22-2022年新高考英语挑战压轴题（阅读C 阅读D 语法填空 读后续写）.docx

1、2022高考英语挑战压轴题 22挑战一：阅读理解C体裁难度建议时间正确率说明文7分钟_/4（2022河北唐山二模）Human brains are social organs theyre neurobiologically (神经生物) wired for connection. But just as our students brains can be unfavorably affected by negative mentality and misfortunes, so can their parents brains, affecting relationships with t

2、eachers.What feels hurtful from a parent could be a worn-out brain, one that is trying to survive and so is defending itself and paying close attention to experiences or relationships that may feel terrifying or unsafe.There are times when we may feel harmed by a parent, and we too can fire off shar

3、p words if we re feeling misunderstood and angry. We may also unintentionally increase a conflict while moving farther away from cooperation and solutions. A poorly regulated educator cannot help a poorly regulated parent.I myself have been blamed for my sons upsetting behaviors when he was struggli

4、ng emotionally. Eleven years ago, when Andrew became a newcomer in high school, the anxiety and anger masking the fear he felt almost destroyed our family. We felt helpless and often hopeless.In the middle of this scary time, I received an email from Andrews Spanish teacher.Dear Dr. Desautels,I want

5、ed you to know that Andrew finished his project today and had a smile on his face. I just wanted to share that with you.Please let me know how I may serve you in the days to come.Mr: PickettThis email changed everything for me as a mom and as an educator. It helped our family experience a bit of hop

6、e and inspiration. Andrew worked hard for Mr. Pickett that term and ended with an AHe failed most of his other classes, but because of the connection this teacher created with Andrew, he felt heard, seen, and appreciated.One thing Ive learned is that I must regulate my own brain state before I inter

7、act with parents. Mr. Picketts effort to foster a positive relationship with my family and my son has shown me a way to support both students and their parents.1Why does a parent say hurtful things?AThey dislike teachers.BThey are easily upset.CThey are much too stressed.DThey are willing to let the

8、ir anger out.2What happened to Andrew as a newcomer in high school?AHe was physically ill.BHe had emotional suffering.CHe tried to escape his family.DHe quarreled with his teacher.3Why did Andrew begin to study Spanish hard?AHe wanted to change everything.BHe was persuaded by his parents.CHe realize

9、d the importance of the subject.DHe got care and appreciation from the teacher.4Who is the intended reader?AStudents.BTeachers.CParents.DDoctors.D体裁难度建议时间正确率说明文8分钟_/4（2022广东二模）In a fascinating paper published last year in Science, a team led by Andreas Nieder of the University of Tubingen in Germany

10、 showed that crows already known to be among the most intelligent of animals are even more impressive than we knew. In fact, the evidence suggests that they are self-aware and, in an important sense, conscious (有意识的).Crows had been observed previously to use tools to solve certain problems. Nieders

11、experiment showed that the birds were actively evaluating how to solve a particular problem; in effect, they were thinking it over. This ability to consciously assess a problem was associated with the cerebral cortex (大脑皮层) in the brains of humans, which birds dont have.Other studies support the ide

12、a that the bird brain can, in principle, support the development of higher intelligence. It had been dismissed in the past due to the small size of birds brains. But recent research has shown that in birds, the neurons (神经元) are smaller and more lightly-packed, which makes sense to reduce weight and

13、 makes it easier lo fly. The total number of brain cell in crows (about 1.5 billion) is about the same as that in some monkey species. But because they are more tightly-packed, the communication between the neurons seems In be better, and the overall intelligence of crows may be closer to that of go

14、rillas (猩猩).This research has important consequences for our understanding of the evolution of higher intelligence. First, a cerebral cortex is not needed, and there are other means to achieve the same outcome. Second, either the evolution of consciousness is very ancient tracing back to the last co

15、mmon ancestor of mammals and birds about 320 million years ago, or, equally interesting, consciousness arose at least twice later on, independently in mammals and birds. Both options raise the possibility that higher intelligence on the planet may not necessarily be mammal or human-like, but could v

16、ery well be birdlike.5What did Andreas Nieders team find out about crows?AThey are more intelligent than other animals.BThey have left people a very good impression.CThey are much cleverer than previously thought.DThey can use tools to solve certain problems.6What does the underlined “It” in paragra

17、ph 3 refer to?AThe idea.BThe bird brain.CThe development.DHigher intelligence.7Why do crows have high-level intelligence?AThey have more tightly-packed brains.BThey have a small number of brain cells.CTheir brain neurons could communicate well.DTheir brain cells are the same with the monkeys.8What c

