Unit 4 单元话题语法填空练习-2022-2023学年高一英语必修第三册单元重难点易错题精练（人教版2019）.docx

1、 Unit 4单元话题语法填空专项练习(名校最新真题)（2022福建泉州高一阶段练习）阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容(不多于1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。Three Chinese recently arrived at the countrys new space station in another step forward for the growing space power. The three-member crew stayed for three months in the stations main living space _1_ (call) a module.

2、The module is named Tian he, _2_ means “Harmony of the Heavens” in Chinese. The astronauts carried out science _3_ (experiment) and also completed space walks, preparing the station _4_ (receive) two other modules next year.China _5_ (send) over ten astronauts into space since its first launch in 20

3、03. It is the _6_ (three) country after the former Soviet Union and the United States to do so.With its economy _7_(grow) in the 1990s, China made a plan for space exploration. Since then, it has been trying to carry out this plan _8_ (careful).However, its likely that China would have built its own

4、 station anyway because of its goal to become _9_ major space power. It represents the countrys rise from a poor nation _10_ the worlds second largest economy in the last 40 years.（2022四川省成都市新都一中高一期中）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。Astronauts on the Shenzhou XIV _11_ (step) out of their spacecraft f

5、or the second spacewalk on Saturday afternoon, according to the China Manned Space Agency.Senior Colonel Cai Xuzhe _12_ (successful) opened the airlock cabin (气阀舱) of the Wentian lab module at 1:35 p.m. and then went out of the station. He _13_ (follow) by commander Senior Colonel Chen Dong. The ast

6、ronaut _14_ stayed inside the station supported their operations.That was the first time for astronauts _15_ (use) the Wentian space labs airlock cabin to carry out a spacewalk. Chen and his teammates have spent 103 days in orbit _16_ have carried out a series of tasks such as fixing new equipment o

7、utside the station and conducting _17_ (science) experiments. They arrived at Tiangong _18_ the evening of June 5 and are scheduled to keep _19_ (fly) with the station until early December, when the Shenzhou XV group will take over.By now, three groups of Chinese astronauts have lived and worked ins

8、ide the Tiangong space station. Chinas space station will be ready soon and _20_ (it) unique shape will show the best of the Chinese wisdom and the Chinese people.（2022浙江省普陀中学高一期中）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。Dubbed “rocket boy”, Yan Hongsen, _21_primary school student from Shaoxing,Zhejiang prov

9、ince, _22_ (invite) to teach his whole school about space science at the opening ceremony of the new school term.The 9-year-old boy_23_won national fame after_24_ (point) out factual errors in a planetarium documentary(天文馆纪录片)is now giving astronomy lessons to his schoolmates.Yan_25_ (be) a space sc

10、ience fan since he was just 4 years old and makes cardboard rocket models and teaches online classes to other_26_ (love).He became_27_ (interest) in space science, then fell in love with astronomy and military affairs.After the short video about him was_28_wide)spread,this smart boy is well known al

11、l over China. Many schools including his own invited him to give lessons. His_29_pride) father posted the boys “job offer”when Yan was made “Aerospace Junior Lecturer” by his school who sets an example_30_all the teenagers.（2022河南安阳高一阶段练习）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。A Chinese space company has d

12、esigned a machine _31_ can catch waste materials left behind by spaceships in outer space with a big net.The 30-kilogram machine, called NEO-01, _32_ (make) by Origin Space last year. The company says the machine will lead the way for future technologies able to develop asteroids(小行星).Usually,space

13、cleanup technology lets magnets(磁铁) gather up space waste. But a report on the Origin Space website says NEO-01 will use a net _33_(catch)waste and then burn it._34_ (thousand)of spaceships have been sent up worldwide. As time goes on, many end up as waste and put other operating spaceships _35_ ris

14、k.Su Meng is the founder of Origin Space. He said the company plans to send up many space telescopes and more spaceships to begin the _36_(develop) of asteroids by 2045._37_is reported by Xinhua Neus that China is increasing efforts to land a spaceship on a near-Earth asteroid to collect materials.

