初中英语七年级下册Unit 2词汇句型精讲.docx

1、初中英语七年级下册Unit 2词汇句型精讲词汇精讲1. do ones homeworkdo ones homework的意思是“做某人的家庭作业”。短语中的ones可以用名词所有格或者形容词性物主代词。例如：What time do you often do your homework？你经常在什么时候做你的家庭作业？2. get dresseddressed在本单元是形容词，意为“打扮好的，穿着衣服的”；get在此是连系动词，后接形容词dressed构成系表结构。词组get dressed意为“穿上衣服”。例如：Mary, can you help your baby sister get

2、 dressed?玛莉, 你可不可以帮你年幼的妹妹穿衣服？After I get dressed, I have breakfast.我穿好衣服以后吃早饭。拓展：dressed 的其他常见用法1） dress up, 意为“装扮，乔装打扮”或者“穿上盛装，打扮”。例如：You neednt dress up for the party.你不必为这个聚会精心打扮。2）dress up as，意为“装扮成，打扮成”。例如：The boy often dresses up as a monkey.那个男孩常装扮成一只猴子。3）well-dressed，意为“ 穿着考究的；穿着入时的；着装得体的；衣着

3、讲究的”。例如：a well-dressed lady 一位穿着体面的女士3. take a shower1）shower 名词，意为“阵雨，淋浴”；take a shower 意为“洗澡，洗淋浴”，等于have a shower。shower前面可以加形容词来修饰。例如：I often take a shower in the evening. 我经常在晚上洗澡。I take a cold shower when I feel tired. 我感到累时就洗个冷水澡。2）类似于“take a shower=have a shower”这样的用法还有：take a look= have a lo

4、ok 看一看take a seat = have a seat 坐下，入座take a rest = have a rest 休息一下4. work1）work不及物动词，意为“工作，劳动”，第三人称单数是works；worker是名词，意为“工人”，复数是workers。例如：He works very hard. 他工作很努力。There are 30 workers in the factory. 工厂里有30个工人。2）work 名词， 意为“工作”，是不可数名词，但表示一份工作可以用“a piece of work”。常用于以下词组：out of work 失业/下岗at work

5、在上班after work 下班后go to work 去上班in work 就业3）work 名词， 意为“著作，作品”，是可数名词，复数为works。She is reading a new work on history.她正在看一本关于历史的新书。Shakespeares works are very famous. 莎士比亚的作品很著名。5. funny1）funny 形容词， 意为“有趣的，可笑的，滑稽的，奇怪的”；意为“有趣”时，相当于“interesting”。例如：What a funny (an interesting) story! 多么有趣的故事啊！Sometimes

6、he is funny; sometimes he seems like a poet.有时他很滑稽, 有时他又像个诗人。The machine is making a very funny noise.这部机器发出一种很怪的声音。2）fun 是funny的名词形式，意为“乐趣，娱乐，嬉戏，有趣的事”。常用于词组have fun doing sth表示“做某事很开心。例如：Life isnt all fun; it has its bad moments.人生不仅有乐趣, 也有令人不快的时刻。Picnics are fun. 野餐是件有趣的事。We have a lot of fun in t

7、he park on weekends.每周末我们都在公园里玩得很快活。Everybody has fun learning English in our class.我们班每一位都开心得学英语。6. exercise1）exercise 作动词，意为“运动，锻炼”等时，既可以作及物动词也可以作不及物动词。例如：Every day I exercise before I go to sleep. （不及物动词）我每天睡觉前锻炼。We should constantly exercise our muscles. (及物动词)我们应当经常锻炼肌肉。2）exercise 作名词，意为“练习，操”等

8、时，是可数名词。意为“锻炼”时，是不可数名词。例如：We should do eye exercises. 我们应该做眼保健操。Lets take exercise together. 让我们一起锻炼吧。7. quarter1）quarter 作名词时，可以译为“四分之一”或者“一刻钟”。例如：A quarter of the apples are green. 有四分之一的苹果是青的。Its a quarter past seven. 七点一刻了。2）quarter作动词时，可以译为“把四等分”。例如：We should quarter the pineapple.我们应该把这个菠萝分成四等

