专题74 女航天员王亚平与中国航天人-备战2022中考英语阅读理解热点话题 体裁分类训练（中考真题 各地模拟题）.docx

1、备战2022中考英语阅读理解热点话题+体裁分类训练(中考真题+各地模拟题)专题74 女航天员王亚平与中国航天人（2022重庆南开中学一模）Wang Yaping, 41, became Chinas first female spacewalker on Nov. 7th evening when she took part in the Shenzhou XIII missions first extravehicular activity (舱外活动) with Zhai Zhigang.The extravehicular operation began at 6:51 p.m. whe

2、n Zhai opened a gate. By midnight, they had climbed up the stations robotic arm and used it to practice extravehicular activity and rescue operations with Ye Guangfu remaining inside the station to control and support the spacewalk.The spacewalk was expected to further check the robotic arms capabil

3、ities (能力), examine the safety and performance of support devices (设施) in an extravehicular task and test a new type of extravehicular suit, because they would have one or two more spacewalks in the coming months.A native of Shandong province and mother of a 5-year-old girl, Wang Yaping joined the P

4、eoples Liberation Army Air Force in August 1997. In March 2012, she was part of the backup crew (后备人员) for the Shenzhou IX mission, and in June 2013, she took part in the Shenzhou X mission, which lasted nearly 15 days. She is the second Chinese woman to have flown in space.During the Shenzhou X fli

5、ght, Wang gave Chinas first space-based lecture inside the Tiangong I experimental module to more than 60 million Chinese students at about 80,000 schools across the country. Many students were encouraged after watching Wangs lecture. , they should experience a lot of pain that most people cant stan

6、d and keep training all the time.She is such a great woman that people call her “the most beautiful astronaut”. Wish her together with the other astronauts to return safely in a few months.1There are _ astronauts in the Shenzhou XIII mission.AtwoBthreeCfourDfive2According to the passage we can know

7、that _.AWang and Ye went out of the spaceship on Nov. 7th eveningBThe extravehicular activity was for several reasonsCWang Yaping is the second woman to have flown in spaceDWang gave a space-based lecture during the Shenzhou XI flight3Which of the following sentences can be put in the “”?AHowever, t

8、o become an astronaut is not easyBBecause to give a lecture in space is coolCSo they want to become astronauts in the futureDThough they may know nothing about space4The best structure of this passage may be _.ABCD（2022湖南长沙市北雅中学一模）Waving (向挥手) her 5-year-old daughter goodbye, Wang Yaping, together w

9、ith Zhai Zhigang and Ye Guangfu, went into space aboard the Shenzhou XIII on Oct. 16.The 41-year-old Wang became the first female astronaut to enter Tiangong space station. During their six-month stay, Wang, alongside Zhai and Ye, will do experiments and set up robotic arms. Wang will also do the fi

10、rst spacewalk by a Chinese woman, reported Xinhua. Wangs space dream started in 2003, when China sent its first astronaut Yang Liwei into space. She told herself, “China now has a male astronaut. When will there be a female one?” At that time, Wang was a pilot in the Chinese army.After having safe f

11、lights for 1,600 hours over nine years, Wang was a strong candidate to become an astronaut in 2010. She pushed herself hard, getting the same training as men, including the pull-ups (引体向上) and barbells (杠铃). “The space environment wont change because you are a woman,” she told Xinhua.The hardest par

12、t is the high-G training. Sitting in a spinning (旋转的) machine, Wang would become blind for a while because her brain was short of blood. “Theres a red button (按钮),” said Wang. “If you cant bear it, you can press it to stop.” But Wang never used it. “There is no such red button in my heart.”That stro

13、ng spirit finally led to realizing her dream in 2013. She joined the team for the Shenzhou X mission (任务).Wang said that as astronauts, women have their own advantages. “Women tend (倾向于) to be more patient and can better deal with loneliness. Womens hearts are also easier to adapt to the weightless

14、(失重的) environment, making them more suitable for long-term missions.”Retired NASA astronaut Catherine Coleman sent a greeting to Wang before the Shenzhou XIII trip. Coleman said, “When you look out the window and see the stars and the earth, billions of women will be looking out that window with you

15、.” Wang carries the spirit of every young woman who dreams of something big.5Wang wont _ during the six-month space stay.Ado experimentsBset up robotic armsClook after her daughter6Which of the following is NOT TRUE according to the passage?AWang had few difficulties in the training.BWang is the fir

16、st female astronaut to do the spacewalk in China.CAccording to Coleman, Wang sets an example for women.7According to the passage, the underlined word “candidate” in Paragraph 3 means _.A候选人B参赛者C考生8According to Wang, a female astronaut has advantages of _.a. more patienceb. less weightc. more problem

