[31885444]Unit 9讲义2021-2022学年人教版八年级英语下册.docx

1、Unit 9 Have you ever been to a museum?新课知识讲解与练习单词默写：1.娱乐；游戏 n_2.游乐场_3.在某处；到某处 adv_4.照相机；摄影机；摄像机n_5.发明；发明物 n_6.发明；创造 v_7.难以置信的；不真实的 adj_8.进步；进展 v n_9.迅速的；快速的 adj_10.特别的；不寻常的 adj_11.坐便器；厕所； n_12.鼓励 v_13.社会的 adj_14.和平的；安宁的adj_15.茶艺_16.表演；演出 n_17.完美的；完全的_18.茶具_19.它自己pron_20.收集；采集 v_21.两个；一对；几个_22.德国的德语的

2、；德国人的adj德语；德国人 n23.主题 n_24.供乘骑的娱乐设施；短途旅程 n25.省份 n_26.一千 num_27.数以千计的；许许多多的_28.一方面。另一方面。_29.安全的；无危险的adj_30.仅仅；只不过 adv_31.害怕；惧怕 v n_32.不管还是 ；或者或者；是否conj33.印度的；adj印度人 n_34.日本的；日本人的；日语的adj日本人；日语 n35.狐狸 n_36.全年_37.赤道 n_38.在任何。时候；无论何时conj_39.春天 n_40.主要地；通常 adv_41.地点；位置 n_重点词组：1. the film /space / history/

3、 art / museum电影/太空/历史/艺术博物馆 2. water/ amusement park水上公园/游乐场 3. take the subway乘地铁 4. have a great time过得愉快 5. go skating/ boating/ shopping/ swimming/ fishing/kiting/hunting/hiking去滑冰/划船/购物/游泳/钓鱼/放风筝/打猎/远足 6. old movie cameras古老的电影摄影机 7. put up a tent搭帐篷 8. a very unusual museum一个不寻常的博物馆 9. the Int

4、ernational Museum of Toilets国际马桶博物馆 10. encourage somebody to do something鼓励某人做某事 11. the Hangzhou National Tea Museum杭州国家茶博物馆 12. a relaxing and peaceful place一个令人放松并且宁静的地方 13. tea art performances茶艺表演 14. make a perfect cup of tea沏一杯完美的茶 15. tea sets茶具 16. a couple of times两次 17. a boat ride乘船（名词短

5、语） 18. take a ride on the boat乘船（动词短语） 19. in Southeast Asia在东南亚 20. thousands of 许多，成千上万的 21. take a holiday度假 22. on the one hand, on the other hand.一方面, 另一方面 23. an English-speaking country 一个说英语的国家 24. all year round全年 25. during the daytime在白天 26. be close to与关系很亲密，离很近 27. one way that youve us

6、ed一个你曾用过的方法 28. one invention that you have found一个你曾发现的发明 29. one thing that you have had一件你曾拥有过的东西 30. camp in the mountains在山中野营 31. a nice place to enjoy tea 一个品茶的好地方 32. the Terracotta Army 兵马俑 33. Night Safari 夜间动物园 34. three quarters 四分之三35. right now 现在；目前 36. an amusement park with a specia

7、l theme一个有特别的主题的游乐园 37. walk around the park 在公园里到处走 38. hear of 听说 39. another province另一个省 40. the Birds Nest鸟巢 41. social groups 社会团体 42. in such a rapid way 以如此迅猛的方式 43. different kinds of各种各样的 44. development of toilets 厕所的发展 45. go somewhere different 去不同的地方 46. in the past 在过去47. be far from

8、离远 48. in the dark 在黑暗中 必背句式 1. Have you ever been to a science museum? 你曾经去过科学博物馆吗？ 2. No, Ive never been to a science museum.不，我从没有去过科学博物馆。 3. Have you ever visited the space museum?你曾经参观过太空博物馆吗？ 4. No, Ive never been there.不，我从没去过那儿。重点考点：1. Me neither. （P65）neither1）neither用作代词，表示“两者都不，双方均不”。例如：

9、Neither of articles is made in Beijing. 这两种物品都不是北京制造的2） neither用作连词，常用短语为neither.nor.，表示“既不也不”。例如： I have neither time nor money. 我既没时间也没钱。 提醒注意：neither和nor后面接同一词性的单词或短语。 neither.nor.结构用作主语时，谓语动词必须与nor后面的名词或代词在人称及数上保持一致，即所谓的就近原则。 3）neither用作副词，作“也不”解释，放在句首，表示前面否定的内容也适用于另一个人或物，句子须采用部分倒装。此时也可用nor替换nei

