Unit 6 Section B-【精品课】 2022-2023学年九年级英语全一册自学手册（人教版）.docx

1、人教版新目标九年级英语自学手册知识点解析+ 短语归纳+写作指导+ 自我检测Unit 6 When was it invented?Section B知识点解析知识精讲1. in the end 最后；最终 (Page 45 1c)其后不接of短语，相当于at last, finally。此短语强调经过许多变化莫测的情况之后某事才发生。They were out of danger in the end. 他们最后脱险了。【拓展】（1）at the end of.后接地点名词时，表示在尽头；后接表示时间的名词时，表示在结束时。Walk along the street and youll fin

2、d the hospital at the end of the street. 沿着这条街走，在街道的尽头你就会找到那家医院。（2）by the end of.意为在以前； 到为止，常用于将来时态或过去完成时态的句子中。We will finish the work by the end of this year. 我们在今年年底以前就会完成这项工作。2. Canadian adj. 加拿大的；加拿大的 (Page 46 2b)Her sister is a Canadian teacher. 她的姐姐是一位加拿大教师。【拓展】Canadian用作可数名词，意为加拿大人。其复数形式为Cana

3、dians。Two Canadians are taking photos in the park. 两名加拿大人正在公园里拍照。【助记】Canada(加拿大) Canadian (加拿大人)Australia (澳大利亚) Australian (澳大利亚人)America (美国；美洲) American （美国人；美洲人）3. divide.into把分开 （Page 46 2b）其被动结构为 be divided into，意为被分为。Lets divide ourselves into several groups. 让我们分成几个小组吧。divide 及物动词，意为分开；分散，指把

4、整体分成若干部分。He divided the cake among the children. 他把这个蛋糕分给了孩子们。【典例】My P. E. teacher _ us _ (把分成) two teams and asked us to play games.【答案】divided.into.【解析】结合and后的动词(asked)形式可知divide也用过去式。4. encourage sb. to do sth. 鼓励某人做某事 （Page 46 2b）The teacher often encourages us to study hard. 老师经常鼓励我们要努力学习。【拓展】e

5、ncourage sb. in sth. 意为在方面助长某人的某种行为/鼓励某人。Dont encourage him in laziness. 别助长他的懒惰行为。【典例】Jessicas parents always encourage her _ out her opinions.A. speak B. speaking C. to speak D. will speak【答案】C【解析】encourage sb. to do sth. 意为鼓励某人做某事， 为固定用法， 故选C。5. nearly adv. 几乎；差不多；将近 （Page 48 Self Check）It took n

6、early two hours to get there. 到那里花了将近两个小时。【辨析】nearly与almost两者均有几乎；差不多；将近之意，有时可通用，具体区别如下表：nearly几乎；差不多；将近可以和not连用，not nearly 意为远非，绝不是；nearly前可用very，pretty等词修饰。almost几乎；差不多可以和no, never, nothing等表示否定意义的词连用，但不与not连用Weve saved some money, but its not nearly enough. 我们存了一点儿钱，但还远远不够。I almost never see her.

7、 我几乎从未见过她。6. at a low price 以低价This sweater is on sale at a low price. 这件毛衣正以低价出售。low形容词，意为低的。She jumped over the low wall. 她跳过了那堵矮墙。【拓展】高低贵贱的用法：low低主语是价格，不能是物品本身high高cheap廉价；便宜的主语不能是价格，必须是物品本身 expensive昂贵的；花钱多的Today in Tokyo the lowest temperature is 16, and the highest is 28. 今天东京的最低气温是16，最高气温是28。

8、The price of this watch is very high. 这只表的价格很高。The price of this book is not low for me. 这本书的价格对我来说不低。This watch is expensive. 这只表很贵。This cloth doll is very cheap. 这个布娃娃很便宜。【典例】At present, the price of the houses in Urumqi _ than before. I can afford _ a large one. A. are cheaper; to buyB. is cheape

