现存最古老的中国诗集诗经中，305首诗中有9首提到了这种动物。空格前有the修饰，结合语境，此处是指“最古老的”，应用最高级形式，故填oldest。30句意：牛在中国文化中被认为是真诚的象征。a/the symbol of“的象征”，是固定短语，故填a/the。31句意：当一个人通过努力工作成功地做了一件事时，人们

53、常常用“牛”来形容他或她。空格修饰的是句中的动词，应用副词形式，故填successfully。32句意：因此，在牛年出生的人通常被认为是勤劳的。此处表达的是“被认为是”，应用be动词，空格前有to，此处应用动词原形，故填be。33climbing34in35wheels36a37while38first39quickly40many41takes42Years【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了摩天轮的由来。33句意：如果你觉得爬山很累，还有另一种更放松的方法：坐摩天轮！根据句子结构，you是主语，find是谓语，后接省略了that的宾语从句，空格处使用动名词作从句主语；climb的动

54、名词形式为climbing。故填climbing。34句意：摩天轮坐落在世界上一些大城市的中心。根据空后“the middle of”的提示可知，空处应是in；in the middle of在的中间。故填in。35句意：这些又高又宽的轮子在载人时转来转去。根据前面的修饰词these可知，后面应接可数名词复数形式。故填wheels。36句意：你可以有这样一个美好的时光，一边与朋友聊天，一边享受脚下美妙的景色。such+a/an+形容词+可数名词单数，表示“如此”；wonderful是以辅音音素开头的单词，故不定冠词应用a。故填a。37句意：你可以有这样一个美好的时光，一边与朋友聊天，一边享受脚

55、下美妙的景色。根据空前“chatting with friends”和空后“enjoying a fantastic view under your feet,”可知，此处是指一边和朋友聊天一边欣赏脚下的美景，故应用while连接两个同时进行的动作。故填while。38句意：第一个摩天轮是1893年由美国工程师乔治费里斯在美国芝加哥建造的。根据句前the的提示可知，是指第一个摩天轮建于1893年；one是基数词，对应的序数词是first，第一。故填first。39句意：摩天轮很快成为旅游景点。根据句意，空处的词修饰动词，所以使用副词；quick，快的，形容词，对应的副词是quickly，快地。

56、故填quickly。40句意：它有足够的空间，一圈可以容纳800人，每个车厢可以容纳多达25人。asas，和一样，中间放形容词或副词原级；people，可数名词复数，应用many来修饰。故填many。41句意：完全转一圈需要30分钟。句子是一般现在时，主语“One complete turn”是第三人称单数形式，故行为动词使用第三人称单数形式。故填takes。42句意：伦敦眼是新年庆典的中心。根据句意，空处和其后的被修饰词是所属关系，应用名词所有格，且New Year是专有名词，故year首字母大写。故填Years。43from44to get45it46others47used48Then4

57、9could push50took51drawings52smaller【解析】【分析】本文是是一篇说明文，作者认为作为一名中国学生，一定要知道一些关于“丝绸之路”的故事。作者介绍了“丝绸之路”的发展，由于“丝绸之路”，这个世界看起来要小得多。43句意：很久以前，商人把财宝从当东方带到了西方。from.to.意为“从到”，这里表示“从东方到西方”，故填from。44句意：这些宝藏不是很容易得到的普通商品。be easy to do sth.不定式作表语，故填to get。45句意：许多人希望他们能卖更多的钱，这是一个致富的好方法。was前缺少主语，根据句子结构和句意，真正的主语是“to bec

58、ome wealthy”，不定式作真正的主语，故用it作形式主语。故填it。46句意：一些商人从陆路旅行，另一些人乘船横渡大海。some.others表示“一些，另一些”，这里表示“其他的商人”。故填others。47句意：经过这片土地的商人使用骆驼和马。traders是主语，“who went over the land” traders的后置定语，use作谓语动词，有前文的went可知，句子使用一般过去时，故填used。48句意：然后，他们翻越山。根据句子结构以及前文的first可知，这里可以填入一个过渡词作状语，first表示“首先”；then表示“然后”。故填Then。49句意：水和风

