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类型专题03 语法填空15篇(名校最新期中真题)-2022-2023学年高一英语上学期期中复习查缺补漏冲刺满分(牛津译林版2020).docx

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    1、译林版(2020)高一英语上学期期中复习 查缺补漏冲刺满分(名校最新期中真题)专题03 语法填空15篇语法填空题的测试重点在于考查同学们能否将中学阶段所学的语言知识运用到实际的英语读写活动中去。语法填空试题基本上涉及了中学阶段所学的各类语法项目,而且考点分布比较均衡。从设题方式来看,分为给出提示词和不给出提示词两类。已给单词提示题型的技巧这种考查形式主要考查词性转换、名词单复数变化、形容词或副词的比较级与最高级变化、动词的时态和语态(含主谓一致)以及动词的非谓语形式。同样,我们先判断设空处在句中的功能,再确定该用什么形式。技巧一:名词形式变化。名词的形式变化主要有单数、复数、所有格的变化。例:

    2、There are many students living at school,the (child) houses are all far from schoo1由students一词可以判断出横线处应填复数,且作为houses的定语,所以应用其所有格形式,故答案为child的复合变化形式 复数的所有格childrens。技巧二:动词形式变化。动词的形式变化比较多,有谓语的变化(时态、语态、语气),有非谓语的变化(不定式、动名词、现在分词、过去分词)。例:A talk (give) tomorrow is written by Professor Zhang.句中的is written是整

    3、句的谓语,所以横线所在的动词应当用作非谓语。从tomorrow可以看出,报告是“将来”作的,故用不定式;且报告是give动作的承受者,故可以判断出横线所在处用give的不定式被动式to be given。技巧三:代词形式变化。代词形式变化通常是与人称变化有关的三大类五小类,即人称代词(主格和宾格)、物主代词(形容词性和名词性)、反身代词。另外还有几个不定代词的形式变化,如no onenone、otheranother等。例:The king decided to see the painter by (he).由介词by可以看出,横线处应填反身代词himself。技巧四:形容词、副词比较级变化

    4、。英语中大部分形容词和表方式的副词都有原级、比较级和最高级的变化。例:I am (tall)than Liu WenHe is the tallest students in my class此题后句交代了LiuWen是班上最高的学生,那“我”肯定比他矮,所以不能用taller,只能用表示程度不如的“less tall”。技巧五:数词形式变化。数词的形式变化包括基数词、序数词,或加后缀一teen、ty的变化,甚至还有作分母用的序数词的单复数形式,以及onetwo的特殊变化形式oncetwice例:To my three sons I leave my seventeen horsesMy el

    5、dest son shall take a half,my second son shall take a (three).从上下文连续起来理解,这是一个分马的计划,大儿子分得a half,也就是“一半”或“二分之一”,那么二儿子应该得“三分之一”,所以要填入作分母的序数词“third”才能命中目标。技巧六:词的派生。词的派生现象在英语单词中是很常见的,派生现象主要发生在名词、动词、形容词、副词四种词中。这种题型还有可能检测学生对词根、前后缀、派生词的掌握。例:Lious lost his wallet yesterday,SO he was very_(happiness)在这道题中,学生很

    6、容易判断出该用形容词;钱包丢了,人应该是不开心的,所以要再加个前缀un,就成了unhappy。未给单词提示题型的技巧这种形式主要考查同学们对语篇的理解、对逻辑关系的把握以及对固定搭配和常见句式的掌握程度。考查的内容主要是冠词、介词、代词、情态动词、连词、连接代/副词、关系词和句式。因为没有提示词,所以同学们需要根据短文大意、上下文的逻辑关系和对一些长难句的结构分析来判断设空处在句中的功能,从而界定其词性,确定其意义,最后确定其内容。技巧七:固定短语结构。根据句中横线前后及整句来判断横线前后是否构成一个固定短语,但有时要对横线前或后的几个单词“视而不见”才能命中答案。例1:The childre

    7、n were playing on the ground,enjoying_,dirty but happy.从句中的happy可以 猜出孩子们是开心的,所以应用enj0y oneself短语,故其答案为themselves。技巧八:短语动词结构。短语动词是以动词为中心的两个或多个词构成的短语,此类短语中往往是动词与介词或副词连用的多些。例1:The us consists_fifty states根据常识可知,美国由50个州组成,故横线处与前一词组合,表示“由.组成”,所以答案是of。技巧九:短语介词结构。短语介词即多个词的组合。起介词作用的短语,如:except for,due to等。例

    8、1:Mr Smith took a plane to London_of taking a train.此题中说到两种交通工具,所以可以理解此句有“坐而不是坐”的意思,故答案为instead,以构成介词短语instead of。技巧十:连词、关联短语结构。常用的连词有and,or,but,so,for,while等,常用的关联短语有bothand.,eitheror.,neithernor.,not onlybut also.等。例1:_Marrie and Jannie like going to the theatre横线处的词与后面可以构成both?and,故答案为Both。技巧十一:冠

    9、词、介词和常用的副词。冠词只能是在a,an,the之间判断;常用的介词有in,at,on,before,during等,通常考查固定搭配;副词的量还是比较多,如:however,never,yet,much等。例1:Jackie likes to drive at_ high speed这里考查的是不定冠词的习惯用法,答案为a,构成at a high speed,“以高速”开车。(2021江苏淮安高一期中)阅读下面短文,在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。Few people can remember anything that _1_(happen) to them in th

    10、eir early years. Adults memories of the next few years also tend to be unclear. Most people remember only a few eventsusually ones _2_were meaningful and distinctive,The passage of time does not account for it; adults have excellent _3_(recognize) of pictures of people who attended high school with

    11、them 35 years earlier. Another seemingly _4_(reason) explanationthat infants(婴儿) do not form enduring memories at this point in developmentalso is incorrect.However, three other _5_(explain)seem more promising. One involves physiological changes relevant to memory. Maturation of the frontal lobes(额叶

    12、) of the brain continues throughout early childhood, and this part of the brain may be critical for remembering particular episodes in ways that can _6_(recall) later.A second explanation involves the influence of the social world on childrens language use. Through hearing stories with _7_clear begi

    13、nning, middle, and ending children may learn to take out the idea of events in ways that they will be able to describe many years later.A third likely explanation for infantile memory loss involves mismatch between the ways in which little babies encode(编码) information and the ways in which older ch