15、China is also _38_(clear) speeding up a plan to send up spaceships to stop near-Earth asteroids from _39_(harm)the Earth.The country aims to follow other space powers such as Russia in becoming _40_ main space power by 2030.（2021福建宁德高一期中）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。Three Chinese recently arrived

16、 at the countrys new space station in another step forward for the growing space power. The three-member crew stayed for three months in the stations main living space _41_ (call) a module.The module is named Tian he, _42_ means “Harmony of the Heavens” in Chinese. The astronauts carried out science

17、 _43_ (experiment) and also completed space walks, preparing the station to receive two other modules next year. China _44_ (send) over ten astronauts into space since its first launch in 2003. It is the _45_ (three) country after the former Soviet Union and the United States to do so. As its econom

18、y experienced _46_ (grow) the 1990s, China made a plan for space exploration. Since then, it has been trying_47_ (carry) out this plan carefully. However, its likely _48_ China would have built its own station anyway because _49_ its goal to become a major space power. It represents the countrys ris

19、e from a poor nation to _50_ (become) the worlds second largest economy in the last 40 years.（2022江苏苏州高一期末）阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容（1个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式。Microgravity (微重力) is the experience of gravity that is only a small part of the force we experience on Earth. Gravity is a force _51_ attracts anything with

20、 mass to anything else that also has mass. The more mass it has, the _52_ (great) the gravity will be. You can stay on the surface of the surface of the Earth at this moment because the Earths mass _53_ (attract) your own mass to it and holding you here. Microgravity is what happens when the experie

21、nce of gravity _54_ (seem) very small. While we may say that astronauts are weightless in space, _55_ theyre actually experiencing is microgravity. Microgravity isnt the _56_ (absent) of gravity. There is gravity, even in space. I just becomes weaker with distance from the object bringing the gravit

22、ational force into use.Astronauts study microgravity while in space _57_ (find) out what it does to organisms over time. For example, our bones and muscles develop the strength to keep our bodies upright _58_ the force of Earths gravity. After _59_ (remain) too long in microgravity, well find our mu

23、scles and bones become weak. They no longer need to keep the same level of strength. Plants also grow _60_ (different) in microgravity. Thats important for scientists learning how to grow crops in space for long-term space travel.（2022陕西汉中高一期末）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。Shenzhou mission blasts

24、offThe Shenzhou mission Chinas ninth manned spaceflight was launched _61_(successful) on Sunday morning from the Jiuquan Satellite Launch Center in the northwestern Gobi Desert.The three crew _62_(members) Senior Colonel Chen Dong, Senior Colonel Liu Yang and Senior Colonel Cai Xuzhe will stay in th

25、e Tiangong space station for half a year.Before_63_(they), the Shenzhou XII and XIII three-member crews lived inside the Tiangong,_64_ is traveling in low-Earth orbit about 400 kilometers high.In early May, the Tianzhou 4 cargo spacecraft was launched_65_a Long March 7 rocket from Wenchang Space Lau

26、nch Center in Hainan province,_66_ (transport) nearly 6 metric tons of propellants and materials to Tiangong.Tiangong consists of the Tianhe core module, the Tianzhou 3 and the Tianzhou 4.In July, the stations _67_(one) lab component Wentian, or Quest for the Heavens will be launched, while the seco

27、nd lab _68_(name) Mengtian, or Dreaming of the Heavens,_69_ (send) to dock with the station in October. After they are connected with the Tiangong, the station will form a T-shaped structure.The Tiangong is expected _70_(operate) for up to 15 years and will serve as a scientific platform, space offi

28、cials have said, noting it will also be open to foreign astronauts.（2022河北唐山高一期末）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。We humans are crazy about space. Scientists work hard, _71_ (hope) to have a better understanding of it.Before the mid-20th century, most people thought it an impossible dream to travel t

