2022届高考英语深度精读系列训练21.docx

1、2022届高考英语深度精读系列训练 第21课时编写说明学生在限时阅读训练中，对一篇文章没有足够的时间来细读，理解的不深不透，但是，可以猜出来不太确定的正确选项，这样的训练叫做“考场式”训练；而在精读课堂上学习一篇文章的时候，从词句到篇章，从细节到主旨，从语言到情怀等方方面面都能够理解的很透彻，这叫做“精读式”训练。目前，在语篇训练中存在的低效问题，主要是因为不少学生为了完成任务而一味地追求速度，无意识地采用了“考场式”的训练方法，而不是为了透彻理解一篇文章去采用“精读式”的训练方法。但是，平时的语篇训练毕竟不是在考场，除了追求速度，更要培养精深理解的习惯和能力。应该将“考场式”和“精读式”两种

2、训练方法结合起来，第一步完成快速阅读，第二步精深理解，在语境中积累基础知识。本系列训练通过导读，突出重点单词、词块以及长难句的训练，旨在培养学生精深阅读的习惯，训练有效处理语篇的能力，在阅读训练中积累语言知识，进而达到提高语篇训练效果的目的。第一节. 阅读理解 阅读下面短文,从短文后各题所给的 A、B、C 和 D 四个选项中,选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。The average bear, it seems, is getting ever smarter. First, it turned out that at least one can use a comb. Now it appear

3、s that some can count, too.Jennifer Vonk, of Oakland University, in Michigan, and Michael Beran, from Georgia State University, set three American black bears the task of distinguishing between numerically larger and smaller groups of dots on a computer screen. In return for a food reward one bear,

4、Brutus, would touch the more heavily dotted pattern with his nose. The others, Bella and Dusty, would touch the screen with their claws.As the researchers report in Animal Behavior, the bears did best with patterns where the coloured dots did not move and where more of them also took up a larger col

5、oured area. This could be explained by the bears distinguishing the different areas of colour rather than truly counting the dots. However, the three bears managed to pick out the bigger number of dots even in pairs of patterns where fewer dots took up a larger area.Moving patterns, where each dot f

6、ollowed its own path around the screen, were more of a challenge. But Brutus, at least, was not defeated. He seemed to be counting mobile dots even when the scientists tried to mislead him by moving the total coloured area of the dots at the same time.It is not entirely surprising that bears should

7、have a high degree of intelligence. They face a lot of challenges when trying to get food. They are, however, always alone, and so do not have the complex social systems that contribute to animal smarts. Perhaps, then, their maths skill developed because they cannot count on their friends for help.1

8、. What task did the scientists set for the three bears?A. Distinguishing different dot patterns.B. Figuring out different colours of dots.C. Putting the dots into differently coloured groups.D. Picking out the group with a larger number of dots.2. For the bears, the task was easier when_.A. the colo

9、ured dots were moving slowlyB. the dot patterns were regular in shapeC. the dots followed a path on the screenD. more dots covered a larger coloured area3. What may explain the bears high degree of intelligence?A. They learn skills from other animals.B. They face life challenges on their own.C. They

10、 feed on a diverse range of food.D. They have complex social networks.4. What can be a suitable title for the text?A. Bears Taught to Distinguish ColoursB. New Evidence of Bear Intelligence FoundC. Three Bears Learned How to CountD. The Smartest American Black Bear Brutus第二节 精深语篇一.写出文中划线词汇在语境中的词义：1.

11、coloured _2.dotted _3.average _4.distinguish _5.numerically _6.intelligence _7.challenge _plex _9.pattern _二.写出文中划线词组在语境中的含义1.turned out _2.In return for _3.took up _4.managed to pick out _5.It is not entirely surprising that _6.a high degree of _7.contribute to _8.count on _9.more of a challenge _1

12、0.figuring out _11.picking out _三 词汇应用distinguish（理解词义）1.At what age are children able to distinguish between right and wrong? _2.Sometimes reality and fantasy are hard to distinguish. _3.What was it that distinguished her from her classmates? _4.Does your cat have any distinguishing marks? _5.I cou

13、ld not distinguish her words, but she sounded agitated. _6.She has already distinguished herself as an athlete. _7.Research suggests that babies learn to see by distinguishing between areas of light and dark. _8.There is something about music that distinguishes it from all other art forms._average（理

14、解句中average并翻译全句）1.It takes an average of ten weeks for a house sale to be completed. 翻译：_2.35% of staff time was being spent on repeating work, about the average for a service industry. 翻译：_3.The average adult man burns 1,500 to 2,000 calories per day. 翻译：_4.I was only average academically.翻译：_5.We

15、averaged 42 miles per hour.翻译：_6.Shares rose, on average, by 38%.翻译：_7.40 hours is a fairly average working week for most people.翻译：_8.I was just an average sort of student. 翻译：_四. 长难句分析及翻译要求：1. 划主干, 找出关联词, 判断从句类型, 弄清主从句的附属成分; 2. 翻译句子1.As the researchers report in Animal Behavior, the bears did best