    14、ildren and adults recall it. _8_people can remember an event depends critically _9_the fit between the way in which they _10_(early) encoded the information and the way in which they later attempt to recall it.(2021江苏淮安市淮安区教师发展中心学科研训处高一期中)阅读下面短文,在空白处填入一个恰当的单词或者括号内单词的正确形式。My best friend and I have be

    15、en close for eight years. When I was a primary school student, she was the popular girl _11_ was willing to make friends with me. Since then, a close friendship _12_ (grow) between us. But last Saturday, she _13_ (break) my heart, and Im still picking up the pieces.Our _14_ (origin) plan was to see

    16、a film at the cinema that afternoon. But in the morning, my friend posted a message on social media _15_ (say) she had a cold. When I called her, she said she might not be able to make _16_ to the cinema. “Dont worry,” I said. “Get some rest. We can wait till you get better.” Today, however, I recei

    17、ved a horrible surprise. A classmate told me she had seen my friend _17_ (chat) with another girl in a caf on Saturday afternoon. How stupid I was! My _18_ (friend) “illness” was a complete lie! Instead of recovering at home, she was out having fun _19_ someone else.I was so angry that I avoided her

    18、 during school all day, and I still dont feel like responding to any of her online messages. The stress of this situation is killing me, and Im at a loss _20_ to do next.(2021江苏常州市武进区礼嘉中学高一期中)阅读下面短文,在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。“Dont judge a book by _21_ (it)cover,” the old saying goes. _22_ (fortunate)

    19、, as a teenager, that is often exactly what you do to yourself. Dark thoughts about your physical appearance can hang over you all the time like a rain cloud. Do I look fat in these jeans? Do others think I am too short? Is everyone laughing at my new hairstyle behind my back? These thoughts can hav

    20、e a negative effect on people of any shape or size, both _23_ and female, and it is important to guard against the causes behind them. Standards of beauty in the media can have a big influence on _24_you think of your physical appearance. Teens _25_try to copy the looks of their favourite stars are

    21、fighting a _26_ (lose) battle-these standards are simply impossible for most of the population to live up to. Your friends also influence the way in_27_you view your physical appearance. If you have friends who are good-looking or have a great fashion sense, it can feel like you are living in their

    22、shadow. For children of the digital age, social media makes this problem even _28_(bad). Your friends may post a never-ending series of photos online to show _29_ their beautiful dresses or strong bodies, and it becomes easier for you to compare _30_ (you) to them. This has proved to have a negative

    23、 effect(2021江苏省前黄高级中学高一期中)阅读下面短文,在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。One aspect of the COVID-19 pandemic that _31_(keep) us guessing since the early days is why some people who get the virus dont suffer much and others become _32_(desperate) ill. All the more, while the elderly, someeven centenarians survive,

    24、whereas countless younger people, _33_immune systems are supposed to be stronger, have been seriously affected. So what factors give some people a stronger immune system _34_ others, regardless of age? Our immune systems slowly decline _35_ we age. Think of a photo of yourself from ten years ago ver

    25、sus one _36_(take) this afternoon. “You see changes in your face, skin, and hair color,” says Insoo Kang, MD, director of allergy and immunology at the Yale School of Medicine. “It takes time. It is the same process with your immune system.” The difference in the rate of decline between individuals

    26、is one of sciences big _37_(mystery). The immune system is complex, but most of us understand the basics. _38_(fortune), we wont always be in a pandemic. But we can use this one to gain an _39_ (understand) of how the immune system changes with age and how we might slow the decline and _40_ (strong)

    27、 our immune system in the future.(2021江苏海安县实验中学高一期中)阅读下面短文,在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。Every year, at the end of October, tens of thousands of people flock to a Buddhist temple in China to see a huge gingko biloba tree (银杏树) drop its foliage (枝叶) and turn _41_ temple from green to gold. The Gu Guanyin

    28、Buddhist temple, _42_ (locate) in the Zhongnan Mountains of Chinas Shaanxi Province is home _43_ a 1,400-year-old gingko biloba tree. It was planted for the Tang dynasty (618-907) emperor Li Shimin, _44_ is one of the _45_ (great) rulers in Chine history. It towers superbly over the temple, _46_ for

    29、 a few days every autumn, it rains down a gold carpet of _47_ (leaf) that stands out against the muted tones of the season. Because of its _48_ (strike) appearance, it has been called the worlds most beautiful gingko biloba tree, and _49_ (become) a tourist attraction in its own right.Due to the inc

    30、reasing _50_ (popular) of is ancient gingko biloba tree, the Gu Guanyin Buddhist temple has reportedly increased daily visitor capacity to around 7,200, between 8 in the morning until 5 in the afternoon.(2022江苏常州市第一中学高一期中)阅读下面短文,在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。The software maker on Thursday_51_(release)the

    31、 findings from its 2021 Global Emoji Trend Report ahead of World Emoji Day on Saturday, The laugh out loud face is_52_(official)the worlds most popular emoji, according to researchers from Adobe(ADBE)_53_surveyed 7,000 users across the United States, the United Kingdom, Germany, France, Japan, Austr

    32、alia,_54_South Korea. The vast_55_(major)of emoji users(90%)believe this make_56_easier for them to express themselves. Eighty-nine percent said emojis simplify communicating across language_57_(barrier). And 67% said they think people who use emojis are friendlier, funnier and cooler than those who

    33、 dont.Some users said they are more comfortable_58_(express)emotions through emojis than talking on the phone or in-person. More than half of global emoji users(55%)said_59_(use)emojis in communications has_60_ (positive)impacted their mental health.(2021江苏苏州中学高一期中)阅读下面短文,在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。Pa

    34、rents often complain about the junk(垃圾) that pops up in the form of game-related push notices on smartphones where their kids play video games. In fact, that happens because app developers take advantage _61_ algorithms(演算法) to get more hits and reading counts, _62_ they believe increase their data

    35、flow and trick users to visit their pages. However, this kind of “smartness” is bad for users, _63_ the information sent this way is rarely of any educational value. Once children get trapped in this “information cocoon”, it isnt _64_(benefit) to their learning process.To prevent that from happening