29、o space. _72_, some scientists were determined to realize it. After many experiments, the Sputnik 1 satellite _73_ (launch) by the USSR took Yuri Gagarin to space, _74_ marked the start of space age. Though space mission disasters happened, resulting in sadness and disappointment, the desire _75_ (e

30、xplore) the universe never ended. People believe in the _76_ (important) of carrying on space exploration in spite of huge risks.Chinas space programme started later than those of Russia and the US, but _77_ has made great progress in a short time. China sent humans into space in 2003 _78_ (independ

31、ent). After that, China made many _79_ (breakthrough) in space exploration. More recently, Chinas Shenzhou-14 spaceship has successfully docked.The future of space exploration remains bright. Hopefully, the future discoveries _80_ (enable) us to understand the universes origin and help us survive in

32、to the future.参考答案：1called2which3experiments4to receive5has sent6third7growing8carefully9a10to【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了中国建立新空间站的重要意义。1考查非谓语动词。句意：三名宇航员在空间站的主要居住空间“太空舱”里呆了三个月。空处需填非谓语动词作后置定语，修饰名词space，call和space为逻辑动宾关系，需用过去分词形式。故填called。2考查定语从句。句意：这个太空舱被命名为“天和”，在中文中意为“天合”。空处引导非限制性定语从句，先行词Tian he，指物，在定语从句中作主语

33、，需用关系代词which引导。故填which。3考查名词。句意：宇航员们进行了科学实验，还完成了太空行走，为空间站明年接收另外两个模块做准备。空处和“walks”并列，需填名词作宾语，experiment为可数名词，此处需用复数形式。故填experiments。4考查非谓语动词。句意同上。根据“next year”可知，此处用动词不定式表将来。故填to recieve。5考查动词时态。句意：自2003年首次发射以来，中国已将十多名宇航员送入太空。根据时间状语“since its first launch in 2003”可知，此处使用现在完成时，主语为China，助动词用has。故填has s

34、ent。6考查序数词。句意：这是继前苏联和美国之后第三个这样做的国家。定冠词the修饰序数词，此处表示“第三个”应用序数词third，故填third。7考查非谓语动词。句意：20世纪90年代，随着经济的增长，中国制定了太空探索计划。“with+宾语+宾语补足语”为固定结构，空处需填非谓语动词作宾语补足语，economy和grow为逻辑主谓关系，需填现在分词形式。故填growing。8考查副词。句意：从那以后，它一直在认真地执行这一计划。修饰动词短语carry out需用副词carefully作状语。故填carefully。9考查冠词。句意：然而，中国很可能无论如何都会建造自己的空间站，因为它的

35、目标是成为一个主要的太空大国。space power为可数名词，此处表示泛指，且major发音以辅音音素开头，需用不定冠词a修饰。故填a。10考查介词。句意：它代表着这个国家在过去40年里从一个贫穷的国家崛起为世界第二大经济体。fromto为固定短语，意为“从到”。故填to。11stepped12successfully13was followed14who#that15to use16and17scientific18on19flying20its【导语】本文是一篇新闻报道。据中国载人航天局消息，神舟十四号航天员于周六下午走出飞船进行第二次太空行走。蔡旭哲、陈冬先后成功出舱。11考查动词的时

36、态。句意：据中国载人航天局消息，神舟十四号的航天员于周六下午走出飞船进行第二次太空行走。根据时间状语on Saturday afternoon，可知句子的时态为一般过去时。故填stepped。12考查副词。 句意：下午1点35分，蔡旭哲大校成功地打开了“问天”实验舱的气闸舱，然后走出了空间站。此处用副词修饰动词opened，successful的副词为successfully。故填successfully。13考查动词的时态语态。句意：随后是指挥官陈冬大校。叙述过去发生的事，应用一般过去时，故本句的时态为过去时，设空处和句子的主语he（指代蔡旭哲）之间是被动关系，故填was followed。