10、ther使用。 I dont like this dress. 我不喜欢这件连衣裙。Neither / Nor do I. 我也不喜欢。 练习题：1. If you dont go to the park tomorrow, _. A. neither do I B. neither I do C. neither will I D. neither I will 2.We asked John and Henry some easy questions, but _ of them could answer them. A. none B. both C. all D. neither 3、

11、Which is more useful, biology or chemistry? I think _ them are useful.（广州市） A. either of B. none of C. both of D. all of 4. Can you come on Monday or Tuesday? Im afraid _ day is possible. A. either B. neither C. some D. any 5.If Joes wife wont go to the party, _ A. he will either B. neither will he

12、C. he neither will D. either he will 6. My little brother has never got up late. _ they. A . So has B Neither has C Neither have D Neither are2. Lets go to one tomorrow. (P65)itone that三者均可用作代词, 指代前面提到的名词。一般说来, it指代同名同物; one与that则指代同名异物。 I have lost my umbrella; Im looking for it. （该句中it就是指前面的my umb

13、rella） it 特指上下文提到的是同一事物。 I have lost my umbrella; I think I must buy one. （one在该句中表泛指, 因为my umbrella已经丢了） one 泛指上下文提及的同类事物中的一个，属于同一类而不是同一个事物。The umbrella you bought is cheaper than that I bought. （替代词that在该句中特指“the umbrella I bought”, 以区别“the umbrella you bought”） that 常用在比较结构中，代替前面提到的名词，以避免重复。one与t

14、hat虽可用来指代同名异物, 但one为泛指, 相当于aan名词; that为特指, 相当于the 名词。所以one所指代的名词的修饰语一般为 aan some any; that所指代的名词的修饰语往往是the this that。 A chair made of steel is stronger than one made of wood. （该句中one可以换成a chair） The water in the cup is hotter than that in the pot. （该句中that可以换成 the water）练习题：1. Im moving to the count

15、ry because the air there is much fresher than _ in the city. A. ones B. one C. that D. those2. Idontthinkitveryexpensivetobuyafamilycomputerhere.-Really?Illbuy_nextweek.A.itB.thisC.oneD.mine3. TheweatherinBeijingiscoolerthan_inGuangzhou.A.thisB.itC.thatD.one4. YesterdayIlostmypen,butIvebought_.A.itB

16、.thatC.oneD.theone5. Iamlookingforahouse.Idlike_withagardonaround_.A.one,itB.it,itC.one,oneD.it,one3. It s really interesting, isnt it? Yes , I love all the old movie cameras there. (p66)反意疑问句反意疑问句是对陈述句所叙述的事实提出看法，问对方同不同意。它的结构由两部分组成：陈述句简短问句。如果前一部分为肯定形式，后一部分用否定形式；前一部分为否定形式，后一部分就用肯定形式。一般来说，简短问句主语人称的数、动

17、词时态应和陈述部分的主语人称的数、动词时态相一致。如：Mary likes reading，doesnt she？玛丽喜欢读书，是吧？（前一部分为肯定形式，后一部分用否定形式）Mary doesnt like reading，does she？玛丽不喜欢读书，是吧？（前一部分为否定形式，后一部分就用肯定形式）注意:1.如果陈述句有一个助动词（包括can，must，need等情态动词），其简短问句用同一个助动词。例如：You havent seen that film，have you？你没有看过那部电影，是吗？2. 如果陈述部分包含no，never，hardly，few，little，scar

18、cely等否定词，简短问句部分应用肯定形式。例如：You have no time on Monday，have you？星期一你没有时间，是吗？3. 陈述句部分是there be句型时，简短问句部分也用there be。 例如：There are some people in the room，arent there？教室里有人，是吗？4.当陈述句部分含有否定词如nothing，nobody等不定代词时，简短问句部分应用肯定结构。为避免重复，用代词it来代替nothing；用they或he来代替nobody。 例如： Everything goes well，doesnt it？ 一切顺利，

19、是吗？ Everyone is here，arent they？（注意：此句问句与前句动词的数不一致。）5.祈使句后面的简短问句使用 will you？wont you？would you？can you？cant you？ wouldyou？ shall we？它们不是真正的疑问句（意为请），但常用升调。wont用于邀请；will，would，can，cant及shall we用来告诉人们该做什么事，表请求。例如：Do sit down，wont you？您请坐。 Give me a pen，will you？请给我一支笔。6.在 I think，I believe，I suppose，I