    36、, market regulators need to _65_(strong) management of app algorithms and they could also improve the technology to prevent users from getting addicted to junk information. Additionally, the laws must _66_(make) so that smart phone apps dont continue helping those advertisers _67_ target is to make

    37、profit by spreading junk. Although increased data flow is meant _68_(attract) commercial advertisements, media outlets shouldnt pursue profit at the cost of youngsters mental _69_(grow). Finally, children need to be taught how to tell junk from useful information, thus keeping them _70_(concentrate)

    38、 on the right thing.For that to happen, both schools and parents need to make joint efforts to teach them how to use apps to broaden their knowledge and avoid getting lost in the ocean of useless information.(2021江苏东海县教育局教研室高一期中)阅读下面短文,在空白处填入1个适当的单词或用括号内单词的正确形式填空。You may ask what potential is. Poten

    39、tial is your natural ability _71_ can be developed when you try hard. Who knows what beautiful art you will create, what medical advances you will make or what _72_(amaze)technologies you will develop! The possibilities are endless, and you can make _73_ difference to your family, to your community

    40、and our country. Over the next three years, your potential _74_(discover)while you develop as a student and as a person. To fully realize your potential, it is _75_(definite)important for you to make the most of our school resources. Join a club or two, and make good friends with people around you.

    41、But remember a good friend should have some good _76_(quality). A good friend needs to be supportive, generous and selfless. If he is having difficulty _77_(balance)his project and his schoolwork, you must respect and support the choices he makes. When he _78_(struggle)with his schoolwork, you shoul

    42、d help him become a more efficient learner. As a senior high school student, you must make efforts _79_(improve)your communication and problem-solving skills. Never lose hope, even in difficult situations. In time you will find _80_(you)growing into a well-rounded individual. Do your best!(2021江苏东海县

    43、教育局教研室高一期中)阅读下面短文,在空白处填入1个适当的单词或用括号内单词的正确形式填空。Chinas deep-sea manned submersible (潜水器) “Fendouzhe” went down to 10,909 meters in the Mariana Trench on Tuesday.Three divers sent back a group photo with each person _81_ (carry) a food plate in their hand after four hours of the task. That spot is know

    44、n as the Challenger Deep, with the water pressure of 110 KPa, equal _82_ the pressure of 2,000 African elephants.The submersible uses titanium (钛) a perfect material _83_ allows the submersible not only to bear water pressure at 10,000 meters, _84_ also to reduce self mass (质量) and expand inside spa

    45、ce. _85_ (power) by a lithium (锂) battery, “Fendouzhe” can unload equipment onboard and pick up samples from the _86_ (surround) environment with its flexible robotic arms.Chinas first deep-sea manned submersible. “Jiaolong”, went 7,062 meters down into the Mariana Trench in 2012. “ShenhaiYongshi” i

    46、s the second manned submersible that can reach a(n) _87_ (deep) of 4, 500 meters. Ninety-five percent of technology components applied on the second generation submersible are made in China. The “Fendouzhe” project _88_ (launch) back in 2016, with some of the best submersible engineers in China _89_

    47、 (involve). It is _90_ (smart) for carrying three researchers to more than 10,000 meters deep than “ShenhaiYongshi”.(2021江苏扬州高一期中)阅读下面短文,在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。The eco-friendly tea gardens in Puer, Southwest Chinas Yunnan Province, have resulted _91_ many environmental and economic benefits for th

    48、e city. The tea gardens produce green, organic, safe, and high-quality teas that are characterized by growing many plant species _92_ the use of fertilizers or pesticides (化肥或农药). Such gardens are _93_ (benefit) to the ecosystem, the protection of soil and water, the microclimate within the garden,

    49、and the sustainable development of the tea industry, _94_ is Puers No. 1 pillar industry. Requiring low consumption (消耗) of natural resources, tea production _95_ (regard) as a green industry with high added value. That means more than half the citys yearly GDP comes from tea. In 2010, the citys Par

    50、ty committee carried out a project to build eco-friendly tea gardens, _96_ (change) all such tea gardens across the city in the following three years. Each tea garden is required _97_ (plant) eight to ten species that will provide shade for 30 percent of each 0.067 hectare plot. Ever since the proje

    51、ct was carried out, it _98_ (improve) the environment in the tea gardens, and prevented the use of chemical fertilizers and pesticides. The project has also helped to _99_ (continue) improve the quality of tea, raising the _100_ (earn) of businesses and tea farmers.(2021江苏楚州中学高一期中)阅读下面短文,在空白处填入1个适当的

    52、单词或括号内单词的正确形式。When you step into a new environment, fitting in means making more friends and _101_(get)more chances to live a happier life. Here_102_(be)some advice that can help you.Firstly, confidence plays_103_important part and attracts most people. You re expected to spend some time_104_(think)

    53、 about your strengths. If so, you will be able to build up confidence step by step. Secondly,_105_(kind) is the bridge_106_your own happiness. Always give more than you receive, and remember a person _107_cares for others is popular everywhere. Thirdly, be active in different group_108_(activity), w

    54、hich can help you add more friends to your circle and see how much they like you. Last but not least, a pleasant smile costs the least and does the_109_(much).If you follow what is mentioned above, you_110_(accept)by people around you.(2021江苏南京高一期中)语法填空Solar terms, also called Jieqi in Chinese, are

    55、24 special days in the traditional Chinese calendar, _111_(know) as the “fifth great invention” of China, solar terms show the Chinese wisdom of dividing time.Solar terms first_112_(appear) over 2,500 years ago. The Yellow River Basin, is the cradle of them_113_(original), the region was Chinas majo

    56、r political, economic, cultural and agricultural center. Until the Western Han Dynasty, the 24 solar terms were well established.Created by farmers, 24 solar terms_114_(use) to guide farming in ancient China,_115_indicate certain changes in seasons and climate.In ancient times, these solar terms all

    57、owed farms to know what conditions_116_(expect) and what farming_117_(active) to carry out during different period of a year. Whats more, most of the solar terms have rich social and cultural meanings. For example, people eat pears on the Waking of Insects and dumplings on the Winter Solstice.Today,

    58、 in the time of modern farming, traditional solar terms remain _118_ (importance).They remind us that nature is changing _119_ its rate, and they reflect the relationship between humans and nature in_120_ understanding of Chinese people.(2021江苏苏州市相城区陆慕高级中学高一期中)阅读下面材料,在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。Alt