37、14考查定语从句。句意：留在空间站里的宇航员支持他们的行动。设空处引导定语从句，先行词为the astronaut，从句缺少主语，应用关系代词who/that。故用who/that。15考查固定句型。句意：这是宇航员首次使用闻天空间实验室的气闸舱进行太空行走。设空处在句中作非谓语，固定句型That was the first time for sb. to do那是某人第一次做某事，故填to use。16考查连词。句意：陈和他的队友已经在轨道上度过了103天，并完成了一系列任务，如在空间站外安装新设备和进行科学实验。分析句子的结构可知，设空处并列谓语动词，应用连词and。故填and。17考查形

38、容词。句意见上题解析。设空处后为名词，设空处应用形容词的形式修饰名词，scientific experiments科学实验。故填scientific。18考查介词。句意：他们于6月5日晚抵达天宫，按计划将与空间站一起飞行到12月初，届时神舟15号将接管天宫。在具体的某天晚上用介词on。故填on。19考查非谓语动词。句意见上题解析。设空处在句中作非谓语，固定短语keep doing一直做某事。故填flying。20考查代词。句意：中国的空间站即将建成，它独特的外形将展示中国智慧和中国人。设空处后为名词，设空处应用形容词性物主代词作定语修饰名词。故填its。21a22was invited23wh

39、o#that24pointing25has been26lovers27interested28widely29proud30for#to【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了“火箭男孩”-严洪森。21考查冠词。句意：被称为“火箭男孩”的严洪森是浙江绍兴的一名小学生，他被邀请在新学期开学典礼上给全校讲授太空科学。设空处后为名词单数student，此处表示泛指，应用不定冠词，空后形容词为辅音音素开头，故填a。22考查动词时态语态和主谓一致。句意见上题解析。设空处在句中作谓语和句子的主语Yan Hongsen之间为被动关系，叙述过去发生的事，应用一般过去时，主语Yan Hongsen是第三人称单数，

40、谓语动词用单数。故填was invited。23考查定语从句的引导词。句意：这名9岁的男孩因在天文馆纪录片中指出事实错误而闻名全国，现在他正在给同学们上天文学课。设空处引导定语从句且在句中作指人的主语，先行词为boy。故填who/that。24考查非谓语动词。句意见上题解析。设空处在句中作非谓语，空前为介词after，设空处应用动名词的形式作宾语。故填pointing。25考查动词的时态。句意：严洪森从4岁起就是一名太空科学迷，他制作纸板火箭模型，并在网上给其他爱好者教授课程。设空处在句中作谓语，根据时间状语“since he was just 4 years old(从他4岁起)”，可知句子

41、时态为现在完成时，且主语Yan是第三人称单数，谓语动词用单数。故填has been。26考查名词。句意见上题解析。设空处在句中作宾语，应用名词的形式，根据空前的形容词other(别的，其他的)，可知设空处应用名词的复数形式。故填lovers。27考查形容词。句意：他开始对太空科学感兴趣，然后又爱上了天文学和军事。设空处在句中作表语，应用形容词的形式；主语为he，表示人“对感兴趣”，应用动词的过去分词的形式的形容词作表语。故填interested28考查副词。句意：在关于他的短视频被广泛传播后，这个聪明的男孩在全中国都很有名。设空处后为动词，设空处应用副词的形式修饰动词。故填widely。29考

42、查形容词。句意：当严洪森被学校选为“航空航天初级讲师”时，他自豪的父亲把他的“工作邀请”贴在网上，为所有青少年树立了榜样。设空处后为名词，设空处应用形容词的形式修饰名词。故填proud。30考查介词。句意见上题解析。固定短语set an example to/for为树立榜样。故填for或者to。31which#that 32was made33to catch34Thousands 35at 36development37It38clearly39harming40a【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述一家中国航天公司设计了一种机器，可以用大网捕捉太空船在外太空留下的废料。31考查定语从句。

