Unit 6 单元话题阅读理解练习-2022-2023学年高二英语选择性必修第一册单元重难点易错题精练（外研版2019）.docx

1、Unit 6单元话题阅读理解专项练习(名校最新真题)（2022广西南宁三中高二期中）To solve the problem of tiny plastics polluting waterways, chemists in the Czech Republic are thinking small. Their brainchild is a new microrobot which is no bigger than the tip of a sharpened pencil. When sunlight hits them, they produce chemical reactions

2、 that push them through water in a specific direction. When they find a piece of plastic, they stick to it and start to break it down.Chemist Martin Pumera at the Czech University led the project. A decade ago, he chose to focus on the problem posed by microplastics. Theyre everywherefrom the bottom

3、 of the ocean to air blowing onto ice atop mountains. Theyve turned up in drinking water. Some studies estimate that billions of pieces of plastic end up in the worlds waters. The plastic has many sources, from shopping bags to washing and cleaning wipes.In lab experiments, the star-shaped swimmers

4、stuck onto each of four different types of plastic. And after a week exposed to light, the robots had reduced the weight of the plastics. It wasnt muchonly by percent. But that was an indication that they were breaking the plastic down. They also caused the surface of the plastic to change from smoo

5、th to rough. Thats another sign that the robots were degrading (分解) it. The new study is a proof of concept type. That means it shows something can be done successfully.In fact, Pumera says they still have a long way to go. There are many types of plastics. And even these microrobots are unlikely to

6、 succeed in degrading them all. The researchers also have not yet shown how safe this system is for the environment, although Pumera says thats their next goal. The first real-world test will be in a wastewater-treatment plant. “Indeed,” says one researcher. “Well need a lot of testing to show that

7、theyre safe in open waterways, such as at sea.”1What does the underlined word “brainchild” in paragraph 1 refer to?.AideaBhopeCprojectDroutine2What does the author focus on in Paragraph 2?AThe purpose of Pumeras project.BThe preciousness of drinking water.CThe seriousness of plastic pollution.DThe w

8、orking principle of the microrobots.3What shows the effectiveness of the microrobots in lab experiments?AThe weight loss of the plastics.BThe disappearance of the plastics.CThe shape change of the microrobots.DThe improvement in the quality of water.4Which of the following is a suitable title for th

9、e text?AWays to Obtain Cleaner Drinking WaterBMicrorobots Invented to Treat WastewaterCNew Hope for the Solution to Plastic PollutionDTechnology Widely Applied in Environment Protection（2022河南安阳市第二中学高二期中）Eastern barred bandicoots(加氏袋狸) once were a common sight in western Victoria and in south Austra

10、lia. But by the 1980s, just one population of between 150 and 200 bandicoots survived.In 1988, the Victoria state government formed a recovery team that brought together government agencies, Zoos Victoria, volunteer groups and other people. That year, scientists removed 40 bandicoots from this popul

11、ation to form a captive breeding(圈养繁殖) program. Soon after, eastern barred bandicoots disappeared from the wild in Victoria. The only remaining breeding population existed in small fences at Woodlands Historic Park. “Without the captive program, the species would be extinct.” scientists say.Breeding

12、 was one thing. Re-establishing wild populations was altogether more difficult. Six times captive-born bandicoots were set free into the wild. All six reintroductions failed when foxes killed the bandicoots. What changed everything was the reintroduction of bandicoots to Phillip Island in 2017 and F

13、rench Island in 2019. Fox-free French and Phillip islands offered just over 70 square miles of bandicoot habitat, and the bandicoots have already begun breeding and expanding(扩大) their range across these islands.After scientists had established populations on islands, researchers looked to expand th

14、eir efforts to open grasslands. In 2015, David Williams began training his Maremma dogs. The idea worked this way: Because bandicoots lived alone, the dogs would look after sheep in large open grasslands where bandicoots lived. As long as there were sheep in the bandicoots territory(领地), the dogs re

15、mained, and as long as the dogs were around, the foxes were far less likely to remain.Over the past two years, the recovery team has reintroduced 40 bandicoots into two places in western Victoria, with two to three Maremma dogs and hundreds of sheep at each site to keep them company. Scientists cant

16、 yet say whether the experiment is working. But some of the bandicoots have bred, and there are signs suggesting that foxes, if they pass through the area, hardly stay for long.5What is the main idea of paragraph 2?AThe 1988 captive breeding program saved the species.BEastern barred bandicoots becam

17、e extinct in the wild.CThe government played a role in protecting the species.DCombined efforts made a difference to the environment.6What led to the deaths of the reintroduced bandicoots?ALack of enough food.BLoss of habitats.CThreats from natural enemies.DLack of experience in the wild.7Why did Wi

