专题（02）2023年新高考全国Ⅰ卷英语真题阅读B剖析整理38个短语 - 备战2024年高考英语夯实基础与提升能力训练.docx

1、 专题（02）2023年新高考全国卷英语真题阅读B剖析整理52个短语+备战2024年高考英语夯实基础与提升能力训练 回顾2023年新高考全国卷英语真题阅读B剖析整理52个短语+2个阅读理解+1个完型+1个作文 建议：借助2023年英语高考真题走进高考，领悟高考，把控高考.英语学习能力的提高离不开语言环境，词汇把握和句子结构的分辨理解。高中生进行英语学习过程中务必借助文章语言环境才能有效地巩固所学词汇，提高句子结构分辨和文章理解能力，进而拓展思维，形成扎实的语言学习能力和答题技巧。通过本组习题训练可以有效夯实基础，巩固并扩大词汇量，熟练语境，提升对英语高考题型的理解力和答题技巧。回顾2023年新

2、高考全国卷英语真题阅读B剖析整理52个短语1. explore the woods around his house 探索他房子周围的树林2. observing how nature solved problems. 观察大自然是如何解决问题的3. A dirty stream 一条肮脏的溪流4. became clear after flowing through plants and along rocks 流经植物和岩石后变得清澈5. tiny creatures5. 微小的生物6. started to wonder if. 开始怀疑7. be used to clean up th

3、e messes people were making. 习惯于清理人们制造的混乱麻烦8. After studying agriculture, medicine, and fisheries 在学习了农业、医学和渔业之后9. went back to observing nature 回到观察自然上10. certain plants trap harmful bacteria 某些植物能捕获有害细菌11. eat cancer-causing chemicals 食用致癌化学物质12. With the right combination of animals and plants 动植

4、物的正确组合13. the way nature did1 就像大自然一样14. what he would later call an eco-machine 他后来称之为环保机器15. set The task for himself 为自己设定任务16. remove harmful substances from some sludge 清除一些污泥中的有害物质17. constructed a series of clear fiberglass tanks connected to each other建造了一系列相互连接的透明玻璃纤维罐18. went around to loc

5、al ponds and streams 去了当地的池塘和溪流19. brought back some plants and animals 带回了一些动植物20. placed them in the tanks 把它们放在水箱里21. Little by little. 逐渐地，一点一点地22. these different kinds of life got used to one another 这些不同的生活习惯了彼此23. formed their own ecosystem. 形成了自己的生态系统24. added the sludge. 加入污泥25. was amazed

6、 at the results 对结果感到惊讶26. took the sludge as food 把污泥当作食物27. had all been digested 已经全部消化28. all that was left was pure water. 只剩下纯水了29. taken on many big jobs 承担了许多重要的工作30. developed a greenhouse-like facility 开发了一个类似温室的设施31. treated sewage (污水) from 1,600 homes 处理过来自1600家的污水32. designed an eco-ma

7、chine to clean canal water 设计了一台清洁运河水的环保机器33. “Ecological design” is the name John gives to what he does“生态设计”是约翰给他所做的事情取的名字34. kind of a box of spare parts for the inventor 有点像为发明者准备的一盒备件35. put organisms in new relationships 使生物体处于新的关系中36. let these new systems develop their own ways to self-repai

8、r.”让这些新系统发展自己的自我修复方式37. enjoyed being alone. 喜欢独处38. had an inquiring mind. 有一颗好奇的心39. longed to be a doctor. 渴望成为一名医生 40. To build an ecosystem. 建立一个生态系统41. To protect the plants. 保护植物42. To test the eco-machine. 测试环保机器43. the authors purpose in mentioning Fuzhou? 作者提到福州的目的是什么？44. To review Johns r

9、esearch plans. 复习约翰的研究计划45. To show an application of Johns idea. 展示约翰思想的应用46. To compare Johns different jobs. 比较约翰的不同工作47. To erase doubts about Johns invention. 消除对约翰发明的怀疑48. the basis for Johns work? 约翰工作的依据是什么49. Nature can repair itself 大自然可以自我修复50. Organisms need water to survive 生物体需要水才能生存51

10、. Life on Earth is diverse 地球上的生命多种多样52. Most tiny creatures live in groups. 大多数微小的生物都是群居的2023年新高考全国卷英语真题阅读 BWhen John Todd was a child, he loved to explore the woods around his house, observing how nature solved problems. A ditry stream, for example, often became clear after flowing through plants