18、an be inferred from the last paragraph?ACerebral cortexes are necessary for the evolution of higher intelligence.BBoth mammals and birds got their intelligence from common ancestors.CHigher intelligence has already developed separately in different species.DHigher intelligence on the planet might be

19、 different from what we imagine.挑战二：语法填空体裁难度建议时间正确率说明文7分钟_/10（2022河南模拟预测）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。Lushan National Park, in the south of Jiujiang City, Jiangxi Province, is a well-known tourist attraction both in China and abroad. It has appealed _9_ countless visitors on account of its natura

20、l views and cultural relics. The national park covers an area of 500 square kilometers and has more than 90 mountain peaks (山峰). The tallest one of these is Hanyang Peak which has a _10_ (high) of 1,473.4 meters. The park-owes its reputation to its _11_ (wonder), elegant and impressive highlights su

21、ch as waterfalls and rocks. There are 12 main scenic areas, together with 37 attractions. The major _12_ (spot) include Wulao Feng, Sandie Spring, etc. Wulao Feng,_13_ is located in the southeast of Lushan, is 1,436 meters above sea level. Its five parallel mountain peaks once formed a single one, a

22、nd standing on the top, you will _14_ (reward) with an amazing view of the distant mountains, trees, lakes, and a seemingly endless sky. Sandie Spring _15_ (lie)below Wulao Feng and drops through three rough tiers (层) with a fall of 155 meters. The upper part is like snow _16_ (fall) down to the pon

23、d; the middle reach wanders and twists, dancing in the air;the lower level looks like a dragon running in the pond. This is thought _17_ (be) the best of the Lushan waterfalls. It is said that you are not _18_ true visitor here if you miss Sandie Spring.挑战三：读后续写话题难度建议时间得分生活故事20分钟_/2519（2022山东济宁二模）阅读

24、下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。As a young boy, I was carefree. Every vacation I looked forward to two thingsseeing my grandpa and hearing his wonderful stories. My grandpa was a very good storyteller. He had worked various odd jobs when he was young and wove his adventures and misadventures into

25、 fantastic tales. These wonderful tales colored my childhood.As I grew up, I had to admit that Grandpas stories went on a little long, even a little boring and gradually lost their magic. However, not wanting to upset him, my brother and I would sometimes take turns sitting in the living room, liste

26、ning to grandpa tell his stories.When my grandpa was approaching 91, he suffered from serious memory-loss. It was kind of what doctors called dementia (痴呆), probably the earliest stage of Alzheimers disease. Following the doctors directions, we moved him into a Sunrise Assisted Living Community, whe

27、re he could get a better care. After that, grandpa hardly came to our house.One weekend before my grandpas birthday, I came to visit him. Seeing grandpa sitting in his armchair, dull-looking, I was consumed with mixed feelings. I wheeled grandpa to the sunshine in the courtyard, talking to him. He c

28、ouldnt express himself clearly and spoke in short bursts, but I listened to him patiently and carefully just as I used to be a little boy.It was then that I noticed a shadow box with some old and yellowish photos in it. I picked one up, in which my brother, several boys in our neighborhood, and I we

29、re playing basketball with grandpa cheering us on twenty years before. My mind flashed back to those beautiful memories. Back then, Grandpa was in good physical condition and we were all wearing basketball jerseys, playing and laughing with abandon. I presented the photo to my grandpa, pointing at e

30、ach member and reminding him of their names. Incredibly, grandpa could speak out the name of every player. I even caught a soft light in grandpas eyes and a smile on his lips.注意：1. 续写词数应为150 左右；2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。A bright idea for grandpas birthday came to my mind._Seeing “the same players” playin

31、g there, grandpa seemed to have thought of something._参考答案：1C2B3D4C【解析】本文是一篇说明文。文章说明父母和孩子一样都会受到消极心态和不幸的影响，从而影响与老师的关系。作者在文章中通过讲述自己与儿子成长过程中的教育问题，获得了一位西班牙语老师的帮助，让她明白了如何更高效地与孩子和其他学生及他们的父母之间的相处和沟通，建立良好的关系。1推理判断题。根据第二段“What feels hurtful from a parent could be a worn-out brain, one that is trying to survi