    59、hough sometimes being left alone may lead to reflection and personal_121_(improve), we cant live without friendship.Close friendships may comfort the heart, advise the head and help us_122_(achieve)the goals we set for ourselves.Firstly,we can get peace by sharing with friends our joy, sadness and f

    60、ailure.Sharing makes happiness take_123_a greater meaning and a trouble shared become a trouble_124_(half).Secondly, through conversations with friends_125_are wise and well-meaning, a better understanding and judgement may be achieved.Also_126_(prepare)to talk with a friend makes our thoughts clear

    61、er and our understandings_127_(thorough).Moreover,friends with different skills and ideas can provide us with help in many different ways during our life and,perhaps, _128_after death.However, _129_must be pointed that friends should be carefully chosen and relationships carefully developed.With_130

    62、_comfort, advice and help from our trusted friends, we can live a better life.(2021江苏南京高一期中)阅读下面短文,在空白处填入适1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。How can people live in a country for years and not learn the language? Id heard of such people and, if Im_131_(complete) honest, I judged them. Then, the time came for me to m

    63、ove to China and I decided I wouldnt waste my opportunity_132_others.After two years, Im embarrassed to report that Ive not made significant progress._133_I work mostly with Chinese colleagues_134_offer to help me, I simply dont make the time. Why, though? How is it possible? Well, life is so intere

    64、sting in Beijing that I get _135_ (catch) up in anything and everything else. One would think that living in a foreign country would practically press you_136_ (study) the language, but its more complex than that. First, when your job is to use your native language, the majority of your day _137_ (s

    65、pend) in and around native language material. Second, lets not forget that we live in the _138_(advance) era (时代) of translation apps. Yes, it is easy indeed to go about the majority of your day and not hear or need to use much Chinese at all. Thirdly, it must be recognized that learning_139_new lan

    66、guage takes time. In short, it has taught me how to abandon my opinions about how people “should” interact with the world. It has increased my _140_ (able) to empathize(共情).(2021江苏常州高一期中)阅读下面短文,在空白处填入1 个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。Nowadays, more and more parents pay great attention to their children. However,

    67、we find _141_ common that parents and children lack (缺乏) communication.More than one reason contributes _142_ the problem.To begin with, the reason why parents spend _143_ (little) time with students is that the heavier social pressure often makes children _144_ (ignore) by their parents. The second

    68、, although parents want to talk with their children, some of them dont know much about the skills of communication or the necessary knowledge of education, which will be _145_ (effect) on communication. However, the most important reason _146_ can be found may be the traditional ideas of authority (

    69、权威) most parents have. Thus, when _147_ (face) the children, parents are not _148_ (like) to communicate with them as friends.To sum up, the solution _149_ (concern) the problem is to diminish (减少) the gap between parents and children. Therefore, in order to make a better atmosphere _150_ the childr

    70、en grow up, the parents should ensure the stability (稳定) of the family and act as good friends to the children.参考答案:1happened2that3recognition4reasonable5explanations6be recalled7a8Whether9on10earlier【分析】这是一篇说明文。短文主要介绍了关于人们为什么记不清楚早期发生的事情的三种解释。1考查时态。句意:很少有人能记得早年发生在他们身上的任何事情。根据“in their early years.”可

    71、知,定语从句的谓语发生在过去。故填happened。2考查定语从句。句意:大多数人只记得少数事件通常是有意义和独特的事件。分析句子可知,先行词为ones,作定语从句的主语,表示物,关系代词为that。故填that。3考查名词。句意:成年人对35年前和他们一起上高中的人的照片有很好的识别能力。have后接recognition作宾语,不可数名词。故填recognition。4考查形容词。句意:另一个看似合理的解释婴儿在发育的这个阶段没有形成持久的记忆也是不正确的。形容词reasonable修饰名词explanation作定语。 故填reasonable。5考查名词。句意:然而,其他三个解释似乎更

    72、有希望。根据“seem”可知,主语为复数名词explanations。故填explanations。6考查语态。句意:脑额叶的成熟过程贯穿整个幼儿期,大脑的这部分可能对记忆特定事件至关重要,这些事件可以在以后被回忆起来。ways为先行词,作定语从句的主语与谓语call为被动关系。故填be recalled。7考查冠词。句意:通过听故事有一个清晰的开头、中间和结尾,孩子们可以学会用他们多年后还能描述的方式来表达事件的想法。beginning为可数名词,泛指“一个清晰的开头”,clear首字母的发音为辅音音素。故填a。8考查连接词。句意:人们能否记住一件事,关键取决于他们之前对信息进行编码的方式和

    73、他们之后试图回忆的方式之间的契合。分析句子成分和句意可知,本句为主语从句,表示“是否”,连接词为whether。置于句首,首字母大写。故填Whether。9考查介词。句意:人们能否记住一件事,关键取决于他们早期对信息进行编码的方式和他们之后试图回忆的方式之间的契合。depend on“依靠”为固定短语。故填on。10考查比较级。句意:人们能否记住一件事,关键取决于他们早期对信息进行编码的方式和他们之后试图回忆的方式之间的契合。根据句意可知,空处需要用副词的比较级earlier。故填earlier。11who#that12has grown13broke14original15saying16i

    74、t17chatting18friends19with20what【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者和好朋友之间的矛盾。11考查定语从句。句意:当我还是一个小学生的时候,她是一个很受欢迎的女孩,她愿意和我交朋友。空格后是限制性定语从句,先行词为girl,指人,在定语从句中作主语,所以用关系代词who或that引导。故填who/that。12考查时态。句意:从那时起,我们之间产生了亲密的友谊。根据时间状语Since then可知,用现在完成时,主语a close friendship是单数名词,助动词用has。故填has grown。13考查时态。句意:但上周六,她伤了我的心,我还在收拾

    75、残局。根据时间状语last Saturday可知,用一般过去时。故填broke。14考查形容词。句意:我们最初的计划是那天下午去电影院看电影。根据句意,提示词作定语修饰名词plan,用形容词original,意为“最初的”。故填original。15考查非谓语动词。句意:但是早上,我的朋友在社交媒体上发布了一条消息,说她感冒了。分析句子可知,提示词是非谓语动词,与其逻辑主语my friend之间为主动关系,所以用现在分词,表主动。故填saying。16考查代词。句意:我打电话给她时,她说她可能去不了电影院了。make it“成功;达到预定目标”。故填it。17考查非谓语动词。句意:一个同学告诉

