专题十 主旨大意.docx

1、专题十主旨大意【考纲解读】 考点内容来源:1来源:1ZXXK考查方式来源:1ZXXK来源:Z*xx*k.Com20192019年浙江高考主旨大意题考次统计来源:Z*xx*k.Com2019.112019.62019.10主旨大意考纲要求考生能够理解文章或某段落的主要内容,能归纳文章要点,概括中心思想在阅读理解中以单项选择的方式考查310分析解读主旨大意题主要考查考生理解文章或特定的段落、概括大意的能力。它不仅考查考生的文章理解能力,也考查在理解文字的基础上的归纳、概括能力。【命题探究】例1(2019浙江11月,B) It􀆳s surprising how much simpl

2、e movements of the body can affect the way we think. Using expansive gestures with open arms makes us feel more powerful, crossing your arms makes you more determined and lying down can bring more insights(领悟).So if moving the body can have these effects, what about the clothes we wear? We􀆳

3、re all well aware of how dressing up in different ways can make us feel more attractive, sporty or professional, depending on the clothes we wear, but can the clothes actually change cognitive (认知的) performance or is it just a feeling?Adam and Galinsky tested the effect of simply wearing a white lab

4、 coat on people􀆳s powers of attention. The idea is that white coats are associated with scientists, who are in turn thought to have close attention to detail.What they found was that people wearing white coats performed better than those who weren􀆳t. Indeed, they made only half as

5、many errors as those wearing their own clothes on the Stroop Test (one way of measuring attention). The researchers call the effect “enclothed cognition,” suggesting that all manner of different clothes probably affect our cognition in many different ways.This opens the way for all sorts of clothes-

6、based experiments. Is the writer who wears a fedora more creative? Is the psychologist wearing little round glasses and smoking a cigar more insightful? Does a chef􀆳s hat make the resultant food taste better?From now on I will only be editing articles for PsyBlog while wearing a white coat

7、to help keep the typing error count low. Hopefully you will be doing your part by reading PsyBlog in a cap and gown(学位服). What is the main idea of the text?A.Body movements change the way people think.B.How people dress has an influence on their feelings.C.What people wear can affect their cognitive

8、 performance.D.People doing different jobs should wear different clothes.命题方法总结文章的主旨或中心思想,如例1。这类题目的题干经常会是:What is the main idea of the text? What is the text mainly about? 等。在选项的设置中,其中一项是正确的文章大意,如本题C项。干扰项中,其中有的选项可能是主题词错误,如本题A项和B项。A的主语是body movements而非本文的主旨“衣服穿着”。而B 项对象错误,其宾语是feelings而非recognition。而有

9、的选项则是完全偏离文章的主旨,如D项。解题指导1.阅读时关注整个文章,特别注意高频词。如本文中,高频词是“people wear” “their cognitive”。高频词对总结文章的主旨有非常重要的指导性。2.把握文章的结构和各段的段意。如果读完文章,对文章主旨不是很有把握,那么可以进一步明确文章的结构,对每一段的段意细化。如果各段的段意明确了,而且文章的结构也清楚了,那么对归纳整个文章的主旨就比较容易了。【例2】(2019课标全国,D)The Intelligent Transport team at Newcastle University have turned an electri

10、c car into a mobile laboratory named “DriveLAB” in order to understand the challenges faced by older drivers and to discover where the key stress points are.Research shows that giving up driving is one of the key reasons for a fall in health and well-being among older people, leading to them becomin

11、g more isolated(隔绝) and inactive. Led by Professor Phil Blythe, the Newcastle team are developing in-vehicle technologies for older drivers which they hope could help them to continue driving into later life.These include custom-made navigation(导航) tools, night vision systems and intelligent speed a

12、daptations. Phil Blythe explains:“For many older people, particularly those living alone or in the country, driving is important for preserving their independence, giving them the freedom to get out and about without having to rely on others.”“But we all have to accept that as we get older our react

13、ions slow down and this often results in people avoiding any potentially challenging driving conditions and losing confidence in their driving skills. The result is that people stop driving before they really need to.”Dr Amy Guo, the leading researcher on the older driver study, explains: “The Drive

14、LAB is helping us to understand what the key stress points and difficulties are for older drivers and how we might use technology to address these problems.”“For example, most of us would expect older drivers always go slower than everyone else but surprisingly, we found that in 30mph zones they str

15、uggled to keep at a constant speed and so were more likely to break the speed limit and be at risk of getting fined. We􀆳re looking at the benefits of systems which control their speed as a way of preventing that.”“We hope that our work will help with technological solutions(解决方案) to ensure

16、that older drivers stay safer behind the wheel.”What is the best title for the text?A.A New Model Electric CarB.A Solution to Traffic ProblemsC.Driving Services for EldersD.Keeping Older Drivers on the Road命题方法1.概括文章的标题,如例2。这类题目的设题主干通常都是What is the best title for the text?。其设题思路都是四个选项中有一个选项包含了文章的最关键

17、的核心词。如例2,其文章的中心就是研究人员为了理解老年司机面临的生活挑战和压力而进行的一项研究。他们想通过研究,找到一套切实可行的技术方案,以延长老年人的开车时间,确保他们的开车安全。所以,其核心词就是“老人”和“开车 ”,因此D项正确。其他选项或者核心词不全,如A和C,只有其中一项关键词;或者信息完全偏离,如B项。2.总结某一段落的中心思想。此类设题方式和总结文章的主旨和中心思想设题方法一致,只是它只关注文章的一段,而不是整个文章。解题指导对于best title的题目,解题的最佳方法是检查选项中的主要词汇是否是文章的核心词,是否包含了文章最关键的核心词。如本题,其关键词就是“老人”和“开车

18、 ”,因此选择C。命题规律主旨大意题命题比较稳定,一般一套题目中出现12个。其设题的方式基本在main idea和best title 之间轮换进行。【五年高考】第一组记叙文Passage 1(2019浙江,A)词数:326Benjamin West, the father of American painting, showed his talent for art when he was only six years of age. But he did not know about brushes before a visitor told him he needed one. In t

19、hose days, a brush was made from camel􀆳s hair. There were no camels nearby. Benjamin decided that cat hair would work instead. He cut some fur from the family cat to make a brush.The brush did not last long. Soon Benjamin needed more fur. Before long, the cat began to look ragged(蓬乱). His f

20、ather said that the cat must be sick. Benjamin was forced to admit what he had been doing.The cat􀆳s lot was about to improve. That year, one of Benjamin􀆳s cousins, Mr. Pennington, came to visit. He was impressed with Benjamin􀆳s drawings. When he went home, he sent Benjamin

21、 a box of paint and some brushes. He also sent six engravings(版画) by an artist. These were the first pictures and first real paint and brushes Benjamin had ever seen.In 1747, when Benjamin was nine years old, Mr. Pennington returned for another visit. He was amazed at what Benjamin had done with his

22、 gift. He asked Benjamin􀆳s parents if he might take the boy back to Philadelphia for a visit.In the city, Mr. Pennington gave Benjamin materials for creating oil paintings. The boy began a landscape(风景)painting. William Williams, a well-known painter, came to see him work. Williams was impr

23、essed with Benjamin and gave him two classic books on painting to take home. The books were long and dull. Benjamin could read only a little, having been a poor student. But he later said, “Those two books were my companions by day, and under my pillow at night.”While it is likely that he understood

24、 very little of the books, they were his introduction to classical paintings. The nine-year-old boy decided then that he would be an artist.1.What is the text mainly about?A.Benjamin􀆳s visit to Philadelphia.B.Williams􀆳 influence on Benjamin.C.The beginning of Benjamin􀆳s li

25、fe as an artist.D.The friendship between Benjamin and Pennington.2.What does the underlined sentence in paragraph 3 suggest?A.The cat would be closely watched.B.The cat would get some medical care.C.Benjamin would leave his home shortly.D.Benjamin would have real brushes soon.3.What did Pennington d

26、o to help Benjamin develop his talent?A.He took him to see painting exhibitions.B.He provided him with painting materials.C.He sent him to a school in Philadelphia.D.He taught him how to make engravings.4.Williams􀆳 two books helped Benjamin to .A.master the use of paintsB.appreciate landsca

27、pe paintingsC.get to know other paintersD.make up his mind to be a painter答案1.C2.D3.B4.DPassage 2(2019江苏,D)词数:590Not so long ago, most people didn􀆳t know who Shelly-Ann Fraser-Pryce was going to become. She was just an average high school athlete. There was every indication that she was jus

28、t another Jamaican teenager without much of a future. However, one person wanted to change this. Stephen Francis observed then eighteen-year-old Shelly-Ann at a track meet and was convinced that he had seen the beginnings of true greatness. Her times were not exactly impressive, but even so, he sens

29、ed there was something trying to get out, something the other coaches had overlooked when they had assessed her and found her lacking. He decided to offer Shelly-Ann a place in his very strict training sessions. Their cooperation quickly produced results, and a few years later at Jamaica􀆳s

30、Olympic trials in early 2019, Shelly-Ann, who at that time only ranked number 70 in the world, beat Jamaica􀆳s unchallenged queen of the sprint(短跑).“Where did she come from?” asked an astonished sprinting world, before concluding that she must be one of those one-hit wonders that spring up f

31、rom time to time, only to disappear again without signs. But Shelly-Ann was to prove that she was anything but a one-hit wonder. At the Beijing Olympics she swept away any doubts about her ability to perform consistently by becoming the first Jamaican woman ever to win the 100 metres Olympic gold. S

32、he did it again one year on at the World Championships in Berlin, becoming world champion with a time of 10.73the fourth fastest time ever.Shelly-Ann is a little woman with a big smile. She has a mental toughness that did not come about by chance. Her journey to becoming the fastest woman on earth h

33、as been anything but smooth and effortless. She grew up in one of Jamaica􀆳s toughest inner-city communities known as Waterhouse, where she lived in a one-room apartment, sleeping four in a bed with her mother and two brothers. Waterhouse, one of the poorest communities in Jamaica, is a real

34、ly violent and overpopulated place. Several of Shelly-Ann􀆳s friends and family were caught up in the killings; one of her cousins was shot dead only a few streets away from where she lived. Sometimes her family didn􀆳t have enough to eat. She ran at the school championships barefoot

35、ed because she couldn􀆳t afford shoes. Her mother Maxime, one of a family of fourteen, had been an athlete herself as a young girl but, like so many other girls in Waterhouse, had to stop after she had her first baby.Maxime􀆳s early entry into the adult world with its responsibilitie

36、s gave her the determination to ensure that her kids would not end up in Waterhouse􀆳s roundabout of poverty. One of the first things Maxime used to do with Shelly-Ann was taking her to the track, and she was ready to sacrifice everything.It didn􀆳t take long for Shelly-Ann to realiz

37、e that sports could be her way out of Waterhouse. On a summer evening in Beijing in 2019, all those long, hard hours of work and commitment finally bore fruit. The barefoot kid who just a few years previously had been living in poverty, surrounded by criminals and violence, had written a new chapter

38、 in the history of sports.But Shelly-Ann􀆳s victory was far greater than that. The night she won Olympic gold in Beijing, the routine murders in Waterhouse and the drug wars in the neighbouring streets stopped. The dark cloud above one of the world􀆳s toughest criminal neighbourhoods

39、 simply disappeared for a few days. “I have so much fire burning for my country,”Shelly said. She plans to start a foundation for homeless children and wants to build a community centre in Waterhouse. She hopes to inspire the Jamaicans to lay down their weapons. She intends to fight to make it a wom

40、an􀆳s as well as a man􀆳s world. As Muhammad Ali puts it, “Champions aren􀆳t made in gyms. Champions are made from something they have deep inside them. A desire, a dream, a vision.”One of the things Shelly-Ann can be proud of is her understanding of this truth.1.Why did Step

41、hen Francis decide to coach Shelly-Ann?A.He had a strong desire to free her family from trouble.B.He sensed a great potential in her despite her weaknesses.C.She had big problems maintaining her performance.D.She suffered a lot of defeats at the previous track meets.2.What did the sprinting world th

42、ink of Shelly-Ann before the 2019 Olympic Games?A.She would become a promising star.B.She badly needed to set higher goals.C.Her sprinting career would not last long.D.Her talent for sprinting was known to all.3.What made Maxime decide to train her daughter on the track?A.Her success and lessons in

43、her career.B.Her interest in Shelly-Ann􀆳s quick profit.C.Her wish to get Shelly-Ann out of poverty.D.Her early entrance into the sprinting world.4.What can we infer from Shelly-Ann􀆳s statement underlined in Paragraph 5?A.She was highly rewarded for her efforts.B.She was eager to do

44、 more for her country.C.She became an athletic star in her country.D.She was the envy of the whole community.5.By mentioning Muhammad Ali􀆳s words, the author intends to tell us that .A.players should be highly inspired by coachesB.great athletes need to concentrate on patienceC.hard work is

45、 necessary in one􀆳s achievementsD.motivation allows great athletes to be on the top6.What is the best title for the passage?A.The Making of a Great AthleteB.The Dream for ChampionshipC.The Key to High PerformanceD.The Power of Full Responsibility答案1.B2.C3.C4.B5.D6.APassage 3(2019天津,C)词数:369

46、One day when I was 12,my mother gave me an order:I was to walk to the public library,and borrow at least one book for the summer.This was one more weapon for her to defeat my strange probleminability to read.In the library,I found my way into the“Children􀆳s Room”.I sat down on the floor and

47、 pulled a few books off the shelf at random.The cover of a book caught my eye.It presented a picture of a beagle.I had recently had a beagle,the first and only animal companion I ever had as a child.He was my secret sharer,but one morning,he was gone,given away to someone who had the space and the m

48、oney to care for him.I never forgot my beagle.There on the book􀆳s cover was a beagle which looked identical(相同的)to my dog.I ran my fingers over the picture of the dog on the cover.My eyes ran across the title,Amos,the Beagle with a Plan.Unknowingly,I had read the title.Without opening the b