9、份。8. taste1）taste做行为动词时，既可以是及物动词也可以是不及物动词，意为“吃，品尝，喝，”等。例如：I can taste something sour. 我尝到了酸味。（及物动词）Sometimes when you are ill, you cant taste properly. （不及物动词）有时生病时吃什么都没有滋味。2）taste做连系动词时，后面跟名词或者形容词作表语，构成主系表结构；意为“吃起来，尝起来”。例如：The soup tastes good. 这汤的味道不错。The pizza tastes delicious. 比萨饼很好吃。3）taste 还可以

10、作名词，意为“味道，味觉，品味”等。例如：I like the taste of wine. 我喜欢葡萄酒的味道。She has excellent taste in dress. 她在服装方面有极高的品味。9. lifelife 名词，既可以是可数名词也可以是不可数名词。作“生活”讲时，是不可数名词；作“生命”讲时是可数名词，其复数是“lives”。例如：Life is like a journey. 生活像一次旅行。（不可数）Three people lost their lives in the accident. 事故中三人丧生。（可数）拓展：常见的使用life的词组有live a l

11、ife 过的日子lose ones life 丧生save ones life 救的命give ones life 献身come (back) to life 复活10. usually1）usually是频度副词，意为“通常”，常位于系动词、助动词或情态动词之后，实义动词之前，在句子中作状语; 但有时也可以放在句首修饰整个句子。例如：I usually go to school at seven oclock.我通常七点去上学。It is usually in the morning that she sees her patients.她通常在上午看望病人。Usually, I get u

12、p early. 通常, 我起得很早。2）usually的形容词是usual，意为“通常的，平常的”。常用于词组as usual，意为“像平常一样”。它的反义词是unusual，意为“罕有的，不同寻常的”。例如：She goes to work as usual. 她像平常一样去上班了。It was an unusual day for summer. 这是夏季少有的一天。11. brush1）brush 作动词，意为“刷，擦”，三单形式是brushes。常用于以下短语中：brush ones teeth / shoes / hair 刷牙/擦鞋/ 梳头。例如;Please brush you

13、r shoes. 请把你的鞋擦一下。I brush my teeth every day. 我每天都刷牙。2）brush 作名词，意为“刷子，画笔，毛笔”，是可数名词，其复数是brushes。例如：I can paint a picture with a brush. 我可以用刷子画画。We gave him paint and brushes. 我们给了他油漆和几把刷子。12. toothtooth 名词，意为“牙齿”，可数名词。其复数形式是特殊变化teeth。例如：The dentist took out two of my teeth. 牙医拔掉了我两颗牙。拓展：1）一些名词的复数是不规

14、则变化的。例如：foot feet（脚）child children（孩子）manmen （男人）woman women（女人）mouse mice（老鼠）2）还有一些名词的单复数是一样的。例如：sheepsheep（绵羊）deerdeer（鹿）ChineseChinese（中国人）JapaneseJapanese（日本人）3）还有些名词是集合名词，本身就是复数的概念，不需要再变复数。例如：cattle 牛 people 人，人们 police 警察练一练：. 用适当的词填空，补全下面的短文。I usually 1 （起床）at six oclock. I have milk and brea

15、d for breakfast. After breakfast, I 2 （洗澡）and then I 3 （上学）by bus. I get to school at a quarter to eight. I have five classes in the morning. And then I have lunch at twelve oclock. In the afternoon I have two classes. I 4 （回家）at half past four. I get home at 5:00. I 5 （吃晚饭）at about 6:00. After dinn

16、er, I 6 （做作业）. I 7 （睡觉）at 8:00. My life is busy but not exciting. 根据句意、首字母或汉语提示，写出正确的单词。1.Today I want to t_ a shower.2. Sally finds a new job and she goes to w_ at seven oclock every day.3. What a f_ time to eat fruit after dinner.4. The soup t_ delicious.5. Please help the children to get d_; Im t

17、oo busy now.6. They often do morning e_ at school.7. You can find a good j_ if(如果) you study hard now.8. The police saved two peoples l_ in the accident.9. I usually go to school at a q_ past seven.10. Its 5 p.m. Some students dont want to go h_. They play basketball on the playground.III. 用括号内所给单词的

18、适当形式填空1. My mother often _ (watch) TV at 7:00 every evening.2. We usually have breakfast at six _ (clock) in the morning.3. What time does your sister _ (go) home every day?4. Please come in and have a cup of tea with _ (we).5. My little brother _ (not do) his homework at six in the evening.6. Pleas