32、ve and so is defending itself and paying close attention to experiences or relationships that may feel terrifying or unsafe.(来自父母的伤害可能是一个疲惫的大脑，一个试图生存，因此保护自己，密切关注可能感到可怕或不安全的经历或关系的大脑。)”可知，疲惫的大脑试图生存和保护自己，密切关注不安全的经历或关系使得父母给孩子带来伤人的话语，由此可见他们的压力过大，故选C。2细节理解题。根据第四段“I myself have been blamed for my sons upse

33、tting behaviors when he was struggling emotionally. Eleven years ago, when Andrew became a newcomer in high school, the anxiety and anger masking the fear he felt almost destroyed our family. (我儿子在情绪上挣扎时的不安行为都怪我自己。11年前，当安德鲁成为一名高中新生时，焦虑和愤怒掩盖了他几乎摧毁我们家庭的恐惧。)”可知，安德鲁在成为一名高中生时，遭受情感上的痛苦，故选B。3细节理解题。根据倒数第二段“

34、He failed most of his other classes, but because of the connection this teacher created with Andrew, he felt heard, seen, and appreciated.(他其他大部分课程都不及格，但由于这位老师与安德鲁建立了联系，他感到自己被听到、看到和欣赏。)”可知，安德鲁努力学习西班牙语，是因为他得到了老师的关心和赞赏。故选D。4推理判断题。通读全文可知，父母和孩子一样都会受到消极心态和不幸的影响，从而影响与老师的关系。作者在文章中通过讲述自己与儿子成长过程中的教育问题来说明父母与孩

35、子如何建立积极的关系，结合最后一段“One thing Ive learned is that I must regulate my own brain state before I interact with parents. Mr. Picketts effort to foster a positive relationship with my family and my son has shown me a way to support both students and their parents.(我学到的一件事是，在与父母互动之前，我必须调节自己的大脑状态。皮克特先生努力与我的家

36、人和儿子建立积极的关系，这向我展示了一种支持学生和他们父母的方式。)”可知，作者得到了这位西班牙语老师的帮助，从这件事作者学会了更高效地与孩子和其他学生及他们的父母之间的相处和沟通，建立良好的关系，由此可知，本文主要是想表述家长如何与孩子和老师建立良好的相处关系，所以本文的主要读者对象应是父母，故选C。5C6A7C8D【解析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了研究发现乌鸦比我们之前想的要聪明得多并分析了原因。5细节理解题。根据第一段“In a fascinating paper published last year in Science, a team led by Andreas Nieder of

37、 the University of Tubingen in Germany showed that crows already known to be among the most intelligent of animals are even more impressive than we knew.”（在去年发表在科学杂志上的一篇引人入胜的论文中，由德国图宾根大学的安德烈亚斯尼德领导的一个研究小组表明，乌鸦已经被认为是最聪明的动物之一甚至比我们所知的更令人印象深刻）及第二段“Crows had been observed previously to use tools to solve

38、certain problems. Nieders experiment showed that the birds were actively evaluating how to solve a particular problem; in effect, they were thinking it over.”（之前人们观察到乌鸦会使用工具来解决某些问题。尼德的实验表明，这些鸟正在积极评估如何解决特定问题；实际上，他们正在仔细思考）可知，尼德的研究小组发现乌鸦比我们之前想的要聪明得多，故选C。6词句猜测题。根据划线词前的“Other studies support the idea tha

39、t the bird brain can, in principle, support the development of higher intelligence.”可知，其他研究也支持这样一种观点，即鸟类的大脑原则上可以支持更高智力的发展。此处承接上文，说的是在过去，由于鸟类的大脑体积较小，这一观点一直被忽视，由此可知It指代的就是前文提到的“鸟类的大脑原则上可以支持更高智力的发展”这一观点，故选A。7细节理解题。根据第三段“But because they are more tightly-packed, the communication between the neurons see

40、ms In be better, and the overall intelligence of crows may be closer to that of gorillas.”（但由于脑细胞的排列更紧密，神经元之间的交流似乎更好，乌鸦的整体智力可能更接近大猩猩）可知，乌鸦的智力很高是因为它们的大脑神经元之间能够很好地交流，故选C。8推理判断题。根据最后一段“Both options raise the possibility that higher intelligence on the planet may not necessarily be mammal or human-like,

41、 but could very well be birdlike.”（这两种选择都提出了一种可能性，即地球上的高智商生物不一定是哺乳动物或类人的，但很可能是类鸟的）可知，地球上的高智商生物可能与我们想象的不同，故选D。9to10height11wonderful12spots13which14be rewarded15lies16falling17to be18a【解析】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了庐山风景区的概况以及两个重要景点五老峰和三叠泉。9考查介词。句意：它以其自然景观和文物吸引了无数游客。固定短语appeal to“对有吸引力”，to为介词。故填to。10考查名词。句意：其中最高