49、ook,I borrowed it from the library for the summer.Under the shade of a bush,I started to read about Amos.I read very,very slowly with difficulty.Though pages were turned slowly,I got the main idea of the story about a dog who,like mine,had been separated from his family and who finally found his way

50、 back home.That dog was my dog,and I was the little boy in the book.At the end of the story,my mind continued the final scene of reunion,on and on,until my own lost dog and I were,in my mind,running together.My mother􀆳s call returned me to the real world.I suddenly realized something:I had

51、read a book,and I had loved reading that book.Everyone knew I could not read.But I had read it.Books could be incredibly wonderful and I was going to read them.I never told my mother about my“miraculous(奇迹般的)”experience that summer,but she saw a slow but remarkable improvement in my classroom perfor

52、mance during the next year.And years later,she was proud that her son had read thousands of books,was awarded a PhD in literature,and authored his own books,articles,poetry and fiction.The power of the words has held.1.The author􀆳s mother told him to borrow a book in order to.A.encourage hi

53、m to do more walkingB.let him spend a meaningful summerC.help cure him of his reading problemD.make him learn more about weapons2.The book caught the author􀆳s eye because.A.it contained pretty pictures of animalsB.it reminded him of his own dogC.he found its title easy to understandD.he lik

54、ed children􀆳s stories very much3.Why could the author manage to read the book through?A.He was forced by his mother to read it.B.He identified with the story in the book.C.The book told the story of his pet dog.D.The happy ending of the story attracted him.4.What can be inferred from the la

55、st paragraph?A.The author has become a successful writer.B.The author􀆳s mother read the same book.C.The author􀆳s mother rewarded him with books.D.The author has had happy summers ever since.5.Which one could be the best title of the passage?A.The Charm of a BookB.Mum􀆳s Str

56、ict OrderC.Reunion with My BeagleD.My Passion for Reading答案1.C2.B3.B4.A5.APassage 4(2019安徽,B)词数:275When her five daughters were young,Helene An always told them that there was strength in unity(团结).To show this,she held up one chopstick,representing one person.Then she easily broke it into two piece

57、s.Next,she tied several chopsticks together,representing a family.She showed the girls it was hard to break the tied chopsticks.This lesson about family unity stayed with the daughters as they grew up.Helene An and her family own a large restaurant business in California.However,when Helene and her

58、husband Danny left their home in Vietnam in 1975,they didn􀆳t have much money.They moved their family to San Francisco.There they joined Danny􀆳s mother,Diana,who owned a small Italian sandwich shop.Soon afterwards,Helene and Diana changed the sandwich shop into a small Vietnamese re

59、staurant.The five daughters helped in the restaurant when they were young.However,Helene did not want her daughters to always work in the family business because she thought it was too hard.Eventually the girls all graduated from college and went away to work for themselves,but one by one,the daught

60、ers returned to work in the family business.They opened new restaurants in San Francisco and Los Angeles.Even though family members sometimes disagreed with each other,they worked together to make the business successful.Daughter Elizabeth explains,“Our mother taught us that to succeed we must have

61、unity,and to have unity we must have peace.Without the strength of the family,there is no business.”Their expanding business became a large corporation in 2019,with three generations of Ans working together.Now the Ans􀆳 corporation makes more than $20 million each year.Although they began w

62、ith a small restaurant,they had big dreams,and they worked together.Now they are a big success.1.Helene tied several chopsticks together to show.A.the strength of family unityB.the difficulty of growing upC.the advantage of chopsticksD.the best way of giving a lesson2.We can learn from Paragraph 2 t

63、hat the An family.A.started a business in 1975B.left Vietnam without much moneyC.bought a restaurant in San FranciscoD.opened a sandwich shop in Los Angeles3.What can we infer about the An daughters?A.They did not finish their college education.B.They could not bear to work in the family business.C.

64、They were influenced by what Helene taught them.D.They were troubled by disagreement among family members.4.Which of the following can be the best title for the passage?A.How to Run a CorporationB.Strength Comes from PeaceC.How to Achieve a Big DreamD.Family Unity Builds Success答案1.A2.B3.C4.DPassage

65、 5(2019陕西,B)词数:282When the dog named Judy spotted the first sheep in her life,she did what comes naturally.The four-year-old dog set off racing after the sheep across several fields and,being a city animal,lost both her sheep and her sense of direction.Then she ran along the edge of a cliff(悬崖)and f

66、ell 100 feet,bouncing off a rock into the sea.Her owner Mike Holden panicked and called the coastguard of Cornwall,who turned up in seconds.Six volunteers slid down the cliff with the help of a rope but gave up all hope of finding her alive after a 90-minute search.Three days later,a hurricane hit t

67、he coast near Cornwall.Mr. Holden returned home from his holiday upset and convinced his pet was dead.He comforted himself with the thought she had died in the most beautiful part of the country.For the next two weeks,the Holdens were heartbroken.Then,one day,the phone rang and Steve Tregear,the coa

68、stguard of Cornwall,asked Holden if he would like his dog back.A birdwatcher,armed with a telescope,found the pet sitting desperately on a rock.While he sounded the alarm,a student from Leeds climbed down the cliff to collect Judy.The dog had initially been knocked unconscious(失去知觉的)but had survived

69、 by drinking water from a fresh stream at the base of the cliff.She may have fed on the body of a sheep which had also fallen over the edge.“The dog was very thin and hungry,”Steve Tregear said.“It was a very lucky dog.She survived because of a plentiful supply of fresh water,”he added.It was,as Mr.

70、 Holden admitted,“a minor miracle(奇迹)”.1.The dog Judy fell down the cliff when she was.A.rescuing her ownerB.caught in a hurricaneC.blocked by a rockD.running after a sheep2.Who spotted Judy after the accident?A.A birdwatcher.B.A student from Leeds.C.Six volunteers.D.The coastguard of Cornwall.3.Wha

71、t can we infer from the text?A.People like to travel with their pets.B.Judy was taken to the fields for hunting.C.Luck plays a vital role in Judy􀆳s survival.D.Holden cared little where Judy was buried.4.Which of the following can be the best title for the text?A.Miracle of the Coastguard.B.

72、Surviving a Hurricane.C.Dangers in the Wild.D.Coming Back from the Dead.答案1.D2.A3.C4.DPassage 6(2019重庆,A)词数:284At thirteen,I was diagnosed(诊断)with a kind of attention disorder.It made school difficult for me.When everyone else in the class was focusing on tasks,I could not.In my first literature cla

73、ss,Mrs.Smith asked us to read a story and then write on it,all within 45 minutes.I raised my hand right away and said,“Mrs.Smith,you see,the doctor said I have attention problems.I might not be able to do it.”She glanced down at me through her glasses,“You are no different from your classmates,young

74、 man.”I tried,but I didn􀆳t finish the reading when the bell rang.I had to take it home.In the quietness of my bedroom,the story suddenly all became clear to me.It was about a blind person,Louis Braille.He lived in a time when the blind couldn􀆳t get much education.But Louis didn

75、49011;t give up.Instead,he invented a reading system of raised dots(点),which opened up a whole new world of knowledge to the blind.Wasn􀆳t I the “blind”in my class,being made to learn like the“sighted”students?My thoughts spilled out and my pen started to dance.I completed the task within 40

76、 minutes.Indeed,I was no different from others;I just needed a quieter place.If Louis could find his way out of his problems,why should I ever give up?I didn􀆳t expect anything when I handed in my paper to Mrs.Smith,so it was quite a surprise when it came back to me the next daywith an“A”on

77、it.At the bottom of the paper were these words:“See what you can do when you keep trying?”1.The author didn􀆳t finish the reading in class because.A.he was new to the classB.he was tired of literatureC.he had an attention disorderD.he wanted to take the task home2.What do we know about Louis

78、 Braille from the passage?A.He had good sight.B.He made a great invention.C.He gave up reading.D.He learned a lot from school.3.What was Mrs.Smith􀆳s attitude to the author at the end of the story?A.Angry.B.Impatient.C.Sympathetic.D.Encouraging.4.What is the main idea of the passage?A.The di

79、sabled should be treated with respect.B.A teacher can open up a new world to students.C.One can find his way out of difficulties with efforts.D.Everyone needs a hand when faced with challenges.答案1.C2.B3.D4.CPassage 7(2019课标,A)词数:269Arriving in Sydney on his own from India,my husband,Rashid,stayed in

80、 a hotel for a short time while looking for a house for me and our children. During the first week of his stay,he went out one day to do some shopping.He came back in the late afternoon to discover that his suitcase was gone.He was extremely worried as the suitcase had all his important papers,inclu

81、ding his passport. He reported the case to the police and then sat there,lost and lonely in a strange city,thinking of the terrible troubles of getting all the paperwork organised again from a distant country while trying to settle down in a new one. Late in the evening,the phone rang.It was a stran

82、ger.He was trying to pronounce my husband􀆳s name and was asking him a lot of questions.Then he said they had found a pile of papers in their trash can(垃圾桶)that had been left out on the footpath. My husband rushed to their home to find a kind family holding all his papers and documents.Their

83、 young daughter had gone to the trash can and found a pile of unfamiliar papers.Her parents had carefully sorted them out,although they had found mainly foreign addresses on most of the documents.At last they had seen a half-written letter in the pile in which my husband had given his new telephone

84、number to a friend.That family not only restored the important documents to us that day but also restored our faith and trust in people.We still remember their kindness and often send a warm wish their way.1.What did Rashid plan to do after his arrival in Sydney?A.Go shopping.B.Find a house.C.Join h

85、is family.D.Take a vacation.2.The girl􀆳s parents got Rashid􀆳s phone number from.A.a friend of his familyB.a Sydney policemanC.a letter in his papers D.a stranger in Sydney3.What does the underlined word “restored”in the last paragraph mean?A.Showed.B.Sent out.C.Delivered.D.Gave bac

86、k.4.Which of the following can be the best title for the text?A.From India to Australia.B.Living in a New Country.C.Turning Trash to Treasure.D.In Search of New Friends.答案1.B2.C3.D4.CPassage 8(2019四川,C)词数:293A schoolgirl saved her father􀆳s life by kicking him in the chest after he suffered

87、a serious allergic(过敏的)reaction which stopped his heart.Izzy,nine,restarted father Colm􀆳s heart by stamping(踩)on his chest after he fell down at home and stopped breathing.Izzy􀆳s mother,Debbie,immediately called 999 but Izzy knew doctors would never arrive in time to save her fathe

88、r,so decided to use CPR.However,she quickly discovered her arms weren􀆳t strong enough,so she stamped on her father􀆳s chest instead.Debbie then took over with some more conventional chest compressions(按压)until the ambulance arrived.Izzy,who has been given a bravery award by her scho

89、ol,said:“I just kicked him really hard.My mum taught me CPR but I knew I wasn􀆳t strong enough to use hands.I was quite scared.The doctor said I might as well be a doctor or a nurse.My mum said that Dad was going to hospital with a big footprint on his chest.”“She􀆳s a little star,”s

90、aid Debbie.“I was really upset but Izzy just took over.I just can􀆳t believe what she did.I really think all children should be taught first aid.Izzy did CPR then the doctor turned up.Colm had to have more treatment on the way to the hospital and we􀆳ve got to see an expert.”Truck dr

91、iver Colm,35,suffered a mystery allergic reaction on Saturday and was taken to hospital,but was sent home only for it to happen again the next day.The second attack was so serious that his airway swelled,preventing him from breathing,his blood pressure dropped suddenly,and his heart stopped for a mo

92、ment.He has now made a full recovery from his suffering.1.Izzy kicked her father in the chest.A.to express her helplessnessB.to practise CPR on himC.to keep him awakeD.to restart his heart2.What􀆳s the right order of the events?Izzy kicked Colm.Debbie called 999.Izzy learned CPR.Colm𙧅

93、1;s heart stopped.A.B.C.D.3.What does Paragraph 8 mainly talk about?A.What Colm suffered.B.Colm􀆳s present condition.C.What caused Colm􀆳s allergy.D.Symptoms of Colm􀆳s allergic reaction.4.Why does the author write the news?A.To describe a serious accident.B.To prove the impo

94、rtance of CPR.C.To report a 9-year-old girl􀆳s brave act.D.To call people􀆳s attention to allergic reaction.答案1.D2.C3.A4.CPassage 9(2019重庆,A)词数:262I was never very neat,while my roommate Kate was extremely organized.Each of her objects had its place,but mine always hid somewhere.She

95、even labeled(贴标签)everything.I always looked for everything.Over time,Kate got neater and I got messier.She would push my dirty clothing over,and I would lay my books on her tidy desk.We both got tired of each other.War broke out one evening.Kate came into the room.Soon,I heard her screaming,“Take yo

96、ur shoes away!Why under my bed!”Deafened,I saw my shoes flying at me.I jumped to my feet and started yelling.She yelled back louder.The room was filled with anger.We could not have stayed together for a single minute but for a phone call.Kate answered it.From her end of the conversation,I could tell

97、 right away her grandma was seriously ill.When she hung up,she quickly crawled(爬)under her covers,sobbing.Obviously,that was something she should not go through alone.All of a sudden,a warm feeling of sympathy rose up in my heart.Slowly,I collected the pencils,took back the books,made my bed,cleaned

98、 the socks and swept the floor,even on her side.I got so into my work that I even didn􀆳t notice Kate had sat up.She was watching,her tears dried and her expression one of disbelief.Then,she reached out her hands to grasp mine.I looked up into her eyes.She smiled at me,“Thanks.”Kate and I st

99、ayed roommates for the rest of the year.We didn􀆳t always agree,but we learned the key to living together:giving in,cleaning up and holding on.1.What made Kate so angry one evening?A.She couldn􀆳t find her books.B.She heard the author shouting loud.C.She got the news that her grandma

