专题 34 英美文化阅读理解专项：春假 热衷读书伦敦人 斯坦福大学-2024年高考英语常考英美文化阅读专练 素材积累.docx

1、81. Spring Break春假It is April in the United States, the time of year when most of our public schools have their Spring Breaks. Spring Break is a weeks vacation during the second term of each school year. Students look forward to it as it is seen as a time of fun, a time for hanging out with your fri

2、ends or taking a road trip. This is especially true for those, whose time in school is nearing an end, that is, the seniors. After Spring Break., they will only have a month and a half or so of classes left before they finish this level of education and move on to the rest of their lives. This is an

3、 exciting and bitter time for these people. Spring Break is the beginning of saying good-bye to childhood and childhood friends, though few seniors would still consider themselves children. Many seniors take a road trip for their last Spring Break. This means that they travel in a car with some frie

4、nds and drive somewhere, often somewhere warm if they live in the north where it has been cold and snowy for some months. Florida is a popular place. During this time they will hang out with their friends, go to parties, and meet new people. Its a period of relaxation before the final push to finish

5、 their basic education. Then again, for some seniors, it marks something serious that teachers call seniorities. This is not a real disease, but it is a word that describes a group of problems seen in many seniors in their last days in school. The main problem is a lack of desire to do anything othe

6、r than for fun. Schoolwork becomes less and less important. After Spring Break, there are a couple of their activities that occur for seniors only. At the high school I attended, we had a senior breakfast. This was a gathering of all the seniors in the school for a breakfast. Some teachers came too.

7、 At this event, we gave out awards on which the senior class had voted. These awards included Best Smile and Most Likely to Succeed, among others. (355 words)Helper:hang out闲逛 relaxation放松 seniority si:niriti老资格Brief Introduction:每年4月份，美国的大多公立学校都要放一个星期的春假。学生们热切盼望着春假的到来，这意味着他们又可以有时间和朋友们一起外出游玩度假了。对于毕业

8、班的学生来说，春假的感觉是既兴奋又苦涩的，因为虽然他们中很少再有人认为自己还是个孩子，最后一个春假却是他们向孩提时代及儿时的朋友说再见的开始他们也即将完成这一段学业，踏上人生下一段的旅程。许多毕业班的学生在最后一个春假中往往结伴开车旅行。他们尽情地戏耍玩乐，享受青春的欢乐时光。这个时候，他们已被老师们称作“老资历”了，而他们面临的主要问题是缺乏做些除了玩乐之外的事情的动力。对他们来说，学业已逐渐变得不那么重要。春假之后，他们将会参加一些专门为毕业班的学生举办的活动，例如一种毕业生早餐的活动。 Exercises:从所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳答案。1. In the passage,

9、 the word seniors means _. A. old people in school B. the younger of the students at school C. the teachers who are having a vacation D. the students who are going to finish school2. They think Spring Break exciting and bitter because it is a time of _. A. saying good-bye to each other B. major chan

10、ge in their life C. relaxation and more fun in life D. traveling to somewhere they like3. After Spring Break, the seniors_. A. will feel too tired to go on with their study B. will be ready for the senior breakfast C. would have more fun rather than study D. will suffer from a kind of disease4. From

11、 the passage we can see that Spring Breaks_. A. bring a lot of trouble to schools B. are popular with students C. are not permitted in some schools D. are popular with children onlyKeys and Explanations: 1-4 DBCB1. 选D。词义猜测题。根据第一段第四句的“whose time in school is nearing an end”可知“seniors”是指毕业班的学生。2. 选B。推

12、理判断题。由第一段的后两句话推断出对于毕业班的学生们来说，春假即意味着他们人生中的一个重大转变的到来。3. 选C。细节理解题。由第二段中的两句话“The main problem is a lack of desire to do anything other than for fun. Schoolwork becomes less and less important.”可知毕业班的学生们春假之后玩乐会多于学习。4. 选B。推理判断题。从整篇文章对于美国春假的描述中能看出春假深受学生们的欢迎。82. Londoners are great readers热衷于读书的伦敦人 Londoner

13、s are great readers. They buy vast numbers of newspapers and magazines and even books especially paperbacks, which are still comparatively cheap in spite of ever-increasing rises in the costs of printing. They still continue to buy proper books, too, printed on good paper and bound between hard cove

14、rs. There are many streets in London containing shops which specialize in book-selling. Perhaps the best known of these is Chafing Cross Road in the very heart of London. Here bookshops of all sorts and sizes are to be found, from the praised one which boasts of being “the biggest bookshop in the wo

