2022届高考英语深度精读系列训练27.docx

1、2022届高考英语深度精读系列训练 第27课时编写说明学生在限时阅读训练中，对一篇文章没有足够的时间来细读，理解的不深不透，但是，可以猜出来不太确定的正确选项，这样的训练叫做“考场式”训练；而在精读课堂上学习一篇文章的时候，从词句到篇章，从细节到主旨，从语言到情怀等方方面面都能够理解的很透彻，这叫做“精读式”训练。目前，在语篇训练中存在的低效问题，主要是因为不少学生为了完成任务而一味地追求速度，无意识地采用了“考场式”的训练方法，而不是为了透彻理解一篇文章去采用“精读式”的训练方法。但是，平时的语篇训练毕竟不是在考场，除了追求速度，更要培养精深理解的习惯和能力。应该将“考场式”和“精读式”两种

2、训练方法结合起来，第一步完成快速阅读，第二步精深理解，在语境中积累基础知识。本系列训练通过导读，突出重点单词、词块以及长难句的训练，旨在培养学生精深阅读的习惯，训练有效处理语篇的能力，在阅读训练中积累语言知识，进而提高语篇训练的效果。第一节. 阅读理解 阅读下面短文,从短文后各题所给的 A、B、C 和 D 四个选项中,选出最佳选项，并在短文中标注出选择答案的依据。For those who can stomach it, working out before breakfast may be more beneficial for health than eating first, accor

3、ding to a study of meal timing and physical activity.Athletes and scientists have long known that meal timing affects performance. However far less has been known about how meal timing and exercise might affect general health.To find out, British scientists conducted a study. They first found 10 ove

4、rweight and inactive but otherwise healthy young men, whose lifestyles are, for better and worse, representative of those of most of us. They tested the mens fitness and resting metabolic (新陈代谢的) rates and took samples of their blood and fat tissue.Then, on two separate morning visits to the scienti

5、sts lab, each man walked for an hour at an average speed that, in theory should allow his body to rely mainly on fat for fuel. Before one of these workouts, the men skipped breakfast, meaning that they exercised on a completely empty stomach after a long overnight fast (禁食). On the other occasion, t

6、hey ate a rich morning meal about two hours before they started walking.Just before and an hour after each workout, the scientists took additional samples of the mens blood and fat tissue.Then they compared the samples. There were considerable differences. Most obviously, the men displayed lower blo

7、od sugar levels at the start of their workouts when they had skipped breakfast than when they had eaten. As a result, they burned more fat during walks on an empty stomach than when they had eaten first. On the other hand, they burned slightly more calories, on average, during the workout after brea

8、kfast than after fasting.But it was the effects deep within the fat cells that may have been the most significant, the researchers found. Multiple genes behaved differently, depending on whether someone had eaten or not before walking. Many of these genes produce proteins that can improve blood suga

9、r regulation and insulin (胰岛素) levels throughout the body and so are associated with improved metabolic health. These genes were much more active when the men had fasted before exercise than when they had breakfasted.The implication of these results is that to gain the greatest health benefits from

10、exercise, it may be wise to skip eating first.1. The underlined expression “stomach it” in Paragraph 1 most probably means “_”.A. digest the meal easilyB. manage without breakfastC. decide wisely what to eatD. eat whatever is offered2. Why were the 10 people chosen for the experiment?A. Their lifest

11、yles were typical of ordinary people.B. Their lack of exercise led to overweight.C. They could walk at an average speed.D. They had slow metabolic rates.3. What happened to those who ate breakfast before exercise?A. They successfully lost weight.B. They consumed a bit more calories.C. They burned mo

12、re fat on average.D. They displayed higher insulin levels.4. What could be learned from the research?A. A workout after breakfast improves gene performances.B. Too much workout often slows metabolic rates.C. Physical exercise before breakfast is better for health.D. Lifestyle is not as important as

