Unit 4 单词变形词组短语句型练习-2022-2023学年高一英语必修第三册单元重难点易错题精练（人教版2019）.docx

1、Unit 4 Space Exploration重点单词变形，词组，短语，句型练习(知识点全覆盖)单词变形1. procedure n. 程序；步骤；手续 n. 过程；步骤2. mental adj. 精神的；思想的 adj. 物质的；身体的3. intelligent adj.有智慧的；聪明的；有智力的 n. 聪明；智慧4. universe n. 宇宙；天地万物 adj. 普遍的 adv. 普遍地5. determined adj. 有决心的；意志坚定的 n.决心 vt. 查明；确定；决定6. disappointed adj. 失望的；沮丧的 adj. 令人失望的 vt. 使失望 n.

2、失望7. independently adv. 独立地；自立地 n. 独立 adj. 独立的；自主的 v. 依靠；依赖8. analysis n. (pl. analyses)(对事物的)分析；分析结果 v. 分析 n. 分析家9. regularly adv. 经常；定期地 adj. 定期的；有规律的 v. 规定 n. 规章；规定10. limited adj. 有限的 n. 限制；局限11. argue vt.& vi. 论证；争辩；争论 n. 争论；争吵；论点重点词组变形1. 对好奇2. 在岁时3. 从毕业4. 继续做，坚持干5. 在宇宙飞船上；在船上；在飞机上6. 关注7. 找出；弄明

3、白8. 抱着做的希望9. 为了；以便10. 弄懂；弄清楚；弄明白11. 导致；造成12. first of all 13. in the future 14. step onto 15. make progress 16. space station 17. as a result 18. provide for sb. 19. in closing 20. run out 一、用单词的适当形式完成句子1He was _(disappoint) at the grade he got in his maths exam.2I managed to persuade my classmates

4、_(accept) my idea. 3Coal is used to _(produce) electricity for industry. 4She does morning exercise every day _( keep) her figure. 5You would make a great opportunity _(accept) his invitation. 6Kids are encouraged to take good care of their bodies by getting enough rest, exercising _(regular), eatin

5、g healthy food, and drinking plenty of water. 7Im _ (determine) to succeed. 8In order to encourage the students_(take) outdoor exercise, the school will organize a mountain climbing on November. 9She was _(intelligence) but suffered from a lack of ambition. 10We will do whatever it takes _(supply) y

6、ou with sufficient protective equipment. 11Thanks to the_ (determine) efforts of the staffs, we finished the task ahead of time. 12She got up very early_as to catch the first bus. 13The manager has arranged for us _(have) a meeting in the afternoon.14The teacher inspires his students _ (give) their

7、opinions actively even if they are different from others. 15When asked who the first Asian _(win) the Noble Prize in Literature is, Steven looked blank. 16Cars allowed, but parking is_(limit). 17He was badly hurt. As _ result, he didnt participate in this activity. 18In other words, resolving an _(a

8、rgue) cuts your negative feelings by half. 19In modern society, not a single country can be _(independence) of other countries. 20Please remind me _(attend) the meeting at 8 oclock tomorrow. 21I think you are_(mental) tired. 22A satellite has been _(launch) to learn more about space. 23At the meetin

9、g they presented a detailed _(analyse)of twelve schools in this city. 24The United Kingdom has a long and interesting history _ (explore). 25He stood up，signalling _ the officer that he had finished with his client26_ our disappointment, we hurried to the museum yesterday morning, only to find it wa

10、s closed for construction work. 27She has the _ (determine) to overcome all the difficulties to succeed. 28The father walked slowly enough _(make) his child follow him. 29Because she was_(lack) in training, she was afraid of making an exhibition of herself. 30They hurried to the airport _ the hope o

11、f catching a glimpse of him. 二、根据汉语意思填写单词31A committee was established to limit damage to the Egyptian buildings and_(阻止) the loss of cultural relics. 32Our chemistry teacher sometimes asks us _ (观察) the experiment carefully before writing a lab report. 33Here is _(充足的)evidence to show that plastic