    76、我,星期六下午她看见我的朋友和另一个女孩在咖啡馆聊天。see sb. doing sth.看到某人正在做某事。故填chatting。18考查名词的格。句意:我朋友的“病”完全是一个谎言!根据句意,提示词作定语修饰名词illness,意为“朋友的病”,应用名词所有格形式作定语。故填friends。19考查介词。句意:她没有在家休养,而是出去和别人玩。have fun with“和玩得开心”。故填with。20考查特殊疑问词。句意:这种情况的压力快把我折磨死了,我不知道下一步该做什么。这里考查“特殊疑问词+to do”复合结构,结合句意可知,用疑问代词what。故填what。21its22Unfo

    77、rtunately23male24what25who#that26losing27which28worse29off30yourself【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章指出青少年很容易受到媒体和周围朋友的影响,对自己的外貌做出消极评价,进而产生消极情绪。21考查形容词性物主代词。句意:俗话说“不要以貌取人。”修饰空后名词cover“封面”应用形容词性物主代词。故填its。22考查副词。句意:不幸的是,作为一个青少年,这正是你常常对自己所做的事情。空处修饰后文整个句子,应用副词,结合上下文语境,表示“不幸的是”应用unfortunately。故填Unfortunately。23考查名词。句意:这些想

    78、法可能会对任何体型或身材的人产生负面影响,无论男女,防范这些想法背后的原因是很重要的。空处和后文female是并列结构,结合句意表达“男性”应用名词male。故填male。24考查连词。句意:媒体的审美标准对你如何看待自己的外表有很大的影响。空处引导宾语从句,从句谓语动词think缺少宾语,且指代事物,应用连接代词what。what do you think of.“你如何看待”。故填what。25考查定语从句。句意:那些试图模仿自己喜欢的明星外貌的青少年是在打一场必败的仗这些标准对大多数人来说是根本不可能达到的。空处引导定语从句,先行词为teens,指人,从句缺少主语,应用关系代词who/t

    79、hat引导。故填who/that。26考查形容词。句意:那些试图模仿自己喜欢的明星外貌的青少年是在打一场必败的仗这些标准对大多数人来说是根本不可能达到的。修饰空后名词battle应用形容词,表示“看来要输的,必败的”用losing。故填losing。27考查定语从句。句意:你的朋友也会影响你看待自己外表的方式。当先行词为the way“方式,方法”时,用in which/that引导定语从句,也可省略关系词;此处空前有in,故填which。28考查形容词比较级。句意:对于数字时代的孩子来说,社交媒体让这个问题更加严重。空处应用形容词作宾补,结合句意和even可知,此处应用bad的比较级wors

    80、e。故填worse。29考查固定短语。句意:你的朋友可能会在网上发布一系列永无止境的照片来炫耀他们美丽的衣服或强壮的身体,这样你就更容易与他们进行比较了。结合句意表示“炫耀”应用show off。故填off。30考查代词。句意:你的朋友可能会在网上发布一系列永无止境的照片来炫耀他们美丽的衣服或强壮的身体,这样你就更容易与他们进行比较了。当宾语和逻辑主语所指相同时,宾语应用反身代词,表示“你自己”应用yourself。故填yourself。【点睛】31has kept32desperately33whose34than35as36taken37mysteries38Fortunately39un

    81、derstanding40strengthen【分析】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍研究人员对于人体免疫力变化的研究。31考查时态。句意:从早期开始就让我们一直猜测的新冠疫情的一方面原因是因为有些感染病毒的人没有遭受多少痛苦,而其他人却得了重病。分析句子结构可知,此处缺少定语从句的谓语动词,结合后边的时间状语since the early days 可知,此处要使用现在完成时,先行词为one aspect可数名词单数,从句谓语单数形式。故填has kept。32考查副词。句意:从早期开始就让我们一直猜测的新冠疫情的一方面原因是因为有些感染病毒的人没有遭受多少痛苦,而其他人却得了重病。修饰形容词

    82、ill应使用副词。故填desperately。33考查定语从句。句意:重要的是,老年人甚至是百岁老人幸存下来,而无数免疫系统更强大的年轻人却受到了严重影响。分析句子结构可知,此处使用非限制性定语从句,先行词younger people在从句中作immune systems的定语,使用关系代词whose。故填whose。34考查连词。句意:那么,是什么因素使一些人的免疫系统比其他人更强大呢?根据空前的形容词比较级stronger可知,空处应使用than,表达“比更强大”之意。故填than。35考查连词。句意:随着年龄的增长,我们的免疫系统逐渐衰退。结合句子可知,空处应使用as引导时间状语从句,表

    83、达“随着”之意。故填as。36考查非谓语动词。句意:想想你自己十年前的照片和今天下午拍的照片对比一下。分析句子结构可知,本句中已含有谓语Think of,此处使用非谓语动词,one指代photo与take之间为被动关系,要使用过去分词作后置定语。故填taken。37考查名词复数。句意:个体下降速度的差异是科学的一个大谜团之一。one of+可数名词复数,为固定用法,意为“之一”。故填mysteries。38考查副词。句意:幸运地是,我们不会总是处于流行病之中。分析句子结构可知,此处需要使用副词作状语修饰整个句子,句子首字母大写。故填Fortunately。39考查名词。句意:但是我们可以利用这

    84、来了解免疫系统如何随着年龄的增长而变化,以及未来我们可能如何减缓衰退和加强我们的免疫系统。分析句子结构可知,冠词an后缺少单数名词作宾语。故填understanding。40考查动词原形。句意:但是我们可以利用这来了解免疫系统如何随着年龄的增长而变化,以及未来我们可能如何减缓衰退和加强我们的免疫系统。分析句子结构可知,此处要使用谓语动词,且情态动词might后面应使用动词原形。故填strengthen。41the42located43to44who45greatest46and47leaves48striking49has become50popularity【分析】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介