15、rld to the tiny dusty little places which seems to have been left over from Dickens time. Some of these shops store any kind of books, but many of them specialize in second-hand books, in art books, in foreign books, in books on philosophy, politics or any other of the numberless subjects about whic

16、h books may be written. One shop in this area specializes only in books about ballet! Although it may be the most convenient place for Londoners to buy books, Chafing Cross Road is not the cheapest. For the really cheap second-hand books, the collectors must visit Farringdon Road, in the East Centra

17、l district of London. Here there is nothing so grand as book shops. Instead, the booksellers come along each morning and put out their big bags of books onto small carts which line the gutters by the road. And the collectors, who have been waiting for them, rush forward. In places like this one can

18、still, occasionally, pick up for a few pence an old book that may be worth many pounds. Both Chafing Cross Road and Farringdon Road are well-known places for the book buyer. Yet all over London there are bookshops, in places not so well-known, where the goods are equally rich and exciting. It is in

19、the sympathetic atmosphere of such shops that the book buyer feels most at home. In these shops, even the lifelong book-browser is frequently rewarded by the accidental discovery of unknown delights. One could, in fact, easily spend a lifetime exploring Londons bookshops. There are many less pleasan

20、t of spending time! (364 words)Helper:paperbacks纸封面本(普及本, 平装书) bind (bound ) 装订, 粘合 boasts of 夸耀ballet芭蕾 gutters 排水沟 sympathetic (同情的) atmosphere情趣，气氛 browser浏览者 Brief Introduction:伦敦人异常热衷于读书他们既购买大量的价格相对低廉的报刊杂志和平装书，也购买一些装帧精美的图书。伦敦有着许多的“书街”，其中最为著名的当属位于市中心的“Chafing十字街”。整条街上布满了各种规格和类型的书店，有些是综合类图书店，有些书店

21、则专营旧书、艺术典籍、外国图书等等。对于一位真正的收集二手书的爱好者来说，位于伦敦东中部地区的“Farringdon街”就是一个必去之处了。在这里，每天早晨书贩们将装着旧书的小货车摆放在路旁的排水沟边，旧书收集者们则会蜂拥而至。幸运的话，在这里花上几个便士你就可能会买到一本价值不菲的旧书。除了上述两条著名的书街外，伦敦市区遍布书店。这些林林总总的书店都可能带给人们一些欣喜和乐趣，以至于有人会终身徜徉于这些书店中而乐此不疲。 Exercises:从所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳答案。1. In the bookshops of Chafing Cross Road you can get

22、 _.A. new books of any kind B. tiny dusty books C. second-hand books D. both A and C2. The book-browser _. A. has many other pleasant ways of spending time B. always stays at home reading C. never gets tired of exploring Londons bookshops D. never stays at home reading3. Which of the following is NO

23、T true according to the passage? A. Chafing Cross Road lies at the centre of London. B. Chafing Cross Road has all kinds of book stores. C. Chafing Cross Road also sells second-hand books on all subjects. D. Chafing Cross Road sells cheaper books than any other place in London.4. According to the pa

24、ssage the best-known bookshops are_ A. in the East central district B. in the centre of the city C. in some parts of the city D. in the north parts of the city5. This passage tells us that_ A. Londoners have plenty of time to read books B. Londoners are rich enough to buy various books C. Londoners

25、enjoy collecting and reading books D. Londoners prefer second-handbooks. Keys and Explanations: 1-5 DCDBC1. 选D。细节理解题。 根据第一段的“Some of these shops store any kind of books, but many of them specialize in second-hand books”可知。2. 选C。细节理解题。根据最后一段“One could, in fact, easily spend a lifetime exploring Londo

26、ns bookshops”可得出答案。3. 选D。细节理解题。根据第二段的第一句可知此题答案。4. 选B。具体信息题。根据第一段“Perhaps the best known of these is Chafing Cross Road in the very heart of London”选择项。5. 选C。主旨大意题。文章一开始就谈到“Londoners are great readers”之后文章又介绍了伦敦的主要书店。83. Stanford University斯坦福大学Stanford University is a privately-funded university. It

27、 lies at the heart of the Silicon Valley, both geographically and historically. Situated on an expansive and picturesque campus in suburban California, owning 8,180 acres, it is one of the largest university campuses in the world. Stanford University offers comprehensive undergraduate and graduate e

