4.5 Unit 4 单词词组语法易错题精练-高一英语同步精品课件 课后习题（人教版2019必修第三册).docx

1、Unit 4单词词组语法易错题精练一、根据汉语意思填写单词1This is a serious_(精神的) disease. 2To _ (促进) people to consume and prevent negative effects of the war, the government decided to reward all citizens. 3Time is _ (有限的), so you must finish it in 30 minutes.4Oil is one of their greatest _ (资源). 5_(信号) are made by day with

2、flags and by night with lights between sailors. 6Anne described how she got into an _ (争论) with one of the waiters about the bill.7There was a shortage of_(氧气)at the top of the mountain.8I havent been _(决定) where to go during the summer vacations.9We practise earthquake safety _ (程序，步骤) twice a year

3、.10We should set aside some time to take _(有规律的) exercise every day, which is good to our health.二、用单词的适当形式完成句子11Their efforts resulted_ the birth of a 1985 book, Understanding China Through Cartoons. 12With a _ (determine) look, I move forward, free of shame and worldly labels, and I can now call m

4、yself a “marathon winner”. 13She gave me a _ (disappoint) expression the kind that said she could not change the result however hard she had tried.14Astronauts usually sleep in private quarters or in sleeping bags_(attach) to the walls or the ceiling.15The research team hope that, with their newly-d

5、eveloped technology, around 85 percent of paper in Denmark_(recycle) by the end of this year. 16_ (determine) to commit himself to his hometown after graduation, he rejected the offer with an honest income.17Strong typhoons hit this area very _(regular). Normally, they form and come here between Jul

6、y and August every year. 18Though_(lack) money, his parents managed to send him to university for further study.19We have to use up all the items before time _ (run) out. 20_ (lack) enthusiasm for sports, she rejected the invitation to a football game.21The amount of money they have is so_(limit) th

7、at they cant afford to buy the new house.22After graduation from senior high schools, students must be trained to live _ (depend). 23Dont worry. Ill have it _ (type)and get someone _( send) it to you tomorrow. 24His ability _(get) on well with people is his chief advantage.25There are many _ (argue)

8、 about the future development of the US in the American election. 26The professor was delighted to find that two thirds of the project had been finished by the students_ (independent).27The fashion world just keeps _(recycle) old ideas.28While_ (intelligence) people can often simplify the complex,a

9、fool is more likely to complicate the simple.29It is high time that the country should attach importance _ energy saving and environmental protection. 30After a long time of discussion they accepted the agreement without _(argue).31As we all know, _ lack of formal education will limit your job oppor

10、tunities. 32Cut down the article so as _ (make) it fit the space available on the paper. 33The audience was carried_ by his wonderful performance. 34No matter what we do,we must carry_ our duties. 35Im writing _ (invite) you to take part in the long-distance relay race.36Another reason for corns ris

11、e: The government encourages farmers to grow corn instead of rice _ (improve) water quality. 37We were astonished _(see) the building still in its original condition.38There are still many problems_(solve)before we are ready for a long stay on the Moon.39You dont have to run fast or for long _ (see)

12、 the benefit. 40_ (enjoy) the convenience of digital payment, many senior citizens started to use smart phones. 41We will be more than happy _(receive) materials, such as clothes, quilts and school supplies.42George returned after the war,only_(tell)that his wife had left him. 43This is the best way

13、 we can think of _(reduce) the waste of water in students bathrooms.44He jumped into the river _ (rescue) a child from drowning. 45He is always the first _ (get) to the office.46After reaching our destination, we had a day_（explore）and be amazed by this ancient city.三、选用适当的单词或短语补全句子根据句意，选择单词或短语并以其适当

14、形式填空。lead to， dock with， on board， find out， focus on， carry on，come down， make sure 47The captain refused to leave the sinking ship for there were children and women still _.48Jack is the right person you can rely on to _ the research when you are away.49As I neared the shore, the black clouds gath

15、ered and the rain _.50The experts are trying to _ the reason why many teenagers have difficulty in communicating with their parents.51First of all, parents should _ that their children receive a good school education.52The talks _ economic development of the region will benefit the locals.53It is re