100、 was ill.D.She saw the author􀆳s shoes beneath her bed.2.The author tidied up the room most probably because.A.she was scared by Kate􀆳s angerB.she hated herself for being so messyC.she wanted to show her careD.she was asked by Kate to do so3.How is Paragraph 1 mainly developed?A.By

101、analyzing causes.B.By showing differences.C.By describing a process.D.By following time order.4.What might be the best title for the story?A.My Friend KateB.Hard Work Pays OffC.How to Be OrganizedD.Learning to Be Roommates答案1.D2.C3.B4.DPassage 10(2019湖南,B)词数:319In the mid-1950s,I was a somewhat bore

102、d early-adolescent male student who believed that doing any more than necessary was wasted effort.One day,this approach threw me into embarrassment.In Mrs.Totten􀆳s eighth-grade math class at Central Avenue School in Anderson,Indiana,we were learning to add and subtract decimals(小数).Our teac

103、her typically assigned daily homework,which would be recited in class the following day.On most days,our grades were based on our oral answers to homework questions.Mrs.Totten usually walked up and down the rows of desks requesting answers from student after student in the order the questions had ap

104、peared on our homework sheets.She would start either at the front or the back of the classroom and work toward the other end.Since I was seated near the middle of about 35 students,it was easy to figure out which questions I might have to answer.This particular time,I had completed my usual two or t

105、hree problems according to my calculations.What I failed to expect was that several students were absent,which threw off my estimate.As Mrs.Totten made her way from the beginning of the class,I desperately tried to determine which math problem I would get.I tried to work it out before she got to me,

106、but I had brain freeze and couldn􀆳t function.When Mrs.Totten reached my desk,she asked what answer I􀆳d got for problem No.14.“I.I didn􀆳t get anything,”I answered,and my face felt warm.“Correct,”she said.It turned out that the correct answer was zero.What did I learn that d

107、ay?First,always do all your homework.Second,in real life it isn􀆳t always what you say but how you say it that matters.Third,I would never make it as a mathematician.If I could choose one school day that taught me the most,it would be that one.1.What does the underlined part in Paragraph 1 i

108、ndicate?A.It is wise to value one􀆳s time.B.It is important to make an effort.C.It is right to stick to one􀆳s belief.D.It is enough to do the necessary.2.Usually,Mrs.Totten asked her students to.A.recite their homework togetherB.grade their homework themselvesC.answer their homework

109、 questions orallyD.check the answers to their homework questions3.The author could work out which questions to answer since the teacher always.A.asked questions in a regular wayB.walked up and down when asking questionsC.chose two or three questions for the studentsD.requested her students to finish

110、 their usual questions4.The author failed to get the questions he had expected because.A.the class didn􀆳t begin as usualB.several students didn􀆳t come to schoolC.he didn􀆳t try hard to make his estimateD.Mrs.Totten didn􀆳t start from the back of the class5.Which of

111、the following can be the best title for the passage?A.An Unforgettable TeacherB.A Future MathematicianC.An Effective ApproachD.A Valuable Lesson答案1.D2.C3.A4.B5.DPassage 11(2019广东,A)词数:333Samuel Osmond is a 19-year-old law student from Cornwall,England.He never studied the piano.However,he can play v

112、ery difficult musical pieces by musicians such as Chopin and Beethoven just a few minutes after he hears them.He learns a piece of music by listening to it in parts.Then he thinks about the notes in his head.Two years ago,he played his first piece Moonlight Sonata(奏鸣曲)by Beethoven.He surprised every

113、one around him.Amazed that he remembered this long and difficult piece of music and played it perfectly,his teachers say Samuel is unbelievable.They say his ability is very rare,but Samuel doesn􀆳t even realize that what he can do is special.Samuel wanted to become a lawyer as it was the wis

114、h of his parents,but music teachers told him he should study music instead.Now,he studies law and music.Samuel can􀆳t understand why everyone is so surprised.“I grew up with music.My mother played the piano and my father played the guitar.About two years ago,I suddenly decided to start playi

115、ng the piano,without being able to read music and without having any lessons.It comes easily to meI hear the notes and can bear them in mindeach and every note,”says Samuel.Recently,Samuel performed a piece during a special event at his college.The piece had more than a thousand notes.The audience w

116、as impressed by his amazing performance.He is now learning a piece that is so difficult that many professional pianists can􀆳t play it.Samuel says confidently,“It􀆳s all about super memoryI guess I have that gift.”However,Samuel􀆳s ability to remember things doesn􀆳t

117、stop with music.His family says that even when he was a young boy,Samuel heard someone read a story,and then he could retell the story word for word.Samuel is still only a teenager.He doesn􀆳t know what he wants to do in the future.For now,he is just happy to play beautiful music and continu

118、e his studies.1.What is special about Samuel Osmond?A.He has a gift for writing music.B.He can write down the note he hears.C.He is a top student at the law school.D.He can play the musical piece he hears.2.What can we learn from Paragraph 2?A.Samuel chose law against the wish of his parents.B.Samue

119、l planned to be a lawyer rather than a musician.C.Samuel thinks of himself as a man of great musical ability.D.Samuel studies law and music on the advice of his teachers.3.Everyone around Samuel was surprised because he.A.received a good early education in musicB.played the guitar and the piano perf

120、ectlyC.could play the piano without reading musicD.could play the guitar better than his father4.What can we infer about Samuel in Paragraph 4?A.He became famous during a special event at his college.B.He is proud of his ability to remember things accurately.C.He plays the piano better than many pro

121、fessional pianists.D.He impressed the audience by playing all the musical pieces.5.Which of the following is the best title of this passage?A.The Qualities of a MusicianB.The Story of a Musical TalentC.The Importance of Early EducationD.The Relationship between Memory and Music答案1.D2.B3.C4.B5.BPassa

122、ge 12(2019天津,C)词数:357Poet William Stafford once said that we are defined more by the detours(绕行路)in life than by the narrow road toward goals.I like this image.But it was quite by accident that I discovered the deep meaning of his words.For years we made the long drive from our home in Seattle to my

123、 parents􀆳 home in Boise in nine hours.We traveled the way most people do:the fastest,shortest,easiest road,especially when I was alone with four noisy,restless kids who hate confinement(限制)and have strong opinions about everything.Road trips felt risky,so I would drive fast,stopping only wh

124、en I had to.We would stick to the freeways and arrive tired.But then Banner,our lamb was born.He was rejected by his mama days before our planned trip to Boise.I had two choices:leave Banner with my husband,or take him with me.My husband made the decision for me.That is how I found myself on the roa

125、d with four kids,a baby lamb and nothing but my everlasting optimism to see me through.We took the country roads out of necessity.We had to stop every hour,let Banner shake out his legs and feed him.The kids chased him and one another.They􀆳d get back in the car breathless and energized,smel

126、ling fresh from the cold air.We explored side roads,catching grasshoppers in waist-high grass.Even if we simply looked out of the car windows at baby pigs following their mother,or fish leaping out of the water,it was better than the best ride down the freeway.Here was life.And new horizons(见识).We e

127、ventually arrived at my parents􀆳 doorstep astonishingly fresh and full of stories.I grew brave with the trip back home and creative with my disciplining technique.On an empty section of road,everyone started quarreling.I stopped the car,ordered all kids out and told them to meet me up ahead

128、.I parked my car half a mile away and read my book in sweet silence.Some road trips are by necessity fast and straight.But that trip with Banner opened our eyes to a world available to anyone adventurous enough to wander around and made me realize that a detour may uncover the best part of a journey

129、and the best part of yourself.1.Why did the author use to take freeways to her parents􀆳 home?A.It was less tiring.B.It would be faster and safer.C.Her kids would feel less confined.D.She felt better with other drivers nearby.2.The author stopped regularly on the country roads to.A.relax in

130、the fresh airB.take a deep breathC.take care of the lambD.let the kids play with Banner3.What does the author discover from the trip according to Paragraph 6?A.Freeways are where beauty hides.B.Getting close to nature adds to the joy of life.C.Enjoying the beauty of nature benefits one􀆳s he

131、alth.D.One should follow side roads to watch wild animals.4.Why did the author ask the kids to get out of the car on their way back home?A.To give herself some time to read.B.To order some food for them.C.To play a game with them.D.To let them cool down.5.What could be the best title for the passage

132、?A.Charm of the DetourB.The Road to BraveryC.Creativity out of NecessityD.Road Trip and Country Life答案1.B2.C3.B4.D5.A第二组说明文Passage 1(2019课标全国,D)词数:324The Intelligent Transport team at Newcastle University have turned an electric car into a mobile laboratory named “DriveLAB” in order to understand th

133、e challenges faced by older drivers and to discover where the key stress points are.Research shows that giving up driving is one of the key reasons for a fall in health and well-being among older people, leading to them becoming more isolated(隔绝) and inactive. Led by Professor Phil Blythe, the Newca

134、stle team are developing in-vehicle technologies for older drivers which they hope could help them to continue driving into later life.These include custom-made navigation(导航) tools, night vision systems and intelligent speed adaptations. Phil Blythe explains:“For many older people, particularly tho

135、se living alone or in the country, driving is important for preserving their independence, giving them the freedom to get out and about without having to rely on others.”“But we all have to accept that as we get older our reactions slow down and this often results in people avoiding any potentially

136、challenging driving conditions and losing confidence in their driving skills. The result is that people stop driving before they really need to.”Dr Amy Guo, the leading researcher on the older driver study, explains: “The DriveLAB is helping us to understand what the key stress points and difficulti

137、es are for older drivers and how we might use technology to address these problems.”“For example, most of us would expect older drivers always go slower than everyone else but surprisingly, we found that in 30mph zones they struggled to keep at a constant speed and so were more likely to break the s

138、peed limit and be at risk of getting fined. We􀆳re looking at the benefits of systems which control their speed as a way of preventing that.”“We hope that our work will help with technological solutions(解决方案) to ensure that older drivers stay safer behind the wheel.”1.What is the purpose of

139、the DriveLAB?A.To explore new means of transport.B.To design new types of cars.C.To find out older drivers􀆳 problems.D.To teach people traffic rules.2.Why is driving important for older people according to Phil Blythe?A.It keeps them independent.B.It helps them save time.C.It builds up thei

140、r strength.D.It cures their mental illnesses.3.What do researchers hope to do for older drivers?A.Improve their driving skills.B.Develop driver-assist technologies.C.Provide tips on repairing their cars.D.Organize regular physical checkups.4.What is the best title for the text?A.A New Model Electric

141、 CarB.A Solution to Traffic ProblemsC.Driving Services for EldersD.Keeping Older Drivers on the Road答案1.C2.A3.B4.DPassage 2(2019北京,C)词数:358Measles(麻疹), which once killed 450 children each year and disabled even more, was nearly wiped out in the United States 14 years ago by the universal use of the

142、MMR vaccine(疫苗). But the disease is making a comeback, caused by a growing anti-vaccine movement and misinformation that is spreading quickly. Already this year, 115 measles cases have been reported in the USA, compared with 189 for all of last year.The numbers might sound small, but they are the le

143、ading edge of a dangerous trend. When vaccination rates are very high, as they still are in the nation as a whole, everyone is protected. This is called“herd immunity”, which protects the people who get hurt easily, including those who can􀆳t be vaccinated for medical reasons, babies too you

144、ng to get vaccinated and people on whom the vaccine doesn􀆳t work.But herd immunity works only when nearly the whole herd joins in. When some refuse vaccination and seek a free ride, immunity breaks down and everyone is in even bigger danger.That􀆳s exactly what is happening in small

145、 neighborhoods around the country from Orange County, California, where 22 measles cases were reported this month, to Brooklyn, N.Y., where a 17-year-old caused an outbreak last year.The resistance to vaccine has continued for decades, and it is driven by a real but very small risk. Those who refuse

146、 to take that risk selfishly make others suffer.Making things worse are state laws that make it too easy to opt out(决定不参加)of what are supposed to be required vaccines for all children entering kindergarten. Seventeen states allow parents to get an exemption(豁免), sometimes just by signing a paper say

147、ing they personally object to a vaccine.Now, several states are moving to tighten laws by adding new regulations for opting out. But no one does enough to limit exemptions.Parents ought to be able to opt out only for limited medical or religious reasons. But personal opinions?Not good enough. Everyo

148、ne enjoys the life-saving benefits vaccines provide, but they􀆳ll exist only as long as everyone shares in the risks.1.The first two paragraphs suggest that.A.a small number of measles cases can start a dangerous trendB.the outbreak of measles attracts the public attentionC.anti-vaccine move

149、ment has its medical reasonsD.information about measles spreads quickly2.Herd immunity works well when.A.exemptions are allowedB.several vaccines are used togetherC.the whole neighborhood is involved inD.new regulations are added to the state laws3.What is the main reason for the comeback of measles

150、?A.The overuse of vaccine.B.The lack of medical care.C.The features of measles itself.D.The vaccine opt-outs of some people.4.What is the purpose of the passage?A.To introduce the idea of exemption.B.To discuss methods to cure measles.C.To stress the importance of vaccination.D.To appeal for equal r

151、ights in medical treatment.答案1.A2.C3.D4.CPassage 3(2019天津,A)词数:307Suppose you􀆳re in a rush, feeling tired, not paying attention to your screen, and you send an email that could get you in trouble.Realisation will probably set in seconds after you􀆳ve clicked “send”. You freeze in ho

152、rror and burn with shame.What to do?Here are four common email accidents, and how to recover.Clicking “send”too soonDon􀆳t waste your time trying to find out if the receiver has read it yet. Write another email as swiftly as you can and send it with a brief title explaining that this is the

153、correct version and the previous version should be ignored.Writing the wrong nameThe sooner you notice, the better. Respond quickly and briefly, apologising for your mistake. Keep the tone measured:don􀆳t handle it too lightly, as people can be offended, especially if your error suggests a m

154、isunderstanding of their culture(i.e. incorrect ordering of Chinese names).Clicking “reply all”unintentionallyYou accidentally reveal(透露)to the entire company what menu choices you would prefer at the staff Christmas dinner, or what holiday you􀆳d like to take. In this instance, the best sol

