专题01 文化和传统习俗-2024年高考英语一轮复习主题词汇.docx

1、话题一 文化习俗与传统节日第一部分 话题词汇积累单词&短语1.march n.&v._2.mask n._v._3. mass n._ adj._4.mature adj._5.activity n._6.media n._7.melt v._8.memorial adj._9.mend v._10.mercy n._11.custom n._12.metal n._13.mild adj._14.symbol n._15.feast n._16.miserable adj._17.model n._18.military adj._19.minority n._20.monitor n._2

2、1.monument n._22.mop n._23. mosquito n._24.motto n._25.mourn v._26.muddy adj._27.multicultural adj._28.muscle n._29.mutual adj._30.mysterious adj._31.mountainous adj.32. _n.&v.市场；销路；推销；交易；行情33. _n.婚姻；结婚；婚姻生活34. _n.&v.能手；大师；精通；掌握35. _n.&v.比赛；对手；火柴；相称；相匹敌36. _n.材料；素材；物质；原料37. _v.有关系；要紧；重要，n.事情38._adj.

3、有意义的；重要的；意味深长的39._n.&adv.与此同时；在此期间40._n.奖章；勋章；奖牌41._adj.思想上的；精神的；脑力的；内心的42._n.&v.提及；说到；提名；谈及43._adv.仅仅；只不过44._n.口信；消息；要旨；信息v.发消息45._n.方法；办法；手段46._adj.谦虚的；不太大的；适中的；端庄的47._n.镜子v.反映；映照；反射48._n.误会；误解；不和；争执；分歧49._adj.现代的；近代的；现代化的；最新的50._adj.&adv.每月的；按月的；每月；每月一次51._adj.道德的n.道德规范，寓意52.一种交通方式_53.吃药_54.作为对的纪

4、念_55.将某事记在心中(mind)_56. the moment/minute_57.错误地_58.心情好_59.make the most of/get the most out of_60.采取安全措施_61.春节_62.the Lantern Festival_63.the Tomb-sweeping Day_64.the Dragon Boat Festival_65. the Mid-autumn Day/Festival_66.the Double-ninth Day_67.探亲访友_68.temple fair_69.folk artists_70.赏月_词汇拓展1.match

5、 n.火柴；比赛；竞赛；敌手；旗鼓相当的人(或物)v.般配；相配；相同；找相称(或相关)的人(或物);配对He struck a _.他划了一根火柴。It rained and therefore the basketball _was postponed.篮球赛因为下雨此而延期了，Our value system does not_with their value system.我们的价值体系和他们的并不相同。They played some fine attacking football, but I think we_them in every respect.他们的攻势足球踢得不错，不

6、过我认为我们各方面和他们比起来都不逊色。The students are asked to_the books with the authors.要求学生把书籍与作者对应起来。2.mend v.修理；修补；缝补；织补；弥合(分歧);解决(争端)n.修补；好转；痊愈They took a long time to_the roof.他们花了很长时间修缮屋顶。I should have had the catch_,but never got round to it.我原本应该修好这个窗钩的，却一直没能抽出时间来。Youll _.The X-rays show that your_will hea

7、l all right.你会康复的。X光照片显示你的胳膊能够较好地复原。The baby had been poorly but seemed on the _宝宝生病了，但似乎正在好起来。活学活用一、阅读下列句子，在空自处填入1个单词或用括号内所给单词的适当形式填空。1.Language is_means for the expression of thought.2.The museum will serve as a memorial_the millions who passed through Ellis Island.3.She has a teenage daughter fro

8、m a previous_(marry).4.Her nails were painted bright red_(match)her dress.5.The stockings are so worn out that they cant_(mend)any more.二、翻译句子1.Surely it doesnt matter where charities get their money from:what counts is what they do with it._2.我的外套不在那儿，一定是有人拿错了。(by mistake)_3.我们必须牢记，我们不再是孩子，我们应该独立了。

9、(keep in mind)_4.端午节是为了纪念中国的一位诗人。(in memory of)_单词&短语答案1.行进，行军 2.n.面具v.掩饰，掩盖 3.n.团，块；大量adj.大规模的 4.成熟的 5.活动 6.新闻媒体，传媒7.(使)融化，(使)熔化 8.adj.纪念的n.纪念物，纪念碑9.修理，修补10.仁慈，怜悯，宽想 11.风俗习惯12.金属13.温和的，温暖的，轻微的 14.象征 15.宴会 16.悲惨的，可怜的 17.模型，型号，模范 18.军事的，军用的19.少数，少数民族 20.n.班长v.监控，监视 21.纪念碑，纪念馆 22.n.拖把v.擦掉 23.蚊子 24.座右铭

10、；格言 25.哀悼 26.泥泞的 27.多元文化的 28.肌肉 29.相互的，共同的 30.神秘的，不可思议的 31.多山的32.market 33.marriage 34.master 35.match 36. material 37.matter 38.meaningful 39.meanwhile 40.medal 41.mental 42.mention 43.merely 44.message45.method/means 46.modest 47.mirror 48.misunderstanding 49.modern 50.monthly 51.moralPhrases 52.