17、-solving skillsd. better ability to deal with lonelinessAadBcdCbc9Whats the best title of the passage?ALong-term Space MissionsBThe Space DreamCTiangong Space Station（2021江苏无锡九年级期末）On Nov 8, Wang Yaping, a female taikonaut of Shenzhou XIII mission, became Chinas first and the worlds 16th female spac

18、e walker. The expected six-month journey in space has left many curious about the differences between male and female astronauts, especially in terms of performing extravehicular (舱外的) activities (EVAs). Despite (即使) physical challenges, female astronauts have unique (独一无二的) advantages. Understandin

19、g between astronauts is very important for carrying out EVAs, which is based on excellent communication skills. Women are superior (更好的) in communication and language expression, and this helps female astronauts do extravehicular activities, according to Yang Yuguang, vice chair of Space Transportat

20、ion Committee of the International Astronautical Federation.Men and women are different in body size, which also gives women unique advantages for spacewalks. “Their generally smaller size is an advantage, as women will be able to control their weight better and perform a wider variety of tasks,” Pa

21、ng told China Daily.Women in general weigh less, eat less food, consume less oxygen (氧气), and therefore required less fuel (燃料) to get into space. A taikonaut must weigh between 55 kilograms and 70 kilograms to fit in the cabin of spacecraft and consume less fuel, according to CGIN. A different body

22、 shape requires a different spacesuit. A tailor-made spacesuit was prepared for Wangs extravehicular activities, which was lighter than the males. Designers optimized the pattern of this spacesuit in the lower limb (下肢) area to make it more suitable for astronauts with slimmer figures.According to P

23、ang, many studies have found that female astronauts are more suitable for space missions, and have advantages over male astronauts in qualities such as attention to detail and thinking comprehensively (全面地).Men tend to excel in shorter-term, goal-oriented (目标导向的) situations while women are better in

24、 longer-term habitation-type (居住类) circumstances, according to National Geographic.Womens participation in EVAs is an integral (不可缺少的) part of space missions, and we are witnessing history thanks to Wangs bravery, according to Yang.10What do we know about Wangs extravehicular activities?AShe is the

25、first ever female space walker.BThe mission was planned to show gender equality.CShe performed some tasks that her male partners couldnt do.DThe spacesuit she wore was specially designed.11What does the underlined word “optimize” mean in this passage?Amake something betterBmake something worseCmake

26、something colourfulDmake something colourless12Which of the following is an advantage females have over male astronauts?AFemales have better communication skills.BFemales deal with goal-oriented situations better than males.CFemale bodies are stronger and more flexible.DFemales can adapt to space mo

27、re quickly.13Whats the main idea of the article?AThe challenges female astronauts face during a spacewalk.BThe importance of females doing extravehicular activities.CThe advantages of females doing extravehicular activities.DThe preparations for the females to carry out space mission.（2022安徽滁州一模）Wan

28、g Yaping, 42, became Chinas first female (女性的) spacewalker on the evening of Nov. 7th when she took part in the Shenzhou XIII missions first extravehicular activity (舱外活动) with Zhai Zhigang.The extravehicular activity began at 6:51 p.m. when Zhai opened a gate. By midnight, they had climbed up the s

29、tations robotic arm and used it to practice extravehicular activity, with Ye Guangfu remaining inside the station to control and support the spacewalk.The spacewalk was expected to further check the robotic arms abilities, inspect the safety and performance of support devices (设备) in an extravehicul

30、ar task and test a new type of extravehicular clothes, because they would have one or two more spacewalks in the coming months.As a native of Shandong Province and mother of a 6-year-old girl, Wang joined the Chinese Peoples Liberation Army Air Force in August 1997. In June 2013, she took part in th

31、e Shenzhou X mission, which lasted nearly 15 days. She is the second Chinese woman to have flown in space.During the Shenzhou X fight, Wang gave Chinas first space-based class inside the Tiangong-I to more than 60 million Chinese students across the country. Many students were encouraged after watch

32、ing Wangs class. However, _.They have to experience a lot of pain that most people cant stand and keep training all the time.She is such a great woman that people call her “the most beautiful astronaut”.14What does the underlined word “inspect” in Paragraph 3 mean in Chinese?A训练B检查C经历D购买15What purpo

33、se isnt included in the extravehicular task?ATo check the robotic arms abilities.BTo climb up the stations robotic arm.CTo examine the safety of support devices.DTo test a new type of extravehicular clothes.16Which of the following can be put into the “_”?Ait is not easy to be an astronautBto give a

