2022届高三英语培优外刊阅读学案：虚拟现实话题.docx

1、高三英语培优外刊阅读班级：_学号：_姓名：_外刊精选你愿意拥有一个不死的“虚拟化身”吗？无论在东方还是西方，“永生”都是部分人类的终极幻想之一。随着AI技术的发展，人类似乎离“永生”又近了一步。近日，一些科技公司开始利用AI技术，对人们社交媒体上的数据、留下的语音和文字进行分析学习，模拟出一个仿真的“虚拟人”。一旦实现，即使是已逝之人，也能在AI学习其大数据之后，以“虚拟人”的形态在网络世界中“再度复活”，获得永生。这项技术目前已经进展到何种程度？它又会引发哪些争议和挑战？Could AI Keep People Alive After Death?By Asa FitchWhat if Ab

2、raham Lincoln could address Congress today? Or your great grandmother could help run the family business?Researchers and entrepreneurs are starting to ponder how artificial intelligence could create versions of people after their deathsnot only as static replicas for the benefit of their loved ones

3、but as evolving digital entities that may steer companies or influence world events.Digital personas take many forms, from chatbots to animatronic robots to moving projections that gesture and speak like the real thing. AI is usually central to building and training them to interact with people.As d

4、igital personas get closer to the real thing, they may become able to learn and evolve beyond the originators death, adapting to new events as they happen. That would confer a kind of digital immortalitynot only preserving a personality but allowing it to live on in virtual form. As with many sci-fi

5、 visions of the future, there are downsides.Virtual personas, for one, are inherently imperfect because they are typically based on speech, writings, social media posts and other output that doesnt necessarily capture the essence of a person. Society may have to wrestle with questions about who owns

6、 a dead persons avatar and any income it produces. Personas could also be created without the originators knowledge or permission, provided enough data exists in the public realm to train an AI model to mimic him or her. Historical figures could be resurrected, whether or not they would have liked t

7、o be.【词汇过关】请写出下面文单词在文章中的中文意思。1.AI_2.address dres vt. _3.ponder pnd vt. _4.version vn vn n. _5.static sttk adj. _6.replica replk n. _7.evolving_8.steer st vt. _9.chatbot ttbt n. _10.train tren v. _11.confer knf v. _12.immortality mtlti n. _13.preserve przv v. _14.downside dansad n. _15.inherently nhe

8、rntli nhrntli adv. _16.imperfect mpfekt adj. _17.output atpt n. _18.avatar vt n. _19.provided prvadd conj. _20.mimic mmk v. _21.resurrect rezrekt v. _【词块学习】请从文章中找到下面中文相对应的文词块。1.不仅是什么，还是什么_2.数码实体_3.数码人_4.仿生机器人_5.移动投影_6.适应_7.继续活下去_8.捕捉到一个人的本质_9和某物缠斗；使尽全力、艰难地应对和解决某个问题_拓展练习阅读理解Machine learning is a way

9、of teaching computers to do tasks. In the past, to do anything, computers depended on detailed, step-by-step instructions written by a person. But with machine learning, computers pick up new skills on their own, using examples or experience. This makes machine learning a powerful form of artificial

10、 intelligence, or AI. AI is the ability of a machine to think or learn like a person. AI systems power many kinds of machines from smartphones to robots.There are a few types of machine learning. The most common is supervised (监督的) learning. In this method, a computer is fed lots of sorted training

11、data (数据). For example, it may look at many photos of dogs. Each photo might be sorted by the dogs kind. By studying those photos, the computer learns what each kind of dog looks like. Then, the computer can pick out dog kinds in new, unsorted photos. The more data the computer studies, the better i

12、t gets at its task.Another important kind of machine learning is reinforcement (强化) learning. Using this type of learning is sort of like training your dog to do a trick (把戏). The computer learns to achieve some goal by interacting with its environment. When the computer makes a choice that brings i