155、ution is to send a quick, light-hearted apology to explain your awkwardness. But it can quickly rise to something worse, when everyone starts hitting “reply all” to join in a long and unpleasant conversation. In this instance, step away from your keyboard to allow everyone to calm down.Sending an of

156、fensive message to its subjectThe most awkward email mistake is usually committed in anger. You write an unkind message about someone, intending to send it to a friend, but accidentally send it to the person you􀆳re discussing. In that case, ask to speak in person as soon as possible and say

157、 sorry. Explain your frustrations calmly and sensiblysee it as an opportunity to clear up any difficulties you may have with this person.1.After realising an email accident, you are likely to feel .A.curiousB.tiredC.awfulD.funny2.If you have written the wrong name in an email, it is best to .A.apolo

158、gise in a serious mannerB.tell the receiver to ignore the errorC.learn to write the name correctlyD.send a short notice to everyone3.What should you do when an unpleasant conversation is started by your “reply all”email?A.Try offering other choices.B.Avoid further involvement.C.Meet other staff memb

159、ers.D.Make a light-hearted apology.4.How should you deal with the problem caused by an offensive email?A.By promising not to offend the receiver again.B.By seeking support from the receiver􀆳s friends.C.By asking the receiver to control his anger.D.By talking to the receiver face to face.5.W

160、hat is the passage mainly about?A.Defining email errors.B.Reducing email mistakes.C.Handling email accidents.D.Improving email writing.答案1.C2.A3.B4.D5.CPassage 4(2019课标全国,C)词数:325Some of the world􀆳s most famous musicians recently gathered in Paris and New Orleans to celebrate the first annu

161、al International Jazz Day. UNESCO(United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization)recently set April 30 as a day to raise awareness of jazz music, its significance, and its potential as a unifying(联合)voice across cultures.Despite the celebrations, though, in the U.S. the jazz audien

162、ce continues to shrink and grow older, and the music has failed to connect with younger generations.It􀆳s Jason Moran􀆳s job to help change that. As the Kennedy Center􀆳s artistic adviser for jazz, Moran hopes to widen the audience for jazz, make the music more accessible, an

163、d preserve its history and culture.“Jazz seems like it􀆳s not really a part of the American appetite,”Moran tells National Public Radio􀆳s reporter Neal Conan.“What I􀆳m hoping to accomplish is that my generation and younger start to reconsider and understand that jazz is not

164、 black and white anymore. It􀆳s actually color, and it􀆳s actually digital.”Moran says one of the problems with jazz today is that the entertainment aspect of the music has been lost.“The music can􀆳t be presented today the way it was in 1908 or 1958.It has to continue to mov

165、e, because the way the world works is not the same,”says Moran.Last year, Moran worked on a project that arranged Fats Waller􀆳s music for a dance party,“just to kind of put it back in the mind that Waller is dance music as much as it is concert music,”says Moran.“For me, it􀆳s the r

166、econtextualization. In music, where does the emotion(情感)lie?Are we, as humans, gaining any insight(感悟)on how to talk about ourselves and how something as abstract as a Charlie Parker record gets us into a dialogue about our emotions and our thoughts?Sometimes we lose sight that the music has a wider

167、 context,”says Moran,“so I want to continue those dialogues. Those are the things I want to foster.”1.Why did UNESCO set April 30 as International Jazz Day?A.To remember the birth of jazz.B.To protect cultural diversity.C.To encourage people to study music.D.To recognize the value of jazz.2.What doe

168、s the underlined word“that”in paragraph 3 refer to?A.Jazz becoming more accessible.B.The production of jazz growing faster.C.Jazz being less popular with the young.D.The jazz audience becoming larger.3.What can we infer about Moran􀆳s opinion on jazz?A.It will disappear gradually.B.It remain

169、s black and white.C.It should keep up with the times.D.It changes every 50 years.4.Which of the following can be the best title for the text?A.Exploring the Future of JazzB.The Rise and Fall of JazzC.The Story of a Jazz MusicianD.Celebrating the Jazz Day答案1.D2.C3.C4.APassage 5(2019课标全国,C)词数:254Readi

170、ng can be a social activity. Think of the people who belong to book groups. They choose books to read and then meet to discuss them. Now, the website BookC turns the page on the traditional idea of a book group.Members go on the site and register the books they own and would like to share. BookCross

171、ing provides an identification number to stick inside the book.Then the person leaves it in a public place, hoping that the book will have an adventure, traveling far and wide with each new reader who finds it.Bruce Pederson, the managing director of BookCrossing, says,“The two things that change yo

172、ur life are the people you meet and books you read. BookCrossing combines both.”Members leave books on park benches and buses, in train stations and coffee shops.Whoever finds their book will go to the site and record where they found it.People who find a book can also leave a journal entry describi

173、ng what they thought of it. E-mails are then sent to the BookCrossers to keep them updated about where their books have been found. Bruce Pederson says the idea is for people not to be selfish by keeping a book to gather dust on a shelf at home.BookCrossing is part of a trend among people who want t

174、o get back to the “real”and not the virtual(虚拟). The site now has more than one million members in more than one hundred thirty-five countries.1.Why does the author mention book groups in the first paragraph?A.To explain what they are.B.To introduce BookCrossing.C.To stress the importance of reading

175、.D.To encourage readers to share their ideas.2.What does the underlined word“it”in Paragraph 2 refer to?A.The book.B.An adventure.C.A public place.D.The identification number.3.What will a BookCrosser do with a book after reading it?A.Meet other readers to discuss it.B.Keep it safe in his bookcase.C

176、.Pass it on to another reader.D.Mail it back to its owner.4.What is the best title for the text?A.Online Reading:A Virtual TourB.Electronic Books:A New TrendC.A Book Group Brings Tradition BackD.A Website Links People through Books答案1.B2.A3.C4.DPassage 6(2019四川,D)词数:255A warm drink of milk before be

177、d has long been the best choice for those wanting a good night􀆳s sleep. But now a study has found it really does help people nod offif it is milked from a cow at night.Researchers have discovered that “night milk” contains more melatonin(褪黑激素),which has been proven to help people feel sleep

178、y and reduce anxiety.The study, by researchers from Seoul, South Korea, involved mice being fed with dried milk powder made from cows milked both during the day and at night.Those given night milk, which contained 10 times the amount of melatonin, were less active and less anxious than those fed wit

179、h the milk collected during daytime, according to the study published in The Journal of Medicinal Food.Night milk quickened the start of sleep and caused the mice to sleep longer.While the effect of cows milk harvested at different time has not been tested on humans up to now, taking melatonin drugs

180、 has been suggested to those who are struggling to fall asleep at night.Previous studies have also indicated that milk can be excellent for helping sleep because of the calcium content, which helps people to relax.Milk is also sugar-free and additive-free with nutritionists recommending skimmed milk

181、 as the best choice before bed as it is the least fattening. The more fat you take in before bedtime, the greater burden you will put on your body at night.1.According to the text, the mice fed with daytime milk.A.started sleep more easilyB.were more anxiousC.were less activeD.woke up later2.Which o

182、f the following is true of melatonin according to the text?A.It􀆳s been tested on mice for ten times.B.It can make people more energetic.C.It exists in milk in great amount.D.It􀆳s used in sleeping drugs.3.What can be a suitable title for the text?A.Night Milk and SleepB.Fat, Sugar a

183、nd HealthC.An Experiment on MiceD.Milk Drinking and Health4.How does the author support the theme of the text?A.By giving examples.B.By stating arguments.C.By explaining statistical data.D.By providing research results.答案1.B2.D3.A4.DPassage 7(2019北京,C)词数:359California Condor􀆳s Shocking Reco

184、veryCalifornia condors are North America􀆳s largest birds, with wing-length of up to 3 meters. In the 1980s, electrical lines and lead poisoning(铅中毒) nearly drove them to dying out. Now, electric shock training and medical treatment are helping to rescue these big birds.In the late 1980s, th

185、e last few condors were taken from the wild to be bred(繁殖). Since 1992, there have been multiple reintroductions to the wild, and there are now more than 150 flying over California and nearby Arizona, Utah and Baja in Mexico.Electrical lines have been killing them off.“As they go in to rest for the

186、night, they just don􀆳t see the power lines,”says Bruce Rideout of San Diego Zoo. Their wings can bridge the gap between lines, resulting in electrocution(电死) if they touch two lines at once.So scientists have come up with a shocking idea. Tall poles, placed in large training areas, teach th

187、e birds to stay clear of electrical lines by giving them a painful but undeadly electric shock. Before the training was introduced,66% of set-free birds died of electrocution. This has now dropped to 18%.Lead poisoning has proved more difficult to deal with. When condors eat dead bodies of other ani

188、mals containing lead, they absorb large quantities of lead. This affects their nervous systems and ability to produce baby birds, and can lead to kidney(肾) failure and death. So condors with high levels of lead are sent to Los Angeles Zoo, where they are treated with calcium EDTA, a chemical that re

189、moves lead from the blood over several days. This work is starting to pay off. The annual death rate for adult condors has dropped from 38% in 2019 to 5.4% in 2019.Rideout􀆳s team thinks that the California condors􀆳 average survival time in the wild is now just under eight years.“Al

190、though these measures are not effective forever, they are vital for now,” he says. “They are truly good birds that are worth every effort we put into recovering them.”1.California condors attract researchers􀆳 interest because they.A.are active at nightB.had to be bred in the wildC.are found

191、 only in CaliforniaD.almost died out in the 1980s2.Researchers have found electrical lines are.A.blocking condors􀆳 journey homeB.big killers of California condorsC.rest places for condors at nightD.used to keep condors away3.According to Paragraph 5, lead poisoning.A.makes condors too nervo

192、us to flyB.has little effect on condors􀆳 kidneysC.can hardly be gotten rid of from condors􀆳 bloodD.makes it difficult for condors to produce baby birds4.This passage shows that.A.the average survival time of condors is satisfactoryB.Rideout􀆳s research interest lies in elec

193、tric engineeringC.the efforts to protect condors have brought good resultsD.researchers have found the final answers to the problem答案1.D2.B3.D4.CPassage 8(2019天津,D)词数:385Failure is probably the most exhausting experience a person ever has. There is nothing more tiring than not succeeding.We experien

194、ce this tiredness in two ways: as start-up fatigue(疲惫)and performance fatigue. In the former case, we keep putting off a task because it is either too boring or too difficult.And the longer we delay it, the more tired we feel.Such start-up fatigue is very real, even if not actually physical, not som

195、ething in our muscles and bones. The solution is obvious though perhaps not easy to apply: always handle the most difficult job first.Years ago, I was asked to write 102 essays on the great ideas of some famous authors. Applying my own rule, I determined to write them in alphabetical order(按字母顺序), n

196、ever letting myself leave out a tough idea. And I always started the day􀆳s work with the difficult task of essay-writing.Experience proved that the rule works.Performance fatigue is more difficult to handle. Though willing to get started, we cannot seem to do the job right. Its difficulties

197、 appear so great that, however hard we work, we fail again and again. In such a situation, I work as hard as I canthen let the unconscious take over.When planning Encyclopaedia Britannica(大英百科全书), I had to create a table of contents based on the topics of its articles. Nothing like this had ever bee

198、n done before, and day after day I kept coming up with solutions, but none of them worked. My fatigue became almost unbearable.One day, mentally exhausted, I wrote down all the reasons why this problem could not be solved. I tried to convince myself that the trouble was with the problem itself, not

199、with me. Relieved, I sat back in an easy chair and fell asleep.An hour later, I woke up suddenly with the solution clearly in mind. In the weeks that followed, the solution which had come up in my unconscious mind proved correct at every step. Though I worked as hard as before, I felt no fatigue. Su

200、ccess was now as exciting as failure had been depressing.Human beings, I believe, must try to succeed. Success, then, means never feeling tired.1.People with start-up fatigue are most likely to.A.delay tasksB.work hardC.seek helpD.accept failure2.What does the author recommend doing to prevent start

201、-up fatigue?A.Writing essays in strict order.B.Building up physical strength.C.Leaving out the toughest ideas.D.Dealing with the hardest task first.3.On what occasion does a person probably suffer from performance fatigue?A.Before starting a difficult task.B.When all the solutions fail.C.If the job

202、is rather boring.D.After finding a way out.4.According to the author, the unconscious mind may help us.A.ignore mental problemsB.get some nice sleepC.gain complete reliefD.find the right solution5.What could be the best title for the passage?A.Success Is Built upon FailureB.How to Handle Performance

203、 FatigueC.Getting over Fatigue:A Way to SuccessD.Fatigue: An Early Sign of Health Problems答案1.A2.D3.B4.D5.CPassage 9(2019课标,B)词数:304Your house may have an effect on your figure.Experts say the way you design your home could play a role in whether you pack on the pounds or keep them off.You can make

204、your environment work for you instead of against you.Here are some ways to turn your home into part of your diet plan.Open the curtains and turn up the lights.Dark environments are more likely to encourage overeating,for people are often less self-conscious(难为情)when they􀆳re in poorly lit pl

205、acesand so more likely to eat lots of food.If your home doesn􀆳t have enough window light,get more lamps and flood the place with brightness.Mind the colors.Research suggests warm colors fuel our appetites.In one study,people who ate meals in a blue room consumed 33 percent less than those i

206、n a yellow or red room.Warm colors like yellow make food appear more appetizing,while cold colors make us feel less hungry.So when it􀆳s time to repaint,go blue.Don􀆳t forget the clockor the radio.People who eat slowly tend to consume about 70 fewer calories(卡路里)per meal than those w

207、ho rush through their meals.Begin keeping track of the time,and try to make dinner last at least 30 minutes.And while you􀆳re at it,actually sit down to eat.If you need some help slowing down,turn on relaxing music.It makes you less likely to rush through a meal.Downsize the dishes.Big servi