9、r; buyC. are lower; buy D. is lower; to buy【答案】D【解析】本题用分析句意法解题。句意：现在，乌鲁木齐市房子的价格比以前低，我可以负担得起买一套大房子。the price of the houses作主语，应用low或high表示，且谓语动词用单数。afford to do sth.负担得起做某事。7. translate /trnslet/ v. 翻译 translate. into .意为把翻译成，既可用于主动语态中，也可用于被动语态中。Dont translate everything into Chinese when you read En

10、glish articles. 当你阅读英语文章时，不要把所有的东西都翻译成汉语。Will the book be translated into English as soon as possible? 这本书会尽快翻译成英文吗？【典例】Do you know Mo Yan? His books _ into English a few years ago. A. were translatedB. translatedC. are translated D. translates【答案】A【解析】本题用语法判定法解题。句意：你知道莫言吗？他的书几年前被翻译成英文。本句为被动语态，根据句中的

11、时间状语a few years ago可知用一般过去时。【拓展】translation n. 翻译 translator n. 翻译家8. by mistake 错误地；无意中I took your bag by mistake. 我错拿了你的包。【注意】by 与mistake之间不加冠词，是介词短语，在句中作状语。【典例】Where is my book?Oh, sorry! I have taken yours _ mistake.A. byB. by a C. with D. with a【答案】A【解析】by mistake 错误地；无意中。9. the Olympics 奥林匹克运动

12、会与the Olympic Games同义，作主语时，谓语动词常用复数形式。【典例】The 30th Olympics _ in London in 2012.A. heldB. will be heldC. were heldD. has been held【答案】C【解析】此题用主谓一致法。主语是复数，谓语动词用复数形式。主语与hold为动宾关系，要用被动语态，再由时间状语可知应用一般过去时的被动语态。10. stop .from . 阻止做某事stop sb.from doing sth.相当于prevent sb.from doing sth.，在主动语态中，两者中的from均可省略，

13、但在被动语态中不可省略。No one can stop us (from) carrying out the plan. 没有人能阻止我们实施这个计划。The water must be prevented from polluting by us. 我们必须阻止水被污染。【典例】I will try my best to stop my son from _ the same mistake. A. makeB. made C. makesD. making【答案】D【解析】本题用固定短语法解题。句意：我会尽最大努力阻止我的儿子犯同样的错误。stop sb.from doing sth. 意

14、为阻止某人做某事。 11. not only. but also. 不但而且以not only .but (also). 连接的句子，当not only置于句首时往往引起部分倒装。Not only can I do it but (also) I can do it best. 我不仅能做到而且我能做得最好。not only . but also. 应连接两个对称的并列成分，连接两个主语时谓语动词要采用就近原则。Not only Mr. Lin but also his son loves the movie. 不但林先生而且他的儿子也喜欢这部电影。【拓展】常见的就近原则的结构有：(1) ne

15、ither.nor. 既不也不 (两者都不)Neither you nor I like him. 我和你都不喜欢他。(2) either.or.不是就是 (两者中的一个)Either you or Lily is a student. 不是你就是莉莉是学生。(3) there be结构There is a pen and two books on the desk. 书桌上有一支钢笔和两本书。12. look up to 钦佩；仰慕 I looked up to Thomas Edison when I was a child.当我是个孩子的时候我很钦佩托马斯爱迪生。其反义短语是look d

16、own on 看不起，鄙视。【拓展】look的常用短语： look up 向上看；查阅(词典)look down 向下看look after 照看；照顾look around 环顾四周look for 寻找look forward to 盼望【典例】马云很成功，许多年轻人仰慕他。(look)Ma Yun is so successful that many young people _ him. 【答案】look up to13. hero /hr/ n. 英雄 It is believed that all astronauts are real heroes. 人们认为所有的宇航员都是真正