59、能把船推向错误的方向。根据上文“There were storms on the sea. ”在海上有暴风雨，而这暴风雨“能够”把船吹向错误的方面。can是情态动词，意为“能够”，后接动词原形，根据语境，这里使用一般过去时。故填could push。50句意：海盗也追赶船只，偷走货物并控制船只。根据句意和提示词take，可知take的主语是they，take作谓语动词，由stole可知，句子使用一般过去时。故填took。51句意：他们带回了他们所看到的地方和事物的图画，这有助于人们了解新的文化。draw是动词，意为“画画”，其名词形式是drawing；这里需要填入名词作brought的宾语，d

60、rawing是可数名词，根据语境“他们所看的地方和食物的图画”，这里填入名词复数。故填drawings。52句意：由于丝绸之路的存在，这个世界看起来要小得多。much可以修饰形容词的比较级，small是形容词，意为“小的”。故填smaller。【点睛】53sending54began55when/if56cheaper57given58wishes59of60friendly61least62a【解析】【分析】文章讲述了无论西方还是东方，人们都会用贺卡寄送生日祝福。同时介绍了生日贺卡的由来、发展及其作用。53句意：寄生日贺卡的传统是什么时候在哪里开始的没有人知道。根据of介词，后用动名词doi

61、ng形式，做介词宾语；故填sending。54句意：人们相信它在19世纪早期在英国开始的。根据 in the early nineteenth century在19世纪早期，可知用一般过去时态；故填began。55句意：在那时当/如果他们不能亲自祝福某人生日时，他们就寄生日贺卡。根据In those days people sent birthday cards和they couldnt wish somebody a happy birthday in person.之间的关系，可以说“当他们不能亲自祝福某人生日时”，也可以说“如果他们不能亲自祝福某人生日时”；故填when/if56句意：在

62、1840年英国第一张邮票开始使用，寄生日贺卡变得更容易、更便宜、更流行。根据前后都是比较级，它们是并列关系，所以也用比较级；故填cheaper。57句意：今天给贺卡通常带着一个礼物。根据主语cards和give之间是被动关系，所以用被动语态；故填given。58句意：甚至当人们面对面表达祝福时。根据their他们的，所以用名词复数；故填wishes。59句意：许多人正在使用电子贺卡代替传统的贺卡。根据because they are free, environmentally 8(friend) and easy to arrive因为他们免费、环保，更容易送达，所以电子贺卡代替了传统的贺卡，

63、instead of代替；故填of。60句意：因为他们免费、环保，更容易送达。根据 e-cards，可知是“环保”，environmentally与环境有关地，副词，修饰形容词friendly，environmentally friendly 环保；故填friendly。61句意：你希望至少有一个人用漂亮的贺卡祝贺你吗？根据at least至少，固定搭配；故填least。62句意：你希望至少有一个人用一个漂亮的贺卡祝贺你吗？根据句意可知这里是泛指一张贺卡，a一个，泛指，用于辅音音素开头的单词前；故填a。63first64with65exactly66stories67terrible68tha

64、t69heard70back71own72famous【解析】【分析】本篇介绍东坡肉这道菜的名称的由来。苏东坡到浙江杭州任职时，当地发生了一场大水灾，他出去救人，百姓都很感激，他们送给了他很多肉，苏东坡用自己独特的方法把肉煮好返还给百姓。63句意：他是第一个做东坡肉的人。空格在定冠词后面，判断填序数词，one一，基数词，其序数词为first，第一，故答案为first。64句意：当他是湖北黄州的地方官员时，他爱上了煮猪肉。从文字的表层意思推断空格指他爱上了煮猪肉，fall love with 爱上；故答案为with。65句意：苏轼在猪肉颂一文中，精确地描述了如何烹调猪肉。空格在动词后面，判断填副

