Unit4 基础达标训练-2021-2022学年高一英语人教版（2019）必修第一册.docx

1、 基础达标训练（一）.课文单词默写。1._ /dz:st(r)/ n. 灾难；灾害2._ /t:ned / n. (pl. -oes or -os) 龙卷风；旋风3._ /drat/ n. 旱灾；久旱4._ /lndslad/ n. ( landfall) (山地或悬崖的)崩塌；滑坡5._ /slad/ vi. & vt. (使)滑行；滑动6._ /tsu:n:mi/ n. 海啸7._ /fld/ n. 洪水；大量 vi.淹没；大量涌入 vt.使灌满水；淹没8._ /vlknk rpn/ 火山喷发9._ /mgntju:d/ n. (地)震级；重大10._ /reskju:/ n.& vt.营

2、救；救援11._ /dmd/ vt. 损害；破坏 n.损坏；损失12._ /dstr/ vt. 摧毁 ；毁灭13._ /vkjuet/ vt. 疏散；撤出 vi.撤离14._ /helkpt(r)/ n. 直升机15._ /de/ n. 死；死亡16._ /fekt/ vt. 影响；(疾病)侵袭；深深打动17._ /elt(r)/ n. 避难处；居所；庇护 vt.保护；掩蔽 vi. 躲避 (风、雨或危险)18._ /krk/ n. 裂纹；裂缝 vi. & vt. (使)破裂19._ 似乎；好像；仿佛20._ /ru:n/ n.&vt. 破坏；毁坏21._ 严重受损；破败不堪22._ /psen

3、t/ n.百分之 adj.&adv.每一百种 23._ /brk/ n.砖；砖块24._ /metl/ n. 金属25._ /k/ n. 震惊；令人震惊的事；休克 vt.(使)震惊26._ 震惊；吃惊27._ /lektrsti/ n. 电；电能28._ /trp/ vt. 使落入险境；使陷入圈套 n. 险境；陷阱29._ /beri/ vt. 埋葬；安葬30._ / bri:/ vi.& vt.呼吸31._ /rvav/ vt.& vi.复活；(使)苏醒 32._ /rvavl/ n. 振兴；复苏33._ /eft/ n. 努力；艰难的尝试；尽力34._ /ju:nfa/ vi.& vt.

4、统一；(使)成一体35._ /wzdm/ n. 智慧；才智36._ /kntekst/ n. 上下文；语境；背景37._ /sf/ vt. 遭受；蒙受 vi. (因疾病、痛苦、悲伤等)受苦38._ /vlken/ n. (pl. -oes or -os)火山39._ /rpt/ vi.& vt. (火山)爆发；(岩浆、烟等)喷出40._ /spla/ n. 供应(量)；补给；pl. 补给品 vt. 供应；供给41._ /tafu:n/ n. 台风42._ 露天；在户外43._ /hrkn/ n. (尤指大西洋的)飓风44._ /svav/ vi.生存；存活 vt. 幸存；艰难度过45._ /p

5、a(r)/ n.电力供应；力量；控制力46._ /tp/ vi.& vt. 轻叩；轻敲；轻拍 n.水龙头；轻叩；轻敲47._ /pap/ n.管子；管道48._ /wsl/ vi.吹口哨；发出笛声 vt. 吹口哨 n. 哨子(声)；呼啸声49._ /im:dnsi/ n. 突发事件；紧急情况50._ /k:m/ adj. 镇静的；沉着的 vt.使平静；使镇静51._ /ed/ n.援助；帮助；救援物资 vi.& vt. (formal) 帮助；援助52._ /kt/ n.成套工具；成套设备53._ 急救箱54._ 现有(尤指帮助)55._ /kr/ vt.& vi.碰撞；撞击 n.撞车；碰撞5

6、6._ /swi:p/ vt. & vi. ( swept, swept) 打扫；清扫57._ 消灭；彻底消除58._ /wev/ n. 海浪；波浪 vi.& vt.挥手；招手59._ /strak/ vi.& vt. (struck, struck/stricken) 侵袭；突击；击打 n. 罢工；罢课；袭击60._ /dlv(r)/ vt. & vi.递送；传达 vt.发表61._ /smri/ n. 总结；概括；概要62._ /fekt/ n.影响；结果；效果63._ /le/ n. 长；长度.词性转换1. disaster-_ (n-adj)灾难-灾难的2.volcano-_(n-ad