43、句意：一家中国航天公司设计了一种机器，可以用大网捕捉太空船在外太空留下的废料。分析句子可知，这里考查定语从句，先行词是a machine ，为物，在从句中充当主语成分。故填which/that。32考查时态语态。句意：这台30公斤重的机器名为NEO-01，去年由Origin Space制造。分析句子可知，此空应填谓语动词，主语The 30-kilogram machine与谓语make为被动关系，且由 last year可知，这里应用一般过去时。故填was made。33考查非谓语。句意：但Origin Space间网站上的一份报告称，NEO-01将使用一个网收集废物，然后将其焚烧。分析句子可

44、知，此空应填非谓语，再根据句意可知，应填不定式作目的状语。故填to catch。34考查数词。句意：数以千计的宇宙飞船被发射到世界各地。这里考查thousands of表“成千上万”，为固定搭配。故填Thousands。35考查介词。句意：随着时间的推移，许多太空船最终成为废物，并使其他正在运行的太空船面临风险。这里考查at risk表“在危险中”，为固定搭配。故填at。36考查词性转换。句意：他说，该公司计划发射许多太空望远镜和更多的宇宙飞船，以便在2045年开始开发小行星。分析句子可知，冠词the后面应加名词，且development表“发展”，为不可数名词。故填development。3

45、7考查代词。句意：据新华社报道，中国正在加紧努力，将一艘宇宙飞船降落在近地小行星上收集材料。这里考查it is reported that表“据报道”，为固定句型。故填It。38考查副词。句意：中国显然也在加快发射太空船的计划，以防止近地小行星对地球造成伤害。分析句子可知，此空应填副词修饰动词speeding up。故填clearly。39考查非谓语。句意：中国显然也在加快发射太空船的计划，以防止近地小行星对地球造成伤害。这里考查stop sb from doing sth 表“阻止某人做某事”，为固定搭配。故填harming。40考查冠词。句意：该国的目标是在2030年之前跟随俄罗斯等其他太

46、空大国成为主要太空大国。分析句子可知，此空应填应填冠词，且表泛指概念。故填a。41called42which43experiments44has sent45third46growth47to carry48that49of50becoming【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了中国新空间站的重要意义。41考查非谓语动词。句意：三名机组人员将在空间站叫做核心舱的主要生活区域停留三个月。分析句子结构可知，call与逻辑主语the stations main living space构成被动关系，故过去分词作定语。故填called。42考查定语从句。句意：该核心舱名为“天和”，在中文里意为“天地

47、人和”。此处为非限制性定语从句修饰先行词Tianhe，指物，从句中缺少主语，应用关系代词which来引导，that不能引导非限制性定语从句，故填which。43考查名词的数。句意：宇航员们进行了科学实验，并完成了太空行走，为空间站明年接收另外两个模块做准备。experiment为可数名词，前文没有冠词，应用复数形式。故填experiments。44考查时态。句意：到目前为止，中国自2003年首次发射以来已经将14名宇航员送入太空。分析句子结构可知，结合up to now可知应用现在完成时，且主语是China与send是主动关系，主语是第三人称单数，应用has sent，故填has sent。4

48、5考查序数词。句意：中国是继前苏联和美国之后第三个这样做的国家。此处表示“第三个”应用序数词third，故填third。46考查名词。句意：20世纪90年代，随着中国经济的增长，中国制定了太空探索计划。此处应用名词growth作动词experienced的宾语，表示“增长”，故填growth。47考查非谓语动词。句意：从那以后，它一直在努力谨慎地执行这一计划。此处为短语try to do sth.表示“努力做某事”。故填to carry。48考查固定句型。句意：然而，中国很可能会建造自己的空间站，因为我们的目标是成为一个主要的太空大国。句型It is likely that，表示“很可能”，故