65、词；exact精确的，形容词，其副词形式为exactly精确地，故答案为exactly。66句意：据民间传说，苏到浙江杭州任职时，这道菜就出名了。空格在介词后面，判断填名词复数表泛指，story故事，名词，以辅音+y为结尾，其复数形式要改y为i，再+es；故答案为stories。67句意：有一天，发生了一场大水灾，苏出去救人。空格在不定冠词和单数可数名词之间，判断填形容词；根据音标提示，terrible的读音/terbl/，危害极大的，形容词；故答案为terrible。68句意：他工作如此努力，大家都很感激他。从文字的表层意思推断空格指苏东坡工作如此努力以致大家都很感激他，判断句子是sotha

66、t引导的结果状语从句；故答案为that。69句意：他们听说他喜欢吃猪肉，所以给了他很多肉。空格是句子的谓语，判断填动词；本篇讲述发生在宋朝的故事，用一般过去时；hear听，动词，其过去式为不规则变化heard；故答案为heard。70句意：但是苏东坡想把它返还。根据下文“Then he gave the dish to every family in the city and every worker on the street.” 然后他把这道菜分给城里的每一户人家和街上的每一个工人，可知空格指苏东坡想要把百姓送给他的肉返还回去；give back返还；故答案为back。71句意：他用自己的

67、特殊方法煮猪肉。空格在物主代词和名词之间，判断填形容词；根据音标提示，own的读音/ n/，自己的，形容词；故答案为own。72句意：很快，这道菜就在杭州出名了，并被命名为“东坡肉”。空格在系动词become后面，判断填形容词，构成系表结构；根据音标提示，famous的读音/fems/，出名的，形容词；故答案为famous。73these74As75math76knew77better78with79need80usually81the82population【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了地图的演变历史以及种类。73句意：这些地图中有一些还存在于世。this：这个，单数形式，

68、横线后maps是可数名词的复数形式，所以要把this改成these这些。故填these。74句意：随着时间的流逝，画面上的细节更多，地图也更加精确。两个完整句子在同一句里，横线处必然填连词，as表达的事件，往往只是主句动作发生的背景或条件时，是一个次要的时间说明，常常翻译成“随着”之意，短语as time went by随着时间的推移，句首首字母大写。故填As。75句意：之后，古希腊人用他们的数学和科学知识制作地图。根据音标以及and之后连接的science科学，可知此处填写学科math数学。故填math。76句意：希腊地图告诉我们，希腊人知道地球是圆的。know：知道，了解；根据前文“anc

69、ient Greeks used their knowledge”希腊人制作地图发生在过去，明白地球是圆的这个事实也是在过去，所以用一般过去时，know的过去式是knew。故填knew。77句意：在20世纪，全世界的人们开始分享信息，制作更好的地图。good：好的；此处人们制作的地图需要和古人的地图作比较，在科技更发达，知识更加共享的时代，制作出的地图应该是更好的，good的比较极是better。故填better。78句意：在高空以及太空拍照技术的帮助下，地图比之前制作得更加精确。根据横线后的单词提示此处考查短语with the help of sth./sb.在某物/某人的帮助下，所以横线处

70、填介词with。故填with。79句意：世界总是在变化，我们总是需要新的地图。在情态动词will后，以及宾语new maps前，需要填谓语动词，根据音标，填need。故填need。80句意：地图一般会讲明那些图标代表着什么。usual：通常的，形容词；tells是谓语动词，需要用副词来修饰它，所以usual变成usually。故填usually。81句意：公路地图会帮助你了解从一个地方到另一个地方的距离。distance名词，其后有后置修饰语from one place to another，所以表示特指，需要加冠词the，所以横线处填定冠词the。故填the。82句意：其他地图可能用图片来展

71、示不同地区的温度和人口。temperature是名词，and连接前后词性一样的词，所以横线处也是名词，根据音标可知此处应填population人口。故填population。83actually84scarf85during86Stories87against88sent89instead90thick91For92achievements【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了关于“巾帼”的含义和历史故事。83句意：但是它实际意义上指什么呢？actual：实际的，真实的，形容词；谓语动词mean提示此处用副词形式来修饰它，所以加-ly。故答案为actually。84句意：那是中国古代