11、a means of transportation 53.take medicine 54.in memory of 55.keep/bear sth. in mind 56. 一就57.by mistake 58.in a good mood 59.充分利用 60.take safety measures 61. the Spring Festival/Chinese New Year 62.元宵节 63.清明节 64.端午节 65.中秋节66.重阳节67.pay a visit to/visit relatives and friends 68.庙会 69.民间艺人 70.enjoy th

12、e full moon词汇拓展1.match;match;match;match;match2.mend;mended;mend;mend活学活用一、1.a 2.to 3.marriage 4.to match 5.be mended二、1.慈善机构从哪里筹得捐款的确无关紧要：关键是钱是怎么花的。2.My coat isnt there, someone must have taken it by mistake.3.We must keep in mind that we are not children anymore,and we should be independent.4.The

13、Dragon Boat Festival is in memory of a Chinese Poet.第二部分 话题阅读训练（A）语法填空（2022年全国乙卷）May 21st this year marks the first International Tea Day, which was named officially _1_ the United Nations on November 27th, 2019. To celebrate _2_ festival, a number of events took place at the Chinese Businessman Mus

14、eum in Beijing on Thursday. The chairman of the China Culture Promotion Society _3_ (address) the opening ceremony. “As a main promoter of the International Tea Day, the birthplace of tea and the _4_ (large) tea-producing country, China has a _5_ (responsible)to work with other countries to promote

15、the healthy development of the tea industry. It can help to build a community with a _6_ (share) future for mankind,” he said. The “First International Tea Day Tea Road Cooperative Initiative” issued (发布) at the ceremony calls for people working in the tea industry to come together to promote intern

16、ational cooperation _7_ cultural exchanges. A four-year tea promotion Tea Road Cooperative Plan was also issued in accordance with the initiative. _8_ (strengthen)the connection with young people, the event included a number of public promotional activities on social media, _9_ (invite) twenty-nine

17、tea professionals from around the world to have thirty-six hours of uninterrupted live broadcasts. The Chinese Ancient Tea Museum was officially unveiled (揭幕) at the ceremony opening _10_ (it)first exhibition: The Avenue of Truth A Special Exhibition of Puer Tea.【答案】61. by 62. the 63. addressed 64.

18、largest 65. responsibility 66. shared 67. and 68. To strengthen 69. inviting 70. its【解析】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了为了庆祝第一个国际茶日，中国商会博物馆所举办的一系列活动。61. by 考查介词。句意：2019年11月27日，联合国正式将5月21日定为第一个国际茶日。根据句意可知，此处表达“被联合国在5月21日命名”。表示被动，使用固定结构“be+过去分词+by”。故填by。 62. the 考查非谓语动词。句意：为了庆祝这一节日，周四在北京的中国商人博物馆举行了一系列活动。特指Internation

19、al Tea Day这一节日，所以用定冠词the。故填the。63. addressed 考查时态。句意：中国文化促进会会长在开幕式上致辞。陈述过去事情，用一般过去时。故填addressed。64. largest 考查形容词最高级。句意：中国是茶的发源地和最大产茶国，作为国际茶日的主要推动者，中国有责任与其他国家共同促进茶产业的健康发展。根据定冠词the和常识可知，中国是最大产茶国，所以用形容词的最高级形式。故填largest。65. responsibility 考查名词。句意：中国是茶的发源地和最大产茶国，作为国际茶日的主要推动者，中国有责任与其他国家共同促进茶产业的健康发展。不定冠词a

20、后接可数名词的单数形式。故填responsibility。66. shared 考查非谓语动词。句意：这有助于构建人类命运共同体。此处为非谓语动词做定语来修饰名词future。非谓语动词share和名词future之间为被动关系，所以用过去分词作定语。故填shared。 67. and 考查连词。句意：仪式上发布的“首个国际茶日万里茶道合作倡议”呼吁茶业人士团结起来，促进国际合作和文化交流。名词international cooperation和cultural exchanges为并列成分，作动词promote的宾语。故填and。68. To strengthen 考查非谓语动词。句意：为了