19、e brush your _ (tooth) after you get up.7. Many students have a lot of _ (homework) to do every day.8. What time do you want _ (have) your lunch?9. They _ (usual) go home after school.10. They are the_ (child) books.参考答案：I. 用适当的词填空，补全下面的短文。1. get up2. take a shower3. go to school4. go home5. have su

20、pper6. do my homework7. go to bed.根据句意、首字母或汉语提示，写出正确的单词。1. take 2. work3. funny 4. tastes5. dressed 6. exercises7. job 8. lives9. quarter 10. homeIII.用括号内所给单词的适当形式填空1. watches 2. oclock3. go 4. us 5. doesnt do6. teeth 7. homework8. to have 9. usually10. childrens句型精讲1 What time do you usually get up

21、?1）这是一个用来询问什么时间做某事的常用句型，意思是“你几点起床？”。它的句式是“Whattime助动词do/does主语谓语动词原形其他？”。当主语是三单时用does，其余人称用do。它经常用来询问具体的点钟，相当于对划线部分（表示具体时间的状语）提问。例如：I usually have lunch at 12:00. （对划线部分提问）我通常在12点吃午饭。- What time do you usually have lunch?你通常什么时间吃午饭？What time does Rick eat breakfast? 里克什么时候吃早餐？He eats breakfast at se

22、ven oclock. 他七点吃早餐。2）短语what time的意思是“几点”，它和when是同义词，都是对时间进行提问，但what time所问的时间范围比较小，一般用来提问比较精确的时间，回答的时候一般具体到几点。而when所问的时间范围比what time要大，回答的时候可以用几点钟，也可以是上午或者下午，甚至是哪一天、哪一年。例如：What time/When do you usually get up? 你通常什么时间起床？I usually get up at seven oclock. 我通常七点起床。When is your birthday? 你的生日是什么时候？Its M

23、ay 10. 是5月10日。3）询问时间还可以用句型：Whats the time now?= What time is it by your watch?Whats the time by your watch? (你的手表)现在几点了？回答别人询问几点可以用句型：“Itis时间.”。例如：Its six. 现在六点了。2. I usually get up at six thirty.这个句型主要用来回答“What time /When”句型的提问。在回答做某事的具体时间时，要注意英语时间的表达法。英语时间的表达法主要有以下几种情况：1）如果时间在整点可以用“整点数字oclock”这种形式

24、表达，有时候可以不用oclock。例如：Its eight (oclock) now. 现在八点了。2）如果是几点几分，分钟不超过半个小时（包括半小时），可以直接用数字表示。例如：6:11 six eleven （6点11分）也可以用介词past表示，past的前面是分钟，past的后面是钟点数，表示几点过了几分的意思。例如；6:11 eleven past six （6点11分）如果是15分钟可以用a quarter。例如：7:15 a quarter past seven （七点一刻）如果是30分钟可以用half。例如：6:30 half past six （六点半）3）如果是几点几分，分

25、钟超过半小时，可以用介词to，to的前面是分钟（是差几分到下一点的分钟数字），to的后面是下一个点的数字。例如：6:58 two to seven （7点差2分）6:45 a quarter to seven (七点差一刻)3. eitheror1）“eitheror” 意为“要么要么；或者或者；不是就是”，用来连接两个并列的词、短语或者句子。例如：You can either have tea or coffee. 你喝茶也行，喝咖啡也行。You must either go at once or wait till tomorrow.你要么马上走，要么等到明天。2）“eitheror”连接

26、的两个并列成分作主语时，谓语动词通常与其靠近的主语保持一致，简称为就近一致。例如：Either he or you are right. 要么他对，要么你对。Either you or he is right. 要么你对，要么他对。4. be good forbe good for意为“对有好处，对有益处”，介词for后接名词或代词。其反义词为be bad for，意为“对有害处”。例如：Junk food is not good for our health.垃圾食品对我们的健康没有好处。Smoking is bad for you. 吸烟对你有害。拓展：其他常见的good 的相关词组还有：