    85、绍了每年十月底,成千上万的人涌向中国的一座佛教寺庙顾观音佛寺,观看一棵巨大的银杏树掉下叶子,树叶把寺庙从绿色变成金色。41考查冠词。句意:每年十月底,成千上万的人涌向中国的一座佛教寺庙,观看一棵巨大的银杏树掉下叶子,把寺庙从绿色变成金色。特指“这座寺庙”,用定冠词。故填the。42考查过去分词。句意:顾观音佛寺位于中国陕西省终南山,有一棵1400年历史的银杏树。be located in位于,坐落于,该短语是固定短语,用过去分词作状语。故填located。43考查固定短语。句意:顾观音佛寺位于中国陕西省终南山,有一棵1400年历史的银杏树。be home to“为的所在地”,该短语是固定短语。

    86、故填to。44考查定语从句。句意:它是为唐朝(618-907)皇帝李世民种植的,他是中国历史上最伟大的统治者之一。分析句子结构,4 is one of the 5 (great) rulers in Chine history.是一个非限制性定语从句,修饰先行词Li Shimin,关系词在从句中作主语,指人,用who引导该从句,that不能引导非限制性定语从句。故填who。45考查形容词最高级。句意:它是为唐朝(618-907)皇帝李世民种植的,他是中国历史上最伟大的统治者之一。one of the + 形容词最高级 + 可数名词复数,表示“最之一”,该用法是固定用法。故填greatest。4

    87、6考查连词。句意:它高耸在寺庙之上,每年秋天都会有那么几天,它会像金色的落叶地毯一样落下,与淡漠的季节相衬。“It towers superbly over the temple”和“for a few days every autumn, it rains down a gold carpet of 7 (leaf) that stands out against the muted tones of the season.”之间是并列关系,用连词and。故填and。47考查名词的数。句意:它高耸在寺庙之上,每年秋天都会有那么几天,它会像金色的落叶地毯一样落下,与淡漠的季节相衬。“落叶地毯”

    88、是复数意义,用名词复数。故填leaves。48考查形容词。句意:由于其惊人的外观,它被称为世界上最美丽的银杏树,并已成为一个旅游景点。该空修饰名词appearance,用形容词striking“惊人的”。故填striking。49考查时态。句意:由于其惊人的外观,它被称为世界上最美丽的银杏树,并已成为一个旅游景点。根据前一个谓语动词“has been called”可知,用现在完成时,主语是第三人称单数,谓语动词用单数。故填has become。50考查名词。句意:据报道,由于古老的银杏树越来越受欢迎,顾观音佛寺从早上8点到下午5点,每天的游客人数增加到约7200人。due to“由于”,介词

    89、短语,后接名词作宾语。故填popularity。51released52officially53who/that54and55majority56it57barriers58expressing59using60positively【分析】本文是一篇新闻报道,主要讲的是该软件制造商周四发布了2021年全球表情符号趋势报告的调查结果,赶在周六的世界表情符号日之前。51考查时态。句意:该软件制造商周四发布了2021年全球表情符号趋势报告的调查结果,赶在周六的世界表情符号日之前。由“on Thursday”可知,句子时态用一般过去时,因此空格处用过去式released,故填released。52考查

    90、副词。句意:Adobe公司的研究人员对美国、英国、德国、法国、日本、澳大利亚和韩国的7000名用户进行了调查,发现“笑出来”表情正式成为世界上最受欢迎的表情符号。空格处用副词officially作状语,故填officially。53考查定语从句的引导词。句意:Adobe公司的研究人员对美国、英国、德国、法国、日本、澳大利亚和韩国的7000名用户进行了调查,发现“笑出来”表情正式成为世界上最受欢迎的表情符号。分析句子结构可知,空格处引导定语从句,从句中缺少主语,先行词“researchers”是人,因此空格处用关系代词who/that,故填who/that。54考查连词。句意:Adobe公司的研

    91、究人员对美国、英国、德国、法国、日本、澳大利亚和韩国的7000名用户进行了调查,发现“笑出来”表情正式成为世界上最受欢迎的表情符号。分析句子结构可知,the United States, the United Kingdom, Germany, France, Japan, Australia和South Korea是并列关系,因此空格处用表示并列的连词and,故填and。55考查名词。句意:绝大多数的表情符号用户(90%)认为这让他们更容易表达自己。“vast”是形容词,修饰名词,空格处用名词“majority”,the majority of意为“大多数的”,故填majority。56考查

    92、代词。句意:绝大多数的表情符号用户(90%)认为这让他们更容易表达自己。make it easy for sb. to do sth.是固定短语,意为“使某人容易做某事”,其中it是形式宾语,真正的宾语是不定式,故填it。57考查名词的复数。句意:89%的人认为表情符号简化了跨越语言障碍的交流。“barrier”是可数名词,前面无冠词,因此空格处用复数,故填barriers。58考查现在分词。句意:一些用户表示,比起打电话或面对面交谈,他们更喜欢通过表情符号来表达情感。由后面的“than talking”可知,空格处用现在分词,作非谓语动词,表主动,故填expressing。59考查动名词。句

    93、意:全球超过一半(55%)的表情符号用户表示,在交流中使用表情符号对他们的心理健康产生了积极影响。分析句子结构可知,空格处用动名词using作“said”后的宾语从句中的主语,故填using。60考查副词。句意:全球超过一半(55%)的表情符号用户表示,在交流中使用表情符号对他们的心理健康产生了积极影响。空格处用副词positively修饰动词“impacted”,“positively”意为“积极地”,故填positively。61of62which63because#as#for#since64beneficial65strengthen66be made67whose68to attra

    94、ct69growth70concentrating【分析】这是一篇说明文。文章主要以“孩子在玩电子游戏的智能手机上弹出游戏相关的推送通知”为话题进行说明,开发商这样做是为了增加数据流,但是这样做对于孩子来说弊大于益。为了避免这种形式的“吸流”,市场监管应该加强应用程序算法的管理,制定法律法规防止“垃圾推送”;学校和家长需要共同努力,教他们如何使用应用程序来扩大他们的知识,避免迷失在无用信息的海洋中。61考查固定短语。句意:事实上,这是因为应用程序开发人员利用算法获得更多点击率和阅读计数,他们认为这增加了数据流,欺骗用户访问他们的页面。“take advantage of”,固定短语,意为“利用