208、ng bowls and plates can easily make us fat.We eat about 22 percent more when using a 12-inch plate instead of a 10-inch plate.When we choose a large spoon over a smaller one,total intake(摄入)jumps by 14 percent.And we􀆳ll pour about 30 percent more liquid into a short,wide glass than a tall,s

209、kinny glass.1.The text is especially helpful for those who care about.A.their home comfortsB.their body shapeC.house buyingD.healthy diets2.A home environment in blue can help people.A.digest food betterB.reduce food intakeC.burn more caloriesD.regain their appetites3.What are people advised to do a

210、t mealtimes?A.Eat quickly.B.Play fast music.C.Use smaller spoons.D.Turn down the lights.4.What can be a suitable title for the text?A.Is Your House Making You Fat?B.Ways of Serving DinnerC.Effects of Self-ConsciousnessD.Is Your Home Environment Relaxing?答案1.B2.B3.C4.APassage 10(2019天津,B)词数:293Whethe

211、r in the home or the workplace,social robots are going to become a lot more common in the next few years.Social robots are about to bring technology to the everyday world in a more humanized way,said Cynthia Breazeal,chief scientist at the robot company Jibo.While household robots today do the norma

212、l housework,social robots will be much more like companions than mere tools.For example,these robots will be able to distinguish when someone is happy or sad.This allows them to respond more appropriately to the user.The Jibo robot,arranged to ship later this year,is designed to be a personalized as

213、sistant.You can talk to the robot,ask it questions,and make requests for it to perform different tasks.The robot doesn􀆳t just deliver general answers to questions;it responds based on what it learns about each individual in the household.It can do things such as reminding an elderly family

214、member to take medicine or taking family photos.Social robots are not just finding their way into the home.They have potential applications in everything from education to health care and are already finding their way into some of these spaces.Fellow Robots is one company bringing social robots to t

215、he market.The company􀆳s“Oshbot”robot is built to assist customers in a store,which can help the customers find items and help guide them to the product􀆳s location in the store.It can also speak different languages and make recommendations for different items based on what the custo

216、mer is shopping for.The more interaction the robot has with humans,the more it learns.But Oshbot,like other social robots,is not intended to replace workers,but to work alongside other employees.“We have technologies to train social robots to do things not for us,but with us,”said Breazeal.1.How are

217、 social robots different from household robots?A.They can control their emotions.B.They are more like humans.C.They do the normal housework.D.They respond to users more slowly.2.What can a Jibo robot do according to Paragraph 3?A.Communicate with you and perform operations.B.Answer your questions an

218、d make requests.C.Take your family pictures and deliver milk.D.Obey your orders and remind you to take pills.3.What can Oshbot work as? A.A language teacher.B.A tour guide.C.A shop assistant.D.A private nurse.4.We can learn from the last paragraph that social robots will.A.train employeesB.be our wo

219、rkmatesC.improve technologiesD.take the place of workers5.What does the passage mainly present?A.A new design idea of household robots.B.Marketing strategies for social robots.C.Information on household robots.D.An introduction to social robots.答案1.B2.D3.C4.B5.DPassage 11(2019浙江,C)词数:466If humans we

220、re truly at home under the light of the moon and stars,we would go in darkness happily,the midnight world as visible to us as it is to the vast number of nocturnal(夜间活动的)species on this planet.Instead,we are diurnal creatures,with eyes adapted to living in the sun􀆳s light.This is a basic ev

221、olutionary fact,even though most of us don􀆳t think of ourselves as diurnal beings.Yet it􀆳s the only way to explain what we􀆳ve done to the night:We􀆳ve engineered it to receive us by filling it with light.The benefits of this kind of engineering come with consequenc

222、escalled light pollutionwhose effects scientists are only now beginning to study.Light pollution is largely the result of bad lighting design,which allows artificial light to shine outward and upward into the sky.Ill-designed lighting washes out the darkness of night and completely changes the light

223、 levelsand light rhythmsto which many forms of life,including ourselves,have adapted.Wherever human light spills into the natural world,some aspect of life is affected.In most cities the sky looks as though it has been emptied of stars,leaving behind a vacant haze(霾)that mirrors our fear of the dark

224、.We􀆳ve grown so used to this orange haze that the original glory of an unlit nightdark enough for the planet Venus to throw shadows on Earthis wholly beyond our experience,beyond memory almost.We􀆳ve lit up the night as if it were an unoccupied country,when nothing could be further

225、from the truth.Among mammals alone,the number of nocturnal species is astonishing.Light is a powerful biological force,and on many species it acts as a magnet(磁铁).The effect is so powerful that scientists speak of songbirds and seabirds being“captured”by searchlights on land or by the light from gas

226、 flares on marine oil platforms.Migrating at night,birds tend to collide with brightly lit tall buildings.Frogs living near brightly lit highways suffer nocturnal light levels that are as much as a million times brighter than normal,throwing nearly every aspect of their behavior out of joint,includi

227、ng their nighttime breeding choruses.Humans are no less trapped by light pollution than the frogs.Like most other creatures,we do need darkness. Darkness is as essential to our biological welfare,to our internal clockwork,as light itself.Living in a glare of our own making,we have cut ourselves off

228、from our evolutionary and cultural heritagethe light of the stars and the rhythms of day and night.In a very real sense,light pollution causes us to lose sight of our true place in the universe,to forget the scale of our being,which is best measured against the dimensions of a deep night with the Mi

229、lky Waythe edge of our galaxyarching overhead.1.According to the passage,human beings.A.prefer to live in the darknessB.are used to living in the day lightC.were curious about the midnight worldD.had to stay at home with the light of the moon2.What does“it”(Paragraph 1)most probably refer to?A.The n

230、ight.B.The moon.C.The sky.D.The planet.3.The writer mentions birds and frogs to.A.provide examples of animal protectionB.show how light pollution affects animalsC.compare the living habits of both speciesD.explain why the number of certain species has declined4.It is implied in the last paragraph th

231、at.A.light pollution does harm to the eyesight of animalsB.light pollution has destroyed some of the world heritagesC.human beings cannot go to the outer spaceD.human beings should reflect on their position in the universe5.What might be the best title for the passage?A.The Magic Light.B.The Orange

232、Haze.C.The Disappearing Night.D.The Rhythms of Nature.答案1.B2.A3.B4.D5.CPassage 12(2019安徽,E)词数:270Food serves as a form of communication in two fundamental ways.Sharing bread or other foods is a common human tradition that can promote unity and trust.Food can also have a specific meaning,and play a s

233、ignificant role in a family or culture􀆳s celebrations or traditions.The foods we eatand when and how we eat themare often unique to a particular culture or may even differ between rural(农村的)and urban areas within one country.Sharing bread,whether during a special occasion(时刻)or at the famil

234、y dinner table,is a common symbol of togetherness.Many cultures also celebrate birthdays and marriages with cakes that are cut and shared among the guests.Early forms of cake were simply a kind of bread,so this tradition has its roots in the custom of sharing bread.Food also plays an important role

235、in many New Year celebrations.In the southern United States,pieces of corn bread represent blocks of gold for prosperity(兴旺)in the New Year.In Greece,people share a special cake called vasilopita.A coin is put into the cake,which signifies(预示)success in the New Year for the person who receives it.Ma

236、ny cultures have ceremonies to celebrate the birth of a child,and food can play a significant role.In China,when a baby is one month old,families name and welcome their child in a celebration that includes giving red-colored eggs to guests.In many cultures,round foods such as grapes,bread,and moon c

237、akes are eaten at welcome celebrations to represent family unity.Nutrition is necessary for life,so it is not surprising that food is such an important part of different cultures around the world.1.According to the passage,sharing bread.A.indicates a lack of foodB.can help to develop unityC.is a cus

238、tom unique to rural areasD.has its roots in birthday celebrations2.What does the coin in vasilopita signify for its receiver in the New Year?A.Trust.B.Success.C.Health.D.Togetherness.3.The author explains the role of food in celebrations by.A.using examplesB.making comparisonsC.analyzing causesD.des

239、cribing processes4.What is the passage mainly about?A.The custom of sharing food.B.The specific meaning of food.C.The role of food in ceremonies.D.The importance of food in culture.答案1.B2.B3.A4.DPassage 13(2019天津,D)词数:352People aren􀆳t walking any moreif they can figure out a way to avoid it

240、.I felt superior about this matter until the other day I took my car to mail a small parcel.The journey is a matter of 281 steps.But I used the car.And I wasn􀆳t in any hurry,either.I had merely become one more victim of a national sickness:motorosis.It is an illness to which I had thought m

241、yself immune(免疫的),for I was bred in the tradition of going to places on my own two legs.At that time,we regarded 25 miles as a good day􀆳s walk and the ability to cover such a distance in ten hours as a sign of strength and skill.It did not occur to us that walking was a hardship.And the eff

242、ect was lasting.When I was 45 years old I racedand beata teenage football player the 168 steps up the Statue of Liberty.Such enterprises today are regarded by many middle-aged persons as bad for the heart.But a well-known British physician,Sir Adolphe Abrahams,pointed out recently that hearts and bo

243、dies need proper exercise.A person who avoids exercise is more likely to have illnesses than one who exercises regularly.And walking is an ideal form of exercisethe most familiar and natural of all.It was Henry Thoreau who showed mankind the richness of going on foot.The man walking can learn the tr

244、ees,flowers,insects,birds and animals,the significance of seasons,the very feel of himself as a living creature in a living world.He cannot learn in a car.The car is a convenient means of transport,but we have made it our way of life.Many people don􀆳t dare to approach Nature any more;to the

245、m the world they were born to enjoy is all threat.To them security is a steel river thundering on a concrete road.And much of their thinking takes place while waiting for the traffic light to turn green.I say that the green of forests is the mind􀆳s best light.And none but the man on foot ca

246、n evaluate what is basic and everlasting.1.What is the national sickness?A.Walking too much.B.Traveling too much.C.Driving cars too much.D.Climbing stairs too much.2.What was life like when the author was young?A.People usually went around on foot.B.People often walked 25 miles a day.C.People used t

247、o climb the Statue of Liberty.D.People considered a ten-hour walk as a hardship.3.The author mentions Henry Thoreau to prove that.A.middle-aged people like getting back to natureB.walking in nature helps enrich one􀆳s mindC.people need regular exercise to keep fitD.going on foot prevents hea

248、rt disease4.What is compared to“a steel river”in Paragraph 6?A.A queue of cars.B.A ray of traffic light.C.A flash of lightning.D.A stream of people.5.What is the author􀆳s intention of writing this passage?A.To tell people to reflect more on life.B.To recommend people to give up driving.C.To

249、 advise people to do outdoor activities.D.To encourage people to return to walking.答案1.C2.A3.B4.A5.D第三组议论文、应用文Passage 1(2019课标全国,D)词数:332The meaning of silence varies among cultural groups.Silences may be thoughtful, or they may be empty when a person has nothing to say. A silence in a conversation

250、may also show stubbornness, uneasiness, or worry. Silence may be viewed by some cultural groups as extremely uncomfortable; therefore attempts may be made to fill every gap(间隙)with conversation. Persons in other cultural groups value silence and view it as necessary for understanding a person⣺

251、11;s needs.Many Native Americans value silence and feel it is a basic part of communicating among people, just as some traditional Chinese and Thai persons do. Therefore, when a person from one of these cultures is speaking and suddenly stops, what may be implied(暗示) is that the person wants the lis

252、tener to consider what has been said before continuing. In these cultures, silence is a call for reflection.Other cultures may use silence in other ways, particularly when dealing with conflicts among people or in relationships of people with different amounts of power. For example, Russian, French,

253、 and Spanish persons may use silence to show agreement between parties about the topic under discussion. However, Mexicans may use silence when instructions are given by a person in authority rather than be rude to that person by arguing with him or her. In still another use, persons in Asian cultur

254、es may view silence as a sign of respect, particularly to an elder or a person in authority.Nurses and other care-givers need to be aware of the possible meanings of silence when they come across the personal anxiety their patients may be experiencing. Nurses should recognize their own personal and

255、cultural construction of silence so that a patient􀆳s silence is not interrupted too early or allowed to go on unnecessarily. A nurse who understands the healing(治愈)value of silence can use this understanding to assist in the care of patients from their own and from other cultures.1.What doe

256、s the author say about silence in conversations?A.It implies anger.B.It promotes friendship.C.It is culture-specific.D.It is content-based.2.Which of the following people might regard silence as a call for careful thought?A.The Chinese.B.The French.C.The Mexicans.D.The Russians.3.What does the autho

257、r advise nurses to do about silence?A.Let it continue as the patient pleases.B.Break it while treating patients.C.Evaluate its harm to patients.D.Make use of its healing effects.4.What may be the best title for the text?A.Sound and SilenceB.What It Means to Be SilentC.Silence to Native AmericansD.Sp

258、eech Is Silver; Silence Is Gold答案1.C2.A3.D4.BPassage 2(2019重庆,C)词数:257Join the discussion.Lakelander2 hours agoToday,a man talked very loud on his phone on a train between Malvern and Reading,making many passengers upset.I wonder how he would react if I were to read my newspaper out loud on the trai

259、n.I have never had the courage to do it,though.Pak5057 minutes agoWhy not give it a try?Perhaps you should take lessons on a musical instrument.The late musician Dennis Brain is said to have asked a fellow train passenger to turn off his radio.When his request was refused,he took out his French horn

260、(号)and started to practise.Angie O􀆳Edema42 minutes agoI don􀆳t see how musical instruments can help improve manners in public.Don􀆳t do to others what you wouldn􀆳t like to be done to yourself.Once,a passenger next to me talked out loud on his mobile phone.I left my

261、seat quietly,giving him some privacy to finish his conversation.He realised this and apologised to me.When his phone rang again later,he left his seat to answer it.You see,a bit of respect and cooperation can do the job better.Taodas29 minutes agoI did read my newspaper out loud on a train,and it tu