34、 class in space is coolCstudents may know nothing about spaceDstudents promise to be astronauts in the future17What can we learn about Wang Yaping from the test?AWang is Chinas first spacewalker to experience an extravehicular activity.BWang took part in the Shenzhou X mission in August 1997.CWang g

35、ave a space-based class inside the Tiangong-I in 2013.DWang took part in the Shenzhou XIII mission by herself.（2022广东珠海市文园中学一模）Three Chinese astronauts Wang Yaping, Zhai Zhigang and Ye Guangfu gave a space lecture on Dec. 9th 2021“Hello, everyone! Welcome to Tiangong Class.” With this greeting, a sp

36、ecial lecture began on Tiangong space station about 400 kilometers above Earth on Dec. 9th 2021.Lasting for about an hour, the space lecture was broadcast live to millions of students. Three astronauts from the Shenzhou XIII crew hosted the lecture, introducing how they live and work on the space st

37、ation and doing some interesting experiments that can only be done in space.This is the second live space lecture in China. In 2013, with the assistance of two other Shenzhou X crew members, Wang hosted the countrys first live space lecture to over 60 million schoolchildren across China.More space t

38、o teachCompared with the class eight years ago, this years space lecture is greatly different. The “classroom” is bigger. Instead of Tiangong I experimental module(实验舱), this year Wang had the space lecture in the Tianhe space core module(核心舱), which is the biggest spacecraft developed by China.Tech

39、nological developmentThe quality of space to ground communication is also much improved.The space lecture eight years ago sometimes faced the challenges of the video freezing and an unclear picture, but this years lecture is different.With the help of Chinas Tianlian satellites, the transmission(传输)

40、 speed has been highly increased and the whole live broadcast has run smoothly. These changes show that Chinese aerospace industry has made great progress in the past eight years.More coursesAlong with the technological progress, this years space lecture discussed more areas in science. Eight years

41、ago, students could watch the interesting phenomenon of weightlessness in space on TV. But this year, biology was added.Though these space lectures showed various topics, the aim behind the lectures has never changed. The space lectures aim to “spread knowledge about manned spaceflights and light up

42、 the interests for science among young people”. The spirit of science in the youth is an important driver of the progress of mankind. The space lecture makes young Chinese people take pride in our country as they see the rapid development of our space technology.18How far is Tiangong space station f

43、rom the earth?A2400 kilometersB1800 kilometersC400 kilometersD600 kilometers19Who gave the space lecture on Dec 9th 2021?AWang Yaping, Zhai Zhigang and Ye GuangfuBWang Yaping, Yang Liwei and Liu yangCWang Yaping, Zhai Zhigang and Yang LiweiDWang Yaping, Zhai Zhigang and Nie Haisheng20Which of the fo

44、llowing is false according to the passage?AThe spacecraft where the astronauts gave the lecture on December 9th, 2021 is bigger than before.BWe could watch the whole live broadcast clearly on December 9th, 2021 because of technological development.CChinese aerospace industry has achieved a lot in th

45、e past eight years.DWe can learn as much knowledge as before from the space lecture.21Whats the meaning of the underlined word “phenomenon”?A原理B数据C现象D表演22What can we learn from the passage?AThe space lecture can not attract young people to study science.BThe purpose of the space lecture is to spread

46、 knowledge about manned spaceflights.CAll people in the world will be proud of being Chinese when they know the success of our countrys space technology.DWang Yaping hosted the countrys first live space lecture for the first time on December 9th 2021.（2022山东济南一模）“Hello, everyone! Welcome to Tiangong

47、 Class.” A special lecture began on Tiangong space station about 400 kilometers above Earth on Dec. 9, 2021. Lasting for about an hour, the space lecture was given to millions of students. Three astronauts, Zhai Zhigang, Wang Yaping and Ye Guangfu showed how they live and work on the space station a

48、nd did some interesting experiments. This space lecture was greatly different from the one 8 years before. The “classroom” was bigger. It was Chinas first extraterrestrial (地球外的) lecture series.Plants in space The lab of the space station has many conditions that the Earth lab does not have, such as

49、 the weightless environment. The important jobs for astronauts included cell (细胞) observation and “feeding” plant life. In the lecture, Ye showed experiments about cell growth in a weightless environment. As early as 2016, Chinese scientists tried to grow rice on the Tiangong II space lab to study h

50、ow plants grow without an Earth-like environment.Use it or lose it The human body grows with the pull of Earths gravity (重力). But in space, our bones and muscles (肌肉) dont need to support our bodys weight. This will cause bone and muscle loss. Astronauts can lose up to 20 percent of their muscles af

51、ter a couple of weeks. That is dangerous for astronauts because they will be too weak to work.Astronauts have different ways to precent this. Zhai introduced a special uniform called “penguin suit”. Wearing it, astronauts use their muscles to stretch the bands in it. This keeps their muscles strong.