18、lliam train the Maremma dogs?ATo take good care of his sheep.BTo make them rulers of the grassland.CTo make the grassland more lively.DTo protect bandicoots from foxes.8What can be inferred about the program in western Victoria?AIt has completely failed.BIts result remains to be seen.CIt turns out a

19、n immediate success.DIts process needs to be revised.（2022四川省绵阳南山中学高二阶段练习）Mans relation with animals is very old. They can be traced back to the beginning of civilization. Man is the best creation and measure of all things. However, his kinship with animals is well established. Darwin believed that

20、man has evolved from monkeys. Thus, they are our ancestors.The friendship between man and animals is more reliable and lasting. Mans friendship with man may not last long, but it is of permanent nature with the domesticated and pet animals. Domesticated creatures are never ungrateful. They will neve

21、r turn hostile. Thats why they have been so useful to mankind and live in perfect harmony with us.In western countries cats are very popular as pets, for they kill rats and other rodents and make a good constant company. Dogs are kept for protection and safety. They are matchless in faithfulness and

22、 loyalty. They help in hunting, in rearing sheep and in protecting properties. They also help in detecting and tracking thieves and criminals. They are trained for many other purposes as well, including being good guides and rescuing services.Horses are domesticated, for theyre well-known for their

23、speed, strength, faithfulness and an unerring road sense. They are dependable friends both in war and peace. Similarly, elephants have been great and reliable friends of mankind from immemorial times. An elephant is very intelligent, brave, faithful and hardworking animal. Being an intelligent anima

24、l, it never forgets both the acts of kindness and acts of wrongdoing.Donkeys, camels, yaks, bullocks are the beasts of burden. They serve us in a way that none can do. Similarly, the cow is raised for its milk, dung and hide. In western countries cow-meat is also eaten with relish(风味佐料). But in Indi

25、a cow is worshipped by the Hindu as mother and a symbol of holiness, care, affection and innocence. Monkeys are widely used in the discovery of medicines. Whenever a new medicine is discovered, it is first tried on them.Really, these animals are great and reliable friends of ours, without which life

26、 would have lost half of its charm and usefulness. We should always be kind to them.9Why the author mentions Darwin in paragraph one?ATo illustrate humans have evolved from monkeys.BTo suggest Darwin was a highly accomplished biologist.CTo imply the relation between man and animals is close.DTo show

27、 the human civilization has a long history.10Which of the following has the closest meaning to the underlined word “hostile” ?AHospitable.BGrateful.CAgreeable.DAggressive.11What can we know from the article?ADogs are domesticated simply to be pets for people.BElephants are so intelligent that they c

28、ant be domesticated.CHorses can find its way home because of their sound sense of direction.DCows are worshiped in India as well as in western countries.12Where cant we read this passage?AA science fictionBA textbookCA magazineDThe Internet（2022贵州省龙里中学高二阶段练习）Animals are natural resources that people

29、 have wasted all through our history.Animals have been killed for their fur and feathers, for food, for sport, and simply because they were in the way. Thousands of kinds of animals have disappeared from the earth forever. Hundreds more are on the danger list today. About 170 kinds in the United Sta

30、tes alone are considered in danger.Why should people care? Because we need animals. And because once they are gone, there will never be any more.Animals are more than beautiful or interesting or a source of food. Every animal has its place in the balance of nature. Destroying one kind of animal can

31、create many problems.For example, when farmers kill large numbers of hawks(鹰), the farmers stores of corn and grain will be destroyed by mice. Why? Because hawks eat mice. With no hawks to keep down their numbers, the mice multiplies quickly.Luckily, some people are working to help save the animals.

32、 Some groups raise money to let people know about the problem. And they try to get the governments to pass laws protecting animals in danger.Quite a few countries have passed laws. These laws forbid the killing of any animal or plant on the danger list. Slowly, the number of some animals in danger i

33、s growing.13What is the best title for the passage?ASave the AnimalsBUseful AnimalsCLaws for AnimalsDAnimals in Danger14Animals are important to us mainly because _.Athey give us a source of foodBthey are beautiful and lovelyCthey give us a lot of pleasureDthey keep the balance of nature15Which of t

34、he following is NOT true?APeople must not kill any animal or plant.BPeople care much about animals because we need them.CKilling all mice may cause some new problems.DOnce a certain kind of animal is gone forever, there will never be any more.16We can infer from the passage that _.Apeople have known

35、 the importance of animal protection for a long timeBthe number of hawks is on the decreaseCanimals play an important role in peoples lifeDmany countries passed laws forbidding the killing of any animal（2022辽宁高二阶段练习）At a farm off Narrow Lane near Lexington, Kentucky, US, old-fashioned houses look ov

36、er the little red barn(畜棚). The farm is mostly empty now. Jim Mahan and his family, who lived there for generations, have moved to a different plot of land in northern Fayette County. As land is sold, houses go up where there once were fields.But during the summer, the barn is filled with city kids