17、的英雄。hero的复数形式是在其后加-es构成的。【魔法记忆】巧记以o结尾加-es变复数的名词：黑人(Negro) 英雄(hero)爱吃西红柿 (tomato) 炒土豆(potato)。14. This is because. 这是因为系动词之后是表语，表语是由一个句子充当的，即称为表语从句，连接表语从句的词有：because，why，that，what，who，when，where，which，whether，how等。All the cars are going slowly. This is because there is a thick fog. 所有的车都开得很慢，这是因为有浓雾。

18、His bike was broken. That is why he came to school on foot. 他的自行车坏了。那就是他步行来学校的原因。【典例】You have spent too much time playing computer games. Thats _ your eyes hurt. A. why B. howC. whatD. when 【重点短语】potato chips 炸薯条；炸土豆片by mistake 错误地；无意中in the end最后put lots of salt on .在上面撒很多盐a much-loved and active s

19、port一种备受欢迎而且剧烈的运动more than 超过；多于in history历史上a college teacher一位大学老师divide . into把分开get the ball in the other teams basket把球投进对方篮筐at the same time同时stop . from doing .阻止做dream of 梦想；幻想；向往not only . but also .不但而且the number of .的数量look up to these basketball heroes钦佩/仰慕这些篮球英雄encourage sb. to do sth.鼓

20、励某人做某事achieve their dreams实现他们的梦想come up with 提出；想出lead to导致【写作指导】本单元的话题是“发明”，涉及科普知识与技术等内容，是学生最感兴趣的话题之一。写作体裁多为说明文，写好这类文章一定要抓住事物的特征、功能和用途。写作此类话题作文的常用表达有：(1)When was invented?(2)It was invented(3)They are used for【写作任务】写作任务(Section B3a& 3b)假如你就读于一所国际学校，酷爱发明。在你校的“科技周”活动中你想向同学们“推销”你的一项新发明，请你写一篇短文为此做准备。【

21、审清题目】内容：介绍你的一项新发明文体：说明文人称：以第三人称为主时态：以一般现在时为主【头脑风暴】【提供素材】(以下表所列2个发明为例，展示如何搜集所需语言素材)语块发明名称an alarm on the glassescleaning dog发明时间three months agoin 2017发明人Li HuaAlex用途finding glassesdealing with rubbish at home构造/外观There is a button (按钮) on the alarm. It is controlled by a remote control (遥控器).looks l

22、ike a real dog工作原理Turn on the button with the remote control, and the alarm will make a sound.Follow the sound to the glasses.It uses its nose to look for its food the rubbish.The rubbish will turn into energy (能源) after being eaten.价格20 yuan30 dollars句型1. It was invented in . / last . / . weeks / m

23、onths / years ago.2. It was invented by . 3. Its made of .4. It looks like . 5. It is . meters tall and weighs . kilos.6. It can be used as . 7. It is used for doing .8. It can help . (to) do . 9. It is easy / convenient / . for . to do .10. Its / It costs you . yuan / dollars.【谋篇布局】【点评范文】1.内容：文章内容全

24、面，作者介绍了新发明的名称、发明时间、用途、构造、工作原理及价格。由于此文的写作目的是推销一项新发明，若在文章开头点明该发明适合的目标群体、潜在用户会更有利于销售(将you改为those who need to look for their glasses from time to time)。2.语言：在介绍该发明的工作原理时，作者使用了表示顺序的词first和then，使得听众容易明白如何操作。如果将文章的最后一句话If you hate it, please come to me and buy one改为If so, please come to me and buy one，文章的语

25、言会显得地道而精练。【典型例题2】计算机在我们的生活、工作中的作用越来越大，你知道计算机的起源与发展吗？请结合计算机的发明时间（1946年）、外形、用途等方面，谈一下它的发展变化，并说明你对未来计算机的畅想。【优秀范文】ComputerComputers are becoming more and more important in our daily life. Do you know when the computer was invented?The computer was invented in 1946. At that time, it was huge. With the de