12、bags have caused white pollution to the environment. 34This year marks the 51st anniversary of the successful launch of Chinas first_(人造卫星), DFH-1. 35Professor Li will inform you of the detailed_(步骤) for doing the experiment. 36The stone rolled down the mountain due to _(重力). 37He has a _(渴望)for suc

13、cess though he has failed many times. 38Parents should keep medicine _ (超出) childrens reach. 39Fathers have the power to _ (控制) children and young people. 40To _(说明) my point, let me tell you a little story. 41It is inspiring that 98 percent of domestic waste has been _ (回收利用). 42Attlee was extremel

14、y _ (有才智的) and his grasp of the situation was masterly. 43With the water in the lake running out, farmers have to dig wells to _ (供给) their farmland with water. 44It marked an important step in Shanxis new sustainable development _(模式) featuring carbon peak and neutralization. 45Mooncake is a kind o

15、f round cookie with various fillings and different artistic _ (图案) on the surface. 三、完成句子46由于缺乏经验, 他虚心地向同事们学习。(一句多译)Since _, he learnt from his colleagues modestly. _, he learnt from his colleagues modestly. Because _,he learnt from his colleagues modestly.47She _ everything was all right.她对其他女孩发信号说

16、一切正常。48_the work on time, we cant afford to waste a minute.为了按时完成工作，我们不能浪费一分钟。49大雪持续了一个星期，导致整个地区交通混乱。The snow lasted a week, _ _ a traffic confusion in the whole area.50他努力学习以通过考试。He worked hard _ _ _ _.四、用单词的适当形式完成短文阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。Three Chinese spacemen on board the Shenzhou-14 man

17、ned spaceship returned to Earth _51_ (safe) on Sunday. It _52_ (announce) that the spacemen were all in good physical condition, and the Shenzhou-14 manned task was _53_ huge achievement.The team is the third group of _54_ (visitor) to the Chinese station. During their six- month journey, they watch

18、ed over the _55_ (arrive) of the Wentian and Mengtian space lab modules (太空舱). They completed many tasks during _56_ (they) mission, including giving a live science lecture, _57_ (perform) three activities outside the modules and doing several sci-tech experiments.The three spacemen on Shenzhou-15 s

19、paceship came into the _58_ (country) space station and met with another three spacemen on Wednesday. This is a great gathering _59_ added the manpower at the space lab to six _60_ the first time.参考答案：拓展词汇变形1 procedure n. 程序；步骤；手续process n. 过程；步骤2 mental adj. 精神的；思想的physical adj. 物质的；身体的3 intelligen

20、t adj.有智慧的；聪明的；有智力的intelligence n. 聪明；智慧4 universe n. 宇宙；天地万物universal adj. 普遍的universally adv. 普遍地5 determined adj. 有决心的；意志坚定的determination n.决心determine vt. 查明；确定；决定6 disappointed adj. 失望的；沮丧的disappointing adj. 令人失望的disappoint vt. 使失望disappointment n. 失望7 independently adv. 独立地；自立地independence n.

21、独立independent adj. 独立的；自主的depend v. 依靠；依赖8 analysis n. (pl. analyses)(对事物的)分析；分析结果analyze v. 分析analyst n. 分析家9 regularly adv. 经常；定期地regular adj. 定期的；有规律的regulate v. 规定regulation n. 规章；规定10 limited adj. 有限的limit n. 限制；局限11 argue vt.& vi. 论证；争辩；争论argument n. 争论；争吵；论点核心短语互译1. be curious about 对好奇2. at

22、the age of 在岁时3. graduate from 从毕业4. carry on 继续做，坚持干5. on board 在宇宙飞船上；在船上；在飞机上6. focus on 关注7. find out 找出；弄明白8. in the hope of doing sth. 抱着做的希望9. so as to (do sth.) 为了；以便10. find/figure out 弄懂；弄清楚；弄明白11. result in 导致；造成12. first of all首先13. in the future在将来14. step onto 踏上15. make progress 取得进步1

23、6. space station 太空站17. as a result 结果18. provide for sb. 提供生活所需19. in closing 最后20. run out 用完，耗尽1disappointed【详解】考查形容词。句意：他对数学考试的成绩感到失望。结合句意空处应填形容词形式，be disappointed at意为“对感到失望”。故填disappointed。2to accept【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：我设法说服我的同学接受我的想法。固定搭配persuade sb. to do sth.“劝说某人做某事”，其中动词不定式作宾语补足语。故填to accept。3