37、who have come to enjoy the farm. Theyre members of the Fayette County Livestock(FCL)Club, which showcases (展示) various skills. The barn is where they look after the animals. “A lot of Lexington kids dont know anything about farm life,” said Adria Meier, 17, who has looked after goats and sheep for t

38、hree years. “There is so much to learn.”The dozen or so children who take care of their goats and sheep at the little red barn must take a six-hour class before they get an animal. They pay for their own animals but get special club programs, such as one that provides vet (兽医) care.Mahan lets the gr

39、oup use the barn for free, and the kids spend up to three hours a day there during the summer. But as his land gets sold, he doesnt know whether the club can continue. What makes the FCL Club special is that most of the kids can walk out their doors and take care of their animals. Most are driven to

40、 the barn by their mothers, who usually hang around and chat as their kids feed and exercise the animals.There are valuable lessons learned along the way. For instance, dont cut wool off your goat when there is wind, and sheep are social animals and will cry loudly when separated. “Tending to animal

41、s helps teach us responsibility. Unlike learning to shoot an arrow, caring for an animal isnt something you can simply abandon,” said Carly Playforth, 16, from Lexington17What is the requirement for kids before they get animals?AHaving various skills.BPaying certain money.CAttending a class.DGetting

42、 special club programs.18What do we know about the club?AIt offers services unconditionally.BIt allows mothers to push kids.CIt lets mothers care for animals.DIt pays for the use of the barn.19Which word best describes Carly Playforths attitude to the experience?ACautious.BDoubtful.CSupportive.DNega

43、tive.20What is the text mainly about?AKids life on a sold farm.BValuable lessons learned on the farm.CA special club intended for Lexington kids.DA club activity of caring for farm animals.（2022江苏南京外国语学校高二阶段练习）Lots of humans cannot resist interpreting dogs faces in the terms defined by human languag

44、es. A puppy licking your cheek enthusiastically is giving a “kiss”. If dogs could speak like their owners, many humans want to know, what would their dogs have to say?Into the market for answers step Christina Hunger, author of the book How Stella Learned to Talk, and Alexis Devine, the owner of Bun

45、ny, a TikTok star with over 6.3m followers. After careful training, both Stella and Bunny can paw a series of buttons that make a recorded voice speak one of several dozen programmed words. Both Ms. Devine and Ms. Hunger claim that their dogs are using language.Human linguists tend to be skeptical o

46、f “talking” animals. To understand why, consider Noam Chomskys critical review of “Verbal Behavior” by BF. Skinner, a pioneer in behavioral psychology. Skinner described human language acquisition as he did other learned behaviors: the strengthening of a response after conditioning with a stimulus.

47、If saying “food” gets you food, youre more likely to say it.Skinner wrote that “if we are shown a prized work of art and shout Beautiful!, the speed and energy of the response will have an effect on the owner.” Mr. Chomsky noted that this reasoning might lead people “to cry out Beautiful in a loud v

48、oice, repeatedly and with no delay”. Real humans, by contrast, might in fact show appreciation through a long moment of silence, and then barely whispered praise.Ms. Hunger came up with her button system after working with children who were not developing language normally and has helped many youngs

49、ters express themselves better (often with tablet computers). But some dog experts dislike the practice of forcing word-based communication onto dogs. By focusing on a basic kind of language that seems human, it ignores dogs abilities to express themselves in their own ways.Dogs are fond of sniffing

50、 each other, who are using sensitive noses to exchange information, about age, health and other things. Dogs urinate frequently not, as once assumed, primarily to claim territory, but to leave similar information for others.Posture (姿势), too, conveys masses of information between dogs; eyes, ears an

51、d teeth contribute to a range of messages transmitted between them. Finally, their own vocalizations, though hardly of the words-and-syntax type that make up human language, are complicated.Scientists have yet to report on the “taking” abilities of dogs like Stella and Bunny. In the meantime, ordina

52、ry owners can have a go at training their dogs with the advice Ms. Hunger offers. Or they can try another approach: buy one of the many good books on understanding how dogs naturally communicate, and spend the time they might invest in programming buttons on getting to know their pets instead. Even

53、the best-trained dog is a poor conversationalist in human terms-but a brilliant one on their own.21Why does the author mention Stella and Bunny?ATo prove an assumption.BTo put forward a theory.CTo settle an argument.DTo present an attempt.22Which statement is TRUE according to the author?AChomsky fu

54、rther developed behavioral psychology.BDevines and Hungers practices agree with Skinners theory.CLanguage is acquired by strengthening a conditioned response.DAfter Hunger created her button system, she has helped children with language problems23According to the author, those who try to prove dogs