    95、”。故填of。62考查非限制性定语从句引导词。句意:事实上,这是因为应用程序开发人员利用算法获得更多点击率和阅读计数,他们认为这增加了数据流,欺骗用户访问他们的页面。分析可知,“_2_ they believe increase their data flow and trick users to visit their pages”为非限制性定语从句,先行词为之前主句,在从句中作动词“believe”的宾语,应是which引导从句。故填which。63考查原因状语从句引导词。句意:然而,这种“智能”对用户是有害的,因为这种方式发送的信息很少有教育价值。分析可知,后文“the informat

    96、ion sent this way is rarely of any educational value(以这种方式发送的信息很少有教育价值)”与前文“this kind of smartness is bad for users(这种“智能”对用户是有害的)”之间为因果关系,设空应是逻辑连词表示原因的连词because/as/for/since。故填because/as/for/since。64考查形容词。句意:一旦孩子们被困在这个“信息茧”中,这对他们的学习过程是没有好处的。分析可知,所填空应是形容词作表语。“benefit”,名词,意为“益处”,其形容词为“beneficial(有益的)

    97、”。故填beneficial。65考查动词。句意:为了防止这种情况的发生,市场监管机构需要加强对应用程序算法的管理,他们也可以改进技术,防止用户沉迷于垃圾信息。分析可知,“need to do sth”,“需要做某事”,所填空应是动词原形。“strong”,形容词,意为“强壮的”,其动词形式为“strengthen”,意为“加强;巩固”。故填strengthen。66考查被动语态。句意:此外,必须制定法律,以防止智能手机应用程序继续帮助那些目标是通过传播垃圾信息来盈利的广告商。分析可知,所填空与空前“must”作复合谓语,动词“make”意为“制定”,与主语“the laws(法律)”之间为被

    98、动关系,应是含有情态动词的被动结构:must be done。故填be made。67考查定语从句引导词。句意:此外,必须制定法律,以防止智能手机应用程序继续帮助那些目标是通过传播垃圾信息来盈利的广告商。分析可知,“_7_target is to make profit by spreading junk”为之前名词“those advertisers(那些广告商)”的定语从句,先行词在从句中作定语,与空后“target(目标;目的)”之间为所属关系,应是关系代词whose引导从句。故填whose。68考查固定短语。句意:虽然增加的数据流旨在吸引商业广告,媒体不应该以牺牲青少年的心理成长为代价

    99、来追求利润。分析可知,“be meant to do”,意为“目的是;旨在”。故填to attract。69考查名词。句意:虽然增加的数据流旨在吸引商业广告,媒体不应该以牺牲青少年的心理成长为代价来追求利润。分析可知,空前“mental”为形容词,作定语修饰名词,因此所填空应是名词。“grow”,动词,意为“生长;成长”,其名词形式为“growth(成长)”,不可数名词。故填growth。70考查非谓语。句意:最后,需要教孩子们如何区分有用信息和垃圾信息,从而使他们集中精力在正确的事情上。“keep sb. doing”,固定短语,意为“让某人一直做某事;让某人持续做某事”,“doing”为现

    100、在分词作宾语补足语。故填concentrating。71that#which72amazing73a74will be discovered75definitely76qualities77balancing78struggles#is struggling79to improve80yourself【分析】本文是应用文。主要号召大家挖掘最大潜力,做最好的自己。71考查连词。句意:潜力就是当你努力时就可以形成的本能的能力。根据句子结构和意思可知,这里考查限制性定语从句,先行词是“your natural ability”,在定语从句“can be developed when you try

    101、hard”中做主语,指物。故填that/which。72考查形容词。句意:谁也不知道你将会创造多么美丽的画作,你将会让医学进步多少,或者你将会研发多么令人吃惊的科技!根据句子结构和意思可知,这里考查形容词“amazing”令人吃惊的意思,作定语修饰后面的名词“technologies”。故填amazing。73考查冠词。句意:可能性是无穷尽的,并且你可以对你的家庭,你的社区和我们的国家做出很大贡献。根据句子结构和意思可知,这里考查固定短语“make a difference”使不同,有影响的意思。故填a。74考查谓语。句意:在接下来的3年里,当你作为一个学生或者人发展自己的时候,你的潜力将会被

    102、发现。根据句子“Over the next three years”开头的时间状语和意思可知,这里考查一般将来时的被动形式。故填will be discovered。75考查副词。句意:要想完全地实现你的潜力,充分利用我们学校的资源对你来说就很重要了。根据句子结构和意思可知,这里考查副词,修饰后面的形容词“important”。故填definitely。76考查名词。句意:但是,要记得好朋友应该有一些好的品质。根据句子结构和意思可知,因为此空前面被“some”修饰,“quality”是可数名词,所以这里要用名词复数形式。故填qualities。77考查非谓语。句意:如果他在平衡他的项目和学校工

    103、作上有困难,你必须尊重并支持他做的决定。根据句子结构和意思可知,这里考查固定短语“have difficulty(in)doing sth.”在做某事上有困难的意思。故填balancing。78考查谓语。句意:当他在学校工作上挣扎时,你应该帮助他变成一个更加有效率的学习者。根据句子结构和意思可知,这里考查一般现在时或者现在进行时的谓语动词,因为主语是“he”,所以谓语动词要用第三人称单数形式。故填struggles/is struggling。79考查非谓语。句意:作为一名高中生,你必须努力提高你的交流能力和解决问题的能力。根据句子结构和意思可知,这里考查固定短语“make efforts t

    104、o do sth.”努力做某事的意思。故填to improve。80考查代词。句意:早晚有一天,你会发现你自己成长为一个全面的个体。根据句子结构和意思可知,这里考查反身代词,表示某人自己的意思。故填yourself。81carrying82to83that#which84but85Powered86surrounding87depth88was launched89involved90smarter【分析】本文是一篇新闻报道。文章介绍了周二,中国深海载人潜水器 “Fendouzhe”号在马里亚纳海沟下降到10909米,这是一个历史性的突破。同时文章还介绍了中国深海探索的其它发展历史和潜水器建造

    105、的相关信息。81考查非谓语动词。句意:三名潜水员发回了一张合影,每个人在完成四个小时的任务后,手里都拿着一个食物盘。with复合结构,此处和前面名词each person构成主动关系,用现在分词形式。故填carrying。82考查介词。句意:该地点被称为挑战者号深水区,水压为110千帕,相当于2000头非洲象的水压。固定短语be equal to“等于或相当于”,to为介词。故填to。83考查定语从句。句意:潜水器使用钛这是一种完美的材料,使潜水器不仅能承受10000米的水压,还能减少自身质量扩大内部空间。分析句子结构,此句为限定性定语从句,先行词titanium (钛),在从句作主语,应用关

