Units1-2语法一般现在时讲解 练习2022-2023学年牛津译林版英语七年级上册.docx

1、7AUs1-2Grammar-一般现在时(be动词和行为动词的一般现在时)“时态”表示一个动词在不同的时间内发生的动作或存在的状态，需要用不同的动词形式表示。在英语语法中，“时”指动作发生的时间，“态”指动作的样子和状态。下面来介绍一般现在时的用法。一、概念：1、表示现在习惯或经常反复发生的动作。常与always, usually, often, sometimes, every day (week, month)等连用。 He plays football twice a week.他每周踢两次足球。 I sometimes go to work on foot.我有时步行去上班。2、表示现

2、在的事实或状态。 Its cold today.今天很冷。 You look tired now.你现在看起来很疲乏。3、表示主语所具有的特征、性格和能力等。 She is a famous singer.她是个著名的歌唱家。 Tom likes swimming. 汤姆喜欢游泳。4、表示客观事实或普遍真理或格言或警句中。 Its far from the earth to the sun.地球与太阳间的距离很远。 Five and three makes eight.五加三得八。Pridegoesbeforeafall.骄者必败。5、表示已预先安排或计划好将来确定会发生的动作。如列车时刻表、

3、课程表、日历等。但主要用于go, come, leave, start, return, arrive等瞬间动词。 The train from London arrives at 7:00.从伦敦来的火车7:00到站。 He leaves on business the day after tomorrow.他后天出差。 6、在时间及条件状语从句中表示将来的动作。 Ill call you as soon as I get there.我一到那里就打电话给你。 Ill come if he invites me.如果他邀请我，我就来。7、在以here, there开头的句子里，表示正在发生的

4、动作。 Here comes the bus! 汽车来了！ There goes the bell! 铃响了！注意：当主语是代词时，代词必须放在动词之前。如：There he comes! 他来了！8、某些表示心理状态和感觉的动词，如feel, love, hope, want, understand等表示现在发生的具体行为。I feel pain in my head.我头疼。I dont understand what you mean.我不理解你的意思。注意：此时只用一般现在时而不用现在进行时。二、 时间状语：always, usually, often, sometimes, ever

5、y +段时间(week, day, year), once a week, on Sundays, etc.三、基本结构：一、）动词为“be”时，一般现在时的用法。、构成：、肯定句：主语+be动词+- (be+名词/形容词/介词短语) ；注意：am, is ,are 后不再有其它行为动词。v be 后+名词 I am an English teacher.v be 后+形容词 Sandy is very tall and slim.v be 后+介词短语 We are in Class One, Grade Seven.、否定句：主语+ am/ is /are + not +其它成分。、一般疑

6、问句：Am/ Is/ Are +主语+其它成分？回答： Yes, 主语+be(am/is/are). No, 主语+be(am/is/are)+not. I am not an English teacher.Sandy is not (= isnt) very tall or slim. 【肯定句中用and否定句中要改为or】We are not (=arent) in Class One, Grade Seven.Are you an English teacher ? Yes, I am. （在一般疑问句的肯定回答中不能用缩写形式）Is Sandy very tall and slim?

7、 No, she isnt.Are you in Class One, Grade Seven? No, we arent.缩写形式小结：Im = I am youre/were/theyre = you/ we/ they are hes/shes/ its = he/ she/ it is isnt = is not arent = are notbe 动词用法歌诀：我用am，你用are，is 连接他，她，它。 单数名词用is，复数名词全用are。 变疑问，be提前，句末问号莫丢弃。 变否定，更容易，be 后not 莫忘记。 疑问否定任你变，句首大写莫迟疑。、特殊疑问句（对划线部分提问）：

8、v I am fine. How are you?v He is a teacher. What is he?v My glasses are on the table. Where are your glasses?v Helen is my best friend. Who is your best friend?、祈使句: Be happy. Be a good boy. Be quick.v Dont be late for school again. Dont be sad. Dont be excited. Lets be good friends.、Here/there +be+

9、名词； Here/there +代词+be(注意：当主语是代词时，代词必须放在动词之前。)Here _is_ a present for you. Here _are_ some flowers for Pingping. Here _are_ your shoes. They are new. Where is my racket? Here it _is_. Where are my trousers? Here they _are_. There Jack _is_.、用be动词的适当形式填空:1._ Daniel and Simon in Grade 8? No, they _. Th

10、ey _ in Grade 7.2.There _ a wonderful basketball match on TV every day. A lot of people _ basketball fans.3.Here _ your tennis rackets. They _ new.4.Millie _ in the school basketball team. She is in the Reading Club. She thinks reading _ fun.5._ you in the same class? No, we _. But we _ in the same

11、grade.6. Lets _ good friends.7.This pair of trainers _ for Nick. The trainers _ white.8. Millie _ good at maths. 9.Maths _ an interesting lesson.10. Where are my trainers? Here they _.二、）行为动词一般现在时的用法：、构成、肯定句：1.当主语是第一人称（I ,we）、第二人称(you)和第三人称复数(they, many students)时， 行为动词用原形。 主语+动词原形+其他- （S + do+-）I l

12、ike English. We often play football after school. They often swim in the swimming pool.2.当主语是第三人称单数(he, she, it, my son, Tom)时行为动词使用其第三人称单数形式。主语三单+动词三单形式+其他- （S + does+-）He likes English.Tom often plays football after school.Amy often swims in the swimming pool.、否定句：1. 主语+dont+动词原形+其他- （S + dont + d