262、rned out well.The guy took it in good part,and we chatted happily all the way to Edinburgh.Sophie7613 minutes agoI have not tried reading my newspaper out loud on a train,but,several years ago,I read some chapters from Harry Potter to my bored and noisy children.Several passengers seemed to apprecia

263、te what I did.1.The passenger made an apology to Angie O􀆳Edema because.A.he offered his seat to someone elseB.he spoke very loudly on his phoneC.he refused to talk with AngieD.he ignored Angie􀆳s request2.Who once read a newspaper out loud on a train? A.Pak50. B.Angie O􀆳Ede

264、ma.C.Taodas.D.Sophie76.3.What is the discussion mainly about?A.How to react to bad behavior.B.How to kill time on a train.C.How to chat with strangers.D.How to make a phone call.4.Where is the passage most probably taken from?A.A webpage.B.A newspaper.C.A novel.D.A report.答案1.B2.C3.A4.APassage 3(201

265、9重庆,E)词数:266It􀆳s generally believed that people act the way they do because of their personalities and attitudes.They recycle their garbage because they care about the environment.They pay $5 for a caramel brule latte because they like expensive coffee drinks.It􀆳s undeniable that b

266、ehavior comes from our inner dispositions(性情),but in many instances we also draw inferences about who we are,as suggested by the social psychologist Daryl Bem,by observing our own behavior.We can be strangers to ourselves.If we knew our own minds,why would we need to guess what our preferences are f

267、rom our behavior?If our minds were an open book,we would know exactly how much we care about the environment or like lattes.Actually,we often need to look to our behavior to figure out who we are.Moreover,we don􀆳t just use our behavior to learn about our particular types of characterwe infe

268、r characters that weren􀆳t there before.Our behavior is often shaped by little pressures around us,which we fail to recognize.Maybe we recycle because our wives and neighbors would disapprove if we didn􀆳t.Maybe we buy lattes in order to impress the people around us.We should not mis

269、takenly believe that we always behave as a result of some inner disposition.Whatever pressures there can be or inferences one can make,people become what they do,though it may not be in compliance(符合)with their true desires.Therefore,we should all bear in mind Kurt Vonnegut􀆳s advice:“We are

270、 what we pretend to be,so we must be careful about what we pretend to be.”1.According to the passage,personalities and attitudes are commonly believed to.A.determine one􀆳s behaviorB.reflect one􀆳s tasteC.influence one􀆳s surroundingsD.result from one􀆳s habits2.Which

271、 of the following would Daryl Bem most probably agree with?A.The return of a wallet can indicate one􀆳s honesty.B.A kind person will offer his seat to the old.C.One recycles plastics to protect the environment.D.One buys latte out of true love of coffee.3.What can be inferred from the underl

272、ined sentence in the passage?A.We fail to realize our inner dispositions.B.We can be influenced by outside pressures.C.Our behavior is the result of our true desires.D.Our characters can shape our social relationships.4.What does the author mainly discuss in the passage?A.Personalities and attitudes

273、.B.Preferences and habits.C.Behavior and personalities.D.Attitudes and preferences.答案1.A2.A3.B4.CPassage 4(2019浙江,C)词数:426Last summer,two nineteenth-century cottages were rescued from remote farm fields in Montana,to be moved to an Art Deco building in San Francisco.The houses were made of wood.Thes

274、e cottages once housed early settlers as they worked the dry Montana soil;now they hold Twitter engineers.The cottages could be an example of the industry􀆳s odd love affair with “low technology”,a concept associated with the natural world,and with old-school craftsmanship(手艺)that exists lon

275、g before the Internet era.Low technology is not virtual(虚拟的)so,to take advantage of it,Internet companies have had to get creative.The rescued wood cottages,fitted by hand in the late eighteen-hundreds,are an obvious example,but Twitter􀆳s designs lie on the extreme end.Other companies are u

276、sing a broader interpretation(阐释)of low technology that focuses on nature.Amazon is building three glass spheres filled with trees,so that employees can “work and socialize in a more natural,park-like setting”.At Google􀆳s office,an entire floor is carpeted in grass.Facebook􀆳s secon

277、d Menlo Park campus will have a rooftop park with a walking trail.Olle Lundberg,the founder of Lundberg Design,has worked with many tech companies over the years.“We have lost the connection to the maker in our lives,and our tech engineers are the ones who feel most impoverished(贫乏的),because they

278、049011;re surrounded by the digital world,”he says.“They􀆳re looking for a way to regain their individual identity,and we􀆳ve found that introducing real crafts is one way to do that.”This craft-based theory is rooted in history.William Morris,the English artist and writer,turned bac

279、k to pre-indu-strial arts in the eighteen-sixties,just after the Industrial Revolution.The Arts and Crafts movement defined itself against machines.“Without creative human occupation,people became disconnected from life,”Morris said.Research has shown that natural environments can restore(恢复)our men

280、tal capacities.In Japan,patients are encouraged to “forest-bathe”,taking walks through woods to lower their blood pressure.These health benefits apply to the workplace as well.Rachel Kaplan,a professor of environmental psychology,has spent years researching the restorative effects of natural environ

281、ments.Her research found that workers with access to nature at the officeeven simple views of trees and flowersfelt their jobs were less stressful and more satisfying.If low-tech offices can potentially nourish the brains and improve the mental health of employees then,fine,bring on the cottages.1.T

282、he writer mentions the two nineteenth-century cottages to show that.A.Twitter is having a hard timeB.old cottages are in need of protectionC.early settlers once suffered from a dry climate in MontanaD.Internet companies have rediscovered the benefits of low technology2.Low technology is regarded as

283、something that.A.is related to natureB.is out of date todayC.consumes too much energyD.exists in the virtual world3.The main idea of Paragraph 5 is that human beings.A.have destroyed many pre-industrial artsB.have a tradition of valuing arts and craftsC.can become intelligent by learning historyD.ca

284、n regain their individual identity by using machines4.The writer􀆳s attitude to “low technology” can best be described as.A.positiveB.defensiveC.cautiousD.doubtful5.What might be the best title for the passage?A.Past Glories,Future Dreams.B.The Virtual World,the Real Challenge.C.High-tech Co

285、mpanies,Low-tech Offices.D.The More Craftsmanship,the Less Creativity.答案1.D2.A3.B4.A5.CPassage 5(2019湖北,B)词数:381London􀆳s newest skyscraper(摩天大楼)is called the Shard and it cost about 430 million pounds to build.At a height of almost 310 metres,it is the tallest building in Europe.The Shard h

286、as completely changed the appearance of London.However,not everyone thinks that it is a change for the better.The Shard was designed by the famous Italian architect Renzo Piano.When he began designing the Shard for London,Piano wanted a very tall building that looked like a spire(尖顶).He wanted the g

287、lass surfaces to reflect the sky and the city.The sides of the building aren􀆳t regular.So the building has an unusual shape.It looks like a very thin,sharp piece of broken glass.And that is how the building got the name:the Shard.Piano says that the spire shape of the Shard is part of a gre

288、at London tradition.The shape reminds him of the spires of the churches of London or the tall masts(桅杆)of the ships that were once on the river Thames.The Shard has 87 floors.At the top,there is an observatory.At the moment the building is empty,but eventually there will be a five-star hotel.There w

289、ill also be top quality restaurants,apartments and offices.Before building work began,a lot of people didn􀆳t want the Shard though the plans were approved.Now they are still unhappy about the Shard.Some critics say that such a tall skyscraper might be good in a city like New York,but not in

290、 London.They say that the best thing about the Shard is its spire shape.But that is the only thing.There is no decoration,only flat surfaces.The Egyptians did that 4,500 years ago.They also think the Shard is too big for London.It destroys the beauty of the city.Other critics don􀆳t like wha

291、t the Shard seems to represent.They say that the Shard shows how London is becoming more unequal.Only very rich people can afford to buy the expensive private apartments and stay in the hotel.But the people who live near the Shard are among the poorest in London.So the Shard seems a symbol of the di

292、vision in society between the very rich and the poor.The Shard now dominates the London skyline.It is not certain,however,that ordinary London citizens will ever accept it as a valuable addition to the city.1.London􀆳s newest skyscraper is called the Shard because of.A.its sizeB.its costC.it

293、s shapeD.its height2.When he designed the Shard,Piano wanted it to.A.change London􀆳s skylineB.inherit London􀆳s traditionC.imitate the Egyptian styleD.attract potential visitors3.The critics who refer to social division think the Shard.A.is only preferred by the richB.is far away fr

294、om the poor areaC.is intended for wealthy peopleD.is popular only with Londoners4.Which would be the best title for the passage?A.The Shard:Cheers and ClapsB.The Shard:Work of a Great ArchitectC.The Shard:New Symbol of London?D.The Shard:A Change for the Better?答案1.C2.B3.C4.DPassage 6(2019福建,D)词数:32

295、6Perhaps you think you could easily add to your happiness with more money.Strange as it may seem,if you􀆳re unsatisfied,the issue is not a lack of means to meet your desires but a lack of desiresnot that you cannot satisfy your tastes but that you don􀆳t have enough tastes.Real riche

296、s consist of well-developed and hearty capacities(能力)to enjoy life.Most people are already swamped(淹没)with things.They eat,wear,go and talk too much.They live in too big a house with too many rooms,yet their house of life is a hut.Your house of life ought to be a mansion(豪宅),a royal palace.Every new

297、 taste,every additional interest,every fresh enthusiasm adds a room.Here are several rooms your house of life should have.Art should be a desire for you to develop simply because the world is full of beautiful things.If you only understood how to enjoy them and feed your spirit on them,they would ma

298、ke you as happy as to find plenty of ham and eggs when you􀆳re hungry.Literature,classic literature,is a beautiful,richly furnished room where you might find many an hour of rest and refreshment.To gain that love would go toward making you a rich person,for a rich person is not someone who h

299、as a library but who likes a library.Music like Mozart􀆳s and Bach􀆳s shouldn􀆳t be absent.Real riches are of the spirit.And when you􀆳ve brought that spirit up to where classical music feeds it and makes you a little drunk,you have increased your thrills and bettered

300、 them.And life is a matter of thrills.Sports,without which you remain poor,mean a lot in life.No matter who you are,you would be more human,and your house of life would be better supported against the bad days,if you could,and did,play a bit.Whatever rooms you might add to your house of life,the sec

301、ret of enjoying life is to keep adding.1.The author intends to tell us that.A.true happiness lies in achieving wealth by fair meansB.big houses are people􀆳s most valued possessionsC.big houses can in a sense bring richness of lifeD.true happiness comes from spiritual riches2.The underlined

302、sentence in the second paragraph probably implies that.A.however materially rich,they never seem to be satisfiedB.however materially rich,they remain spiritually poorC.though their house is big,they prefer a simple lifeD.though their house is big,it seems to be a cage3.It can be learned from the pas

303、sage that.A.more money brings more happinessB.art is needed to make your house beautifulC.literature can enrich your spiritual lifeD.sports contribute mainly to your physical fitness4.What would be the best title for the passage?A.House of LifeB.Secret of WealthC.Rest and RefreshmentD.Interest and E

304、nthusiasm答案1.D2.B3.C4.APassage 7(2019重庆,E)词数:270It is widely known that any English conversation begins with The Weather.Such a fixation with the weather finds expression in Dr.Johnson􀆳s famous comment that“When two English meet,their first talk is of weather.”Though Johnson􀆳s obse

305、rvation is as accurate now as it was over two hundred years ago,most commentators fail to come up with a convincing explanation for this English weather-speak.Bill Bryson,for example,concludes that,as the English weather is not at all exciting,the obsession with it can hardly be understood.He argues

306、 that“To an outsider,the most striking thing about the English weather is that there is not very much of it.”Simply,the reason is that the unusual and unpredictable weather is almost unknown in the British Isles.Jeremy Paxman,however,disagrees with Bryson,arguing that the English weather is by natur

307、e attractive.Bryson is wrong,he says,because the English preference for the weather has nothing to do with the natural phenomena.“The interest is less in the phenomena themselves,but in uncertainty.”According to him,the weather in England is very changeable and uncertain and it attracts the English

308、as well as the outsider.Bryson and Paxman stand for common misconceptions about the weather-speak among the English.Both commentators,somehow,are missing the point.The English weather conversation is not really about the weather at all.English weather-speak is a system of signs,which is developed to

309、 help the speakers overcome the natural reserve and actually talk to each other.Everyone knows conversations starting with weather-speak are not requests for weather data.Rather,they are routine greetings,conversation starters or the blank“fillers”.In other words,English weather-speak is a means of

310、social bonding.1.The author mentions Dr.Johnson􀆳s comment to show that.A.most commentators agree with Dr.JohnsonB.Dr.Johnson is famous for his weather observationC.the comment was accurate two hundred years agoD.English conversations usually start with the weather2.What does the underlined

311、word“obsession”most probably refer to?A.A social trend. B.An emotional state.C.A historical concept. D.An unknown phenomenon.3.According to the passage,Jeremy Paxman believes that.A.Bill Bryson has little knowledge of the weatherB.there is nothing special about the English weatherC.the English weath

312、er attracts people to the British IslesD.English people talk about the weather for its uncertainty4.What is the author􀆳s main purpose of writing the passage?A.To explain what English weather-speak is about.B.To analyse misconceptions about the English weather.C.To find fault with both Bill

313、Bryson and Jeremy Paxman.D.To convince people that the English weather is changeable.答案1.D2.B3.D4.APassage 8(2019江苏,B)词数:332We􀆳ve considered several ways of paying to cut in line:hiring line standers,buying tickets from scalpers(票贩子),or purchasing line-cutting privileges directly from,say,a

314、n airline or an amusement park.Each of these deals replaces the morals of the queue(waiting your turn)with the morals of the market(paying a price for faster service).Markets and queuespaying and waitingare two different ways of allocating things,and each is appropriate to different activities.The m