7、j)火山-火山的，猛烈的3.destroy-_(v-n) 破坏，毁灭4.die-_-_-_-_ ( v-n-adj-adj-adj.) 死-死的-致命的-垂死的 5.affect-_ (v-n) 影响 6.shock-_-_(v/n-adj-adj) 震惊-令人震惊的-感到震惊的 7.electric-_(adj-n)用电的-电 8.trap-_ (v/n-过去式) 使陷入险境,陷阱 9.bury-_-burial(v-adj-n)埋葬-埋葬的-葬礼 10._-breathe-_-breathlessly (n-v-adj)呼吸-呼吸-气喘吁吁的-气喘吁吁地 11.revive-_ (v-n)

8、 复活 12.wise-wisely-_ (adj-n) 明智的-明智地-智慧 13.suffer-_ -_ (v-n(人)-n)遭受-受难者-痛苦 14.erupt-_ (v-n) 爆发 15.survive-_ -_ (v-n(人)-n) 幸存-幸存者-生存 16.power-_ (n-adj) 权力-力量-有权力的，有力量的 17.emerge-_ -_ (v-adj-n) 出现，暴露-紧急的，浮现的-紧急情况 18.sweep-_ (v-n(人)打扫-清洁工 19. long-_ -_ (adj-n-v)长的-长度-加长 .短语默写1. _火山喷发 2. _似乎；好像；仿佛 3. _严

9、重受损；破败不堪 4. _震惊；吃惊 5. _露天；在户外 6. _急救箱7. _现有(尤指帮助) 8. _消灭；彻底消除 9. _像往常一样 10. _结束 基础达标训练（二）.根据中文提示填写单词1.Thousands of people offered help to the people in the (淹没的) area. 2.Whenever a natural (灾难) occurs, our army are always ready to protect peoples lives. 3.The King managed to (使统一) the warring partie

10、s through great efforts. 4.When I see lots of grass growing from the c of the rock, Im amazed at the power of life. 5.The little fell into an icy river and was fortunately r by some local villagers. 6.All the children all ran to seek s from the rain. 7.You can guess the meaning of the word according

11、 to the (语境) . 8.Always lowering your head to check your cell phone could d your neck. 9.The city has developed rapidly because of the (努力) made by the government and the citizens. 10.It was a real (令人震惊的事) to hear that a terrible flood happened again in Guangdong Province.选词填空on hand, in the open a

12、ir, put up, sweep away, carry out,stay calm, stand at, stay away from1. Many families have been left homeless after their houses by flood. 2. Scientific research on how to improve the traffic jam. 3. Youd better people who are rude. 4. The volunteers are always to help when you go on a trip. 5. It i

13、s said that the number of the deaths caused by the wildfire 36. 6. A monument has been in the centre of the square in memory of those heroes. 7. You must when you find yourself in danger. 8. It was so hot in the room that they decided to have their supper . .单句语法填空1. Thousands got _(trap) in the min

14、e.2. I suggest _(think) carefully before making a decision.3. He stood there with a _(frighten) look. Everything was in _(ruin) and it seemed as if the world was at an end. A great many houses were _(destroy) in the earthquakes and many people became homeless.4. His hard words caused her much _(suff

15、er).5. Most teenagers go _ a period of rebelling. 6. A team of volunteers were putting _ shelters for the victims(受害者).7. Many people were _ when they heard the _ news. (shock)8. When I came in, all the students were _(bury) in reading English.9. Constant exposure to radium will cause _(injure) to t

16、he body.9. You should have your own _(judge) on people around you.11. The _(revive) of the country depends on our young generation.12. I like getting up very early in summer. The morning air is so good _(breathe).13. She is suffering _ the loss of her son and doesnt know what she will go through wit

17、hout him.14. As is mentioned above, _ number of the students in senior high schools is increasing.15. Eating junk food will have an _(affect) on your health.16. Some fish can grow to a _(long) of four feet.17. The rescue tame and volunteers are still searching for _(survive). 18. Do shut off the gas

18、 and _(electric) in your house before going on holiday. 19. People admire the general for his bravery and _(wise). 20. _ suddenly struck me that the bag had been given to my mother.完成句子1. 我的朋友尽他所能地帮助我学习物理。 (as.as.) My friend . 2. 那个老板忙得没空接电话。 (too.to.) That boss was . 3. 我不知道他为什么一直看着我,好像认识我似的。事实上我之前