55、language ability _.Aignore dogs psychological needsBfail to accept what makes a dog a dogCsuggest a new way to get to know dogsDbelieve dogs have their own language system24What message does the author convey to dog owners?AA dog deserves more care and company.BTraining can help a dog learn human la

56、nguage.Cimproving their understanding of pets is crucial.DResearch on animal behavior still has a long way to go.（2022湖北孝感高二阶段练习）Mallory Haske surfs nearly every day in the summer, and it really annoys her to see trash(垃圾) in the water or on the beach. So when her high school English teacher assigne

57、d a passion project, Haske came up with a creative idea that connected surfing and trash. She collected litter on the beach and used it to create a surf board in an effort to raise awareness about ocean pollution. “The feeling of catching a wave is fantastic. Its such a men-tal release,” said Haske,

58、 standing on the beach waxing(上蜡) her newly finished trash board. “I really hope it floats.” Her teacher assigned the project months ago and was surprised to see how Haskes enthusiasm about it grew throughout the school year. “Not every student found her passion, but she did,” said the teacher. “Im

59、super proud of her.” Over the winter, Haske, who would graduate soon, collected litter including cigarette butts, bottle caps, fast-food containers and masks along the resort area beach. “It was definitely a unique challenge,” Haske said. She landed a sponsor and raised money from friends to create

60、the surf board, which cost about $1,000. Haske takes custom orders and helps people build their own surf boards. Making one out of trash was a first for her. Nearly the entire board is made from recycled material and litter.On Tuesday after school, Haske went out and attempted to ride a wave on her

61、new board, but the mostly flat conditions made it difficult. The nose of the surfboard made by herself kept going under the water, but Haske stayed upbeat. “Its pretty heavy up front, but its going to be my best friend,” Haske said after coming out of the water. “Its made for large waves.”25Why did

62、Haske make the surf board?ATo put trash to the best use.BTo take a surfing competition.CTo pursue her passion for surfing.DTo draw attention to ocean pollution.26Which of the following can best describe Haske?AProud and reliable.BResponsible and innovative.CTough and faithful.DImaginative and desper

63、ate.27How did Haske make the surfboard?AWith the help of environmentalists.BBy cooperating with her parents.CBy using the trash collected from the beach.DUnder the guidance of her teacher.28What does the underlined word “upbeat” in the last paragraph probably mean?APositive.BCautious.CPeaceful.DDisc

64、ouraged.（2019河南商城县教育体育局教学研究室高二期中）Each spring in the global north, brown bears appear from their dens(洞穴) with new babies. The babies came into the world tiny and weak. Their fathers are long gone; bear mothers must find a way to raise the kids while surviving themselves.Female bears generally spend

65、either 1.5 or 2.5 years with their young. But a new study of brown bears has found a surprising trend. “Theres about a 30 percent increase in females staying to care for their young for an extra year,” Fanie Pelletier says, an ecologist at Shebrooke University of Quebec. “Early on, in the 1980s, alm

66、ost all females stayed with their young for 1 year and a half.”The trend is tied with a hunting law that protects family groups from hunters. Its illegal to shoot mother or young bears when they are together. “For females, if she leaves her kids at one year and a half, then she becomes a target duri

67、ng the next hunting season,” explains Pelletier. “But if she spends more time with their babies, she is protected for an extra year.”The analysis used decades of data collected from tagged(标记的) brown bears in Sweden. But the finding may be also applicable outside the country, in any place where the

68、hunting polices that protect mother with young bears are carried out.The new findings are reminder to policymakers that hunting policies can have a long-term effect on the animals that survive. Past studies have found that fishing and hunting rules can have similar effects on other types of wildlife

69、. Fish mature at a smaller size and deer hunted for their big enough horns(角) eventually develop smaller horns.“We assume when the hunting period is closed, hunting does not affect animals anymore,” says Pelletier. “But even the ones that are still alive are affected by our policies.”29What trend di

70、d Pelletier find about brown bears?AThe number of baby bears is increasing.BBaby bears rely more on their mothers.CIts harder for bear mothers to raise their kids.DMore bear mothers stay with their young longer.30What is the effect of the new trend on hunting?ANew hunting policies will be made.BThe

71、hunting period will be shortened.CBears will not be the target for hunters.DHunters find fewer available bears to hunt.31Which of the following may affect mature fishs size?AFishers can only catch fish big enough.BOnly certain kinds of fish can be fished for.CThe closed season for fishing should be

72、longer.DWays for fishing should be changed completely.32Whats the main idea of the text?AMost animals are intelligent.BHunting policies should be practical.CAnimals can adapt to new hunting policies.DIts easy for animals to survive the environment.参考答案：1A2C3A4C【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了捷克科学家为了应对日渐严重的微塑料污染问题