20、guess等结构中，简短问句的主语往往与从句的主谓保持一致， 例如：I think shes out，isnt she？我想她出去了，是吗？I dont believe its true，is it？ 我认为那不是真的，对吗？注意： 在回答反意疑问句的问题时，如果回答是肯定的，要用yes，否定的要用no，在第一部分是否定形式时要特别注意，这时的英语回答与汉语回答是有区别的。例如：This isnt yours，is it?这不是你的，是吗？ Yes，it is.不，是我的。 No，it isnt. 对，不是我的。练习题：1Mr. Wangs never been to Canada, has

21、he? _. He went there on business last week. A. No, he hasnt B. Yes, he has C. No, he hasD. Yes, he hasnt2. There is little milk left in the bottle, _?A. is it B. is there C. isnt it D. isnt there3. -Your sister doesnt get up late , does he? -_. But she gets up late on weekends. A. Yes, she does B. N

22、o, she doesnt C. Yes, she doesnt D. No, she does4. Few of them hurt themselves in the accident last night , _. A. dont they B. didnt they C. did they D. do they5. John can hardly understand any Chinese, _ he? A cant B doesnt C can D does6. You wont follow his example, will you? _, I dont think he is

23、 right.A No, I wont B Yes, I will C No, I will D Yes, I wont4. In such a rapid way (p67)so和such的用法区别：such与so的意思都是“如此，这样”。1、 such后面主要是修饰名词。即：sucha/anadj.n.或a/ansuchadj.n.。如果名词是不可数名词或复数名词，则不可以用不定冠词a或an。如： He has such a beautiful bike. We all go to see it. Its a such fine day. We all want to go to fly

24、a kite. 2、 so后面只能跟形容词或副词。即：soadj./adv.不过，so后面也可以跟名词，但该名词必须是单数可数名词。用法为：so+形容词+a/an+单数可数名词。如： The tiger is so big. And the cat is so small. She is so lovely a girl. 3、 它们后面还可以与that从句连用。即：suchthat和sothat意思是“如此以至”。如： She is such a clever girl that she can make much progress in math exam. His brother is

25、so young that he cant go to school. 4、数名词或集合名词之前有few，many；不可数名词之前有little，much修饰时，用so，如： so many people / so many students / so few days so much time / so much money / so little time等。 There are so few that I cant give you one. This is the girl I have told you so much about.练习题：1. _fine day it is tod

26、ay! Yes, he sunshine is _beautiful that Id like to go swimming in the sea. A. How, such B. What a, very C. How, so D. What a, so 2. They are _ beautiful flowers _ many people want to buy them. A. as, as B. so, as C. so, that D. such, that3. Thecamerais_expensive_Icantaffordit.A.so,thatB.such,thatC.s

27、o,astoD.enough,that4 She is _ good a teacher that we all like her . A. so B. such C. such a D. quite a5. I have never seen beautiful painting. A. so B. such C. such a D. so a5. More than three quarters of the population are Chinese (p70)分数的表示方法：表示分数时，分子用基数，分母用序数，分子大于1，分母用复数。分数修饰名词时，后用of短语。如：1/3 one

28、third of teachers 3/7 three sevenths of the boys1/2 a half1/4 a quarter3/4 three quarters分数、百分数与主谓一致分数、百分数的考查往往和主谓一致相联系。当分数、百分数修饰可数名词的复数时，谓语动词用复数形式；当分数、百分数修饰不可数名词时，谓语动词用单数形式。练习题：_ is less than _. A. One-third; two-thirds B. One-third; two-third C. First-three; first-threes D. One-third; one-three2.

29、Eighty percent of the students in our school from Henan.我们学校百分之八十的学生来自河南。3.Three fourths of the students in my class interested in English .我们班四分之三的学生对英语感兴趣。4. Two thirds of the water on the earth sea water.地球上三分之二的水是海水。6. You wont have any problem getting rice (p70)固定句型：做某事很困难have difficulty /probl

30、em/trouble (in) doing sth. /with sth.= have a hard/difficult time (in) doing sth. /with sth.练习题：1. Whatproblemsdotheyhave_(raise)moneyforthestudentsfromMianyang?2. As a well-known actor, are you feeling happy?Not really. Sometimes I have a hard time who my real friends are.（ know）7. Whether you like

31、 Indian food, Western food or Japanese food, youll find it all in Singapore! (p70) “不论还是”，whether引导让步状语从句。例如： （1）Whether you can see the moon or not, it is always round. 不论你能否看得见，月亮总是圆的。 （2）You may rely upon my help, whether others help you or not. 不论别人帮不帮你，你都可以依赖我的帮助。表示是否，导宾语从句。这时whether可与if换用。例如：