52、 Wang also showed students how she walked on a machine, and rode a bicycle. Astronauts exercise like that every day to prevent muscle loss.Young voices -Students were really interested in the lecture. A 13-year-old boy from Tianjin said, “The most exciting thing I learned is that astronauts “fly” al

53、l the time because there is no gravity.”Yin Peixin, an 11-year-old girl from Hubei said, “My favorite experiment is the one with the table tennis ball. Wang put the ball into a glass of water, but the ball didnt float (漂浮). This was so magical!”Look! It was an eye-opening experience that would light

54、 up students interest in science, wasnt it?23What do we know about the 2021 space lecture from Paragraph 1?AIt was similar to the one 8 years before.BIt took place half a year ago.CIt showed astronauts life and work.DIt was given in a smaller classroom.24From Paragraph 2, what did Ye want to show th

55、e students?AHow cell grows on the space station.BHow rice is grown on the Tiangong lab.CHow to better grow space plants.DHow to study the rules of plant growth.25What does the part “Use it or lose it” mainly talk about?AThe reasons for muscle loss.BMuscle loss in space and ways to stop it.CThe neces

56、sity of daily exercise.DThe advantages of “penguin suit”.26According to the article, which is NOT TRUE about the 2021 space lecture?AThe influence is far more than one hour.BIt showed the differences without gravity.CIt interested the kids with the experiments.DIt first introduced plant growth in sp

57、ace.27Whats the writers purpose of writing this article?ATo light up peoples interest in space experiments.BTo explain the importance of studying plants in space.CTo introduce the space lecture by Chinese astronauts.DTo make scientific knowledge popular among readers.（2022重庆南开中学一模）Wang Yaping, toget

58、her with Zhai Zhigang and Ye Guangfu, went into space aboard the Shenzhou XIII on October 16th, 2021. The 41-year-old Wang became the first Chinese female astronaut（女航天员）to enter Tiangong space station.Wangs space dream started in 2003, when China sent its first astronaut Yang Liwei into space. At t

59、hat time, Wang was a pilot in the Chinese army. After having safe flights for 1,600 hours over nine years, Wang was a strong candidate（候选人）to become an astronaut in 2010. She pushed herself hard, getting the same training as men. “The space environment wont change because you are a woman,” she told

60、Xinhua.The hardest part is the high-G training. Sitting in a spinning（旋转的）machine, Wang would become blind for a while because her brain was short of blood. “Theres a red button（按钮）”, said Wang. “If you cant stand it, you can press it to stop.” But Wang never used it. “There is no such red button in

61、 my heart.” That strong spirit finally made her dream come true in 2013. She joined the team for the Shenzhou X mission（任务）.Wang said that as astronauts, women have their own advantages（优势）. “Women may be more patient and can better deal with loneliness. Womens hearts are also easier to adapt to the

62、 weightless environment, making them more suitable for long-term missions.”Wang Yaping went a long way before becoming the first woman to enter the Tiangong space station. She sets a good example for all women who dream of going to space.28Wangs words mean _ in Paragraph 2.AThe space environment is

63、easy to change.BOnly men can go to space station in the world.CBoth male and female astronauts can go to space.DMen and women will face the same difficulties in space.29The underlined word “adapt” in the fourth paragraph probably means _ .A合适B改编C适应D接受30Which of the following is TRUE?AWang is the fir

64、st female astronaut in the world.BWang dreamed of being an astronaut in 2003.CIt was a short time before Wang made her dream come true.DWang pressed the red button when she became blind after the high-G training.31What advantages does a female astronaut have according to Wang?a. More patience.b. Les

65、s weight.c. More problem-solving skills.d. Better ability to deal with loneliness.AadBabCbcDbd（2022广东红岭中学八年级期末）Wang Yaping, together with Zhai Zhigang and Ye Guangfu, went into space aboard the Shenzhou XIII on October 16th. The 41-year-old Wang became the first female astronaut (女航天员) to enter Tian

66、gong space station.Wangs space dream started in 2003, when China sent its first astronaut Yang Liwei into space. At that time, Wang was a pilot in the Chinese army. After having safe flights for 1,600 hours over nine years, Wang was a strong candidate to become an astronaut in 2010. She pushed herse

67、lf hard, getting the same training as men. “The space environment wont change because you are a woman,” she told Xinbua.The hardest part is the high-G training. Sitting in a spinning (旋转的) machine, Wang would become blind for a while because her brain was short of blood. “Theres a red button (按钮), s