16、 with patterns where the coloured dots did not move and where more of them also took up a larger coloured area. 分析：_翻译：_2.However, the three bears managed to pick out the bigger number of dots even in pairs of patterns where fewer dots took up a larger area.分析：_翻译：_3.He seemed to be counting mobile

17、dots even when the scientists tried to mislead him by moving the total coloured area of the dots at the same time.分析：_翻译：_第三节 模仿训练要求: 1.做七选五; 2.划出重点单词、短语以及句型，整理在线格处; 3.分析长难句阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。If the only reading you ever do is the novel or magazine, the speed at which you read

18、 -probably does not matter very much. But if you have to read a great deal for study, you will appreciate the benefits of being able to read more quickly. _1_Before you open the book, make sure that you are comfortable. You need a seat which supports your back and the book should be at the right dis

19、tance from your eyes. _2_3_ Look at the table of contents, the preface, the chapter heading,etc.This will help you to decide whether you really need to read the whole book or only certain parts of it. Ten minutes spent in this way could save you quite a lot of time in the long run.If you decide that

20、 you need to read the whole book, decide how much you can read at a time. _4_ A history book which may contain the facts in story form will be easier to read than one dealing with scientific subjects. In the former case you may be able to read a chapter. In the latter you may only be able to read on

21、e page.Always keep a pencil and paper beside you. _5_Note also the facts important for your purpose as well as anything which leads you to further research. You dont have to write these things in detail. It is enough to put the page number and one or two words as a reminder .A. Stop to have a rest n

22、ow and then.B. Spend a few minutes looking through the book.C. This depends on the type of book you are reading.D. Here are some tips to help improve your reading speed.E. Make a note of any page which is of special importance.F. You may find yourself having to leam something by heart.G. Keep the ro

23、om cool rather than warm to avoid feeling sleepy.词汇与句型积累：_2022届高考英语深度精读系列训练 第21课时参考答案第一节 语篇解析：本文介绍了一些新的发现，证明了熊是一种高智商动物。1.细节理解题。根据第二段“Jennifer Vonk, of Oakland University, in Michigan, and Michael Beran, from Georgia State University, set three American black bears the task of distinguishing between

24、numerically larger and smaller groups of dots on a computer screen.(密歇根州奥克兰大学的Jennifer Vonk和乔治亚州立大学的Michael Beran给三只美国黑熊设定了一项任务，即在电脑屏幕上区分数字上较大和较小的点组)”可知，科学家们给这三只熊安排的任务是区分不同的点的模式。故选A项。2.细节理解题。根据第三段“As the researchers report in Animal Behavior the bears did best with patterns where the coloured dots d

25、id not move and where more of them also took up a larger coloured area.(正如研究人员在动物行为杂志上所报告的那样，熊最擅长的图案是那些彩色的点不移动，而且更多的点占据了更大的彩色区域)”可知，熊最擅长的图案是被更多的点覆盖的更大的彩色区域。故选D项。3.细节理解题。根据最后一段“It is not entirely surprising that bears should have a high degree of intelligence. They face a lot of challenges when tryin

26、g to get food.(熊拥有高度的智力并不完全令人惊讶。他们在获取食物时面临着很多挑战)”可知熊的高智商表现在它们独自面对生活的挑战。故选B项。4.标题判断题。本文介绍了一些新的发现，为证明熊是一种高智商动物提供了证据，所以文章标题应该是“发现了证明熊智力的新证据”。故选B项。第二节 精深语篇一.写出文中划线词汇在语境中的词义：1.coloured adj. 着色的2.dotted adj. 有斑点的3.average adj. 普通的，平常的4.distinguish v. 看清，认出；区别，分清5.numerically adv. 数字上；用数字表示6.intelligence n

27、. 智力，智能7.challenge v. 挑战plex adj. 复杂的9.pattern n. 模式；图案二.写出文中划线词组在语境中的含义1.turned out 结果证明2.In return for 作为对.的报答3.took up 占据4.managed to pick out 设法挑选出来5.It is not entirely surprising that 这并不完全令人惊讶6.a high degree of 很高程度的7.contribute to 有助于促成8.count on 指望；依靠9.more of a challenge 更多的挑战10.figuring ou

28、t 算出；想出；理解；断定11.picking out 挑选三 词汇应用distinguish（理解词义）1.At what age are children able to distinguish between right and wrong? 分辨，明辨2.Sometimes reality and fantasy are hard to distinguish. 区分 3.What was it that distinguished her from her classmates? 使有别于4.Does your cat have any distinguishing marks? 特

29、殊 5.I could not distinguish her words, but she sounded agitated. 认出；听出6.She has already distinguished herself as an athlete. 使出众；使著名7.Research suggests that babies learn to see by distinguishing between areas of light and dark. 区分8.There is something about music that distinguishes it from all other