73、发明的微型机器人。1词句猜测题。根据第一段第一句“To solve the problem of tiny plastics polluting waterways, chemists in the Czech Republic are thinking small. ”（为了解决微小塑料污染水道的问题，捷克共和国的化学家们正在从小处着眼。）根据划线词所在句“Their brainchild is a new microrobot which is no bigger than the tip of a sharpened pencil.”（他们的brainchild是一种新型的微型机器人，只

74、有削尖的铅笔尖大小。）由第一句可知，捷克共和国的化学家们正在想办法解决微小塑料污染水道的问题，划线词承接前文，所以划线词所在句指化学家们的解决问题的想法是用一种微型机器人，因此划线词的含义为“解决方法；想法”，故选A。2主旨大意题。根据文章第二段最后两句“Theyre everywherefrom the bottom of the ocean to air blowing onto ice atop mountains. Theyve turned up in drinking water. Some studies estimate that billions of pieces of p

75、lastic end up in the worlds waters. The plastic has many sources, from shopping bags to washing and cleaning wipes.（它们无处不在从海底到吹到山顶冰上的空气。它们已经出现在饮用水里了。一些研究估计，数十亿塑料最终进入世界水域。塑料有许多来源，从购物袋到洗涤和清洁湿巾）”可知，本段讲述微塑料分布广泛，甚至出现在饮用水当中。C项“塑料污染的严重性”符合题意。故选C项。3细节理解题。根据文章第三段第二句话“And after a week exposed to light, the ro

76、bots had reduced the weight of the plastics（并且在暴露于光线一周后，机器人减轻了塑料的重量。）”和第四句话“But that was an indication that they were breaking the plastic down.（但这表明它们正在分解塑料）”可知，塑料在暴露于光线后，其重量会减轻，说明光线正在分解塑料，使其重量损失。A项“塑料的重量损失”符合题意。故选A项。4主旨大意题。根据第一段“To tackle the problem of tiny plastics polluting waterways, chemists

77、in the Czech Republic are thinking small. Their brainchild is a new microrobot which is no bigger than the tip of a sharpened pencil. When sunlight hits them, they produce chemical reactions that push them through water in a specific direction. When they find a piece of plastic, they stick to it and

78、 start to break it down.”（为了解决微小塑料污染水道的问题，捷克共和国的化学家们从小事做起。 他们的创意是一个新的微型机器人，它还没有削尖的铅笔尖那么大。 当阳光照射到它们时，它们会产生化学反应，推动它们在水中朝特定的方向移动。 当它们发现一块塑料时，就会粘在上面，并开始分解它。）可知文章主要介绍了捷克科学家为了应对日渐严重的微塑料污染问题发明的微型机器人。C项“解决塑料污染的新希望”符合题意。故选C项。5A6C7D8B【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了科学家如何拯救濒临灭绝的加氏袋狸。5主旨大意题。根据第二段第一句“In 1988, the Victoria sta

79、te government formed a recovery team that brought together government agencies, Zoos Victoria, volunteer groups and other people.(1988年，维多利亚州政府成立了一个恢复小组，将政府机构、维多利亚动物园、志愿者团体和其他人聚集在一起)”以及最后一句“Without the captive program, the species would be extinct.” scientists say.(“如果没有圈养计划，这个物种就会灭绝。”科学家们说)”可知，第二段主

80、要说的是1988年的圈养繁殖计划挽救了该物种。故选A项。6推理判断题。根据第三段中“Six times captive-born bandicoots were set free into the wild. All six reintroductions failed when foxes killed the bandicoots.(被圈养的加氏袋狸6次被放归野外。六次重新放归野外都失败了，那时狐狸杀死了加氏袋狸)”可推知，来自天敌的威胁导致了重新引入的加氏袋狸的死亡。故选C项。7细节理解题。根据倒数第二段中“In 2015, David Williams began training h

81、is Maremma dogs. The idea worked this way: Because bandicoots lived alone, the dogs would look after sheep in large open grasslands where bandicoots lived. As long as there were sheep in the bandicoots territory, the dogs remained, and as long as the dogs were around, the foxes were far less likely

82、to remain.(2015年，大卫威廉姆斯开始训练他的Maremma狗。这个想法是这样的：因为加氏袋狸独自生活，狗就会在加氏袋狸居住的大草原上照看羊群。只要在加氏袋狸的地盘上有羊，狗就会留在那里，而只要狗在附近，狐狸就不太可能留在那里)”可知，威廉训练他的Maremma狗是为了保护加氏袋狸不受狐狸的伤害。故选D项。8推理判断题。根据最后一段中“Over the past two years, the recovery team has reintroduced 40 bandicoots into two places in western Victoria, with two to th

83、ree Maremma dogs and hundreds of sheep at each site to keep them company. Scientists cant yet say whether the experiment is working. But some of the bandicoots have bred, and there are signs suggesting that foxes, if they pass through the area, hardly stay for long.(在过去的两年里，搜救队在维多利亚州西部的两个地方重新引进了40只加