72、的一种头巾或者头套。根据音标以及后文head wrap“头套”提示是单词scarf“头巾，围巾”。故答案为scarf。85句意：三国时期非常有名的一个政治家。根据音标以及后文连接的“三国时期”这个时间可知，此处填的是时间介词during。故答案为during。86句意：故事说有一次发起对魏国的战争。story：故事，可数名词，根据谓语动词say可知是用复数形式，所以story变成stories，句首首字母大写。故答案为Stories。87句意：故事说有一次发起对魏国的战争。本句主谓宾结构完整，横线后是一个国名，发起对某国的战争，用介词against与斗争，对抗。故答案为against。88句意

73、：之后诸葛亮送巾帼给司马懿作为一种羞辱。send送，动词；从这个故事可知是发生在过去，用一般过去时，send的过去式是sent。故答案为sent。89句意：这之后，人们开始用巾帼来指代女人，但是是作为一种褒奖。根据上一段关于巾帼的史实以及as a form of praise可知，这两种说法是相反的，根据后文“巾帼不让须眉”，可知后者的褒奖用法代替了前面的用法，所以用副词instead代替。故答案为instead。90句意：须眉指代男人，因为男人通常有浓密的胡子和眉毛。根据音标以及后文名词beards and eyebrows胡子和眉毛，可知此空用形容词thick厚的，浓密的。故答案为thic

74、k。91句意：例如，花木兰和穆桂英是中国古代众所周知的巾帼英雄。根据后文example提示可知此处考查短语for example例如，举个例子，句首首字母大写。故答案为For。92句意：它可以用来指代取得重大成就的杰出女性。achieve：实现，达到，动词，形容词great提示横线处用名词，所以achieve转换为achievement，可数名词，前面无冠词，加-s。故答案为achievements。93long94vegetables95until96sell97visit98created99of100around101eats102biggest【解析】【分析】本文介绍了披萨的历史。93

75、句意：披萨有很长的历史。此空为形容词作定语修饰名词，根据音标可知，long表示“长的”。故填long。94句意：古希腊人首次想到把蔬菜放到面包片上的主意vegetable名词蔬菜，此处表示多种种类的蔬菜，用复数形式。故填vegetables。95句意：但是几个世纪以来，一个重要的配料消失了第一个西红柿直到十六世纪才从南美到欧洲。notuntil固定短语，表示“直到才”。故填until。96句意：在19世纪，Rafaela Esposito一个来自那不勒斯的面包师，开始出售第一个现代的披萨。begin to do sth.开始做某事，此空为动词原形，根据音标可知，此空为sell出售。故填sell

76、。97句意：1889年意大利的国王和王后要求他做一个用于观赏的特殊披萨。a后接可数名词单数，visit有名词词性，表示“参观”。故填visit。98句意：因此第一个披萨Margarita被创造出来了，它以皇后的名字命名。主语the first pizza Margarita与create之间是被动关系，因此用被动语态。create的过去分词为created。故填created。99句意：在意大利披萨成为最受欢迎的菜肴，但是披萨真正成为国际性的菜肴是在二战以后，当成千上万的美国士兵从欧洲回家时。thousand千，前面有具体数字，用单数形式，没有具体数字，表示概数，用复数形式，且后加of。故填of。100句意：很快全美国出现了披萨餐厅，美国的连锁店像必胜客在全世界范围内传播这个理念。表示全世界范围，用介词around。故填around。101句意：今天每个美国人一年会吃掉超过10公斤的披萨根据today可知，此句时态是一般现在时。主语each American，谓语动词用第三人称单数形式eats。故填eats。102句意：世界上最大的披萨是在古巴制作的，而不是意大利！根据句意可知，此处是形容词最高级，前面有所有格时，不加定冠词the。big的最高级为biggest。故填biggest。