19、从未见过他。 (as if) I dont know why he is looking at me . In fact Ive never seen him before. 4. 每到一个地方,她就给自己照张相。 (everywhere) , she takes a photo of himself. 5. 读一些有意义的书并进行一些体育锻炼对你来说是一个不错的建议。 (It is +n.+for sb.to do sth.) some meaningful books and take some physical exercise. V.语法填空Strange things appeare

20、d before the Tangshan earthquake 1_(happen). For several days, the water in the village Wells became 2_(high) and even lower. The well walls had deep cracks 3_ them. A smelly gas came out of the cracks. Some animals including fish and mice behaved strangely. Other strange things also happened in the

21、 city, 4_ people thought little of these events and they slept as usual. 5_(final) a terrible earthquake hit the city of Tangshan on July 28,1976, 6_ more than 400,000 people died or 7_(injure). Many houses fell down and filled the wells instead of water. People were 8_(great) shocked. Food, water a

22、nd electricity in the city were hard 9_(get) and people began to wonder how long the disaster would last. The whole city 10_(destroy) and the world seemed 11_(be) at an end. It was one of the 12_(big) earthquake of the 20th century, 13_ even Beijing could feel.However, the people of Tangshan didnt g

23、ive up 14_(they), and 150,000 soldiers 15_(send) to help the rescue workers. The soldiers tried their best to dig out those who 16_(trap). Workers built shelters for the 17_(survive). Food and water 18_(take) to the city by every means. Slowly, the city began to come back to life.基础达标训练（三）.单句语法填空。1.

24、Some rescue workers risked their lives saving two tourists (trap) in the mountains. 2.It is a pity that the 500-year-old wooden tower (destroy) in the fire last year. 3.On seeing the damage he had done his neighbors house, the child felt ashamed. 4.I love reading and I often have my head buried a bo

25、ok in my spare time. 5.I was taking an online class in my study I heard a loud noise in the backyard. 6.We must take (effect) measures to protect the environment there from going worse. 7.When drawing up the plan, they went to the library to refer many books. 8.Twenty-six people rescued the big fire

26、 were immediately sent to a nearby hospital. 9.Many tents have been put up to provide temporary housing the people in the disaster-hit area. 10. It costs nothing three dollars for her to buy this notebook. 11.A terrible flood happened in the village last week, (kill) more than 20 people. 12. (strike

27、) by the beauty of Mount Tai, we decided to stay another day. 13. We chose to buy the house window faces south. 14. Youll find taxis waiting at the station you can hire to reach your host family. 15. Id like to express my appreciation for the people to I have turned. 16. The research found that peop

28、le keep fit are more likely to have better memories and clearer thinking. 17. Working in the company is the very chance you can grasp during the summer holiday. 18. A study shows the students who are engaged in after-school activities are happier than those _ are not. .完成句子。1.洪水冲毁了许多桥梁。Many Bridges_

29、 _ _ by the floods.2.我帮他在卧室里装了几个搁架。I helped him _ _ some shelves in his bedroom. 3.这些翻译是在一本医学词典的帮助下完成的。The translations _ _ _ with the assistance of a medical dictionary. 4.有那么一会儿，我们谁也没动，仍然处于震惊之中。For a moment, neither of us moved, we were still _ _ . 5.你是时候远离电子设备了。It is the time you_ _ _ electronic

30、devices.6.随时都有急诊服务，并提供医疗咨询。The emergency services_ _ _ with medical advice. 7.马路临海一侧的房屋全都成了废墟。The houses on the seaward side of the road were all _ _ . 8.红利文化必须被终止，并且就在匹兹堡终止。The bonus culture _ _ _ _ _ and it must come to an end in Pittsburgh.9.他表现得若无其事。He behaved _ _ nothing had happened. 10今天他像往常一

31、样穿着一套三件套西装。Today,_ _ , he was wearing a three-piece suit.语法填空For people _1_ love the sun, summer is a time of fun. But for people _2_ families were destroyed by the super typhoon _3_ hit East China in July 2016; that summer was a time of great sadness. The floods and landslides caused by the typhoon

32、 killed 161 people; left 61 missing and forced the evacuation of hundreds of thousands of people. The victims to _4_ the typhoon brought death or great loss were in several provinces along the Yangtze River. In the months _5_ have passed since then, much has been done to make things better and help

33、the thousands of people _6_ homes were destroyed.选词填空make it，work out，cut.out，make a difference，come to an end，get up on ones feet，do damage to，be buried in，with the aid of，calm down1.Hannah is one of many examples of young people who are _ in the world.2.I just _ to the airport before the plane lef