84、氏袋狸，每个地方都有两到三只Maremma犬和数百只羊陪伴它们。科学家们还不能确定这个实验是否有效。但有些加氏袋狸已经繁殖，有迹象表明，狐狸如果经过这一地区，几乎不会待太久)”可推知，维多利亚西部的项目，其结果还有待观察。故选B项。9C10D11C12A【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要说明了人与动物是关系紧密的朋友。并且例举了猫、狗、马、大象等动物对人类所做的贡献，他们是人类可靠的朋友。9推理判断题。根据第一段“Mans relation with animals is very old. They can be traced back to the beginning of civilizat

85、ion. Man is the best creation and measure of all things. However, his kinship with animals is well established. Darwin believed that man has evolved from monkeys. Thus, they are our ancestors.( 人与动物的关系由来已久。它们可以追溯到文明的开始。人是万物最好的创造者和量度者。然而，他与动物的亲缘关系是确定无疑的。达尔文认为人是从猴子进化而来的。因此，它们是我们的祖先。)”可知，这里是为了引用达尔文的话例证

86、人与动物关系亲密。故选C。10词句猜测题。根据第二段三四句“Domesticated creatures are never ungrateful. They will never turn hostile. Thats why they have been so useful to mankind and live in perfect harmony with us.（被驯化的动物从不忘恩负义。他们永远不会hostile。这就是为什么它们对人类如此有用，并与我们和谐相处的原因。）”可知，这里是说动物与人类关系友好，他们与人类永远不会敌对，与aggressive“好斗的，挑衅的”词义相近。故

87、选D。11推理判断题。根据第四段第一句“Horses are domesticated, for theyre well-known for their speed, strength, faithfulness and an unerring road sense. ”（马是家养的，因为它们以速度、力量、忠诚和准确的路感而闻名。）可知，马因为准确的路感而闻名，可推知，马可以找到回家的路，因为他们的方向感良好。故选C。12推理判断题。根据文章第二段第一句“The friendship between man and animals is more reliable and lasting. ”

88、（人与动物之间的友谊更可靠、更持久。）及最后一段“Really, these animals are great and reliable friends of ours, without which life would have lost half of its charm and usefulness.”（真的，这些动物是我们伟大而可靠的朋友，没有它们，生命就失去了一半的魅力和用处。）可知，文章主要讲述了人和动物之间是友谊是可靠的，所以文章很有可能来自网络、课本或者杂志，不可能是出自一本科幻小说上。故选A。13A14D15A16C【导语】本文是一篇关于动物保护的说明文。目前，世界范围内动

89、物的数量正在不断下降，保护动物刻不容缓。保护动物不仅是为动物，也是为我们人类自己的生存考虑。幸运的是，现在有的国家已经开始行动，例如成立保护组织或设立法律等对动物进行有效的保护。13主旨大意题。根据第二段“Animals have been killed for their fur and feathers, for food, for sport, and simply because they were in the way. Thousands of kinds of animals have disappeared from the earth forever. Hundreds mo

90、re are on the danger list today. About 170 kinds in the United States alone are considered in danger.”(人们杀死动物是为了获得它们的皮毛、食物、运动，或者仅仅因为它们碍事。成千上万种动物从地球上永远地消失了。今天还有数百种在濒危名单上。仅在美国就有约170种被认为处于濒危之中。)和第三段“Why should people care? Because we need animals. And because once they are gone, there will never be any

91、 more.”(为什么人们应该关心？因为我们需要动物。因为一旦他们离开了，就再也不会有了。)可知，文章提到的动物面临的生存现状、保护动物的必要性以及目前一些国家对野生动物采取的保护性措施等方面都体现了保护动物的主题，故文章标题应是“保护动物”。 故选A。14细节理解题。根据第四段“Animals are more than beautiful or interesting or a source of food. Every animal has its place in the balance of nature. Destroying one kind of animal can crea

92、te many problems.”(动物不仅仅是美丽、有趣或食物的来源。每种动物在自然界的平衡中都有自己的位置。消灭一种动物会造成许多问题。)可知，每一种动物的存在都是有道理的，都是为了维持自然界的平衡。故选D。15细节理解题。根据第三段“Because we need animals.”(因为我们需要动物。)可确定B项正确；根据第四段“Every animal has its place in the balance of nature.”(每种动物在自然界的平衡中都有自己的位置。)可确定C项正确；根据第二段“Thousands of kinds of animals have disap

93、peared from the earth forever.”(成千上万种动物已经从地球上永远消失了。)可确定D项正确。根据文章最后一段“These laws forbid the killing of any animal or plant on the danger list.”(这些法律禁止杀害危濒危名单上的任何动植物。)可知，人们被禁止杀害危险名单上的任何动植物，而不是不能杀害任何动植物，所以A项错误。故选A。16推理判断题。根据第四段“Animals are more than beautiful or interesting or a source of food. Every a