28、ducation programs as well as hosting a world-renowned medical center and a wide variety of research facilities and community outreach projects. Stanford is considered to be one of the most prestigious and well-known universities in the world, combining top-grade academics with winning athletic progr

29、ams.Stanford was founded by railroad magnate and California Governor Leland Stanford and his wife, Jane Stanford, and is named in honor of their deceased teenage son, Leland Stanford, Jr. The University officially opened on October 1, 1891, to 559 students, with free tuition and fifteen faculty memb

30、ers, seven of whom hailed from Cornell University. The school was established as a coeducational institution although it maintained a cap on female enrollment for many years and continued to have predominantly male enrollment in many strategic areas, such as engineering and computer science.The offi

31、cial motto of Stanford University, selected by the Stanfords, is Die Luft der Freiheit weht. When loosely translated from the Latin, by way of German, the quote from Ulrich von Hutten means The wind of freedom blows. At the time of the schools establishment, German had recently replaced Latin as the

32、 dominant language of science and philosophy. (242 words)Helper:Silicon Valley 硅谷 acreeik英亩 outreach能达到的范围 magnate mgneit巨头 deceased已故的 faculty fklti 全体教员 hail form 来自 Cornell University：康奈尔大学maintain维持，坚持enrollment inrulmnt 登记, 注册 predominantly pridminntli主要的 strategic strti:dik 战略的, 重要的 motto座右铭,

33、箴言 quote引用，引述 dominant占优势的, 主导的Brief Introduction:斯坦福大学始建于1885年，正式开办于1891年。当时的加州铁路大王、曾担任加州州长的老利兰斯坦福为纪念他在意大利游历时染病而死的儿子，决定捐钱成立斯坦福大学，并把自己8180英亩用来培训优种赛马的农场拿出来作为学校的校园。相传斯坦福夫妇在这之前曾拜访过哈佛大学的校长，提出为纪念他们的儿子的死，在哈佛校园内建一座大楼。但他们遭到了拒绝，于是才建造了这座闻名于世的大学。斯坦福大学基金雄厚，经费充足，教学设备也极为充裕。此外，校内的体育设施也很多，有能容纳八万五千人的体育馆，以及高尔夫球场和游泳池等

34、。 坐落于美国“硅谷”中心地带的斯坦福大学被科技集团与企业重重包围，与高科技、与商界、更与实用主义和开拓精神这些典型的“美国精神”建立起密切的联系，已成为二十一世纪美国科技精神的象征。 Exercises:从所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳答案。1. Stanford University offers the following except _. A. a world-famous medical center B. varieties of research facilities C. the largest library in America D. community outr

35、each projects2. The underlined word “prestigious” in paragraph 1 means _. A. worth a lot of money B. admired and respected by a lot of people C. excellent in all aspects D. able to influence what people do or think3. The probable reason why Leland Stanford and Jane Stanford founded Stanford Universi

36、ty was that _. A. there had been no privately-funded university in California before B. the Stanfords owned such a large land of 8,180 acres at the heart of the Silicon Valley C. they wanted to recall their deceased teenage son D. they expected to offer comprehensive undergraduate and graduate educa

37、tion programs to young people in California4. When Stanford University officially opened, it _. A. offered free tuition to its 559 students B. had 15 faculty members who hailed from Cornel UniversityC. only admitted male students D. only involved the areas of engineering and computer science5. Which

38、 of the following can be inferred from the reading text? A. There had been no privately-funded university in America before Stanford University was founded. B. When the University opened, its campus was not as large as it is today. C. The University became world-renowned soon after it was founded. D

39、. Latin was still popular in the US when the University was established.Keys and Explanations: 1-5 CBCAD1. 选C。具体信息题。文章第一段介绍了斯坦福大学的教学设施和项目，其中未提到C项所指的设施。2. 选B。词义猜测题。结合上下文以及与“prestigious”并列的词 “well-known”可得出此题答案；“prestigious”的汉语意思是“享有声望的, 声望很高的”。3. 选C。细节理解题。第二段提到了斯坦福夫妇创立这所大学的原因为了纪念他们已故的未成年的儿子。4. 选A。事实判断题。A项与第三段开头部分的叙述相符，其余各项均与文中内容不一致。5. 选D。推理判断题。由文章最后一段可知斯坦福大学的校训最初用的是拉丁文，本段的最后一句提到在学校建立的时候德语取代拉丁文作为教学主导语言，因而正确答案是D。