26、velopment of science and technology, the computer has grown smaller. Now there are many kinds of computers, such as personal computers and laptops. The computer is a very useful tool in our life. For example, it can send some messages to foreign friends by email. Whats more, it can share information

27、 with others through the World Wide Web. We can also listen to music or play the game on computers. It makes us relax.Its hard to imagine what our life would be like without computers. I think computers will be more convenient and they are going to change our life completely in the near future.【自测题】

28、一、完成句子根据汉语意思完成英语句子1Basketball has _ _（不仅）become a popular sport to play，_ it has _（而且）become a popular sport to watch.2Now many young people _ _ _（梦想成为）famous basketball players.3Their teacher often _ them _ work hard to _ _ _（鼓励实现他们的梦想）。4She will come here _ _（即使）it rains.5The students were _ _（分成）

29、two groups to play soccer yesterday.二.根据括号内的要求完成下列各题，每空一词(含缩略形式)。1. These computers were made in 2013. (改为否定句) These computers _ _ in 2013.2. The boys story was reported differently in the newspapers. (改为一般疑问句) _ the boys story _ differently in the newspapers?3. The 29th Olympics were held in Beijin

30、gon August 8, 2008. (对划线部分提问) _ _ the 29th Olympics _ in Beijing?4. Mom opened the window just now. (改为被动语态) The window _ _ _ Mom just now.三、单项选择1.How was your skating lesson last week?_Not bad. Although I fell over many times, I managed to skate at last.A. in the endB. at presentC. at times2. Miss

31、Chen, my dear English teacher, often encourages me _ the challenges in my study.A. faceB. facesC. facingD. to face3. A break between classes is a good time for students to play sports and talk with their classmates. So it _ helps with students health, _ improves their social skills.A. either; orB. n

32、either; norC. not only; but also4. After years of war, the people in Syria are thirsty for _.A. priceB. noiseC. peaceD. course5. I could _ control my feelings at the moment. The movie reminds me of my childhood.A. reallyB. nearlyC. slowlyD. hardly6Could you please sweep the floor? _ Im busy babysitt

33、ing my sister.ASorry，you cantBYes，sureCYes，I canDSorry，I cant7The mobile phone has influenced peoples life a lot since it _.AinventsBinventedCis inventedDwas invented8A year has four seasons and it_twelve different star signsAdivided intoBis dividing intoCdividing intoDis divided into9Do you know _

34、in ancient China?I have no idea，but I know people once used tree bark (树皮) to make paper.Ahow paper was madeBhow was paper madeCwhat paper was made fromDwhat was paper made from10At first, the customers thought the potatoes werent _.Aenough thinBthin enoughCenough thickDsalt enough11My brother locke

35、d the door to _ somebody _ into our house.Astop；to getBstop；gettingCkeep；gettingDkeep；to get12The soup _ salty because Mom added much salt to it.AlookedBtastedCwas lookedDwas tasted13Jay Chou has a great influence on teenagers. They always _ him.Alook out ofBlook forClook forward toDlook up to14_ To

36、ny _ Frank is warm-hearted. Theyre popular with us all.ABoth；andBNot only；but alsoCNeither；norDEither；or15_ students are present today，and _ them is 200.AThe number of；a number ofBA number of；the number ofCThe number of；the number ofDA number of；a number of四、完型填空Today, roller skating(滑旱冰) is easy an

37、d fun. 16 a long time ago. It wasnt easy at all. Before 1970, the idea of skating didnt exist ( 存在). That changed because of a man 17 Joseph Merlin. Merlins work was making instruments. In his spare time he liked to play the violin. Joseph Merlin was a man of ideas and 18 . People called him a dream

38、er. One day Merlin received a(n) 19 to attend a party. He was very pleased and a little excited. As the day of the party came near, Merlin began to 20 how to make a special entrance at the party. Then he had an idea. He thought he would get a lot of 21 if he could skate into the room.Merlin tried di