11、and along rocks where tiny creatures lived. When he got older, John started to wonder if this process could be used to clean up the messes people were making.After studying agriculture, medicine, and fisheries in college, John went back to observing nature and asking questions. Why can certain plant

12、s trap harmful bacteria (细菌)? Which kinds of fish can eat cancer-causing chemicals? With the right combination of animals and plants, he figured, maybe he could clean up waste the way nature did. He decided to build what he would later call an eco-machine.The task John set for himself was to remove

13、harmful substances from some sludge (污泥). First, he constructed a series of clear fiberglass tanks connected to each other. Then he went around to local ponds and streams and brought back some plants and animals. He placed them in the tanks and waited. Little by little, these different kinds of life

14、 got used to one another and formed their own ecosystem. After a few weeks, John added the sludge.He was amazed at the results. The plants and animals in the eco-machine took the sludge as food and began to eat it! Within weeks, it had all been digested, and all that was left was pure water.Over the

15、 years John has taken on many big jobs. He developed a greenhouse-like facility that treated sewage (污水) from 1,600 homes in South Burlington. He also designed an eco-machine to clean canal water in Fuzhou, a city in southeast China.“Ecological design” is the name John gives to what he does. “Life o

16、n Earth is kind of a box of spare parts for the inventor,” he says. “You put organisms in new relationships and observe whats happening. Then you let these new systems develop their own ways to self-repair.”4. What can we learn about John from the first two paragraphs?A. He was fond of traveling.B.

17、He enjoyed being alone.C. He had an inquiring mind.D. He longed to be a doctor.5. Why did John put the sludge into the tanks?A. To feed the animals.B. To build an ecosystem.C. To protect the plants.D. To test the eco-machine.6. What is the authors purpose in mentioning Fuzhou?A. To review Johns rese

18、arch plans.B. To show an application of Johns idea.C. To compare Johns different jobs.D. To erase doubts about Johns invention.7. What is the basis for Johns work?A. Nature can repair itself.B. Organisms need water to survive.C. Life on Earth is diverse.D. Most tiny creatures live in groups.备战2024年高

19、考英语夯实基础与提升能力训练 一阅读理解，C （注意划线词汇并做好收集整理工作。）2023山东省聊城市二模An exhibition of 125 lifesize elephant sculptures has gone on display in London to highlight the need for coexistence between people and wildlife.Organized by conservation groups Elephant Family and The Real Elephant Collective, the exhibition com

20、es as a herd of wild Asian elephants roaming Southwest Chinas Yunnan Province has drawn global attention. Elephant Family said it would like to see more strategies in place that allow elephants to migrate, eat, and do their best to fit into strange landscapes in a way that is safe for both people an

21、d wild animals.The CoExistence exhibition is on display at Green Park, St Jamess Park and Berkeley Square after the sculptures were initially placed outside Buckingham Palace in May. CoExistence is an environmental art exhibition by Elephant Family and The Real Elephant Collective. The elephants hav

22、e been created deep in the jungles by indigenous (土生土长的) communities who live close to their reallife counterparts. Here, people and elephants coexist in denser (更密集的) populations than anywhere else in the world.The founder of The Real Elephant Collective, a nonprofit organization contributing to pr

23、otecting elephants, said, “Our best guess is that elephants are very intelligent and have learned that humans grow lots of nutritious food. Elephants move over long distances and explore their environment, as their ancestors have always done. Coexistence is about negotiating this sharing of space.”W

24、hen many parts of the world went into lockdown to help control the spread of the novel coronavirus, researchers found wildlife thrived (茁壮成长) in the wake of reduced human activity. “A global reduction in human activity has had a positive effect on wildlife around the world，” Elephant Family said. “I

25、t has now been scientifically demonstrated that the moment we lighten our footprint, wildlife thrives and transforms the health of the planet for all. The COVID19 pandemic has showed us that coexistence with wildlife is very much possible.”After the exhibition, the sculptures will go on sale for bet

26、ween 6，000 pounds (US $8，346) for a calf and 30，000 pounds for a large adult, Money raised will be directed toward some grassroots organizations working on peaceful coexistence.8Whats the aim of the CoExistence exhibition?A.To attract visitors to London.BTo raise money for protecting elephants.CTo e

27、ncourage people to live in harmony with wildlife.DTo honour the elephants roaming in Yunan Province, China.9What can be inferred from the founders words in Paragraph 4?AElephants cause no harm to humans.BElephants are almost as intelligent as humans.CHumans and elephants are fighting for more space.