68、aid Wang.” If you cant bear it, you can press it to stop.” But Wang never used it. “There is no such red button in my heart.” That strong spirit finally made her dream come true in 2013. She joined the team for the Shenzhou X mission.Wang said that as astronauts, women have their own advantages (优势)

69、. “Women may be more patient and can better deal with loneliness. Womens hearts are also easier to adapt (适应) to the weightless environment, making them more suitable for long-term missions.”Wang Yaping went a long way before becoming the first woman to enter the Tiangong space station. She sets a g

70、ood example for all women who dream of going to space.32What do Wangs words mean in Paragraph 2?AThe space environment is easy to change.BOnly men can go to space.CMen and women will face the same difficulties in space.DBoth male and female astronauts can go to space.33What does the underlined word

71、candidate in the second paragraph probably mean?A成员B伙伴C候选人D飞行员34Which of the following is TRUE?AWang is the first female astronaut in the world.BWang dreamed of being an astronaut in 2003.CIt was a short time before Wang made her dream come true.DWang pressed the red button when she became blind aft

72、er the high-G training.35What advantages does a female astronaut have according to Wang? a. More patience.b. Less weight.c. More problem-solving skills.d. Better ability to deal with loneliness.AadBabCbcDbd36What can we learn from Wangs story?ANever too old to learn.BWell begun is half done.COld hab

73、its die hard.DNothing is difficult if you put your heart into it.（2022辽宁沈阳七年级期末）“I feel great!” said Wang Yaping when she came out of the Tiangong space station, waving back to Earth. On Nov. 7, the 41-year-old made history. She became Chinas first woman space-walker! Wang, together with astronaut (

74、宇航员) Zhai Zhigang did a 6.5-hour spacewalk. Since 1984, only 16 women(including Wang) around the world have ever done spacewalks, according to Global Times. But woman space-walkers are very important to space. “Humans may live on other planets someday. If we dont let women take part in this, we cant

75、 prepare well. We need to study how womens bodies change in space. Thats why Wangs spacewalk is important,” a scientist told Global Times. Women are more patient and careful. Women can better deal with loneliness. Women have better skills to talk with others. Its easier for womens hearts to work wel

76、l in the environment without gravity. So its easier for them to stay longer in space.37How did Wang Yaping feel when she walked out of the station?ACold.BTired.CGreat.DWorried.38What can we learn about the spacewalk on Nov. 7?AIt was the worlds first woman spacewalk.BIt lasted for more than 6 hours.

77、CWang Yaping did the spacewalk alone.DIt made Wang Yaping very sick.39Women astronauts help us _.Alive better on EarthBknow more about men astronautsCbetter prepare for the future lifeDstudy how men astronauts bodies change in space40What is the last paragraph (段落) mainly about?AWhy Wangs spacewalk

78、is important.BWhen humans can live on other planets.CWhy astronauts do spacewalks.DHow woman bodies change in space.（2021山东青岛九年级期末）Chinese astronauts Zhai Zhigang, Wang Yaping and Ye Guangfu gave a science lecture(讲座) from Chinas space station to students on Earth on December 9th, 2021. The class be

79、gan at 3:40 p.m., with a total of 1,420 students attending the lecture from five classrooms across China. The primary classroom is in China Science and Technology Museum. Classrooms have also been set up in Nanning, Wenchuan, Hong Kong and Macao. Tens of millions of students across China watched the

80、 hour long televised event.Shenzhou-13 members gave the students a tour of the living and working areas of the space station. They showed the students how to increase their strength with their exercise equipment(设备), introduced a specially designed spacesuit and performed experiments. Ye, who is on

81、his first spaceflight, showed how he moved in the weightless environment. They also answered questions from students during the lecture.It was the first lecture of the Tiangong Class. More lectures will be held and presented by Chinese astronauts. Such activities are held to spread knowledge and enc

82、ourage a love for science among young people.Shi Yi, a physics teacher in Beijing, said the space lecture was an eye-opening experience that would ignite(点燃) students interest in science.Wang Yihan, a fifth-grade student, said, “The experiments really surprised me. I have great interest in spaceflig

83、ht and would like to take part in our countrys space program in the future.”Vincent Wong, headmaster of Hong Kongs Pui Kiu College, said the event gave Hong Kong students an opportunity to communicate with the astronauts. “It also helped to strengthen their national identity(认同) as they saw the rapi

84、d development of our countrys space technology,” he said.41The astronauts held the live class _.Aat the television stationBin five classrooms across ChinaCon Chinas space stationDin China Science and Technology Museum42What can we know about the astronauts from the second paragraph?AThey design a sp