39、fferent ways to make himself move, 22 he decided to put two wheels under each shoe. These were his first roller skates. Merlin was very 23 of his invention and dreamed of arriving at the party on wheels while playing the violin. 24 the night of the party Merlin skated into the room playing his violi

40、n. Everyone was surprised to see him. There was just one problem. Merlin had no way to stop his roller skates. He skated on and on. Suddenly, he ran into a huge mirror that was hanging on the wall. The mirror fell down, breaking into pieces. 25 forgot Merlins special entrance for a long time!16AAndB

41、ButCSoDOr17AnamedBgivenCguidedDpicked18AknowledgeBinformationCwealthDdreams19AintroductionBexcuseCinvitationDquestion20AthinkBworryCcelebrateDdoubt21AattentionBadviceCencouragementDpunishment22ASuddenlyBFinallyCRecentlyDLuckily23AnervousBafraidCtiredDproud24AAtBInCOnDFrom25AEverybodyBAnybodyCNobodyD

42、Somebody五、阅读单选ALook at this special handrail(扶手). One part of it is a seat. It is helpful for old people. They can sit on it and rest when theyre climbing stairs. A company in Shenzhen designed this handrail. What a good idea!Wearing a mask(口罩)is not a big problem for people with hearing problems, w

43、earing masks makes it hard for them to communicate with others. This new mask design is here to help. There is a window in it. People with hearing problems can read each others lips(嘴唇)and facial expressions.Can printers only print on paper? This small printer can print on almost anything. You can p

44、rint on clothes, cups and even on your skin! The printer uses a special kind of ink. If you dont like the pattern(图案), you can just wash it off. Once fully charged, the printer can work for six hours.Pepper is a human-like robot. Japanese company SoftBank invented it. It can talk with people through

45、 speech or body language. Because of this, Pepper can be a babysitter(保姆), nurse and emergency(急救)medical worker.In April, 2020, a supermarket in Germany started using Pepper to keep customers apart from each other. It can tell customers to keep their distance(距离)while shopping.26This handrail is he

46、lpful for _.Athe oldBthe richCthe youngDthe poor27This new mask makes it _ for people with hearing problems to communicate with others.AhardBeasyCcomfortableDexciting28You can _if you dont like the pattern.Aput it offBcut it ofCturn it offDwash it off29Germans started using Pepper to _ in a supermar

47、ket.Awork as nursesBlook after babiesCkeep customers apart from each otherDsave customers lives as soon as possible30We can probably find the passage in a _.Atravel guideBscience magazineChistory bookDgeography book The window _ _ _ Mom just now.六.阅读短文，从方框中选择恰当的词并用其适当形式填空，使短文完整、通顺。translate, Canada,

48、 pleasure, sudden, mention, somebodyDear Marcus,How are you in the UK? In your last e-mail you (1)_ Pam. You want to know something about this girl, yes? Of course I know a lot about her. Pam is a (2)_ girl. Shes smart. Her hobby is writing. Four years ago, she wrote a book. In 2015, it came out. It

49、 was popular with many people. And it was (3)_ into many different languages. Pam has become a successful and young writer. Pams hobby has brought her (4)_ and success. Many people love Pam and Im among of them. Im proud to know her. To be exact, I also want to be (5)_ like her. Oh, Marcus, somethin

50、g always happened all of a (6)_. My light went off. I must stop to have a look.Best wishes!Yours,Steve 参考答案Unit 5 What are the shirts made of?Section B一 完成句子1not only but also 2dream of becoming 3encourages to achieve their dreams 4even though 5divided into 二句型转换.1. werent made 2. Was reported 3. When were held4. was opened by三 单项选择ADCCD DDDAB BBDBB 四 完形填空 BADCA ABDCC五 阅读理解ABDCB 六短文填空.1. mentioned 2. Canadian 3. translated 4. pleasure 5. somebody6. sudden