315、orals of the queue,“First come,first served”have an egalitarian(平等主义的)appeal.They tell us to ignore privilege,power,and deep pockets.The principle seems right on playgrounds and at bus stops.But the morals of the queue do not govern all occasions.If I put my house up for sale,I have no duty to accep

316、t the first offer that comes along,simply because it􀆳s the first.Selling my house and waiting for a bus are different activities,properly governed by different standards.Sometimes standards change,and it is unclear which principle should apply.Think of the recorded message you hear,played o

317、ver and over,as you wait on hold when calling your bank:“Your call will be answered in the order in which it was received.”This is essential for the morals of the queue.It􀆳s as if the company is trying to ease our impatience with fairness.But don􀆳t take the recorded message too ser

318、iously.Today,some people􀆳s calls are answered faster than others.Call center technology enables companies to “score”incoming calls and to give faster service to those that come from rich places.You might call this telephonic queue jumping.Of course,markets and queues are not the only ways o

319、f allocating things.Some goods we distribute by merit,others by need,still others by chance.However,the tendency of markets to replace queues,and other non-market ways of allocating goods is so common in modern life that we scarcely notice it anymore.It is striking that most of the paid queue-jumpin

320、g schemes we􀆳ve consideredat airports and amusement parks,in call centers,doctors􀆳 offices,and national parksare recent developments,scarcely imaginable three decades ago.The disappearance of the queues in these places may seem an unusual concern,but these are not the only places t

321、hat markets have entered.1.According to the author,which of the following seems governed by the principle“First come,first served”?A.Taking buses.B.Buying houses.C.Flying with an airline.D.Visiting amusement parks.2.The example of the recorded message in Paragraphs 4 and 5 illustrates.A.the necessit

322、y of patience in queuing B.the advantage of modern technologyC.the uncertainty of allocation principle D.the fairness of telephonic services3.The passage is meant to.A.justify paying for faster services B.discuss the morals of allocating things C.analyze the reason for standing in line D.criticize t

323、he behavior of queue jumping答案1.A2.C3.B【三年模拟】A组20192019年模拟基础题组第一组记叙文、说明文Passage 1 (2019温州十校联合体10月联考,A)词数:267The picture of George Washington is on the one-dollar bill. He served as America􀆳s first president from 1789 to 1797. President Washington has been called the “Father of his country”.

324、The third president of the United States, Thomas Jefferson, is on the two-dollar bill. He was the main writer of “the Declaration of Independence” in 1776. Jefferson was one of the most influential of the nation􀆳s Founding Fathers. He was also a plant expert, architect, musician and invento

325、r.Another of America􀆳s greatest presidents, Abraham Lincoln, is on the five-dollar bill. He served as the sixteenth president from 1861 until 1865. He successfully led the country through the Civil War, saved the Union and ended slavery.The picture of Alexander Hamilton appears on the ten-d

326、ollar bill. Hamilton was never elected president. But he was the first Secretary of the Treasury and one of the Founding Fathers. He was also an economist and political philosopher.Andrew Jackson was the seventh president, serving from 1829 to 1837. He supported popular democracy(民主) and individual

327、liberty(自由). His picture is on the twenty-dollar bill.Another president is on the fifty-dollar bill. Ulysses S. Grant served from 1869 to 1877. Before serving as president, Grant was military commander of Union forces during the Civil War. Under his command, the Union Army defeated Confederate force

328、s.So who do you think is on the one hundred-dollar bill? It is Benjamin Franklin. Franklin was never elected president, but was one of the Founding Fathers. He was also a leading writer and printer, political thinker, politician, postmaster, scientist, inventor, civil activist, and diplomat.1.The de

329、sign of the bills shows that Americans value their people􀆳s .A.talents in many ways B.success in their jobs C.inventions in new fieldsD.contributions to the country2.For hundreds of years, those historic men on the bills fought for the nation􀆳s .A.richness and powerB.independence a

330、nd people􀆳s rightsC.peace and success D.pride and glory3.Which of the following might be the best title for the text?A.Men on the Money B.The Design of the US BillsC.History on the Money D.The Story of the US Bills答案1.D2.B3.APassage 2 (2019浙江五校联考,C)词数:310It used to be a matter of fact when

331、Peter Pana character from James Matthew Barrie􀆳s booksaid, “All children, except one, grow up.”But this “fact” doesn􀆳t seem to apply to today􀆳s world anymore.According to the NPD Group, a US market research company, sales of toys to adults in the UK increased by more than

332、20 percent in 2019, three times the pace of the children􀆳s toy market itself. These toys ranged from puzzles and Lego building sets to vehicle models and action figures. And more than half of the sales came from millennialspeople born between the 1980s and 2019s.“Adults of the 21st century

333、are channeling their inner child, one toy at a time,” commented website Koreaboo. This is also why these adults are sometimes referred to as “kidults”.According to Frederique Tutt, an analyst at NPD, the motivation of these grown-ups is to escape the stress of today􀆳s fast-paced world. They

334、 are driven toward the more immediate pleasures brought by toys than those brought by getting a promotion, which is far less easy to achieve.“It reminds me of the playful side of life,” Rob Willner, a 25-year-old PhD student in the UK, told The Telegraph when talking about his love for Lego, which h

335、e said brings him both comfort and entertainment.Despite this, some social scientists see the trend as disturbing. “The fact that so many adults are pursuing the thrills of youth is the evidence that adulthood has got nothing attractive about it anymore,” Professor Frank Furendi told The New York Ti

336、mes. “That􀆳s actually quite sad.”But scientists are probably just worrying too much. According to Canadian comic book artist Todd McFarlane, collecting toys could simply be a way for people to express their individuality.“It􀆳s just pop culture stuff. It􀆳s stuff that says,

337、I like a little of this and I like a little of that,” he told ABC News. “It􀆳s no big deal.”So now that over 100 years has passed since Peter Pan, perhaps it􀆳s time to introduce a new “fact”, as stated in the tag line of the UK fashion brand KIDULT: “Growing old is mandatory, but gr

338、owing up is optional.”1.What does the underlined sentence in Paragraph 2 imply?A.Something old is not suitable for a new world.B.Many adults still have some childlike features.C.All children grow up as they become adults.D.It􀆳s difficult for some children to grow up in today􀆳s worl

339、d.2.Which of the following statements is true?A.Frederique Tutt believes that some adults enjoy playing with children􀆳s toys to escape the stress.B.Rob Willner believes that the pleasure brought by toys is easier to achieve.C.Frank Furendi believes that the thrill of youth does not attract

340、adults.D.Todd McFarlane is worrying too much about collecting toys.3.What is the writer􀆳s attitude towards the trend of growing kidults? A.Supportive.B.Doubtful.C.Critical.D.Indifferent.4.What can be the best title for the passage?A.Growing old or growing upB.Toy sales on the riseC.Staying

341、young foreverD.Kidults in fashion again答案1.B2.A3.A4.C Passage 3(2019浙江杭州四校高三期中,A)词数:312Mr. Peter Johnson, aged twenty-three, battled for half an hour to escape from his trapped car yesterday when it landed upside down in three feet of water. Mr. Johnson took the only escape routethrough the boot(行李厢

342、).Mr. Johnson􀆳s car had finished up in a ditch at Romney Marsin, Kent after skidding on the ice and hitting a bank. “Fortunately, the water began to come in slowly,”Mr. Johnson said. “I couldn􀆳t force the doors because they were jammed against the walls of the ditch and dared not o

343、pen the windows because I knew water would come flooding in.” Mr. Johnson, a sweet salesman of Sitting Home, Kent, first tried to attract the attention of other motorists by sounding the horn and hammering on the roof. Then he began his struggle to escape.Later he said, “It was really a penny that s

344、aved my life. It was the only coin I had in my pocket and I used it to unscrew the back seat to get into the boot. I hammered desperately with a hammer, trying to make someone hear, but no help came.”It took ten minutes to unscrew the seat, and a further five minutes to clear the sweet samples from

345、the boot. Then Mr. Johnson found a wrench and began to work on the boot lock. Fifteen minutes passed. “It was the only chance I had. Finally it gave, but as soon as I moved the boot lid, the water and mud poured in. I forced the lid down into the mud and scrambled clear as the car filled up.”With hi

346、s hands and arms cut and bruised(擦伤), Mr. Johnson got to Beckett Farm nearby, where he was looked after by the farmer􀆳s wife, Mrs. Lucy Bates. Trembling in a blanket, he said, “That thirty minutes seemed like hours.” Only the tips of the wheels were visible, police said last night. The vehi

347、cle had sunk into two feet of mud at the bottom of the ditch.1.What is the best title of this newspaper article?A.The Story of Mr. Johnson, a Sweet SalesmanB.Car Boot Can Serve as the Best Escape RouteC.Driver Escapes through the BootD.The Driver Survived a Terrible Car Accident2.The underlined sent

348、ence in Paragraph 5 “Finally it gave” means that.A.luckily the door was broken down in the endB.at last the wrench was brokenC.the lock opened after all his effortsD.the chance was lost at the last minute3.It can be inferred from the passage that.A.the ditch was along a quiet country roadB.the accid

349、ent happened on a clear and warm dayC.the police helped Mr. Johnson get out of the ditchD.Mr. Johnson had a tender wife and was well attended to答案1.C2.C3.APassage 4(2019浙江诸暨中学期中,A)词数:398It was unusually quiet in the emergency room on December 25.I was a nurse and was on duty that day. I didn𙧅

350、1;t think there would be any patients, and complained about having to work on Christmas. Just then five people showed up at my desk, a pale woman and four small children.“Are you all sick?” I asked.“Yes,” she said weakly and lowered her head.But when they described their problems, things got a littl

351、e unclear. Two of the children had headaches, but the headaches weren􀆳t accompanied by the normal body language of holding the head or trying to keep it still. Two children had ear aches, but only one could tell me which ear was affected. The mother complained of a cough but seemed to work

352、to produce it.Something was wrong, but I didn􀆳t say anything but explained that it might be a little while before a doctor saw her. She responded, “Take your time; it􀆳s warm in here.”I checked the chart after the clerk had finished registering(登记) the family. No addressthey were ho

353、meless. The waiting room was warm. I saw the family gathering close together by the Christmas tree. The youngest one was pointing at the television and saying something to her mother excitedly. The oldest one was looking at the decorations on the Christmas tree.I went back to the nurses􀆳 st

354、ation and mentioned that we had a homeless family in the waiting room. The nurses, complaining about working on Christmas, turned to show compassion(同情) for a family just trying to get warm on Christmas. The team went into action, much as we do when there􀆳s a medical emergency. But this one

355、 was a Christmas emergency.We were all offered a free meal in the hospital cafeteria on Christmas Day, so we took back that meal and prepared a large meal for our Christmas guests. We needed presents. We put together oranges and apples in a basket. We collected candies, crayons and other things avai

356、lable that could be presents from different departments. Our team worked to meet the physical needs of the patients, and exceed the expectations of a family who just wanted to be warm on Christmas Day.Later, as the family walked to the door to leave, the four-year-old came running back, gave me a hu

357、g and whispered, “Thanks for being our angels today.”1.When all the nurses heard about the homeless family, they.A.complained about being disturbed on ChristmasB.took pity on them and prepared a special gift for themC.treated them as quickly as possibleD.drove them away immediately2.What does the un

358、derlined word “exceed” in Para.8 mean? A.createB.do more thanC.do less thanD.lower3.What would be the best title for the passage?A.Working on Christmas DayB.Christmas nursesC.Medical mattersD.Cold Christmas答案1.B2.B3.APassage 5(2019浙江绿色评价联盟11月联考,C)词数:352Do animals have emotions? Of course they do. Ju

359、st look at their faces, tails and bodies. What we see on the outside tells us a lot about what􀆳s happening inside their heads and hearts. Animal emotions aren􀆳t all that mysterious. Then how can we measure animals􀆳 emotions?A new study of animals􀆳 emotions suggest

360、s that, emotions can tell animals about how dangerous their world is, and guide the choices that they make. The article of the study by Bristol University􀆳s professor Mike Mendl was published online.An animal living in an environment where it is often threatened by predators(捕食者)will develo

361、p a negative emotion or “mood”,such as anxiety. However, one in an environment with plenty of opportunities to get resources for survival will be in a more positive mood.The researchers say that these emotional states not only show the animal􀆳s experiences, but they also help it decide how

362、to make choices, especially in unclear situations. This could have good or bad results. An animal in a negative mood will make a “pessimistic” response to an unclear event. For example, it considers a noise in the grass as a signal of the predator. At the same time, an animal in a positive mood will

363、 benefit from a more “optimistic” response. It considers the noise as a signal of prey(猎物).Professor Mike Mendl, the head of the Animal Welfare and Behavior Research Group at Bristol University􀆳s School of Clinical Veterinary Science said,“We can useoptimistic or pessimistic decision-making

364、 as a symbol of an animal􀆳s emotional state. Recent studies by our group and others suggest that this is a new approach to studying a variety of animal species.”“Public interest in animal welfare remains high, with widespread concern about the way in which animals are treated, used and incl

365、uded in society. To understand how animals should be treated, we need to better understand their emotional lives!”Mike Mendl said. The researchers believe Mike Mendl􀆳s study can help them to better understand and assess an animal􀆳s emotions.1.The animal seems more likely to feel an

366、xious if.A.it is left in an unclear and strange environmentB.it hears a sudden noise from the grass nearbyC.its survival benefits from the resources available aroundD.it is often attacked by some larger animals or hunters2.We can infer from the passage that.A.pessimistic emotional state is harmful f

367、or the animals􀆳 survivalB.assessing animal􀆳s emotional state is no easy task for scientistsC.environment has an influence on animals􀆳 emotional stateD.people show great concern for animals􀆳 emotional lives3.Which of the following might be the best title for the te

368、xt?A.Approaches to Measuring Animals􀆳 EmotionsB.Emotions Guide Animals to Make ChoicesC.Symbols of Animals􀆳 Emotional StatesD.Living Environment of Wild Animals答案1.D2.C3.B第二组议论文、应用文Passage 6(2019年宁波十校联考,A)词数:276Sometimes you feel like you never have enough time in the day. You fall

369、 behind in job duties and chores until you feel anxious and overwhelmed. Yet, if you are able to manage time you will be able to complete what needs to be done punctually(准时地), which will please your employer and also remove a heavy burden from your shoulders. When you fail to meet deadlines and you

370、􀆳re always working on a project until the very last minute, the quality of your work could suffer and your boss will not be impressed. Then life becomes much easier when you know how to manage your time.A failure to manage your time effectively at work will also have an influence on your ho

371、me life. If you procrastinate when you should be working and fail to complete the goals you have set yourself for the day, you might have to take work home with you. Instead of spending time with your children and partner or socializing with friends, you find yourself stuck behind a computer or work

372、ing through pages of notes.By learning to manage your time effectively, you will be able to get more done at work, which will help you feel positive about your contribution in the workplace. Your ability to get things done will also reflect positively on you and prove to your colleagues that you are

373、 prepared to work hard. If you are able to achieve a lot at work, you may not need to bring any work home with you and simply be able to relax.Managing your time can be a challenge when you have so many little jobs that need doing and seemingly not enough time to do them. However, you have to be abl

374、e to break down all the tasks that have to be completed and give your entire focus to each task at a time. Eventually, you should be able to get the hang of it and you will be able to see the benefits of effective time management skills for yourself.1.According to this text, what will please a boss?