32、（1）A simple experiment will show whether air has weight or not. （= A simple experiment will show if air has weight. ）一个简单的实验就可以证明空气是否有重量。 （2）I wonder whether we shall be in time for the last bus or （whether we shall）have to walk home. 我不知道我们是否可以赶上最后一班公共汽车，或是只好步行回家。whether与if的区别：1. whether可与or not连用，

33、而if不可以 I dont know whether he will come or not. 我不知道他是否会来。 2. 在句首时用whether，而不用if； Whether you take part in or not the result will be the same. 你参不参加结果都是一样的。 Whether he will come is still a question. 他是否会来还是一个疑问。 3. 在介词后用whether，而不用if； It depends on whether he can solve the problem. 那取决于他能否解决这个问题。 4可

34、以与动词不定式连用 He cant decide whether to visit her or not. 他决定不出是否去看她。练习：I. 单项选择1. He _ to Canada, so you cant see him recently.A. have goneB. has beenC. has goneD. have been2. _have you been there since you became a teacher? Twice.A. How oftenB. How longC. How soonD. How many times3. Foxes and lions are

35、 during the night, and we can see them walking. A. awake B. alone C. asleep D. wake4. While I was in the park, I saw some children _ kites.A. flyB. to flyC. are flyingD. flying5. Ive been to the space museum. _ Its really great. A. Me neither. B. Me, too. C. So I have. D. Neither I have.6. This is a

36、 big class, and _ of the students are girls.A. two thirdB. second threeC. two thirdsD. two three7. Mr. Li _ Paris. He _ Paris for 3 weeks.A. has been to, has been to B. has gone to, has been inC. has been to, has been in D. has gone to, has been to8. Can you come on Monday or Tuesday? Im afraid _ da

37、y is possible. A. either B. neither C. some D. any9. The childrens favorite _ is summer because they can swim in the river. A. month B. environment C. weather D. season10. Have you ever been to Shengzhen? -Yes, I _ there four months ago.A. have been B. have gone C. went D. was going11. In the factor

38、y, _ of the workers _ women. A. three quarters; are B. three quarter; are C. third quarters; is D. third quarter; is12. _ you do, dont miss this exhibition, for its so hard for me to get the tickets. A. WhateverB. HoweverC. WheneverD. Whether13. This is a foreign language bookstore, and _ of the boo

39、ks are English books. A. third four B. fourth three C. three quarters D. three four12. You can ask for help _ you need. I will try my best to help you. A. whenever B. however C. whether D. until13. I havent been to the space museum. -_. A. So do I B. Me too C. Me either D. Me neither14. I _ the amus

40、ement park twice. How about you? -Never. I hope to visit it soon. A. have gone to B. have been to C. have gone D. have been15. England, Australia, and the United States are all _ countries. A. English-speaking B. English-spoken C.speaking-English D. spoken-English16. Would you like to go to Sichuan

41、Province for holidays? Its too far. How about province? A. another B. the other C. other D. others17.Do you know Toms sister is a doctor or not? No, I dont know. A. that B. whether C. if D. What18. Last year, I visited a chemical factory in Qingdao, there are about _ workers in it. A. six thousands

42、B. six thousand C. six thousands of D. six thousand of19. - _ can you finish this English examination? - In about one and a half hours. A. How far B. How often C. How soon D. How long20. Our teacher always encourages us _ as much knowledge as possible. A. learn B. to learn C. learning D. learned 21.

43、 -I am a little hungry, Mom. -There are some cakes on the plate. You can take _. A. it B. one C. that D. this选择所给词的适当形式填空，每次限用一次。 invent, encourage, fear, collect, progress, run, provide1. It is unbelievable that technology _ in such a rapid way in the past few years.2. Each parent _ their children

44、with good education if they have the ability.3. Do you know who _ the lights?4. _ stamps is a good and easy habit because it doesnt take too much time.5. We should _ the children to face the challenge and not to give up.6. Quaking(发抖) with_, Polly slowly opened the door.7. Tom _ out of his pocket mo

45、ney so he cant buy the toy he like.A. 从方框内选择合适的单词，并用其适当形式填空 live find argue do travel make progress ride1. She _ by studying hard. Now she is the best student in her class. 2. Its not polite_ with our parents even if they are wrong.3. He in Beijing since he came to China.4. When I dont know what _ , I usually ask him for help.5. He loves visiting different places. He _to Beijing at the moment. 6. Jim _ his bicycle too fast and fell off. As a result, he broke his leg.7. Did you have any problem the hotel?