13、morning exercise.第二节 精深语篇一.写出文中划线词汇在语境中的词义：1.performance _2.otherwise _3.representative _4.tissue _5.separate _6.workout _7.considerable _8.regulation _9.display _10.implication _二.写出文中划线词组在语境中的含义1. work out _2. be more beneficial for _3. meal timing _4. to find out _5. conduct a study _6. take samp

14、les of _7. at an average speed _8. in theory _9. rely mainly on _10. skip breakfast _11. on the other occasion _12. lower blood sugar level _13. as a result _14. on the other hand _15. on average _16. behave differently _17. be associated with _18. benefit from _三 词汇应用1.performance请根据句意填写单词的正确含义：It

15、was an impressive performance that he criticized himself in the recent meeting._Its such a performance getting the children off to school in the morning._Inside the theatre, they were giving a performance of Bizets Carmen._She has shown enthusiasm in the performance of her duties._The company has be

16、en performing poorly over the past year. _2.representative请根据下列句意填写单词的正确形式以及含义：The committee includes _ from industry. _We have made _ to the prime minister, but without success._The association was formed _ the interests of women artists. _The popular press tends to _ him as an environmental guru.

17、_3.separate请根据下列句意填写单词的正确形式以及含义：Men and women have _ exercise rooms. _Its very possible that we may see a movement _ the two parts of the country._Most single parents are either divorced or _._They were reunited after a _ of more than 20 years._四. 长难句分析及翻译要求：1.划主干,找出关联词,判断从句类型,理解主从句的附属成分; 2.翻译句子1.Th

18、en, on two separate morning visits to the scientists lab, each man walked for an hour at an average speed that, in theory should allow his body to rely mainly on fat for fuel.分析：_翻译：_2.Most obviously, the men displayed lower blood sugar levels at the start of their workouts when they had skipped bre

19、akfast than when they had eaten.分析：_翻译：_3.Many of these genes produce proteins that can improve blood sugar regulation and insulin (胰岛素) levels throughout the body and so are associated with improved metabolic health.分析：_翻译：_第三节 模仿训练要求: 1.做阅读理解题; 2.标注出重点单词、短语以及句型，整理在线格处; 3.分析长难句Who is a genius? This

20、 question has greatly interested humankind for centuries.Lets state clearly: Einstein was a genius. His face is almost the international symbol for genius. But we want to go beyond one man and explore the nature of genius itself. Why is it that some people are so much more intelligent or creative th

21、an the rest of us? And who are they? In the sciences and arts, those praised as geniuses were most often white men, of European origin. Perhaps this is not a surprise. Its said that history is written by the victors, and those victors set the standards for admission to the genius club. When contribu

22、tions were made by geniuses outside the clubwomen, or people of a different color or beliefthey were unacknowledged and rejected by others.A study recently published by Science found that as young as age six, girls are less likely than boys to say that members of their gender are “really, really sma

23、rt.” Even worse, the study found that girls act on that belief: Around age six they start to avoid activities said to be for children who are “really, really smart.” Can our planet afford to have any great thinkers become discouraged and give up? It doesnt take a genius to know the answer: absolutel

24、y not.Heres the good news. In a wired world with constant global communication, were all positioned to see flashes of genius wherever they appear. And the more we look, the more we will see that social factors like gender, race, and class do not determine the appearance of genius. As a writer says,

25、future geniuses come from those with “intelligence, creativity, perseverance, and simple good fortune, who are able to change the world.”1. What does the author think of victors standards for joining the genius club?A. Theyre unfair.B. Theyre conservative.C. Theyre objective.D. Theyre strict.2. What

26、 can we infer about girls from the study in Science?A. They think themselves smart.B. They look up to great thinkers.C. They see gender differences earlier than boys.D. They are likely to be influenced by social beliefs3. Why are more geniuses known to the public?A. Improved global communication.B.