85、ecial spacesuit.BThey take exercise to lose weight.CThey are in space for the first time.DThey show how they live and work.43The underlined word “presented” in paragraph 3 means _.AgivenBdrivenCgiftedDwatched44Why does the writer mention the three viewers in the last three paragraphs?ATo spread know

86、ledge to readers.BTo show that the class is meaningful.CTo voice viewers different ideas.DTo explain why viewers attend the class.45Where is the passage probably from?AA science fiction.BA history book.CAn art magazine.DA news website.参考答案：1B2C3A4D【解析】【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了中国女宇航员王亚平的故事。1细节理解题。根据“when sh

87、e took part in the Shenzhou XIII missions first extravehicular activity (舱外活动) with Zhai Zhigang.”以及“rescue operations with Ye Guangfu remaining inside the station to control and support the spacewalk.”可知，王亚平与翟志刚一起参加神舟十三号任务的首次舱外活动，叶光富留在空间站内控制和支持太空行走。可推知，神舟十三号任务中有3名宇航员。故选B。2细节理解题。根据“She is the second

88、 Chinese woman to have flown in space.”可知，王亚平是第二位在太空飞行的女性。故选C。3推理判断题。根据“they should experience a lot of pain that most people cant stand and keep training all the time.”可知，此处是说他们应该经历很多大多数人无法忍受的痛苦，并一直坚持训练。可推知，此处是说宇航员的不易之处，A项“要成为一名宇航员是不容易的”符合题意。故选A。4篇章结构题。根据文章结构分析，可知第一段讲了事件的背景信息；第二、三段讲了事件内容；第四、五段讲了王亚平

89、的经历；第六段讲了人们对王亚平的评价以及愿望，是结尾。所以结构图D符合题意。故选D。5C6A7A8A9B【解析】【导语】本文主要介绍了第一位女性宇航员王亚平背后的艰辛以及给所有女性树立了榜样。5细节理解题。根据“During their six-month stay, Wang, alongside Zhai and Ye, will do experiments and set up robotic arms. Wang will also do the first spacewalk by a Chinese woman, reported Xinhua.”可知，在这六个月里，她要做实验、

90、设置机械手臂，还将进行第一次太空行走，没有提到“照顾女儿”。故选C。6细节理解题。根据第三、四段可知王亚平经历了艰苦的驯良，A项“王在训练中没有遇到什么困难。”说法错误。故选A。7词义猜测题。根据“After having safe flights for 1,600 hours over nine years,”和“to become an astronaut”可知，此处指成为宇航员候选人，划线单词表示“候选人”。故选A。8细节理解题。根据“Women tend to be more patient and can better deal with loneliness. Womens he

91、arts are also easier to adapt to the weightless environment, making them more suitable for long-term missions.”可知，女性往往更有耐心，能更好地应对孤独。女性的心脏也更容易适应失重环境，更适合长期任务。故选A。9最佳标题题。本文主要讲述了第一位女性宇航员王亚平追寻太空梦想背后的艰辛历程，B项“太空梦”符合主旨，故选B。10D11A12A13C【解析】【导语】本文通过中国女性宇航员王亚平进行太空舱外活动，介绍女性宇航员进行太空活动的优势。10推理判断题。根据“A tailor-made

92、spacesuit was prepared for Wangs extravehicular activities, which was lighter than the males. Designers optimized the pattern of this spacesuit in the lower limb (下肢) area to make it more suitable for astronauts with slimmer figures.”可知，王亚平穿的太空服是专门为她设计的，故选D。11词义猜测题。根据“to make it more suitable for as

93、tronauts with slimmer figures.”可知，使太空服更适合身材苗条的宇航员，因此是优化了太空服。故选A。12推理判断题。根据“Understanding between astronauts is very important for carrying out EVAs, which is based on excellent communication skills. Women are superior (更好的) in communication and language expression, and this helps female astronauts d

94、o extravehicular activities,”可知，女性宇航员有更好的沟通和语言表达能力，这是女性宇航员比男性宇航员优越的地方，故选A。13主旨大意题。根据“The expected six-month journey in space has left many curious about the differences between male and female astronauts, especially in terms of performing extravehicular (舱外的) activities (EVAs). Despite (即使) physical

95、 challenges, female astronauts have unique (独一无二的) advantages.”可知，本文主要介绍了女性宇航员进行太空舱外活动的优势，故选C。14B15B16A17C【解析】【导语】本文主要介绍了中国宇航员王亚平的故事。14词义猜测题。根据“The spacewalk was expected to further check the robotic arms abilities, inspect the safety and performance of support devices (设备) in an extravehicular task