49、填that。49考查介词。句意：然而，中国很可能会建造自己的空间站，因为我们的目标是成为一个主要的太空大国。后跟名词作宾语，表示“因为”应用because of。故填of。50考查非谓语动词。句意：它代表了这个国家在过去40年里从一个贫穷的国家崛起为世界第二大经济体。fromto是固定搭配，表示“从到”，to为介词，应用动名词作宾语。故填becoming。51which#that52greater53is attracting54seems55what56absence57to find58against59remaining60differently【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了什么

50、是引力以及微重力，以及这两种力对人体的影响。51考查定语从句。句意：引力是一种把任何有质量的物体吸引到其他有质量物体上的力。定语从句修饰先行词force，先行词在从句中作主语，指物，故用关系代词which或that引导。故填which/that。52考查比较级。句意：质量越大，引力越大。此处为句型“the+比较级，the+比较级”，表示“越越”，故填greater。53考查时态。句意：此时你可以呆在地球表面，因为地球的质量吸引着你自己的质量，把你固定在这里。表示动作现在正在进行，应用现在进行时，主语为the Earths mass，谓语用单数。故填is attracting。54考查时态。句意

51、：微重力是当重力的体验看起来非常小的时候发生的事情。根据上文is可知为一般现在时，主语为the experience of gravity，谓语用第三人称单数形式。故填seems。55考查主语从句。句意：虽然我们可能会说宇航员在太空中是失重的，但他们实际上体验的是微重力。引导主语从句，从句中缺少宾语，指事情应用what。故填what。56考查名词。句意：微重力不是没有重力。作表语，应用名词absence，不可数。故填absence。57考查非谓语动词。句意：宇航员在太空中研究微重力，以了解随着时间的推移它对生物体的影响。分析句子结构可知find在句中应用非谓语动词形式，此处作目的状语，应用不定

52、式。故填to find。58考查介词。句意：例如，我们的骨骼和肌肉发展出力量来保持我们的身体直立，对抗地球的重力。后跟名词作宾语，表示“对抗”应用介词against。故填against。59考查非谓语动词。句意：在微重力环境中停留太久后，我们会发现我们的肌肉和骨骼变得虚弱。作介词的宾语应用动名词形式。故填remaining。60考查副词。句意：在微重力环境下，植物的生长方式也不同。修饰动词grow应用副词differently，作状语。故填differently。61successfully62members63them64which65by66transporting67first68nam

53、ed69will be sent70to operate【导语】这是一篇说明文。主要讲述周日上午，神舟十四号载人飞船中国第九次载人航天飞行在西北戈壁沙漠的酒泉卫星发射中心发射。61考查副词。句意：周日上午，中国第九次载人航天飞船神舟十四号在西北戈壁沙漠的酒泉卫星发射中心成功发射。修饰动词launch应用副词successfully，作状语。故填successfully。62考查名词的数。句意：三名航天员陈冬大校、刘洋大校和蔡旭哲大校将在天宫空间站停留半年。member为可数名词，由three修饰应用复数形式。故填members。63考查代词。句意：在他们之前，神舟十二号和十三号机组人员，均为三

54、名成员，也曾在天宫空间站驻留，该空间站在大约400公里高的低地球轨道上运行。作宾语，应用宾格them。故填them。64考查定语从句。句意：在他们之前，神舟十二号和十三号机组人员，均为三名成员，也曾在天宫空间站驻留，该空间站在大约400公里高的低地球轨道上运行。分析句子结构可知，“the Tiangong”为先行词，空格处应填非限制性定语从句的引导词，且先行词指物且在从句中充当主语，所以应填which。故填which。65考查介词。句意：在五月份早期，天舟四号货运飞船是由海南省的文昌航天发射中心用长征7号火箭发射的，向天宫运送了近六公吨推进剂和材料。此处表示被动，应用介词by。故填by。66考