16、ported eating too much sugar and salt can _ health problems.54The first attempt of the spaceship to _ the orbital station failed.四、用单词的适当形式完成短文阅读下面短文, 按照句子结构的语法性和上下文连贯的要求, 在空格处填入一个适当的词或使用括号中词语的正确形式填空。The first creature _55_(orbit) our planet was just 2 years old. Her name was Laika. She was a good d

17、og. Her 1957 flight paved the way for space_56_(explore) when scientists wondered _57_ it was lethal (致命的)for living things.Humans are born explorers. Since the dawn of civilization, we_58_(attract) over the horizon to find food or more space, or just to see whats beyond those trees or mountains or

18、oceans. Our ability to explore has reached new heights. Airplanes could shorten distances, simplify travel and show us Earth from_59_ new aspect. By the middle of the last century, we aimed even _60_(high).Our first steps into space began. Laika was followed into orbit four years later _61_the first

19、 human, Yuri Alekseyevich Gagarin. Space travel is nothing like that in the movies. Getting from A to B requires complex calculations _62_(involve) inertia (惯性)and gravity. Space is also dangerous. More than 20 astronauts have died while doing_63_ jobs.That hasnt stopped people from signing up and b

20、lasting off (发射升空). NASAs Apollo program has ended but private companies are readying their own space programs. A company _64_(name) Space X is hoping to land civilian astronauts on Mars. Maybe youll be a member of them. Dont forget to bring your dog.参考答案：1mental【解析】考查形容词。句意：这是一种严重的精神疾病。分析句子可知，设空处需填

21、入形容词作定语，修饰名词disease，结合汉语提示可知，mental符合句意。故填mental。2facilitate【解析】考查动词及不定式。句意：为了促进人们消费并防止战争的负面影响，政府决定奖励所有公民。根据句汉语提示及To可知，此句是不定式作目的状语，to后接动词原形。表示“促进”，故填facilitate。3limited【解析】考查形容词。句意：时间有限，你必须在30分钟内完成。根据汉语提示可知，此处使用形容词limited，作表语。故填limited。4resources【解析】考查名词。句意：石油是他们最大的资源之一。根据汉语提示可知，resource资源，名词，符合题意；o

22、ne of+形容词最高级+可数名词复数，表示“最之一”，所以空处需用名词复数。故填resources。5Signals【解析】考查名词。句意：信号白天用旗子发出，晚上用灯光在水手之间发出。根据汉语提示“信号”可知，应填名词signal作主语，结合“are made”可知，此处需填名词复数形式，位于句首，首字母需大写。故填Signals。6argument【解析】考查名词。句意：安妮描述了她是如何与一位服务员就账单发生争执的。get into an argument with sth与发生争论。结合汉语提示及句意，故填argument。7oxygen【解析】考查不可数名词。句意：山顶上氧气不足。

23、分析句子且根据汉语提示可知，空处应填不可数名词oxygen作介词of的宾语，表示“氧气”。故填oxygen。8determined【解析】考查形容词。句意：我还没有决定暑假去哪。根据been可知设空处需填入形容词作表语，结合汉语提示可知，“determined决定”符合句意。故填determined。9procedures【解析】考查名词。句意：我们每年执行两次地震安全程序。根据汉语提示“程序，步骤”可知，此处应填写名词procedure，其为可数名词，表示泛指，且没有冠词限定，需用名词复数形式。故填procedures。10regular【解析】考查形容词。句意：每天我们应该留出一定的时间来

24、有规律的锻炼，这有益于我们的健康。根据句意及汉语提示可知，此处使用形容词regular，修饰名词exercise，作定语。故填regular。11in【解析】考查介词。句意：他们的努力促成了通过漫画了解中国一书在1985年的诞生。根据句意及所给句子可知，此处是固定短语result in“促成”。故填in。12determined【解析】考查形容词。句意：带着坚定的神情，我向前迈进，摆脱了羞耻和世俗的标签，现在我可以称自己为“马拉松赢家”。根据句意及所给句子可知，此处应用形容词determined，意为“意志坚定的，坚决的”，修饰名词look，作定语。故填determined。 13disapp