96、 and test a new type of extravehicular clothes”可知，太空行走的其中一个任务就是检查舱外任务中支持设备的安全性和性能，所以inspect表示“检查”，故选B。15细节理解题。根据“The spacewalk was expected to further check the robotic arms abilities, inspect the safety and performance of support devices (设备) in an extravehicular task and test a new type of extrave

97、hicular clothes”可知，此次舱外活动主要有以下几项任务：检查机械臂的能力；检查支持性设备在舱外活动任务中的安全性和性能；测试一种新型舱外航天服的性能，“攀爬空间站的机械臂”不包括在内，故选B。16推理判断题。根据空格后“They have to experience a lot of pain that most people cant stand and keep training all the time”可知，此处是说宇航员的不易之处，故选A。17细节理解题。根据“In June 2013, she took part in the Shenzhou X mission,

98、which lasted nearly 15 days”“During the Shenzhou X fight, Wang gave Chinas first space-based class inside the Tiangong-I to more than 60 million Chinese students across the country”可知，王亚平在天宫一号进行的太空授课是在神州十号飞行任务期间，时间是2013年，故选C。18C19A20D21C22B【解析】【导语】本文向我们介绍三位宇航员王亚平、翟志刚和叶光富在2021年12月9日进行了太空演讲，太空讲座让中国的年轻

99、人为我们的国家感到骄傲，因为他们看到了我们太空技术的快速发展。18细节理解题。根据“a special lecture began on Tiangong space station about 400 kilometers above Earth”可知，天宫空间站距地球400公里，故选C。19细节理解题。根据“Three Chinese astronauts Wang Yaping, Zhai Zhigang and Ye Guangfu gave a space lecture on Dec. 9th 2021”可知，王亚平、翟志刚和叶光富进行太空演讲，故选A。20推理判断题。根据“Com

100、pared with the class eight years ago, this years space lecture is greatly different.”可知，与8年前的课堂相比，今年的太空讲座有很大的不同，所以“我们可以从太空讲座中学到和以前一样多的知识”表述错误，故选D。21词句猜测题。根据“Eight years ago, students could watch the interesting phenomenon of weightlessness in space on TV.”可知，八年前，学生们可以在电视上看到太空中失重的有趣现象。此处phenomenon的意思

101、是“现象”，故选C。22推理判断题。根据“The space lectures aim to spread knowledge about manned spaceflights and light up the interests for science among young people.”可知，太空讲座旨在“传播载人航天知识，激发年轻人对科学的兴趣”。故选B。23C24A25B26D27C【解析】【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了中国宇航员在地球上空400千米的地方举行的太空讲座。23细节理解题。根据文中第一段“Three astronauts, Zhai Zhigang, Wang

102、 Yaping and Ye Guangfu showed how they live and work on the space station and did some interesting experiments.”可知， 2021太空讲座的内容是展示了宇航员的生活和工作。故选C。24细节理解题。根据文中第二段“In the lecture, Ye showed experiments about cell growth in a weightless environment.”可知，叶想向学生们展示细胞是如何在太空站生长的。故选A。25主旨大意题。根据文中“But in space,

103、 our bones and muscles dont need to support our bodys weight. This will cause bone and muscle loss. Astronauts can lose up to 20 percent of their muscles after a couple of weeks.和Astronauts have different ways to precent this. Zhai introduced a special uniform called “penguin suit”. Wearing it, astr

104、onauts use their muscles to stretch the bands in it. This keeps their muscles strong. Wang also showed students how she walked on a machine, and rode a bicycle.”可知，“Use it or lose it”部分主要谈论太空中的肌肉损失和阻止它的方法。故选B。26推理判断题。根据文中“As early as 2016, Chinese scientists tried to grow rice on the Tiangong II spa

105、ce lab to study how plants grow without an Earth-like environment.”可推理出，关于2021太空讲座是第一次将植物生长引入太空是错误的。故选D。27主旨大意题。通读全文可知，短文主要介绍了中国宇航员在地球上空400千米的地方举行的太空讲座，故推理出，作者写这篇文章的目的应是介绍中国宇航员的太空讲座。故选C。28D29C30B31A【解析】【导语】本文主要向我们介绍了女航天员王亚平的事迹以及女性航天员的一些优势。28推理判断题。根据“The space environment wont change because you are

106、a woman”可知，太空环境不会因为你是女人而改变，也就是说在太空中，男人和女人将面临同样的困难。故选D。29词句猜测题。根据“Womens hearts are also easier to adapt to the weightless environment, making them more suitable for long-term missions.”可知，女性的心脏更适合长期的任务，推出女性更容易适应失重环境，因此“adapt”意为“适应”。故选C。30细节理解题。根据“Wangs space dream started in 2003, when China sent it