94、nimal has its place in the balance of nature. Destroying one kind of animal can create many problems.”(动物不仅仅是美丽、有趣或食物的来源。每种动物在自然界的平衡中都有自己的位置。消灭一种动物会造成许多问题。)可知，每一种动物的存在都是有道理的，动物在人们的生活中起着重要作用。故选C。17C18B19C20D【导语】本文是一篇新闻报道，主要讲述了一群城里的孩子来到乡间农场体验不同的生活照顾农场动物的故事。17细节理解题。根据第三段中的“The dozen or so children who

95、take care of their goats and sheep at the little red barn must take a six-hour class before they get an animal.(在这个红色的小谷仓里照看山羊和绵羊的十几个孩子必须上6个小时的课程，然后才能得到动物)”可知，孩子们在养动物之前要上课。故选C。18推理判断题。根据第四段中的“Most are driven to the barn by their mothers, who usually hang around and chat as their kids feed and exerci

96、se the animals.(大多数孩子是被他们的妈妈赶到畜棚的，她们通常在孩子喂养和锻炼动物的时候闲逛和聊天)”可知，该俱乐部让母亲们可以督促孩子。故选B。19推理判断题。根据最后一段的“There are valuable lessons learned along the way.(一路走来，我学到了很多宝贵的经验)”和“Tending to animals helps teach us responsibility. Unlike learning to shoot an arrow, caring for an animal isnt something you can simpl

97、y abandon(照顾动物可以教会我们有责任感。与学习射箭不同，照顾动物不是你可以轻易放弃的事情)”可知，卡莉普莱福斯觉得这种体验很好，因此对这种体验是支持的。故选C。20主旨大意题。通读全文，尤其是第二段的“But during the summer, the barn is filled with city kids who have come to enjoy the farm. Theyre members of the Fayette County Livestock (FCL) Club, which showcases (展示) various skills. The barn

98、 is where they look after the animals.(但在夏天，谷仓里挤满了来享受农场生活的城市孩子。他们是费耶特县牲畜俱乐部(FCL)的成员，该俱乐部展示了各种技能。谷仓是他们照看动物的地方)”和最后一段的“There are valuable lessons learned along the way.(一路走来，很多宝贵的经验被学到)”可知，本文重点介绍的是FCL俱乐部借助一个农场举办的活动让孩子们亲自照顾动物。在这一过程中，孩子们获益匪浅。故D项“照顾农场动物的俱乐部活动”概括最为全面。故选D。21D22B23B24C【导语】这是一篇说明文。很多人无法抗拒用人类

99、语言定义的术语来解读狗的面部表情，于是两只狗的主人尝试通过训练自己的狗Stella和Bunny来训练狗说话，作者对此并不认同，介绍了狗进行交流的一些方式并给狗主人提出建议。21推理判断题。根据第一段中“If dogs could speak like their owners, many humans want to know, what would their dogs have to say?(如果狗能像主人一样说话，许多人想知道，他们的狗会说什么？)”以及第二段中“Into the market for answers step Christina Hunger, author of t

100、he book How Stella Learned to Talk, and Alexis Devine, the owner of Bunny, a TikTok star with over 6.3m followers.(斯特拉如何学会说话一书的作者Christina Hunger和TikTok明星、拥有超过630万粉丝的Bunny的主人Alexis Devine进入这一领域寻求答案)”可推知，作者提到Stella和Bunny是为了展示他们一次关于了解狗的语言的尝试。故选D。22细节理解题。根据第二段中“After careful training, both Stella and B

101、unny can paw a series of buttons that make a recorded voice speak one of several dozen programmed words. Both Ms. Devine and Ms. Hunger claim that their dogs are using language.(经过精心训练，Stella和Bunny都可以用爪子抓住一系列按钮，让录制好的声音说出几十个编程单词中的一个。Devine和Hunger小姐都声称，他们的狗在使用语言)”以及第三段中“Skinner described human languag

102、e acquisition as he did other learned behaviours: the strengthening of a response after conditioning with a stimulus. If saying “food” gets you food, you re more likely to say it. (Skinner将人类语言习得描述为他所做的其他习得行为：在刺激条件反射后，强化反应。如果说“food”让你得到食物，你更有可能说出来)”可知，Devine和Hunger的实践与Skinner的理论一致。故选B。23推理判断题。根据第五段中

103、“But some dog experts dislike the practice of forcing word-based communication onto dogs. By focusing on a basic kind of language that seems human, it ignores dogs abilities to express themselves in their own ways.(但一些狗狗专家不喜欢强迫狗狗进行基于语言的交流。因为关注一种似乎是人类的基本语言，而忽略了狗狗以自己的方式表达自己的能力)”可推知，作者认为，试图证明狗的语言能力的人没有