25、ointed【解析】考查形容词。句意：她给了我一个失望的表情那种说她无论如何努力都改变不了结果的表情。根据句意可知，空处应填形容词作定语，修饰名词expression，应用disappointed“失望的”，常用来修饰人，也可修饰表示人特征的事物，如表情，声音等。故填disappointed。14attached【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意：宇航员通常睡在私人生活区，或者睡在挂在墙上或天花板上的睡袋里。此处使用非谓语动词作后置定语，sleeping bags与attach之间是逻辑上的动宾关系，用过去分词表被动，故填attached。15will have been recycled【解析】考

26、查将来完成时的被动语态。句意：该研究小组希望，利用他们新开发的技术，到今年年底，丹麦大约85%的纸张将被回收。由时间状语by the end of this year可知，句子应用将来完成时，表示在将来某一时间以前已经完成的动作，且主语paper和动词recycle之间是被动关系，故用将来完成时的被动语态。故填will have been recycled。16Determined#Having determined【解析】考查形容词或非谓语动词。句意：他决心毕业后献身家乡，拒绝了这份有可靠收入的工作。分析句子可知，句中有谓语动词“rejected”且句中无连词，故空格处应用非谓语动词，“he

27、”与“determine”为逻辑上的主谓关系，且“determine”的动作发生在谓语动词“rejected”的动作之前，故应用现在分词的完成时“having done”，在句中作状语，句首单词首字母大写，故空格处可填“Having determined”；“be determined to do sth.”意为“决定做某事”，“determined”意为“决定了的”，形容词词性，可用“determined”在句中作状语，故空格处也可填“Determined”。故填Determined或Having determined。17regularly【解析】考查副词。句意：强台风经常袭击这个地区。通

28、常情况下，它们会在每年的7月到8月之间形成并来到这里。修饰动词hit，应用副词。故填regularly。18lacking【解析】考查省略。句意：尽管缺钱，他的父母还是设法送他上大学深造。在 though连接的状语从句中，常省略跟主句相同的主语和be动词，从句表示过去一段时间存在的状态，为过去进行时，完整为though(his parents were) lacking money。故填lacking。19runs#has run【解析】考查动词时态和主谓一致。句意：在时间用尽之前，我们必须消耗完所有的物品。分析句子结构并结合句意可知，连词before引导时间状语从句，从句用一般现在时和现在完

29、成时表示将来，且从句主语time为不可数名词，使用第三人称单数。故填runs或has run。20Lacking【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意：由于对体育缺乏热情，她拒绝了看足球比赛的邀请。分析句子结构可知lack在句中应用非谓语动词形式，与逻辑主语she构成主动关系，故用现在分词作状语。句首单词首字母要大写。故填Lacking。21limited【解析】考查形容词。句意：他们的钱是如此有限，以致于他们买不起那栋新房子。空处放在is后面作表语，用形容词，limit对应的形容词为limited（有限的）。故填：limited。22independently【解析】考查副词。句意：高中毕业后，学生必

30、须学会独立生活。修饰动词live，应用副词independently表示“独立地”。故填independently。23 typed to send【解析】考查非谓语。句意：别担心。我会把它打出来，明天叫人寄给你。固定搭配have sth done“让被做”，get sb to do sth“让某人去做某事”。故填typed和to send。24to get【解析】【分析】考查不定式。句意：他能和人相处是他的主要优势。分析句子可知，“(get) on well with people”作ability的后置定语，某些动词或形容词后可接不定式时，它相应的同根名词也常用不定式做定语。be able

31、 to do sth“能够作某事”，able后接不定式，故其名词形式ability后接不定式作定语，故填to get。【点睛】25arguments【解析】考查名词。句意：在美国大选中，有很多关于美国未来发展的争论。分析可知，空处应用名词作句子主语，many修饰可数名词的复数形式。故填arguments。26independently【解析】考查副词。句意：教授高兴地发现这个项目的2/3已经被学生们独立地完成了。空格处是状语，修饰动词finished，因此要用副词。故填independently。27recycling【解析】考查动名词。句意：时装界就是不停地翻新旧观念。空格处是宾语，根据ke