24、produce【详解】考查动词。句意：煤被用来为工业发电。be used to do sth.“被用来做某事”，用不定式作目的状语，to是不定式符号，故填produce。4to keep【详解】考查不定式的用法。句意：她每天做早操，以便保持身材。句子的谓语为does，所以空处应用非谓语动词形式。这里“保持身材”表示目的，所以应用不定式。故填to keep。5to accept【详解】考查动词。句意：你将是一个接受他邀请的好机会。opportunity后跟不定式作定语。故填to accept。6regularly【详解】考查副词。句意：孩子们被鼓励通过得到足够的休息，经常锻炼，吃健康的食物，喝大

25、量的水，好好照顾自己的身体。分析句子可知，空处需使用副词regularly作状语修饰exercise。故填regularly。7determined【详解】考查形容词。句意：我下定决心要成功。分析句子可知，此处应填形容词，在句中做表语。固定搭配be determined to do(下定决心做某事)。故填determined。8to take【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：为了鼓励学生参加户外锻炼，学校将于11月l0日组织一次爬山活动。固定搭配encourage sb. to do sh意为“鼓励某人做某事”，本空应用不定式作宾补。故填to take。9intelligent【详解】考查形容词。

26、句意：她很聪明，但缺乏野心。was为系动词，空处需填形容词作表语。故填intelligent。10to supply【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：我们将尽一切努力为你们提供足够的防护装备。此处作目的状语，应用动词不定式。故填to supply。11determined【详解】考查形容词。句意：由于全体员工的坚定努力，我们提前完成了任务。修饰后文名词efforts应用形容词determined，作定语。故填determined。12so【详解】考查固定短语。句意：她起得很早以便赶上第一班公共汽车。so as to do sth“以至于/为了做某事”为固定短语。故填so。13to have【详解】

27、考查不定式。句意：经理已安排我们下午开会。根据句意和空格前的arrange for us以及所给动词have分析句子可知，此处是考查动词arrange的用法arrange for somebody to do something（安排某人做某事）。故填to have。 14to give【详解】考查动词不定式。句意：老师鼓励学生积极地提出自己的观点，即使自己的观点和其他人的观点不同。根据句子分析可知，此处为“鼓励某人做某事”，表达为inspire sb. to do sth.，故应用动词不定式作宾补，故填to give。15to win【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：当被问到谁是第一个获得诺贝尔

28、文学奖的亚洲人时，Steven一脸茫然。当名词前有序数词修饰时，常用不定式作后置定语。故填to win。16limited【详解】考查形容词。句意：允许开车，但停车位有限。此处应用形容词limited作表语，表示“有限的”，故填limited。17a【详解】考查固定短语。句意：他伤得很重。因此，他没有参加这次活动。分析句子可知，此处为固定短语As a result“因此，结果”，满足句意要求。故填a。18argument【详解】考查名词。句意：换句话说，解决争论会让你的负面情绪减少一半。空处应填名词作动词resolving的宾语，argument争论，可数名词，由an可知应用单数形式。故填ar

29、gument。19independent【详解】考查形容词。句意：在现代社会，没有一个国家可以独立于其他国家。be independent of脱离而独立。根据句意，故填independent。20to attend【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：请提醒我参加明天8点的会议。remind sb. to do sth.为固定用法，意为“提醒某人做某事”。故填to attend。21mentally【详解】考查副词。句意：我想你是精神疲劳了。分析句子可知，设空处在句中修饰形容词tired，应用副词；mental的副词形式为mentally，表示“精神上”。故填mentally。22launched【

30、详解】考查动词。句意：为了更多地了解太空，一颗卫星已经发射。分析句子可知，设空处与前面的has been一起作谓语，此处为现在完成时的被动语态have / has been done结构，设空处应用过去分词形式。故填launched。23analysis【详解】考查名词。句意：在会议上，他们详细分析了城市的12 所学校。空处需填名词作宾语，不定冠词a修饰单数可数名词。故填analysis。24to explore【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：英国有一段漫长而有趣的历史可探索。根据句意和结构，设空处可用动词不定式to explore，作名词history的后置定语。故填to explore。25