34、t.3.He_ the picture _ from the newspaper.4.Im just trying to _ t how much I spend each month.5.I placed the chick in the nest and it quickly _ .6.The old man started to learn Chinese _ an English-Chinese dictionary.7.The problem is clear：man has _ his home over the years.8.After fighting against the

35、 disease for many years，she began to _ .9.How time flies！The summer vacation will _ .10.As he _ reading a book，he didnt notice that his wife had left.阅读理解AWhat if there was a fire where you live？Would you know what to do？Its a good idea for families to talk about what they would do to escape from a

36、fire.Depending on where you live，there may be different escape plans，so lets start there.Know Your Way OutAn escape plan can help every member of a family get out of a burning house.The idea is to get outside quickly and safely.Smoke from a fire can make it hard to see where things are，so its import

37、ant to learn and remember the different ways out of your home.How many exits are there？How do you get to them from your room？Its a good idea to have your family draw a map of the escape plan.Its possible that one way out could be blocked by fire or smoke，so you had better know where other ones are.S

38、afety StepsIf youre in a room with the door closed when the fire breaks out，you need to take a few extra steps：Check to see if theres heat or smoke coming in the cracks around the door.If you see smoke coming under the door，dont open the door!If you dont see smoke，touch the door.If the door is hot o

39、r very warm，dont open it!If the door feels cool，and you cant see any smoke around the door，you can open the door very carefully and slowly.If theres still no smoke or heat when you open the door，go toward your escape route exit.1.Why is it necessary to learn and remember different ways out of your h

40、ome?A.There is only one way out in most homes.B.Maps may be hard to find in case of fire.C.It is difficult to see things in heavy smoke.D.Fire breaks out very often in some neighborhoods.2.What is the next step if you dont see smoke coming under the door of your room?A.Go towards the exit.B.Keep coo

41、l and wait.C.Feel the temperature of the door.D.Open the door carefully and slowly.3.What is the best title of the passage?A.The Dangers of FireB.How to Prevent a Fire?C.Family Escape PlansD.What to Do in a Fire?BWe all love chocolate，and most of us probably eat it every day，or at least several time

42、s a week.It is one of the most favourite kinds of food in the world，and many would say that they could not live without it.However，there are many facts about the world of chocolate that most people do not know.Have you ever wondered where your chocolate comes from? Most of it comes from the labor of

43、 children.It is said that in Africa alone，there are about 70 million children working on chocolate farms.They lead a very hard life，and many live only on bananas and corn paste (糨糊).One child who was interviewed said that he was tricked into believing he would be earning money to help his family.But

44、 the truth is that he is treated like an animal.The child has never even had the chance to taste the chocolate he spends his life producing.The history of chocolate pretty much begins with the Mayans(玛雅人).Cacao(可可) beans were so valuable to Mayans that they were used as money.It is said that ten bea

45、ns could buy a rabbit，and one hundred beans were enough to buy a slave(奴隶).People would buy everything from food to tools with the beans.Generally，only the richer people drank chocolate regularly，because drinking your money is expensive.4.What do the African children who work on chocolate farms eat

46、every day?A.Bananas and chocolate.B.Bananas and corn paste.C.Cacao beans and corn paste.D.Chocolate and cacao beans.5.Which of the following statements is TRUE according to the second paragraph?A.Most of the chocolate comes from the labor of slaves.B.In Africa，children working on chocolate farms lea

47、d a comfortable life.C.The child who was interviewed was treated badly.D.The child who was interviewed has ever tasted the chocolate he produced.6.What did Mayans use to buy things that they needed?A.Chocolate. B.Animals.C.Cacao beans. D.Coins.7.What is this text mainly about?A.Chocolate plays an im

48、portant role in peoples lives.B.African children are producing chocolate in bad conditions.C.Why only the rich can drink chocolate regularly.D.Two unknown facts about chocolate.VI.七选五Life is filled with regrets.Anyone around you will have no difficulty in telling his regrets.As we get older，we look

49、back and wish that we have made better choices.1._Make better plans.If you start to do something，you need to make a plan before doing it.The earlier，the better.You will know what comes first and what comes last.2._ If changes happen，you can have more time to deal with them.Live a more active life.Yo