21、加强与年轻人的联系，活动包括在社交媒体上的一系列公共宣传活动，邀请了来自世界各地的29名茶叶专业人士进行36小时不间断的直播。根据句意可知，此处表达“为了加强与年轻人的联系”，需要用不定式作目的状语。故填To strengthen。69. inviting 考查非谓语动词。句意：为了加强与年轻人的联系，活动包括在社交媒体上的一系列公共宣传活动，邀请了来自世界各地的29名茶叶专业人士进行36小时不间断的直播。此处为非谓语动词，逻辑主语the event与invite之间为主动关系，所以用现在分词作状语。故填inviting。70. its考查代词。句意：在开幕式上，中国古茶博物馆正式揭牌，开启了

22、它的第一个展览：大道遗真普洱茶专题展。名词exhibition前用形容词性物主代词。故填its。（B）七选五Food is a deeply rooted expression of identity, values and ways of life. 1 That is, eating is an element of common ground in terms of human existence and an experience that brings people together. Food is family treasure in the way recipes are pa

23、ssed on from one generation to another, maintaining family connection and cultural and geographical ancestral links.Food is an expression. What we cook is an expression of who we are and where we come from. 2 The traditional meals of a place touch on identity and ancestry. Every destination has a di

24、sh or cuisine associated with it, which is fixed on culture and identity. You may not know it, but that is why experiencing the local dishes of a new place usually tops ones to do list in a foreign land. 3 It is one of the interactions and processes of connecting with the people.Food is symbolic. Ho

25、me is where the heart is and in sensory response to food, familiar flavor arouses homesickness. 4 The ordinary smell of food takes one back to particular times in the past. The beautiful and merry essence of eating with family and friends from home adds to the pleasant tastes of meals.5 Food and foo

26、d habits serve as a culture channel of display of affection and emotional association and the sharing of delicious, nutritional food signals a bridge of closeness and acceptance.A. Accepting food is hard.B. Eating food is a universal experience.C. Food is largely cultural as well as nutritional.D. F

27、ood is therefore a reminder of fond memories of home.E. Eating a local dish is a way to connect with the local people.F. Food, however, sometimes gives us bad emotional experiences.G. This is obvious in how seafood is popular with the coastal people.1._ 2. _ 3. _ 4. _ 5. _ 篇章导读：本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了食物与文化

28、的关系。1.B 根据下文“That is, eating is an element of common ground in terms of human existence and an experience that brings people together.(也就是说，吃是人类存在的共同基础，是一种让人们走到一起的体验。)”可知，下文是对设空处的解释。B项(吃东西是一种普遍的体验。)切题。故选B.2.G 根据上文“What we cook is an expression of who we are and where we come from.(我们所烹饪的食物显示了我们的身份和出

29、处)。”可知，设空处解释食物与人们身份和出处的关系。G项(这从海鲜受沿海人们的喜爱就可以看出。)切题。故选G.3.E 根据上文“You may not know it, but that is why experiencing the local dishes of a new place usually tops ones to do list in a foreign land.(你可能不知道，但这就是为什么在异国他乡体验当地美食通常是最重要的事情。)”和下文“It is one of the interactions and processes of connecting with th

30、e people.(它是一种与人联系的互动和过程。)”可知，设空处说明当地美食的重要意义是什么。E项(品尝当地菜肴是与当地人交流的一种方式。)切题。故选E.4.D 根据上文“Home is where the heart is and in sensory response to food, familiar flavor arouses homesickness.(家是心的所在地，在对食物的感官反应中，熟悉的味道会引起乡愁。)”可知，设空处说明食物和家乡的关系。D项(因此，食物能唤起人们对家乡的美好回忆。)切题。故选D.5.C 根据下文可知，食物和饮食习惯是表达情感和情感联系的文化渠道，而分

31、享美味、营养的食物则是亲密和接受的桥梁。C项(食物在很大程度上既是具有文化性的，也是营养的。)切题。故选C.（C）阅读理解A competition making up Versailles literature was launched on Sina Weibo recently. So what is Versailles literature?Actually, the term has nothing to do with the French palace nor with literature. It came from The Rose of Versailles, a Jap

32、anese manga series about aristocratic(贵族化的)life at the palace of Versailles in France in the late 18th century, and was coined by a Chinese influencer earlier this year. Known as humblebragging, it is a boast (吹牛) disguised as a complaint. “I have too many houses. How can I decide which one to decor