31、to【详解】考查介词。句意为：他站起身来，向警官示意他已经和他的当事人谈完了。signal to sb为固定搭配，意为“示意某人”。故填to。26To【详解】考查介词。句意：令我们失望的是，昨天上午我们匆匆赶到博物馆，却发现博物馆因施工而闭馆。to ones disappointment为固定短语，意为“令某人失望的是”，首字母应大写。故填To。27determination【详解】考查名词。句意：她有决心克服所有的困难去取得成功。设空处作动词has的宾语，且空前有定冠词the，应用名词，determination决心，不可数名词。故填determination。28to make【详解】考查

32、非谓语动词。句意:父亲走得很慢,足以让孩子跟着他。结合句意可知，此处表示结果,根据固定结构“.enough to do sth意为“足够可以做某事了”可知，此处应用不定式作结果状语，且make与逻辑主语the father间为主动关系。故填to make。29lacking【详解】考查形容词。句意：她因缺乏训练而担心出洋相。分析句子结构可知，此处为形容词作表语，lack的形容词为lacking意为“缺乏的”，be lacking in“缺乏”，固定短语。故填lacking。30in【详解】考查介词。句意：他们匆匆赶到机场，希望能看他一眼。句中in the hope of为固定短语，意为“怀着的

33、希望”。故填in。31prevent【详解】考查动词。句意：成立了一个委员会，以限制对埃及建筑的破坏和预防文物的流失。根据汉语提示，空处应填动词prevent“预防；阻止”，分析句子可知，不定式作目的状语，and连接两个不定式，第二个不定式省略不定式符号，可知此处要用动词原形。故填prevent。32to observe【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：我们的化学老师有时要求我们在写实验报告之前仔细观察实验。根据汉意提示以及固定搭配“ask sb. to do sth.”可知，应为动词observe的不定式形式作宾补。故填to observe。33sufficient【详解】考查形容词。句意：有足

34、够的证据表明塑料袋对环境造成了白色污染。表示“充足的”应用形容词sufficient，此处作定语修饰名词evidence。故填sufficient。34satellite【详解】考查名词。句意：今年是中国首颗卫星东方红一号成功发射51周年。名词所有格Chinas修饰名词，空处需填名词satellite，根据“first”可知，此处使用名词单数形式。故填satellite。35procedure【详解】考查名词。句意：李教授会告诉你做实验的详细步骤。根据汉语提示“步骤”，其英文为procedure，此处特指做本次实验的步骤，为单数，故填procedure。36gravity【详解】考查名词。句意

35、：石头会因为重力沿着山坡向下滚动。根据汉语提示，表示“重力”含义的词为：gravity，作宾语，不可数，故填gravity。37desire【详解】考查名词。句意：虽然他失败了很多次，但他仍然渴望成功。根据汉语提示可知应填名词desire，作宾语。故填desire。38beyond【详解】考查介词。句意：父母应该把药品放在孩子够不着的地方。分析句子，beyond ones reach为固定短语，意为“够不到”，该结构为介词短语作状语。故填beyond。39dominate【详解】考查动词。句意：父亲有支配孩子和年轻人的力量。表示“控制”应用动词dominate。power意为“力量”，为抽象名

36、词，应用to do不定式作后置定语。故填dominate。40illustrate【详解】考查动词。句意：为了说明我的观点，让我给你们讲个小故事。分析句子可知，此处用不定式作目的状语，不定式to后接动词原形。根据汉语提示及句意，故填illustrate。41recycled【详解】考查现在完成时的被动语态。句意：令人振奋的是，98%的生活垃圾已被回收利用。根据汉语提示可知，空处用动词recycle，名词“98 percent of domestic waste”与动词“recycle”为动宾关系，所以空处用被动；结合空前“has been”可知，此处用过去分词recycled，故填recycl