13、o+-）I dont like English.We dont often play football after school.They dont often swim in the swimming pool.2.主语三单+does not (=doesnt)+ 动词原形+其他- （S + doesnt + do+-）He doesnt like English.Tom doesnt often play football after schoolAmy doesnt often swim in the swimming pool.、一般疑问句：1.Do +主语+动词原形+其它成分？回答：

14、 Yes, 主语+do. No, 主语+do + not. Do you like English?Do you often play football after school? Do they often swim in the swimming pool?2. Does +主语+动词原形+其它成分？回答： Yes, 主语+does. No, 主语+does + not. Does he like English? Yes, he does.Does Tom often play football after school? No, he doesnt.Does Amy often swi

15、m in the swimming pool? Yes, she does.缩写形式小结：do not=dont does not= doesnt哪些词是第三人称单数（简称“三单”）1、人称代词he, she, it做主语是第三人称单数。 He likes watching TV. 2、单个人名、地名或称呼做主语是第三人称单数。 Han Mei looks like her mother.3、this / that 做主语是第三人称单数。This is my pen pal . 4、不可数名词做主语可以看作是第三人称单数。The milk is in the glass. 5、单数可数名词或“

16、this/that/the+可数名词单数”作主语，看作是第三人称单数。A horse is a useful animal. 6、不定代词someone, somebody, nobody, everything, something做主语可以看作是第三人称单数。Everyone is here. 7、当数字或字母作主语时，看作第三人称单数。“6” is a lucky number. “6”是个吉利数字。 “A” is a letter . A是个字母。8、特殊疑问词做主语，通常认为是三单。What makes him happy？ Who likes music?9、动名词短语做主语时，通

17、常认为是三单。Listening to music makes us feel happy.单数第三人称形式变化规则如下：直接加s。如：workworks 【加的s在清辅音后读s ， 在元音和浊辅音后读z】辅音字母y结尾的词，先变y为i，再加es。如：carrycarries；crycries；trytries；studystudies以s、x、o、ch、sh结尾的加es。【加的es读iz或z】如：washwashes；teachteaches；gogoes；passpasses；fixfixes; 特殊：havehas附： 清辅音: /p/ /t / /k/ /f/ / /s/ /h/ /t

18、s/ /t/ /tr/浊辅音：/b/ /d/ /g/ /v/ /z/ /r/dz/d/ /dr/m/n/j / / w / /写出下列动词的第三人称单数形式:1)go _ 2)like _ 3)say _ 4) have _ 5)watch _ 6)cry _7) fly _ 8)love _9)enjoy _10)study _11)wash_ 12)do_13)buy_14)teach_15)swim_16)hurry_ 17)carry_18)miss _19)drop_ 20)lie_ 、对划线部分提问：特殊疑问词+一般疑问句？ Daniel comes from London. Wh

19、ere does Daniel come from?、祈使句: Open the door. Keep quite. Run fast! Dont open the door. Dont keep quite. Dont run fast!、时间状语：always, often, sometimes, every +段时间(week, day, year), once a week, on Sundays, etc.、练习一、用所给动词的适当形式填空:1. My parents_(listen) to the radio every day. 2. Mike and his twin brot

20、her_ (study) in a middle school.3. We_(take) Eddie for a walk after supper. 4. He_(wash) his own clothes every day.5. His uncle_ (go) fishing on Sundays. 6. My friends_ (help)me a lot with my Chinese.7. I （not play) tennis at school. Peter （not play) tennis at home.8. Amy and I (not walk) home. She

21、(not walk) home.9. You (not like) watching TV. He (not like) watching TV.10. They (not do) their homework every day.11. The Class 1 students usually _ (have) lunch at 12 oclock.12. He _ (want) to _ (go) with you. 13. She often _ (try) on new clothes.14. Daniel and Sandy _ (be) members of the Music C

22、lub. They _ (listen) to music all the time.15. Dont _ (swim) in the river. It _ (be) dangerous.16. Simon _ (not do) his homework every evening. Sometimes he _ (watch) TV at home.17.Kitty (not do) her homework every day.18.I usually _ (go) running for half an hour at the weekend.19. My grandparents _

23、 (like) watching TV very much. 20. This _(be) my cat. It _(love) me.21. _ (be) your sister a member of the Reading Club?22. She often _ (finish) her homework at 9:00 in the evening.23. My cousin _(enjoy) computer games. But his father _(not enjoy) computer games.24. We _ (not have) a Music lesson on

24、 Thursday.25. His uncle _ (not get) up early on Saturday.26. The little baby in blue_(look) like his father.27. The boys _(not be) members of the Swimming Club.28. One of them _( want )_( fly ) a kite in the park。29. Everyone in the club _( hope ) _( play ) in the World Cup.30. My cousin _(study) in

25、 our school, too.二、句型转换1.He often flies a kite in the park.(改为否定句) He _ often _ a kite in the park.2.She always misses the early bus in the morning.（改为一般疑问句） _ she always _ the early bus in the morning?3. Her mother is in the bedroom in the evening.（提问） _ _ her mother in the evening?4. She walks hom

26、e after school every day.（主语改为复数they） They _ home after school every day.5.Boys like playing computer games.(改为否定句) Boys _ _ playing computer games.6. Simon wants to go swimming. (改为否定句) Simon _ _ to go swimming.7. Our Chinese teacher is 30 years old. (对划线部分提问) _ _ _ _ Chinese teacher？8. He plays basketball very well. (改为否定句) He _ _ basketball very well.9. Many students come from Beijing. (改为否定句) Many students _ _ from Beijing.10. We like reading this book.(用he作主语改写句子) _ _ _ this book.