30、art forms. 有别于average（理解句中average并翻译全句）1.It takes an average of ten weeks for a house sale to be completed. 翻译：平均需要10周的时间才能完成一幢房子的销售。2.35% of staff time was being spent on repeating work, about the average for a service industry. 翻译：员工35%的时间花费在重复劳动上，大约是服务业的一般水平。3.The average adult man burns 1,500 to

31、 2,000 calories per day. 翻译：一个普通成年男子每天消耗1500到2000卡路里热量。4.I was only average academically. 翻译：我的学业成绩只能算平平。5.We averaged 42 miles per hour. 翻译：我们平均时速为42英里。6.Shares rose, on average, by 38%. 翻译：股值平均上涨了38%。7.40 hours is a fairly average working week for most people. 翻译：对大多数人来说，一周工作40小时是相当正常的。8.I was jus

32、t an average sort of student. 翻译：我只是一个普通的学生。 四. 长难句分析及翻译要求：1. 划主干, 找出关联词, 判断从句类型, 弄清主从句的附属成分; 2. 翻译句子1.As the researchers report in Animal Behavior, the bears did best with patterns where the coloured dots did not move and where more of them also took up a larger coloured area. 分析：As 引导非限制性定语从句；wher

33、e. and where引导的定语从句修饰先行词patterns。翻译：正如研究人员在动物行为杂志上所报道的那样，在那些颜色点不动的图案中，熊表现得最好，而在那些颜色点较多的图案中，它们也占据了更大的颜色区域。2.However, the three bears managed to pick out the bigger number of dots even in pairs of patterns where fewer dots took up a larger area.分析：where引导的定语从句修饰先行词patterns。翻译：然而，这三只熊成功地识别出了数量更多的点，即使是成

34、对的模式，即较少的点占据更大的区域。3.He seemed to be counting mobile dots even when the scientists tried to mislead him by moving the total coloured area of the dots at the same time.分析：even when引导时间状语从句；介词短语by moving作为方式状语。翻译：他似乎在数移动的圆点，即使科学家试图通过同时移动圆点的全部颜色区域来误导他。第三节 模仿训练要求: 1.做七选五; 2.划出重点单词、短语以及句型，整理在线格处; 3.分析长难句这

35、是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了一些帮助提高阅读速度的建议。1.D. 根据上文“If the only reading you ever do is the novel or magazine, the speed at which you read -probably does not matter very much. But if you have to read a great deal for study, you will appreciate the benefits of being able to read more quickly.（如果你唯一的阅读是小说或杂志，那么你阅读的速

36、度可能并不重要。但是，如果你必须大量阅读来学习，你就会感激能够更快地阅读的好处。）”可知，接下来要介绍提高阅读速度的方法。D项：Here are some tips to help improve your reading speed.（这里有一些帮助提高阅读速度的建议。）符合语境。故选D。2.G. 根据本段主题句“Before you open the book, make sure that you are comfortable.（在你打开书之前，确保你感到舒服。）”可知，本段主要说明要给自己创造舒适的阅读环境。G项：Keep the room cool rather than warm

37、 to avoid feeling sleepy.（保持房间凉爽而不是温暖以避免困倦。）符合语境。故选G。3.B. 空处为段落主题句。根据下文“Look at the table of contents, the preface, the chapter heading,etc（查看目录、前言、章节标题等。）”可知，本段主要讲述在阅读一本书之前要先浏览一下大致内容。B项：Spend a few minutes looking through the book.（花几分钟浏览一下这本书。）符合语境。故选B。4.C. 根据上文“If you decide that you need to read

38、 the whole book, decide how much you can read at a time.（如果你决定要读完整本书，决定一下你一次能读多少。）”和下文“A history book which may contain the facts in story form will be easier to read than one dealing with scientific subjects.（以故事形式包含事实的历史书比科学题材的书更容易阅读。）”可知，看书时间的长短取决于书的类型。C项：This depends on the type of book you are

39、reading.（这取决于你读的书的类型。）符合语境。故选C。5.E. 根据段落主题句“Always keep a pencil and paper beside you.（总是在身边放一支铅笔和一张纸。）”可知，本段强调要随时注意记笔记。E项：Make a note of any page which is of special importance.（把任何有特别重要的一页都记下来。）符合语境。故选E。词汇与句型积累：1.look through浏览，温习2.the table of content内容表3.the chapter heading章标题4.in the long run从长

40、远来看5.dealing with处理；对待6.in the former case对于前一种情况7.make a note of做笔记8.in detail详细地9.as a reminder当作提醒10.If the only reading you ever do is the novel or magazine, the speed at which you read probably does not matter very much.分析：If连接条件状语从句；at which连接定语从句，at the speed of 以.速度，在介词+which连接定语从句中，把先行词还原到动词后面即可根据搭配判断出介词来。翻译：如果你只读小说或杂志，那么你阅读的速度可能不是很重要。