2024年中考英语核心语法点复习 被动语态 17.docx

1、被动语态定义主动语态句子的主语是动作的执行者；被动语态句子的主语是动作的承受者。意义被动语态就如同语文中的“被字句”我把玻璃打碎了。I broke the glass.玻璃被我打碎了。The glass was broken by me.有时会省略主语有时会通过“by”突出主语，by sb 是被动语态的标志The glass was broken（by me）.玻璃被（我）打碎了。结构be+done（过去分词）主动变被动Step1找主语：找到主语与宾语All the people laughed at him.Step2换主语：把主动语态的宾语变为被动语态的主语。He was laughed

2、at by all the people.Step3改结构：把谓语动词变成被动结构：be+done（过去分词）He was laughed at by all the people.Step4加by sb（宾格）：主动语态中的主语放by之后作宾语，主格变宾格。He was laughed at by all the people.不同时态及情态动词的被动语态时态结构被动语态结构一般现在时am,is,are, do/doesam/is/are+done一般过去时were,was,didwas/were+done一般将来时will/shall dowill be+done过去进行时was/were

3、 doingwas being+done现在进行时is/am/are doingam/is/are being+done现在完成时have/has donehave/has been+done过去完成时had donehad been+done情态动词情态动词+v情态动词+be+done变化规则“变化的be动词，不变的过去分词”三种情况用被动物在开头，一般用被动人在开头且有by sb，用被动人在开头，且及物动词未加宾语四种情况不被动不及物动词或短语；感官系动词 look，sound，smell，taste，feel表示事物本身性质的词 write，sell，ride等发生类的词汇或者短语 ha

4、ppen，appear，disappear,break out,take place,run out,come true/out/about感官动词、使役动词的被动语态感官使役：主动句里to走开,被动句里to回来.感官动词：see, hear, watch, notice等see/hear/watch/notice sb do sth 经常做某事/动作全过程see/hear/watch/notice sb doing sth正在做某事/反复的动作使役动词：make/let/have sb do sthWe often hear them sing this song. They are often heard to sing this song by us.The boss made the little boy do heavy work.The little boy was made to do heavy work by the boss