28、DThe coexistence between humans and elephants needs efforts.10What can we learn from this passage?AThe COVID19 pandemic has no effect on wildlife.BFewer human activities are favorable to wildlife.CPeople should try to avoid contact with wildlife.DThe exhibition can earn money for wildlife preservati

29、on.11What is the best title for this text?AAn Exhibition Tour of Elephant SculpturesBNegotiation Between People and WildlifeCEffects of Human Activities on ElephantsDElephants Intelligence and Nature to Explore 收集整理：D （注意词汇并做好收集整理工作。）2023广东省高中模拟考试Celebrity has become one of the most important repres

30、entatives of popular culture. Fans used to be crazy about a specific film, but now the public tends to base its consumption on the interest of celebrity attached to any given product. Besides, fashion magazines have almost abandoned the practice of putting models on the cover because they dont sell

31、nearly as well as famous faces. As a result, celebrities have realized their unbelievably powerful market potential, moving from advertising for others products to developing their own.Celebrity clothing lines arent a completely new phenomenon, but in the past they were typically aimed at the ordina

32、ry consumers, and limited to a few TV actresses. Today theyre started by firstclass stars whose products enjoy equal fame with some world top brands. The most successful startups have been those by celebrities with specific personal style. As celebrities become more and more experienced at the marke

33、t, they expand their production scale rapidly, covering almost all the products of daily life.However, for every success story, theres a related warning tale of a celebrity who overvalued his consumer appeal. No matter how famous the products origin is, if it fails to impress consumers with its own

34、qualities it begins to resemble an exercise in selfpromotional marketing. And once the initial attention dies down, consumer interest might fade, loyalty (忠诚) returning to triedandtrue labels.Today, celebrities face even more severe embarrassment. The popcultural circle might be bigger than ever, bu

35、t its rate of turnover has sped up as well. Each_misstep_threatens_to_reduce_a_celebritys_shelf_life,_and the same newspaper or magazine that once brought him fame has no problem picking him to pieces when the opportunity appears. Still, the egos potential for expansion is limitless. Having already

36、achieved great wealth and public recognition, many celebrities see fashion as the next frontier to be conquered. As the saying goes, success and failure always go hand in hand. Their success as designers might last only a short time, but fashionlike celebrityhas always been temporary.12Fashion magaz

37、ines today_Aseldom put models on the coverBno longer put models on the coverCneed not worry about celebrities market potentialD.judge the market potential of every celebrity correctly13“loyalty (忠诚) returning to triedandtrue labels” in Paragraph 3 echoes the idea that_Aordinary consumers are more co

38、ncerned with price rather than brand nameBcelebrity branded products can be an instant successCconsumers enthusiasm for celebrity branded products prove to be inconstantDto consumers, quality matters more than the outside of products.14The underlined sentence in Paragraph 4 indicates that any wrong

39、step will possibly _Adecrease the popularity of a celebrity and the sales of his productsBdamage the image of a celebrity in the eyes of the general publicCcut short the artistic career of a celebrity in show businessDinfluence the price of a celebritys products15The passage is mainly about _Acelebr

40、ity and personal styleBcelebrity and market potentialCcelebrity and fashion designDcelebrity and clothing industry 收集整理：完形填空2023山东省高三调研检测Amy Jandrisevits knows the value of a good doll (玩具娃娃). “Dolls have a _1_ we dont completely understand，” she said. Its a(n) _2_ she got while working as a social

41、worker using dolls to help young kids _3_ their changing medical situations.Seven years ago, a _4_ said that her child was involved in a car accident, leaving a scar (伤疤) on his face. Jandrisevits knew what might help the youth through this _5_ period. “Its _6_ to tell a kid, You are perfect the way

42、 you are， and to build _7_ that way，” she says.Jandrisevits went about _8_ that. She made a doll by hand that looked like her friends child and sent it off. After the friend _9_ a photo online of the happy child and doll, another woman asked Jandrisevits to make a doll for her baby, who was missing

43、a leg.Word _10_ and soon Jandrisevits was making dolls for children with birthmarks or facial deformities (畸形), from photos sent by parents. She _11_ her previous job and started a nonprofit, A Doll Like Me. She hasnt _12_ for a doll since she began her nonprofit.In all, shes made more than 400 doll