107、s first astronaut Yang Liwei into space.”可知，王亚平在2003年梦想成为一名宇航员。故选B。31细节理解题。根据“Women may be more patient and can better deal with loneliness.”可知，女性更有耐心，面对孤独能处理地更好。故选A。32C33C34B35A36D【解析】【导语】本文介绍了第一位进入天宫空间站的女宇航员王亚平的情况。32推理判断题。根据“The space environment wont change because you are a woman”太空环境不会因为你是女性而改变

108、，由此说明，男性和女性在太空将面临同样的困难。故选C。33词义猜测题。根据“Wang was a strong candidate to become an astronaut in 2010”以及“She pushed herself hard, getting the same training as men”可知，她成为2010年宇航员的候选人，所以她努力练习，由此可知candidate表示“候选人”，故选C。34推理判断题。根据“Wangs space dream started in 2003, when China sent its first astronaut Yang Liw

109、ei into space”可知，王亚平的太空梦想始于2003年，B表述正确，故选B。35细节理解题。根据“Women may be more patient and can better deal with loneliness. Womens hearts are also easier to adapt (适应) to the weightless environment, making them more suitable for long-term missions”可知，作为宇航员，女性有自己的优势：女性可能更有耐心，能够更好地应对孤独。女性的心脏也更容易适应失重环境，使其更适合长

110、期任务。故选A。36推理判断题。根据“She sets a good example for all women who dream of going to space”以及整个文章的理解可知，王亚平通过自身的刻苦努力，经过多年的训练，终于圆了她的太空梦，从而告诉我们：世上无难事，只要肯攀登，故选D。37C38B39C40A【解析】【分析】本文主要讲述了宇航员王亚平返回地球后的感受，以及告知人们为什么她的太空行走很重要。37细节理解题。根据第一段“I feel great! said Wang Yaping when she came out of the Tiangong space sta

111、tion, ”可知，王亚平走出天宫空间站时，感觉很棒。故选C。38细节理解题。根据第二段“On Nov. 7, the 41-year-old made history. She became Chinas first woman space-walker.Zhai Zhigang did a 6. 5-hour spacewalk.”可知，11月7日，她和翟志刚一起完成了6.5小时的太空行走。故选B。39细节理解题。根据第二段“Humans may live on other planets someday. If we dont let women take part in this, w

112、e cant prepare well. ”可知，女宇航员可以帮助我们更好地为未来的生活做准备。故选C。40主旨大意题。根据第二段“ Thats why Wangs spacewalk is important,” a scientist told Global Times.”以及最后一段“Women are more patient and careful.So its easier for them to stay longer in space.”可知最后一段主要讲述了王亚平的太空行走非常的重要。故选A。41C42D43A44B45D【解析】【分析】本文主要讲述了翟志刚，王亚平，叶光富三

113、位宇航员在太空上实时授课，向学生展示如何使用运动器材增强力量，介绍了一套特别设计的宇航服，并进行了实验。展示了自己在失重环境中如何移动。他们还在讲座中回答了学生的问题，本文也分别介绍了学生和老师对这次讲座的评价。41细节理解题。根据“Chinese astronauts Zhai Zhigang, Wang Yaping and Ye Guangfu gave a science lecture(讲座) from Chinas space station to students on Earth on December 9th, 2021”可知，在中国空间站做了一个讲座，故选C。42主旨大意题

114、。根据“Shenzhou-13 members gave the students a tour of the living and working areas of the space station. They showed the students how to increase their strength with their exercise equipment”可知，他们展示了他们在太空是如何生活和工作的，故选D。43词义猜测题。根据“More lectures will be held and presented by Chinese astronauts”可知，中国宇航员还将

115、举办更多讲座，所以presented与given同义，故选A。44推理判断题。根据“said the space lecture was an eye-opening experience that would ignite(点燃) students interest in science”“The experiments really surprised me”以及“It also helped to strengthen their national identity(认同) as they saw the rapid development of our countrys space technology”可知，提到这三位观看者的感受是为了凸显这次讲座是很有意义的，故选B。45推理判断题。根据“Chinese astronauts Zhai Zhigang, Wang Yaping and Ye Guangfu gave a science lecture(讲座) from Chinas space station to students on Earth on December 9th, 2021”及全文的描述可知，本文主要讲述了翟志刚，王亚平，叶光富三位宇航员在太空上实时授课的情况，可能来自新闻网站，故选D。