375、A.Making action-packed schedules in advance.B.Getting the job done effectively and punctually.C.Working around the clock every day.D.Establishing a harmonious relationship with colleagues.2.Which of the following phrases has the closest meaning to the underlined word “procrastinate”in Paragraph 2?A.

376、Amuse oneself. B.Hang out.C.Drag one􀆳s feet. D.Hold up.3.Which can be concluded from the text?A.Time tries all. B.Time works wonders.C.Time is effectiveness.D.Time is money. 答案1.B2.B3.CB组20192019年模拟提升题组Passage 1(2019宁波重高联盟,A)词数:361Since 1989, Dave Thomas, who died at age 69, was one of the

377、most recognizable faces on TV. He appeared in more than 800 commercials (广告) for the hamburger chain named for his daughter. “As long as it works,” he said in 1991, “I􀆳ll continue to do those commercials.”Even though he was successful, Thomas remained troubled by his childhood. “He still wo

378、n􀆳t let anyone see his feet, which are out of shape because he never had proper-fitting shoes,” Wendy said in 1993. Born to a single mother, he was adopted (收养) as a baby by Rex and Auleva Thomas of Kalamazoo in Michigan. After Auleva died when he was 5, Thomas spent years on the road as Re

379、x traveled around seeking construction work. “He fed me,” Thomas said, “and if I got out of line, he􀆳d beat me.”Moving out on his own at 15, Thomas worked, first as a waiter, in many restaurants. But he had something much better in mind. “I thought if I owned a restaurant,” he said, “I coul

380、d eat for free.” A 1956 meeting with Harland Sanders led Thomas to a career as the manager of a Kentucky Fried Chicken restaurant that made him a millionaire in 1968.In 1969, after breaking with Sanders, Thomas started the first Wendy􀆳s Old Fashioned Hamburgers, in Columbus, Ohio, which set

381、 itself apart by serving made-to-order burgers. With 6,000 restaurants worldwide, the chain now makes $6 billion a year in sales.Although troubled by his own experience with adoption, Thomas, married since 1954 to Lorraine, 66, and with four grown kids besides Wendy, felt it could offer a future for

382、 other children. He started the Dave Thomas Foundation (基金会) for Adoption in 1992.In 1993, Thomas, who had left school at 15, graduated from Coconut Greek High School in Florida. He even took Lorraine to the graduation dance party. The kids voted him Most Likely to Succeed.“The Dave you saw on TV wa

383、s the real Dave,” says friend Pat Williams. “He wasn􀆳t a great actor or a great speaker. He was just Joe Everybody.”1.What is the article mainly about?A.The life of Dave Thomas.B.The dream of Dave Thomas.C.The schooling of Dave Thomas.D.The growth of Dave Thomas􀆳s business.2.Choose

384、 the right time order of the following events in Thomas􀆳s life.a.graduated from high schoolb.started his own businessc.became a millionaired.started a foundatione.met Harland Sanders A.e,b,c,d,aB.a,e,c,b,d C.e,c,b,d,a D.a,e,b,c,d3.“He was just Joe Everybody.” (in the last paragraph) means .

385、A.Dave was famousB.Dave was ordinaryC.Dave was showy D.Dave was shy答案1.A2.C3.BPassage 2 (2019金丽衢三地市联考,A)词数:342Shortly after my fourth birthday, my parents and I arrived from China in Sydney, Australia. It was 1991 and my mother had left behind everything she knewfamily, friends and career.Yet within

386、 two years, my parents􀆳 marriage had broken down. After one particularly unpleasant fight, my mother left my father, taking me with her. With no family or friends, and in a country where she couldn􀆳t even communicate, she took me to Chinatown, the only area of Sydney she was famili

387、ar with. That night she laid me on a bench in Dixon Street, packing suitcases around us for security. I will never forget the despair in her face that night.At around 4 am, a group of four young Chinese men noisily exited a club nearby. I remember them falling silent as they saw us. They approached

388、and asked my mother why she was sleeping on the street with such a young child. My mum burst into tears as she told them our story. Without hesitating, they bundled me up, took our suitcases, and drove us to their students housing.In the weeks that followed, the men looked after us with a youthful e

389、nthusiasm. Being poor students living on their own for the first time, they simply knew how to cook in a clumsy way. However, they insisted that a child should have home-made meals. They quickly adjusted their lives around us, buying fresh food, cooking, teasing me to make me laugh, and advising my

390、mum on how to sort out her life.Eventually, Mum reconciled (和解) with Dad and we moved back in with him, although they continued to split and make up several times.Gradually we lost touch with the men as we all moved on. But at every milestone of my lifegraduations, entering university, getting a goo

391、d jobI never forget that all of this was made possible because 22 years ago, a group of complete strangers took us in and shared everything they had to save us from life on the street.1.Why did Mom and I stay in Dixon Street that night?A.We were waiting for the Chinese men.B.Mom knew nobody in Austr

392、alia at all.C.It was safe to stay there for night.D.We had no other place to go.2.How did the students feel the moment they saw us in the street?A.Ashamed. B.Shocked.C.Amused. D.Nervous.3.What message is conveyed in the passage?A.There is no perfect husband or wife in marriage.B.It is the timely hel

393、p to someone in need that counts.C.It􀆳s a great challenge for the Chinese to study abroad.D.Childhood memory functions to guide present behavior.答案1.D2.B3.BPassage 3(2019浙江名校协作体10月联考,C)词数:385A hospital has been forced to ban Pokemon Go players from the site after a monster hub(妖怪枢纽站) was fo

394、und in the A&E department. Royal Stoke University Hospital discovered that its casualty unit is on the same spot as a Pokemon Go “gym”where players can train their newly caught Nintendo creatures.The University Hospitals of North Midlands Trust agreed last week that patients can play Pokemon Go on w

395、ards because walking around is healthy. But the Trust has been forced to post a warning on its website about public access to A&E. It said if Pokemon Go becomes a major annoyance it would ask Nintendowhich decides on the locations of the virtual gyms by using GPSto have it removed from the premises.

396、Kevin Parker, associate chief nurse, said, “Members of the public who do not need to be at Royal Stoke should not attempt to enter A&E or any other part of the hospital building to play the game. The A&E department is incredibly busy this summer. We want the public to understand that anybody who vis

397、its the hospital solely to play the game will bring an unwanted distraction to the important work of the hospital. I􀆳m also aware of various reports in the media of unsafe areas where the game has been played.”“Royal Stoke University Hospital is a safe area where gamers can enjoy Pokemon Go

398、.” Michelle Harris, the Trust􀆳s manager, said the game could still be played by those already in hospital. “We recognize that the Pokemon Go game encourages people to walk and exercise, which is something that the Trust is equally keen to advocate,” she said.There are a number of “walking r

399、outes” established throughout the Trust that can be used to combine walking and playing the game. “Walking just 30 minutes, five times a week, can help reduce the risk of preventable diseases such as obesity, diabetes, and heart disease.”There have been several warnings about the game since the UK r

400、elease. Last week,a group of teenagers in Wiltshire were left stranded almost 100ft underground after they got carried away searching for Pokemon Go characters. The four boys, aged 16 and 17, ended up getting lost and had to wait to get a phone signal before they could call for help. Eventually, the

401、y contacted Dorset and Wiltshire Fire and Rescue Team, who took them to safety. Damien Bence said: “Pokemon Go is obviously leading people into dangerous situations.”1.It seems that Pokemon Go is a game. A.designed to help patients in hospital recover soonerB.helping cure such diseases as obesity, d

402、iabetes and heart diseaseC.encouraging players to walk and exercise instead of staying indoorsD.warning teenagers of the places easy to get lost or attacked2.The underlined word in the last paragraph probably means.A.hurtB.disturbedC.trappedD.threatened3.The passage is mainly about.A.the negative ef

403、fects of Pokemon Go since its UK releaseB.the applications of Pokemon Go in hospitals since its UK releaseC.the popularity of Pokemon Go since its UK releaseD.the establishment of Pokemon Go virtual gyms since its UK release答案1.C2.C3.APassage 4(2019浙江金华外国语10月月考,B)词数:286For more than twenty years sci

404、entists have been seeking to understand the mystery of the “sixth sense” of direction. By trying out ideas and solving problems one by one, they are now getting closer to one answer. One funny idea is that animals might have a built-in compass.Our earth itself is a big magnet(磁体). So a little magnet

405、ic needle that swings freely lines itself with the big earth magnet to point north and south. When people discovered that idea about a thousand years ago and invented the compass, it allowed sailors to navigate on ocean voyages, even under cloudy skies. Actually the idea of the living compass came j

406、ust from observing animals in nature. Many birds migrate twice a year between their summer homes and winter homes. Some of them fly for thousands of kilometers and mostly at night. Experiments have shown that some birds can recognize star patterns. But they can keep on course even under cloudy skies

407、. How can they do that?A common bird that does not migrate but is great at finding its way home is the homing pigeon. Not all pigeons can find their way home. Those that can are very good at it,and they have been widely studied.One interesting experiment was to attach little magnets to the birds

408、49011; heads to block their magnetic sensejust as a loud radio can keep you from hearing a call to dinner. On sunny days, that did not fool the pigeons. Evidently they can use the sun to tell which way they are going. But on cloudy days, the pigeons with magnets could not find their way. It was as i

409、f the magnets had blocked their magnetic sense.Similar experiments with the same kind of results were done with honeybees. These insects also seem to have a special sense of direction.1.What is the best title for this passage?A.A great inventioncompassB.“Sixth sense” of directionC.Methods of finding

410、 directionsD.A built-in compass in animals2.What contributes to the pigeon􀆳s good sense of direction according to the passage?A.The invention of the compasses.B.The existence of their living compasses.C.The recognition of star patterns.D.The disturbance of cloudy weather.3.Further experimen

411、ts might be conducted on. A.pigsB.girlsC.dolphinsD.strawberries答案1.D2.B3.CPassage 5(2019安徽示范性高中二联,A)词数:345It was originally built to defend an empire(帝国),but now parts of the Great Wall of China are crumbling(破碎)so badly that they need someone to hurry to their defense.About 2,000 kilometers, or 30%

412、,of the ancient fortification(防御工事)built in the Ming dynasty has disappeared due to natural erosion(风化) and human damage, according to the Beijing Times. And the situation could worsen, experts are warning, as not enough is being done to preserve what remains. “It􀆳s a great pity to witness

413、the Great Wall in such a terrible situation,” Mei Jingtian, a volunteer who has worked for three decades to safeguard the structure and has founded the Great Wall Protection Association, tells CNN.About 8,000 kilometers of the structure dates from the Ming period between the 14th and 17th centuries

414、and is considered by some to be the original Great Wall.Of this, 2,000 kilometers is made up of naturally occurring earthworksand so only 6,000 kilometers of actual Ming dynasty wall was ever built. Stretches built in other eras make up the total length estimated up to 21,000 kilometers.Many visitor

415、s to China associate the Great Wall with a widely restored stretch of Ming era wall at Badaling near Beijing, but this is far from typical of most of the structure.According to a 2019 survey done by the Great Wall of China Society, only about 8.2% of the Great Wall is in good condition, with 74.1% c

416、lassified as poorly preserved.“The Great Wall is a vast heritage(遗产)siteover 20,000 kilometersthus increasing the difficulty in preservation and restoration,” Dong Yaohui, deputy director of the Great Wall of China Society, tells CNN. “Reliance on a very small amount of manpower by the local heritag

417、e departments is not enough to guard and protect the site.”A recent increase in interest from tourists in visiting wild sections, known as the “Wild Great Wall,” has accelerated its deterioration(恶化),according to the report.1.The present situation of the Great Wall is not optimistic due to the follo

418、wing reasons EXCEPT.A.natural erosion and human damage B.limited preservationC.tourists􀆳 increasing interest in visiting the “Wild Great Wall” D.wars between countries2.Which of the following is true about the original Great Wall?A.Not all of it is man-made Ming dynasty structure.B.It is ma

419、de up of naturally occurring earthworks.C.Its length is estimated up to 21,000 kilometers.D.It is in good condition and well-preserved.3.What can we infer from what Dong Yaohui said?A.The Great Wall is well protected.B.The preservation and restoration is difficult.C.The local heritage departments didn􀆳t do their job.D.The government should do more on the protection.4.What is the article mainly about?A.The Great Wall and its glorious history. B.Tourists􀆳 visits to the Great Wall.C.The Great Wall and its worrying condition. D.The functions of the Great Wall.答案1.D2.A3.D4.C