44、s. The waiting list is long but Jandrisevits is _13_ . As she explains, “Every kid, _14_ gender, age, medical issue or body type, should look into the _15_ face of a doll and see their own.”1A.power BthemeCsystem Dfashion2A.lesson BinspirationCreward Dexperience3A.turn to Badapt toCrealize Dignore4A

45、.worker BpatientCvolunteer Dfriend5A.unforgettable BchallengingCcomplex Dimpressive6A.natural BgenerousChelpful Dhard7A.confidence BconnectionCtrust Dcommunication8A.following BblessingCexplaining Dchanging9A.took BsentCsaw Dposted10A.came BfailedCspread Dread11A.loved BquitCbegan Dlost12A.charged B

46、goneCasked Dpaid13A.tired BcuriousCdetermined Dfamous14A.regardless of Binstead ofCapart from Daccording to15A.restored BbeautifiedCsweet Dfunny第二节第三节：书面表达（满分15分）2023深圳市福田外国语高中第二次调研假定你是李华，是一名刚升入高三的学生，因为短时间内没有适应高三的紧张生活，最近遇到了无法集中注意力、睡眠不佳等问题，于是你决定给颇受欢迎的外籍老师Daniel 写一封信，寻求他的建议和帮助。内容包括：1你所遇到的问题或困惑；2希望得到 D

47、aniel 的建议和帮助。注意：1写作词数应为80左右；2可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。Dear Daniel，I am Li Hua，_Yours，Li Hua待续：专题（03）2023年新高考全国卷英语真题阅读C剖析整理50个短语+备战2024年高考英语夯实基础与提升能力训练 2023年新高考全国卷英语真题阅读B【答案】4. C 5. D 6. B 7. A备战2024年高考英语夯实基础与提升能力训练 keysC- -CDBA【语篇解读】本文是一篇新闻报道。文章主要讲述了一次以大象雕塑为主题的展览，这个展览的意义在于强调人类和野生动物共存的必要性。8答案与解析：C推理判断题。根据第一段“A

48、n exhibition of 125 lifesize elephant sculptures has gone on display in London to highlight the need for coexistence between people and wildlife.”可知，这次展览的目的是强调人类和野生动物共存的必要性。9答案与解析：D推理判断题。根据第四段中“Coexistence is about negotiating this sharing of space.”可推知，大象和人类的共存是要经过“协商”的努力才能获得的。10答案与解析：B细节理解题。根据倒数第二

49、段中“A global reduction in human activity has had a positive effect on wildlife around the world”可知，人类活动的减少对于野生动物的发展兴旺是有利的。11答案与解析：A主旨大意题。本文是一篇新闻报道，所以文章的主题在第一段体现。根据第一段“An exhibition of 125 lifesize elephant sculptures has gone on display in London to highlight the need for coexistence between people a

50、nd wildlife.”及下文介绍可知，文章主要讲述了一次以大象雕塑为主题的展览。由此可知，A项“大象雕塑展览之旅”适合作本文最佳标题。D- -ADAB【语篇解读】本文是一篇议论文。文章讲述了名人已成为流行文化的重要代表，但是今天，名人面临更加严峻的尴尬。流行文化圈比以往大，其周转速度也加快，名人每一次的失误都会减少他们的知名度和他们产品的销售。12答案与解析：A细节理解题。根据文章第一段“Besides, fashion magazines have almost abandoned the practice of putting models on the cover .”可知，如今的时

51、尚杂志很少把模特放在封面上。13答案与解析：D推理判断题。根据第三段二三句可知，当名人高估他自己的消费者吸引力时，不管产品的原产地有多有名，如果它不能以自身的品质打动消费者。由此推知，“忠诚回归到久经考验的品牌”呼应了这样一个观点：对消费者来说，质量比产品的外观更重要。14答案与解析：A词句猜测题。画线句子意为“每一个失误都有可能缩短名人的保质期”。根据第四段画线句子前一句“The popcultural circle might be bigger than ever, but its rate of turnover has sped up as well.”和后一句“and the sa

52、me newspaper or magazine that once brought him fame has no problem picking him to pieces when the opportunity appears.”可知，每一个失误都可能会降低名人的知名度和他的产品的销量。15答案与解析：B主旨大意题。根据文章第一段及全文内容可知，文章主要说明了名人已成为流行文化的重要代表，但是今天，名人面临更加严峻的尴尬。流行文化圈比以往大，其周转速度也加快，名人每一次的失误都会减少他们的知名度，和他们产品的销售。由此可知，文章主要论述了“celebrity and market po