104、接受狗的本质。故选B。24细节理解题。根据最后一段中“Or they can try another approach: buy one of the many good books on understanding how dogs naturally communicate, and spend the time they might invest in programming buttons on getting to know their pets instead. (或者他们也可以尝试另一种方法：买一本关于了解狗狗自然交流方式的好书，把他们可能花在编程按钮上的时间用于了解他们的宠物)

105、”可知，作者向狗主人传达的信息是提高他们对宠物的理解是至关重要的。故选C。25D26B27C28A【导语】本文是记叙文，讲述了Mallory Haske利用海边捡的垃圾来制作冲浪板，并借此提醒人们注意保护环境的故事。25细节理解题。根据第二段第一句“She collected litter on the beach and used it to create a surf board in an effort to raise awareness about ocean pollution.(她在海滩上收集垃圾，用它制作冲浪板，以提高人们对海洋污染的意识)”可知，Haske 制作冲浪板是为了提

106、高人们保护海洋的意识。故选D项。26推理判断题。通读全文，结合第一段中“Haske came up with a creative idea that connected surfing and trash(想出了一个创意，把冲浪和垃圾联系起来)”以及第二段第一句“She collected litter on the beach and used it to create a surf board in an effort to raise awareness about ocean pollution.(她在海滩上收集垃圾，用它制作冲浪板，以提高人们对海洋污染的意识)”可知，Haske是一

107、个有责任心并且有创意的人。故选B项。27细节理解题。根据第四段第一句“Over the winter, Haske, who would graduate soon, collected litter including cigarette butts, bottle caps, fast-food containers and masks along the resort area beach.(今年冬天，即将毕业的Haske在度假村的海滩上收集了包括烟头、瓶盖、快餐容器和口罩在内的垃圾)”和第五段最后一句“Nearly the entire board is made from recyc

108、led material and litter.(几乎整个板子都是由回收材料和垃圾制成的)”可知，Haske的冲浪板是由她在海边捡到的垃圾制作成的。故选C项。28词义猜测题。通过画线词的前半句“The nose of the surf board made by her-self kept going under the water(她自己做的冲浪板的前端一直在水下移动)”和转折词but以及下文“but its going to be my best friend(但是它将是我最好的朋友)”可知，虽然冲浪板不太好用，但Haske很乐观，upbeat意为“乐观的，积极的”。故选A项。29D30A

109、31A32B【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了人们的捕猎政策会给存活下来的动物带来一定的影响。29细节理解题。根据文章第二段的“Theres about a 30 percent increase in females staying to care for their young for an extra year(母熊多留一年照顾幼崽的数量增加了30%)”“Early on, in the 1980s, almost all females stayed with their young for 1 year and a half.(早期，在20世纪80年代，几乎所有的雌性都和她们的孩

110、子待了一年半)”可知，更多的母熊陪伴幼崽更长的时间。故选D项。30细节理解题。根据文章第四段“But the finding may be also applicable outside the country, in any place where the hunting polices that protect mother with young bears are carried out.(但这一发现可能也适用于国外，在任何执行保护母熊和幼熊的狩猎政策的地方)”可知，保护母熊和幼崽的政策随着新趋势的变化而实施，即新的狩猎政策将会出台。故选A项。31推理判断题。根据文章第五段“Past s

111、tudies have found that fishing and hunting rules can have similar effects on other types of wildlife. Fish mature at a smaller size and deer hunted for their big enough horns(角) eventually develop smaller horns.(过去的研究发现，捕鱼和狩猎规则也会对其他类型的野生动物产生类似的影响。成熟的鱼体型较小，鹿因其足够大的角而被猎杀，最终会发展出更小的角)”可推知，渔民只能捕足够大的鱼，这会影响

112、可能影响成年鱼的大小。故选A项。32主旨大意题。分析全文内容可知，文章从母熊照顾小熊的时间变长从而使得捕猎政策发生变化的事件讲起，从而引出了人们的捕猎政策会给存活下来的动物带来一定影响的结论。再根据文章倒数第二段的“The new findings are reminder to policymakers that hunting policies can have a long-term effect on the animals that survive. Past studies have found that fishing and hunting rules can have similar effects on other types of wildlife. (这项新发现提醒决策者，狩猎政策可能会对存活下来的动物产生长期影响)”和最后一段的“But even the ones that are still alive are affected by our policies.(但即使是那些还活下来的动物也会受到我们政策的影响)”可知，文章通过母熊照顾小熊更长的时间从而导致捕猎政策变化引入，介绍捕猎政策会给存活下来的动物带来一定的影响来，以此说明人们的捕猎政策应该是符合实际。故选B项。