27、Less discrimination against women.C. Acceptance of victors concepts.D. Changes in peoples social positions.4. What is the best title for the text?A. Geniuses Think AlikeB. Genius Takes Many FormsC. Genius and IntelligenceD. Genius and Luck词汇与句型积累：_2022届高考英语深度精读系列训练 第27课时参考答案第一节 语篇解析：本文是说明文。文章介绍了一项研究

28、，结果表明对于那些能忍受的人来说，不吃早餐锻炼可能对健康更有益。1.词句猜测题。根据下文working out before breakfast may be more beneficial for health than eating first可知，早餐前锻炼可能比先吃饭再锻炼对健康更有益，因此推断这里说的是那些不吃早饭先锻炼的人，因此推断划线词与B项“不吃早饭能应付”意思相近。故选B。2.细节理解题。根据第三段的They first found 10 overweight and inactive but otherwise healthy young men, whose lifest

29、yles are far better and worse, representative of those of most of us.可知，他们首先找到了10个超重的，不活跃但健康的年轻人，他们的生活方式可以说更好，也可以说更糟，代表了我们大多数人。因此可知，实验时选择的10个人的生活方式代表了普通人。故选A。3.细节理解题。根据第六段的As a result, they burned more fat during walks on an empty stomach than when they had eaten first. On the other hand. they burne

30、d slightly more calories(卡路里), on average, during the workout after breakfast than after fasting.可知，结果，他们空腹散步时燃烧的脂肪比他们首先吃东西时所燃烧的脂肪要多。 另一方面。平均而言，他们在早餐后锻炼时燃烧的卡路里略多于禁食后。因此可知，锻炼前吃早饭消耗更多一点的热量。故选B。4.推理判断题。根据最后一段The implication of these results is that to gain the greatest health benefits from exercise, it

31、 may be wise to skip eating first.可知，这些结果的暗示，为了从运动中获得最大的健康益处，先不吃东西可能更明智。因此推断早饭前的体育锻炼对健康更有益。故选D。第二节 精深语篇一.写出文中划线词汇在语境中的词义：1.performance n. 表现2.otherwise adv. 除此以外3.representative n. 代表4.tissue n. (动植物的)组织5.separate v. （使）分开，分离6.workout n. 锻炼7.considerable adj. 相当大/多的8.regulation n. 调节9.display v. 显示；

32、显露10.implication n. 暗指二.写出文中划线词组在语境中的含义1. work out 锻炼2. be more beneficial for 更有利于3. meal timing 用餐时间4. to find out 为了查明5. conduct a study 进行研究6. take samples of 采集样本7. at an average speed 以平均速度8. in theory 理论上9. rely mainly on 主要依靠10. skip breakfast 不吃早餐11. on the other occasion 在另一个场合12. lower bl

33、ood sugar level 低血糖水平13. as a result 所以；结果(是)14. on the other hand 在另一方面15. on average 平均；平均起来；按平均值16. behave differently 表现不同17. be associated with 与有关18. benefit from 通过获益；得益于三 词汇应用1.performance请根据句意填写单词的正确含义：It was an impressive performance that he criticized himself in the recent meeting.表现Its s

34、uch a performance getting the children off to school in the morning.麻烦，忙乱Inside the theatre, they were giving a performance of Bizets Carmen.表演She has shown enthusiasm in the performance of her duties.执行；履行The company has been performing poorly over the past year. 运转（好不好）2.representative请根据下列句意填写单词的

35、正确形式以及含义：The committee includes representatives from industry. 代表We have made representations to the prime minister, but without success.交涉,抗议The association was formed to represent the interests of women artists. 维护的利益The popular press tends to represent him as an environmental guru. 描写; 描绘3.separa

36、te请根据下列句意填写单词的正确形式以及含义：Men and women have separate exercise rooms. 分开的Its very possible that we may see a movement to separate the two parts of the country.使分离Most single parents are either divorced or separated.分居的They were reunited after a separation of more than 20 years.离别四. 长难句分析及翻译要求：1.划主干,找出关