32、ep doing(保持做某事）可知空格处填recycling。28intelligent【解析】考查形容词。句意：聪明的人往往可以简化复杂的事情，而傻瓜则更容易把简单的事情复杂化。分析句子结构可知，空处要修饰后面的名词做定语，所以要用形容词。intelligence为名词“才智”，其形容词为intelligent“聪明的”。故填intelligent29to【解析】考查介词。句意：该是国家重视节能和环境保护的时候了。attach importance to重视，固定搭配，符合题意。故填to。30argument【解析】【分析】考查名词。句意：经过长时间的讨论，他们毫无异议地接受了这个协议。分析

33、句子可知，设空处应填名词，作介词without的宾语，所给词argue为动词，其名词为argument，意为“争论，异议”，为不可数名词。故填argument。31a【解析】考查固定短语。句意：众所周知，缺乏正式的教育将限制你的求职机会。a lack of为固定短语，意为“缺乏”。故填a。32to make【解析】考查固定短语。句意：把这篇文章剪下来，使之与纸上的可用空间相适应。根据句意可知，把文章剪下来的目的是让它与纸上的可用空间相适应，so as to do sth. “为了做某事”。故填to make。33away【解析】【分析】考查介词。句意：观众被他的精彩表演迷住了。根据“his w

34、onderful performance”可知，carry away“使着迷 ”为固定短语，符合句意。故填away。【点睛】34out【解析】考查固定短语。句意：无论我们做什么，我们必须实施我们的职责。 carry out为固定短语，意为“实施”。故填out。35to invite【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意：我写信是想邀请你参加长跑接力赛。句中用不定式作目的状语。根据句意，故填to invite。36to improve【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意：玉米价格上涨的另一个原因是:政府鼓励农民种植玉米而不是水稻，以改善水质。此处表示目的，故用不定式作目的状语。故填to improve。37to

35、see【解析】考查动词不定式。句意：我们惊讶地看到那栋建筑物仍保持原状。根据We were astonished 可知此处要用动词不定式，作原因状语。故填to see。38to be solved【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意：在我们准备好在月球上长时间停留之前，还有许多问题要解决。分析句子结构可知solve在句中应用非谓语动词形式，此处表示将要发生的动作应用不定式，且problem与solve构成被动关系，故应用to be done形式。故填to be solved。39to see【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意：你不需要跑的太快或者太久去见证它的好处。本句有谓语，因此此处应用非谓语动词。分析子

36、结构及语境可知，此处表示目的，应用动词不定式to see作目的状语。故填to see。40To enjoy【解析】考查不定式做目的状语。句意：为了享受数字支付的便利，许多老年人开始使用智能手机。分析结构可知，此处是动词不定式作目的状语。故填To enjoy。41to receive【解析】考查动词不定式。句意：我们将非常乐意收到诸如衣服、棉被和学习用品等材料。We will be more than happy可知此处要用动词不定式，作原因状语。故填to receive。42to be told【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意：George战争后回来，结果竟然被告知他妻子已经离开他了。分析句子结构

37、可知，动词tell在句中作状语，表示出乎意料的结果，需用动词不定式to tell表示，动词tell和主语George之间是被动关系，需用被动结构，结合动词不定式为to be told。故填to be told。43to reduce【解析】【分析】考查不定式。句意：这是我们能想出的减少学生浴室里浪费水的最好的方法。分析句子可知，“we can think of”是作way的定语，所以句子主干为This is the best way to do sth意为;这是去减少学生浴室水浪费的最好的方法，不定式作way的后置定语，所以此处应用动词不定式。故填to reduce。【点睛】44to resc

38、ue【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意：他跳进河里去救一个溺水的孩子。分析句子结构可知rescue在句中应用非谓语动词形式，此处作目的状语应用不定式。故填to rescue。45to get【解析】考查不定式。句意：他总是第一个到办公室的人。此处是不定式作定语，修饰the first（one）,故填to get.46to explore【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意：到达目的地后，我们有一天的时间去探索这座古老的城市，并为之惊叹。句中用不定式作目的状语，根据句意，故填to explore。47on board48carry on49came down50find out51make sure52foc