37、ed。42intelligent【详解】考查形容词。句意：艾德礼非常聪明，对形势的把握也很高明。根据汉语提示和句子结构可知，形容词intelligent符合题意，作表语。故填intelligent。43supply【详解】考查动词。句意：随着湖中的水逐渐枯竭，农民们不得不挖井来为他们的农田供水。根据句意和汉语提示应填supply“供给”，to是不定式符号，不定式此处作目的状语，故填supply。44pattern【详解】考查名词。句意：这标志着山西迈出了碳峰中和可持续发展新格局的重要一步。“模式”表达为名词pattern，为单数形式，作in的宾语。故填pattern。45patterns【详解

38、】考查名词。句意：月饼是一种圆形的饼干，有各种馅料，表面有不同的艺术图案。根据汉语提示可知，pattern图案，可数名词，由different可知应用复数形式，在句中作with的宾语。故填patterns。46 he lacked experience For the lack of experience he was lacking in experience【详解】考查固定短语和状语从句。第一空since引导原因状语从句，主语为he，表示“缺乏经验”短语为lack experience，结合后文learnt可知为一般过去时；第二空表示“缺乏经验”可用介词短语for the lack of

39、experience，作状语；第三空主语为he，表示“缺乏”可用短语be lacking in，为一般过去时。故填he lacked experience；For the lack of experience；he was lacking in experience。47signaled the other girls that【详解】考查动词。根据句意可知，此处意为“对其他女孩发出信号”，表达为signal the other girls，且空后文句子，故应用that引导宾语从句，且根据后文的was可知，此处应用一般过去时，故填signaled the other girls that。48

40、In order to finish【详解】考查固定短语。表示“为了”应用in order to，不定式作目的状语；表示“完成”应用动词finish。句首单词首字母要大写。故填In order to finish。49 resulting in【详解】考查短语。句意：大雪持续了一个星期，导致整个地区交通混乱。result in导致。表示自然而然带来的结构，所以用现在分词作结果状语。根据句意，故填resulting in。50 to pass the exam【详解】考查不定式。根据句意可知，努力学习的目的是通过考试，应用不定式表示目的，通过考试翻译为“pass the exam”，故填topa

41、sstheexam。51safely 52was announced 53a 54visitors 55arrival 56their 57performing 58countrys 59that/which 60for【导语】这是一篇新闻报道。文章主要报道了神舟14号载人飞船的三名中国宇航员安全返回地球，并介绍了他们在太空中所取得的成就。51考查副词。句意：周日，神舟十四号载人飞船上的三名中国宇航员安全返回地球。空处修饰动词returned，需用副词safely作状语。故填safely。52考查动词时态语态。句意：据宣布，航天员的身体状况都很好，神舟14号载人任务是一个巨大的成就。此处为本句

42、谓语动词, 根据上文“returned”可知，本句为一般过去时，主语和谓语动词间是被动关系，主语为it，be动词用was。故填was announced。53考查冠词。句意同上。achievement为可数名词，此处表示泛指，且huge发音以辅音音素开头，需用不定冠词a修饰。故填a。54考查名词。句意：这支队伍是中国空间站的第三批访客。根据上文“Three Chinese spacemen”可知，此处指三个人，为复数。故填visitors。55考查名词。句意：在他们6个月的旅程中，他们见证了“问天”号和“梦天”号空间实验舱的到来。定冠词the修饰名词，空处需天名词arrival作宾语。故天ar

43、rival。56考查代词。句意：他们在任务期间完成了许多任务，包括进行现场科学讲座，在模块外进行了三个活动，并进行了几个科技实验。根据空后的 mission可知，空处为形容词性物主代词作定语。故填their。57考查非谓语动词。句意同上。这里动名词短语作宾语，和giving，doing并列。故填performing。58考查名词所有格。句意：周三，神舟15号飞船上的三名宇航员进入国家空间站，并与另外三名宇航员会面。表示“国家的空间站”要用名词所有格作定语。故填countrys。59考查定语从句。句意：这是一次伟大的聚会，首次将太空实验室的人力增加到6人。空处引导定语从句，先行词为gathering，指物，在定语从句中担当主语，所以用关系代词which或that引导。故填that/ which。60考查介词。句意同上。固定短语for the first time，意为“首次”。故填for。