53、tential(名人与市场潜力)”。.完形填空【语篇解读】本文是一篇新闻报道。主要讲的是Amy Jandrisevits用洋娃娃来帮助年轻的孩子适应他们不断变化的医疗状况，帮助孩子们建立自信的故事。1答案与解析：A由后文可知，娃娃有一种我们不完全理解的力量，故选A。2答案与解析：B由后文可知，这是她在做社会工作者时得到的灵感，故选B。3答案与解析：B句意：这是她在做社会工作者时得到的灵感，她用洋娃娃来帮助年轻的孩子适应他们不断变化的医疗状况。A.turn to求助于；B.adapt to适应；C.realize实现；D.ignore忽视。由后文“their changing medical s

54、ituations”可知，此处表示“适应不断变化的医疗状况”。4答案与解析：D下一段的“looked like her friends child”可知，一个朋友说她的孩子遭遇了一场车祸。5答案与解析：B由上文“her child was involved in a car accident, leaving a scar (伤疤) on his face”可知，要帮助这个年轻人度过这个充满挑战的时期很有挑战性。6答案与解析：D由后文“tell a kid, You are perfect the way you are，”可知，那个孩子脸上留疤了，所以要告诉一个孩子，你这样就很完美，是很难的

55、。7答案与解析：A由上文“You are perfect the way you are”可知，告诉一个孩子他很完美是要给孩子建立自信。8答案与解析：D由后文“She made a doll by hand that looked like her friends child and sent it off”可知，詹德里塞维斯着手改变这种状况。9答案与解析：D由后文“a photo online of the happy child and doll”可知，詹德里塞维斯的朋友在网上晒出了她快乐的孩子和洋娃娃的照片，空格处是“(在因特网上)公布信息”。10答案与解析：C由下文“soon Jand

56、risevits was making dolls for children with birthmarks or facial deformities (畸形), from photos sent by parents”可知，大家都知道了这个事情，因此是消息传开了，空格处是“传播”。11答案与解析：B由后文“started a nonprofit”可知，她辞掉了之前的工作。12答案与解析：A由后文“since she began her nonprofit”可知，她没有对一个洋娃娃收费。13答案与解析：C由上文“The waiting list is long but”可知，等候名单很长，但

57、詹德里塞维斯已经决定了。14答案与解析：A由上文“Every kid”和下文“gender, age, medical issue or body type”可知，此处表示“每个孩子，无论性别、年龄、身体状况或体形”，空格处是“不管”。15答案与解析：C句意：正如她解释的那样，“每个孩子，无论性别、年龄、身体状况或体型，都应该看到娃娃甜美的脸，看到自己的脸。”由后文“face of a doll”及常识可知，洋娃娃的脸是甜美的。作文参考范文：Dear Daniel，I am Li Hua, a new Senior3 student, who is bothered by the overwh

58、elming pressure of my fastpaced life. I am writing to ask you for help because I find it quite hard to concentrate on my study.I am encountering some problems which trouble me a lot. First, I have to spend so much time on my homework that I hardly have time to do sports. Moreover, the high expectati

59、on from the teachers and my parents makes me extremely stressful because I dont want to let them down. What troubles me most is that its difficult for me to fall asleep every night.Faced with the problems above, Im anxious to get your help. Could you please offer me some advice on how to solve these

60、 problems?Looking forward to your reply.Yours，Li Hua【语篇解读】本篇书面表达属于应用文。要求考生给外籍老师Daniel 写一封信，因为短时间内没有适应高三的紧张生活，最近遇到了无法集中注意力、睡眠不佳等问题，寻求他的建议和帮助。【详解】1.词汇积累帮助：assisthelp集中注意力：focusconcentrate此外：besidesmoreover困难的：harddifficult2句式拓展简单句变复合句原句：Faced with the problems above, Im anxious to get your help.拓展句：Because Im faced with the problems above, Im anxious to get your help.【点睛】【高分句型1】I am writing to ask you for help because I find it quite hard to concentrate on my study. (运用了it作形式宾语，非谓语动词不定式作真正宾语)【高分句型2】I am encountering some problems which trouble me a lot. (运用了which引导的限制性定语从句)