39、using on53lead to54dock with【解析】47考查固定短语。句意：船长拒绝离开正在下沉的船，因为船上还有儿童和妇女。根据主语captain“船长”可知，该空应填“on board在船上”。故填on board。48考查固定短语。句意：杰克是你离开时可以依靠的继续进行研究的合适人选。根据句意可知，该空应填“carry on继续”，空前有不定式符号to，该空应用动词原形。故填carry on。49考查固定短语和时态。句意：当我接近海岸时，乌云密布，大雨倾盆而下。根据句意可知，该空应填“come down下来”，根据空前and并列的谓语gathered，该空也应用一般过去时，c

40、ome的过去式为came。故填came down。50考查固定短语。句意：专家们正在试图找出许多青少年与父母沟通困难的原因。根据句意可知，该空应填“find out找出”，空前有try to do用法，该空应用动词原形。故填find out。51考查固定短语。句意：首先，父母应该确保他们的孩子接受良好的学校教育。根据句意可知，该空应填“make sure确保”，空前有情态动词should，该空应用动词原形。故填make sure。52考查固定短语和现在分词。句意：会谈的重点是该地区的经济发展，这将使当地人受益。根据句意可知，该空应填“focus on集中于”，分析句子可知，该空作后置定语，与其

41、逻辑主语The talks之间是主动关系，应用现在分词，填focusing on。故填focusing on。53考查固定短语。句意：据报道，吃太多的糖和盐会导致健康问题。根据句意可知，该空应填“lead to导致”，空前有情态动词should，该空应用动词原形。故填lead to。54考查固定短语。句意：宇宙飞船第一次与轨道空间站对接的尝试失败了。根据句意可知，该空应填“dock with与对接”，空前有不定时符号to，该空应用动词原形，构成不定式，作后置定语，修饰名词attempt。故填dock with。55to orbit56exploration57whether#if58have

42、been attracted59a60higher61by62involving63their64named【解析】【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述人类探索太空的历史。55考查非谓语动词。句意：第一个绕地球运行的生物才两岁。根据句子结构可知，此处考查“序数词+名词+不定式”，其中不定式作定语。故填to orbit。56考查名词。句意：1957年，她的飞行为太空探索铺平了道路，当时科学家们想知道它对生物是否致命。根据句意及句子结构可知，此处考查短语space exploration，表示“太空探索”，故填exploration。57考查宾语从句。句意：1957年，她的飞行为太空探索铺平了道路

43、，当时科学家们想知道它对生物是否致命。根据句子结构可知，此句是宾语从句。根据句意，此处指“它对生物是否致命”，应用引导词whether或if，表示“是否”。故填whether或if。58考查动词语态。句意：自从人类文明以来，我们被地平线所吸引，去寻找食物或更大的空间，或者只是去看看那些树、山或海洋之外的东西。根据句意及Since可知，此处应用现在完成时，表示过去发生的事对现在的影响。主语we与attract是动宾关系，应用被动语态。结合时态及主语we是复数，助动词用have。故填have been attracted。59考查冠词。句意：飞机缩短了距离，简化了旅行，并从一个新的角度向我们展示了

44、地球。根据句意及句子结构可知，此处表示“一个新的角度”，应用不定冠词修饰。new以辅音音素开头，应用a。故填a。60考查比较级。句意：到上个世纪中叶，我们的目标更高了。根据句意及even修饰可知，此处应用比较级，表示“更高”，故填higher。61考查介词。句意：Laika 进入太空4年后，第一个人类，Yuri Alekseyevich Gagarin也被送入轨道。根据句意及句子结构可知，此处考查短语be followed by，表示“被跟随；在之后”。故填by。62考查非谓语动词。句意：从A点到B点需要复杂的计算，包括惯性和重力。根据句子结构可知，此处应填非谓语动词。calculations与involve是逻辑主谓关系，应用现在分词。故填involving。63考查代词。句意：超过20名宇航员在他们工作时死亡。根据句意及句子结构可知，此处表示“20名宇航员在他们工作时”，应用形容词性物主代词，作定语，修饰名词jobs。故填their。64考查非谓语动词。句意：一家名为Space X的公司希望将平民宇航员送上火星。根据句子结构可知，此处应填非谓语动词。A company与name是逻辑动宾关系，应用过去分词，作定语。故填named。