50、u can go around more often.More outdoor activities can keep you relaxed and active.3._ “Thank you” can bring a smile to someones face.Learn to say “sorry” and dont be angry with others.4._A friend may make your life and he or she can break your life as well.So you have to think twice when you choose

51、 a friend.Good friends will always give you better ideas.When you get into trouble，ask others for help.That little help may get you good results.Never fear failure.Everybody fails.Even the greatest person fails before he or she achieves success.We should not fear failure，because failure is not the e

52、nd of the road.5._ Life is good.We dont have to live in our past，but we do hope that we can plan better，live better and work better when we have the chance to do so.A.You also need to be kind.B.We must take failure as a chance to learn and improve ourselves.C.What can we do to avoid future regrets?D

53、.Regrets play an important part in our daily life.E.Youll also know what you should do and what you shouldnt do.F.Ask others for help.G.Find the right friend.Unit 4基础达标训练（一）参考答案题号答案I自行翻书检查II1.disaster-disastrous (n-adj)灾难-灾难的2.volcano-volcanic(n-adj)火山-火山的，猛烈的3.destroy-destruction(v-n) 破坏，毁灭4.die-de

54、ath-dead-deadly-dying ( v-n-adj-adj-adj.) 死-死-死的-致命的 5.affect-effect (v-n) 影响 6.shock-shocking-shocked(v/n-adj-adj) 震惊-令人震惊的-感到震惊的 7.electric-electricity(adj-n)用电的-电 8.trap-trapped (v/n-过去式) 使陷入险境,陷阱 9.bury-buried-burial(v-adj-n)埋葬-埋葬的-葬礼 10.breath-breathe-breathless-breathlessly (n-v-adj)呼吸-呼吸-气喘吁吁

55、的-气喘吁吁地 11.revive-revival (v-n) 复活 12.wise-wisely-wisdom (adj-n) 明智的-明智地-智慧 13.suffer-sufferer-suffering (v-n(人)-n)遭受-受难者-痛苦 14.erupt-eruption (v-n) 爆发 15.survive-survivor-survival(v-n(人)-n) 幸存-幸存者-生存 16.power-powerful (n-adj) 权力-力量-有权力的，有力量的 17.emerge-emergent-emergency(v-adj-n) 出现，暴露-紧急的，浮现的-紧急情况

56、18.sweep-sweeper (v-n(人)打扫-清洁工 19. long-length-lengthen (adj-n-v)长的-长度-加长 III1. volcanic eruption火山喷发 2. as if似乎；好像；仿佛 3. in ruins严重受损；破败不堪 4. in shock震惊；吃惊 5. in the open air露天；在户外 6. first aid kit急救箱7. on hand现有(尤指帮助) 8. sweep away消灭；彻底消除 9. as usual像往常一样 10. come to an end结束 基础达标训练（二）参考答案I1. drow

57、ned 2. disaster 3. unify 4. crack 5. rescued 6. shelter 7. context 8. damage 9. efforts 10. shock II1. were swept away 2. has been carried out 3. stay away from 4. on hand 5. stands at 6. put up 7. stay calm 8. in the open air III1. trapped 2. thinking 3. frightened; ruins; destroyed 4. suffering 5.

58、 through6. up 7. shocked; shocking 8. buried 9. injury 10. judgement11. revival 12. to breathe 13. from 14. the 15. effect 16. length 17. survivors 18. electricity 19. wisdom 20. It 1. helps me with my physics as much as he can2. too busy to answer the telephone3. as if he knew me4. Everywhere she g

59、oes5. It is a good suggestion for you to readV1. happened 2. higher 3. in 4. but 5. Finally 6. where 7. were injured 8. greatly 9. to get 10. was destroyed 11. to be 12. biggest 13. which 14. themselves 15. were sent 16. were trapped 17. survivors 18. were sent基础达标训练（三）参考答案I1. trapped 2. were destro

60、yed 3. to 4. in 5. when 6. effective 7. to 8. from 9. for 10. but 11. killing 12. Struck 13. whose14. that/which15. whom16. who/that17. that 18. whoII1. were swept away 2. put up3. were carried out4. in shock5. stay away from 6. were on hand7. in ruins8. must come to an end9. as if10. as usualIII1. who/that 2. whose 3. which/that 4. whom 5. which/that 6. whose 1. makingadifference2. madeit3. cut out4. workout5. calmeddown6. withtheaidof7. donedamageto8. getuponherfeet9. cometoanend10. wasburiedinVA:CCDB:BCCDVICEAGB