42、的是汉阳峰，海拔1473.4米。固定搭配have a height of“海拔是”。故填height。11考查形容词。句意：公园因其美妙、优雅和令人印象深刻的亮点而闻名，如瀑布和岩石。此处与后面形容词elegant and impressive是并列成分，应用形容词wonderful，修饰后面名词，作前置定语。故填wonderful。12考查名词复数。句意：主要景点包括五老峰、三叠泉等。根据Wulao Feng, Sandie Spring, etc.可知，此处用spots“景点”的复数形式，作主语。故填spots。13考查定语从句。句意：五老峰位于庐山东南部，海拔1436米。此句为非限制性定

43、语从句。先行词Wulao Feng，在从句作主语，用关系代词which引导。故填which。14考查动词语态。句意：它的五座平行山峰曾经形成了一座山峰，站在山顶上，你会看到远处的山脉、树木、湖泊和看似无边无际的天空。分析句子结构，此处作谓语动词，动词reward与主语you构成被动关系，应用被动语态，前有will，后接be rewarded。故填be rewarded。15考查主谓一致。句意：三叠泉位于五老峰下方，以155米的落差穿过三个粗糙的层。分析句子结构，此处作谓语动词，结合上下文语境，动词用一般现在时，主语Sandie Spring是单数，谓语动词用单数。故填lies。16考查非谓语动

44、词。句意：上面的部分就像雪落在池塘里。分析句子结构，此处用非谓语动词，与前面名词snow构成主动关系，用现在分词形式，作后置定语。故填falling。17考查非谓语动词。句意：这被认为是庐山瀑布中最好的。分析句子结构，be thought后接不定式，作主语补足语。故填to be。18考查冠词。句意：据说，如果你想念桑迪斯普林，你就不是一个真正的访客。此处泛指“一个真正的访客”，用不定冠词，true是以辅音音素开头的词，应用a。故填a。19 A bright idea for grandpas birthday came to my mind. “Why not give grandpa a s

45、urprise?” I said to myself. I immediately got down to carrying out my plan. Luckily, I contacted all the players in the photo. To my great delight, they were greatly touched by the plan and all agreed to join in. To make the scene real, I even managed to find all the basketball jerseys, equipment an

46、d arrange for a similar-looking basketball court. The big day finally came. After wheeling my grandpa to the court, we began the special game. While playing, I kept an eye on grandpa, waiting for something deep down.Seeing “the same players” playing there, grandpa seemed to have thought of something

47、. Glancing at grandpa again, I found him cheering us on just like 20 years before. Sitting in the warm sunlight, he cheered and clapped, with a bigger smile. For a while, my mind seemed to flash back to those beautiful days. Indeed, my plan somewhat worked. I was overjoyed that I could do something

48、to delight Grandpa, an important person in my 1ife. I was not sure whether this birthday would stick in his mind, but one thing was certain: itd definitely stick in mine.【解析】本文以人物为线索展开，讲述了作者的爷爷在作者小的时候经常给作者讲故事，现在爷爷老了，得了失忆症，住进了老人院。作者在爷爷生日前为爷爷策划了一个生日惊喜。【详解】1.段落续写：由第一段首句内容“我想到了一个给爷爷过生日的好主意。”以及第二段首句“看到同一

49、批打球的人在那里玩，爷爷似乎想到了什么。”可知，第一段讲述的是作者为爷爷准备的惊喜就是把当年一起打球的人都聚集了起来。由第二段首句内容“看到同一批打球的人在那里玩，爷爷似乎想到了什么。”可知，第二段可叙述爷爷的反应和作者的感触。2.续写线索：作者小时候爷爷的陪伴爷爷患病住进老人院爷爷状态不好作者想为爷爷准备惊喜作者联系当年打球的人爷爷似乎想到了以往的时光3.词汇激活行为类着手做：get down to/set about doing 成功做：manage to do/succeed in doing/be able to do 情绪类开心：with a big smile on his fac

50、e/wearing a big smile on his face/smiling happily感动：be touched/be moved【点睛】【高分句型1】I was overjoyed that I could do something to delight Grandpa, an important person in my 1ife. （运用了that引导的宾语从句）【高分句型2】I was not sure whether this birthday would stick in his mind, but one thing was certain: itd definitely stick in mine.（运用了whether引导的宾语从句）