55、查非谓语动词。句意：在五月份早期，天舟四号货运飞船是由海南省的文昌航天发射中心用长征7号火箭发射的，向天宫运送了近六公吨推进剂和材料。分析句子结构可知，空格处应填非谓语动词，且与逻辑主语“the Tianzhou 4 cargo spacecraft”之间的关系为主动，故用现在分词作状语。故填transporting。67考查序数词。句意：七月份时，空间站的第一个空间实验室“问天”或“天之旅”将会被发射，而命名为“梦天”的第二个实验室将于十月被发射与空间站对接。结合后文“while the second lab named Mengtian”可知此处指第一个空间实验室。故填first。68考查

56、非谓语动词。句意：七月份时，空间站的第一个空间实验室“问天”或“天之旅”将会被发射，而命名为“梦天”的第二个实验室将于十月被发射与空间站对接。分析句子结构可知name在句中应填非谓语动词形式，且与所修饰词“the second lab”之间的关系为被动，故用过去分词作定语。故填named。69考查时态语态。句意：七月份时，空间站的第一个空间实验室“问天”或“天之旅”将会被发射，而命名为“梦天”的第二个实验室将于十月被发射与空间站对接。主语与谓语构成被动关系，结合上文可知为一般将来时的被动语态。故填will be sent。70考查非谓语动词。句意：太空官员表示，天宫预计将运行长达十五年，并将作

57、为一个科学平台，并指出它也将对外国宇航员开放。此处为短语sth./sb. be expected to do sth.表示“被预计做某事”。故填to operate。71hoping72However73launched74which75to explore76importance77it78independently79breakthroughs80will enable【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了科学家们正努力探索太空以便更好地了解它，希望未来的发现能让我们了解宇宙的起源，并帮助我们在未来生存下去。71考查非谓语动词。句意：科学家们努力工作，希望对它有更好的了解。分析句子结构可知

58、，应填非谓语动词的形式，句子主语Scientists与hope之间为主动关系，应用现在分词，表主动。故填hoping。72考查副词。句意：然而，一些科学家决心实现它。结合文意可知，表示前后语意存在转折，且有逗号隔开，应用转折副词however，位于句首，首字母需大写。故填However。73考查非谓语动词。句意：经过多次试验，苏联发射的斯普特尼克1号卫星将尤里加加林送上了太空，这标志着太空时代的开始。分析句子结构可知，应填非谓语动词的形式，the Sputnik 1 satellite与launch之间为被动关系，应用过去分词，表被动。故填launched。74考查定语从句。句意：经过多次试验

59、，苏联发射的斯普特尼克1号卫星将尤里加加林送上了太空，这标志着太空时代的开始。此处为非限制性定语从句，关系代词在从句中作主语，指代前面整句话的内容，应用关系代词which 。故填which。75考查非谓语动词。句意：虽然太空任务的灾难发生了，导致了悲伤和失望，探索宇宙的愿望永远没有结束。结合句意可知，空处应填不定式的形式，作后置定语，修饰名词desire。故填to explore。76考查名词。句意：尽管存在巨大的风险，人们仍然相信进行太空探索的重要性。根据空前的believe in可知，应填名词形式，作宾语。故填importance。77考查不定代词it。句意：中国的太空计划起步晚于俄罗斯和

60、美国，但在短时间内取得了巨大进步。空处缺主语，指代前面的“Chinas space programme”，需用表示特指的不定代词it。故填it。78考查副词。句意：中国在2003年独立地将人类送上了太空。结合句意可知，空处应填副词形式，修饰动词。故填independently。79考查名词。句意：此后，中国在太空探索方面取得了许多突破。make breakthrough in意为“在方面取得突破”，固定搭配。故填breakthrough。80考查动词时态。句意：希望未来的发现能让我们了解宇宙的起源，并帮助我们在未来生存下去。根据空前的“the future discoveries”可知，动作还未发生，应用一般将来时。故填will enable。