37、联词,判断从句类型,理解主从句的附属成分; 2.翻译句子1.分析：that连接定语从句。翻译：然后，在两个早上分别访问科学家的实验室时，每个人以理论上应该允许他的身体主要依靠燃料脂肪的那种平均速度行走一个小时。2.分析：when连接时间状语从句；lower.than.比.更低。翻译：最明显的是，这些男性在锻炼开始时，不吃早餐时比吃早餐时的血糖水平要低。3.分析：that 连接定语从句；and连接并列句。翻译：许多这些基因产生的蛋白质可以改善全身的血糖调节和胰岛素（胰岛素）水平，因此与改善代谢健康有关。第三节 模仿训练要求: 1.做阅读理解题; 2.划出重点单词、短语以及句型，整理在线格处; 3

38、.分析长难句这是一篇议论文。文章由问题“谁是天才？”引入，论述了世人对天才的狭隘定义，提出事实上“天才”有很多种形式，不要让思维限制了我们的“天才”能力。1.推理判断题。根据第三段的“It is said that history is written by victors, and those victors set the standards for admission to the genius club. When contributions were made by geniuses outside the club-women, or people of a different c

39、olor or belief-they were unacknowledged and rejected by others.( 据说历史是由胜利者书写的，而那些胜利者为进入天才俱乐部设定了标准。当俱乐部以外的天才女性或不同肤色或信仰的人做出贡献时，他们不会被承认并且被其他人拒绝)”可推知，作者认为那些“胜利者”对进入“天才俱乐部”设置的标准是不公平的，因为女性或者不同肤色或信仰的人做出的成就是得不到承认的。故选A。2.推理判断题。根据第四段的“Even worse, the study found that girls act on that belief. Around age six t

40、hey start to avoid activities said to be for children who are “really, really smart.”(更糟糕的是，研究发现女孩们是按照这个信念行事的。六岁左右，她们开始避免那些据说是“非常非常聪明”的孩子参加的活动)”可推知，女孩容易受到社会信仰的影响，认为自己在六岁左右就不适合做“聪明孩子”做的事情。故选D。3.细节理解题。根据最后一段的“In a wired world with constant global communication, were all positioned to see flashes of ge

41、nius wherever they appear.( 在一个全球通讯不断的有线世界里，我们随时随地都能看到天才的闪现)”可知，进步的全球通讯让更多的天才被公众所知道。故选A。4.主旨大意题。根据文章的主要内容，结合文章第一段提出问题“Who is a genius?（谁是天才）”和最后一段的“As a writer says, future geniuses come from those with “intelligence, creativity, perseverance, and simple geniuses, who are able to change the world.”(

42、正如一位作家所说，未来的天才来自那些具有“智慧、创造力、毅力和那些能够改变世界的简单天才。”)”可知，天才不一定是那些有巨大贡献的人，他们也可以是某一方面比较突出的普通人。由此可知B项“天才有多种形式”可以作为本文最佳标题。故选B。词汇与句型积累：1. absolutely adv. 完全地，彻底地；（用于强调）确实地，绝对地2. perseverance n. 毅力 ；韧性；不屈不挠的精神3. unacknowledged adj. 不被承认的，未答复的4. go beyond 超出5. set the standards 制定标准6. admission to 允许进入7. even wo

43、rse 更糟糕的是8. act on 奉行，遵行9. become discouraged 灰心丧气10. give up 放弃；投降11. be positioned to 位于.12. Why is it that some people are so much more intelligent or creative than the rest of us?分析：it is . that强调句翻译：为什么有些人比我们其他人更聪明或更有创造力呢？13. And the more we look, the more we will see that social factors(因素)like gender, race, and class do not determine the appearance of genius.分析：the more.the more.越.越.翻译：我们看得越多，我们就越会看到，像性别、种族和阶级等社会因素（因素）并不能决定天才的外表。