13、t closer to its goal, it gets a virtual reward. Through trial and or, the computer learns to make better choices. This type of machine learning has helped computers master difficult games like Go and StarCraft II. It has also been used to teach self-driving cars how to get around.Machine learning ha

14、s helped create technology all around us. It powers language translators and search engines. When your streaming services recommend new shows you might like, thats machine learning at work. Machine learning systems also organize posts in social media feeds. They even help judge diseases. In many way

15、s, the problem-solving power of machine learning is reshaping the world.32.What can we know about machine learning from the text？A.It directs computers to follow programs.B.It makes computers run under no control.C.It is a form of artificial intelligence.D.It is a kind of function of all computers.3

16、3.How can computers learn better in supervised learning？A.By studying as much data as possible.B.By following step-by-step instructions.C.By telling differences between dog kinds.D.By making as many attempts as possible.34.What do computers learn in reinforcement learning？A.Doing tricks.B.Setting go

17、als.C.Making choices.D.Simplifying steps.35.What is the authors attitude to machine learning？A.Uncaring.B.Doubtful.C.Unclear.D.Supportive.外刊精选答案【词汇过关】请写出下面文单词在文章中的中文意思。1.AI人工智能2.address dres vt. 对某人发表正式的演说；处理，应对3.ponder pnd vt. 认真思索，深度思考4.version vn vn n. 版本5.static sttk adj. 静止的，静态的；没有变化的6.replica

18、replk n. 复制品7.evolving不断演进的，不断进化的8.steer st vt. 控制，执掌；给船、车导航，控制航向9.chatbot ttbt n. 聊天机器人10.train tren v. 培训，训练11.confer knf v. 赐予，授予12.immortality mtlti n. 长生不死，不朽13.preserve przv v. 阻止某物腐烂、变质、衰败14.downside dansad n. 负面，消极的方面，不好的方面15.inherently nherntli nhrntli adv. 内在地，固有地，天性地16.imperfect mpfekt ad

19、j. 不完美的17.output atpt n. 输出物；产出18.avatar vt n. 虚拟的化身，化作人形或兽形的神19.provided prvadd conj. 只要20.mimic mmk v. 模仿21.resurrect rezrekt v. 使某物起死回生；恢复使用某物【词块学习】请从文章中找到下面中文相对应的文词块。1.not only as A but (also) as B不仅是什么，还是什么2.digital entity数码实体3.digital persona数码人4.animatronic robot仿生机器人5.moving projection移动投影6.

20、adapt to something适应7.live on继续活下去8.capture a persons essence捕捉到一个人的本质9.wrestle with和某物缠斗；使尽全力、艰难地应对和解决某个问题【全文翻译】人工智能能使逝者“永生”么？如果亚伯拉罕林肯今天能在国会发表演讲会怎么样？或者如果你的曾祖母可以帮忙打理家族生意呢？研究人员和创业者们开始思考，人工智能如何能够在人死后创造出不同版本的他们不仅只是一个用来慰藉亲人的静态的复制品，而是一个可以执掌运营公司或影响全球事件的不断自我进化的数码实体。数码人有多种形式，从聊天机器人到仿生机器人，再到体态说话都像真人一样的移动投影。人

21、工智能通常是创造和训练它们与人互动的核心。随着数码人越来越接近真人，他们可以在本体死后不断学习和进化，以适应新事件的发生。这将使虚拟永生成为可能不仅保存一个人格，而且使它以虚拟的形式生存下去。正如许多科幻小说对未来的设想一样，数码人也有缺点。比如，虚拟的人天生不完美，因为他们通常建立在口语、写作、社交媒体推文和其他语言输出的基础上，而这些都不足以捕捉到一个人的本质。社会也必须努力解决逝者的虚拟化身和它所产生收益的归属权问题。只要人工智能从公共领域能够获得足够多的数据用于模仿训练，虚拟人在没有本体知情和授权的情况下也可以被创造出来。不管历史名人们同不同意，他们都能被“复活”。拓展练习阅读理解参考答案32.C 33.A 34.C 35.D