27、1）be good at 擅长例如：She is good at English. 她擅长英语。2）be good with 善于；精明的；与相处的好He is very good with the children. 他与这些孩子处得很好。3）be good to 对友好My friend was good to me when I was ill. 我生病时我的朋友对我关怀备至。5. Thats a funny time for breakfast!“time for sth. /time to do sth. ”， 表示“做的时间”。例如：We have no time for exer

28、cise. 我们没有时间锻炼。She has enough time for breakfast. 她有足够的时间吃早餐。He has little time to sleep. 他几乎没有时间睡觉。拓展：由time 构成的常见的句式还有“Its time for / Its time to do ”意为“该做的时候了”。例如：Its time for lunch. 该吃午饭了。Its time to go to bed. 该睡觉了。“Its time for sb. to do sth.”意为“某人该做某事了”。例如：Its time for us to go home now. 我们该回家

29、了。练一练：. 填入适当的单词补全对话。Alan: Hi, Rick!Rick: Hi, Alan! Lets 1 home togetherAlan: OK! Tomorrow is Sunday. What 2 do you usually get up on Sundays?Rick: 3 8:00 amAlan: What do you usually do 4 Sunday morning?Rick: I do 5 homework in the morningThen I do some cleaning in the afternoonAlan: Do you 6 TV in t

30、he afternoon?Rick: Yes，but not often. I like to 7 sports with my friendsAlan: We want to have a basketball match tomorrowDo you want to go with us?Rick: OK. That 8 goodWell, whats the time, please?Alan: What 9 eight oclock?Rick: Thats a little earlyBut I will 10 up earlyThank youAlan: Youre welcome1

31、_ 2_ 3_ 4_ 5_6_ 7_ 8_ 9_ 10. _. 句型转换。1. He gets home at five in the afternoon.（就划线部分提问）_ _ _ he _ home in the afternoon?2. Now its five thirty.（同义句）Now its _ _ _.3. She goes to work by car.（就划线部分提问）_ _ she _ to work?4. Rick has two sisters.（对划线部分提问）_ _ _ does Rick _?5. Scott works very hard every da

32、y.（改为否定句）Scott_ _ very hard every day.6. My friend goes to bed at 9:00.（改为一般疑问句）_ your friend _ to bed at 9:00?7. She goes to work by bus.（对划线部分提问）_ _ she _ to work?8. I like taking a shower because its relaxing.（就划线部分提问）_ _ you like taking a shower?9. They eat lunch at school on weekdays.（就划线部分提问）_

33、 _ they eat lunch on weekdays?10. Mary does her homework in the evening.（改为否定句）Mary_ _ her homework in the evening. 根据汉语意思完成句子。1. 玛丽通常什么时候起床？_ _ does Mary usually_ _?2. 那个时间吃午餐真有意思啊！Thats a _ time _ _!3. 我们该去上学了。Its time _ us _ _ _ school.4. 你可以今天或者明天来。You can _ _ today_ tomorrow.5. 早起早睡对我们的健康有好处。Ea

34、rly to bed, early to rise. Its _ _ our health.6. 这面包闻着坏了。The bread _ _.7. 不是你错了，就是我错了。_ you _ I _ wrong.8. 杰克通常在晚上10点左右睡觉。Jack usually_ _ _ _ten_ at night.9. 她真是个好笑的人。What a _ _ she is!10. 谢谢你的来信。_ you _ your _.IV根据句意，用括号内所给单词的适当形式填空。1. I like P. E. best. Because my P. E. teacher is very _ (friend)

35、to us.2.Where is your bedroom?Its on the _ (two) floor.3. Look! The _（child）are playing games under the tree.4. Turn right at the first _（cross）and youll see the hospital.5. Its 6:30 a.m. Some students _（run）on the playground.参考答案. 完成下列对话。1. go 2. time 3. At4. on 5. my 6. watch7. play 8. sounds9. ab

36、out 10. get. 按要求完成句子。1. What time does, get2. half past five3. How does, go4. How many sisters, have5. doesnt work6. Does, go7. How does, go8. Why do9. Where do10. doesnt do. 根据汉语意思完成英语句子。1. What time, get up2. funny, for lunch3. for, to go to4. come either, or5. good for6. smells bad7. Either, or, am8. goes to bed at, oclock9. funny woman/girl10. Thank , for, letterIV根据句意，用括号内所给单词的适当形式填空。1. friendly 2. second3. children 4. crossing5. are running