33、ate?” and “I thought I lost weight this morning. So disappointed when I realized it was because I took off the huge diamond ring my boyfriend gave me last night” are some examples of Versailles literature. The intention is to show off-usually things of materialistic values, yet one ought to pretend

34、thats not the point.As the 19th century English author Jane Austen famously wrote, “Nothing is more deceitful(欺诈的)than the appearance of humility(谦逊)。” The psychology behind humblebragging is to be recognized for ones successes and be liked by others at the same time, according to scholars. In her a

35、rticle titled Why do people hate humblebragging? published in Psychology Today, psychologist Dr Susan Krauss Whitbourne at the University of Massachusetts Amherst noted that humblebragging is a “strategy in pursuit of respect because it draws attention to ones accomplishments in a circuitous way.How

36、ever, studies on social media users show that humblebragging as a self-promotion strategy does not work. In the essay Humblebragging: A distinct and ineffective self-presentation strategy, the University of North Carolina researcher Ovul Sezer and Harvard University scholars Francesca Gino and Micha

37、el Norton concluded from their research that humblebraggers are perceived more negatively than straight braggers due to the formers insincerity. “The critical factor differentiating the two groups of people is sincerity. People dont like braggers, but they at least see them as more sincere than humb

38、lebraggers, said Francesca Gino. So, how can we annoy humblebraggers back? “Just pretend you dont get whatever it is they try to show off,” a netizen advised. “ And respond with genuine sympathy for their complaints.”1.Which of the following statements is typical of “Versailles literature”？A. You kn

39、ow who my father is? My father is Li Gang.B. Got five offers to date. Im at a loss which to choose.C. Its a headache how to make my son tidy up his room regularly.D. Im fed up with living in the countryside with no shopping malls around.2.What is the psychology behind humblebragging?A. To win others

40、 sympathy.B. To earn others admiration.C. To show his/her sincerity.D. To mask his/her complaint. 3.What does the underlined word “circuitous in Paragraph 3 probably mean?A. Roundabout.B. Straightforward.C. Ambiguous.D. Double-edged.4.What cant be inferred from the passage?A. Braggers are relatively

41、 more sincere than humblebraggers.B. Humblebragging is an artificial appearance of being humble.C. To respond with real sympathy will discourage humblebraggers.D. If you want to be perceived positively, avoid using Versailles literature.答案:篇章导读：本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了“凡尔赛文学”。1.B 推理判断题。根据第二段第三句至段尾“Known as

42、humblebragging, it is a boast (吹牛) disguised as a complaint. I have too many houses. How can I decide which one to decorate? and .yet one ought to pretend thats not the point.”可知，“凡尔赛文学”是指谦虚自夸，是一种伪装成抱怨的自夸，其目的是炫耀通常是一些具有物质价值的东西。由此可推知，B项(有五个人排着队想和我约会，我都不知道选哪个好。)是教科书式的“凡尔赛文学”。故选B.2.B细节理解题。根据第三段第二句“The p

43、sychology behind humblebragging is to be recognized for ones successes and be liked others at the same time, according to scholars.”可知，谦虚自夸背后的心理是为了赢得别人的赞赏。故选B.3.A词义猜测题。根据第三段最后一句中的“that humblebraging is a strategy in pursuit of respect”并结合上文内容可知，谦虚自夸是用自谦的方式来吹牛，是一种绕弯的方式。由此可推测，circuitous 意为“迂回的”。rounda

44、bout“迂回的”；straightforward“直接的”；ambiguous“模棱两可的”；double-edged“模棱两可的；双刃剑的(有利有弊的)”。故选A.4.D 推理判断题。根据第四段最后一句中的“People dont like braggers, but they at least see them as more sincere than humblebraggers”可知，A项(吹牛的人要比谦虚自夸者更真诚。)正确；第三段第一句中的“Nothing is more deceitful(欺诈的)than the appearance of humility(谦逊)。”对应B

45、项中的“artificial appearance of being humble(谦虚的假象)”；根据最后一段“So, how can we annoy humblebraggers back? Just pretend you dont get whatever it is they try to show off, a netizen advised. And respond with genuine sympathy for their complaints.”可知，C项(用真正的同情来回应会让谦虚的吹牛者泄气。)正确；而文中没有提到如何被认可，所以D项(如果你想被正面地看待，避免使用凡尔赛文学。)从文中无法推出。故选D.