    106、系代词that或which引导。故填that或which。84考查连词。句意:潜水器使用钛这是一种完美的材料,使潜水器不仅能承受10000米的水压,还能减少自身质量扩大内部空间。根据句意可知,此处表达“不仅而且”,用not onlybut also,固定搭配。故填but。85考查非谓语动词。句意:由锂电池驱动“Fendouzhe”可以卸下船上的设备,并用其灵活的机械臂从周围环境中提取样本。分析句子结构,结合后文by a lithium (锂) battery,此处和主句主语Fendouzhe是逻辑动宾关系,应用过去分词,表被动。故填Powered。86考查形容词。句意:由锂电池驱动“Fendo

    107、uzhe”可以卸下船上的设备,并用其灵活的机械臂从周围环境中提取样本。此处修饰后面名词environment,应用形容词,作前置定语,surrounding“周围的”符合题意。故填surrounding。87考查名词。句意:“神海永世”号是第二艘可以到达4500米深度的载人潜水器。根据前面动词reach和后面介词of可知,此处应该用名词,作宾语,depth“深度”符合题意。故填depth。88考查动词时态及语态。句意:“Fendouzhe”项目于2016年启动,一些中国最好的潜水器工程师参与了该项目。根据时间状语从句中的in 2016可知,谓语动词用一般过去时,与主语是被动关系,应用一般过去时

    108、的被动语态。故填was launched。89考查非谓语动词。句意:“Fendouzhe”项目于2016年启动,一些中国最好的潜水器工程师参与了该项目。分析句子结构,此处为with复合结构,involve与some of the best submersible engineers in China是逻辑动宾关系,应用过去分词,表被动。故填involved。90考查形容词比较级。句意:携带三名研究人员到一万多米深比“神海永石”更聪明。根据语境分析,结合第二个than可知,此处表达“更聪明”,应用形容词smart的比较级。故填smarter。91in92without93beneficial94

    109、which95is regarded96changing97to plant98has improved99continuously100earnings【分析】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了中国西南部云南省普洱市的生态友好型茶园。91考查固定短语。句意:中国西南部云南省普洱市的生态友好型茶园为该市带来了许多环境和经济效益。result in为固定短语,意为“导致,结果是”。故填in。92考查介词。句意:茶园生产绿色、有机、安全、高品质的茶叶,其特点是种植多种植物而不使用化肥或农药。此处表示“没有”,需用介词without。故填without。93考查形容词。句意:这样的园林有利于生态系统、水

    110、土保护、园内小气候以及作为普洱第一支柱产业的茶业的可持续发展。are为系动词,后面需加形容词作表语。故填beneficial。94考查定语从句。句意同上。空处引导非限制性定语从句,先行词指代前面整个句子,再定语从句中作主语,需用关系代词which引导。故填which。95考查动词时态语态和主谓一致。句意:茶叶生产对自然资源消耗低,被认为是具有高附加值的绿色产业。此处陈述客观事实,使用一般现在时,主语tea production和regard为被动关系,需用被动语态,主语为tea production,谓语动词使用第三人称单数形式。故填is regarded。96考查非谓语动词。句意:2010年

    111、,市委开展了生态友好茶园建设项目,在接下来的三年里改变了全市所有的生态友好茶园。空处需填非谓语动词作状语,the citys Party committee和change为逻辑上的主谓关系,需用现在分词形式。故填changing。97考查非谓语动词。句意:每个茶园需要种植8到10种茶树,为每0.067公顷的土地提供30%的阴凉。Require sb./sth. to do sth.为固定用法,表示“需要某人/某事做某事”,此处为动词不定式。故填to plant。98考查动词时态和主谓一致。句意:项目实施以来,改善了茶园环境,避免了化肥和农药的使用。根据“Ever since”可知,此处使用现在

    112、完成时,主语为it,助动词用has。故填has improved。99考查副词。句意:该项目还有助于不断提高茶叶质量,提高企业和茶农的收入。修饰动词improve需用副词作状语。故填continuously。100考查名词。句意同上。定冠词the修饰名词,空处需填名词earning,结合“of businesses and tea farmers”可知,使用名词复数形式。故填earnings。101getting102is103an104thinking105kindness106to107who#that108activities109most110will be accepted【分析】这

    113、是一篇说明文。文章主要就进入新的环境,如何结交更多的朋友提出了一些建议。101考查非谓语动词。句意:当你进入一个新的环境,适应意味着结交更多的朋友,有更多的机会过上更快乐的生活。结合句意表示“意味着做某事”可知短语为mean doing sth.,and 连接并列动名词。故填getting。102考查主谓一致。句意:这里有一些建议可以帮助你。此处陈述客观事实用一般现在时,主语为不可数名词advice,谓语用单数。故填is。103考查冠词。句意:首先,自信扮演着重要的角色,吸引着大多数人。结合句意表示“扮演着重要的角色”短语为play an important part,important的发音

    114、为元音音素开头,应用an。故填an。104考查非谓语动词。句意:你需要花些时间思考自己的长处。此处为spend time doing,表示“花费时间做某事”,用动名词做宾语。故填thinking。105考查名词。句意:其次,善良是通向幸福的桥梁。名词做主语,kindness抽象名词,不可数。故填kindness。106考查介词。句意:其次,善良是通向幸福的桥梁。结合句意表示“通往的桥梁”短语为the bridge to。故填to。107考查定语从句。句意:永远给予多于接受,记住一个关心别人的人到哪里都是受欢迎的。此处为定语从句修饰先行词person,先行词在从句中作主语,指人,故用关系代词wh

    115、o或that引导。故填who/that。108考查名词的数。句意:第三,积极参加各种小组活动,这可以帮助你增加更多的朋友到你的圈子,看看他们有多喜欢你。activity为可数名词,结合上文various可知用复数形式。故填activities。109考查最高级。句意:最后但并非最不重要的是,一个愉快的微笑花费最少,回报最多。结合上文the least可知用much最高级形式。故填most。110考查时态语态。句意:如果你遵循上面提到的,你会被周围的人接受。if引导的条件状语从句,时态遵循“主将从现”原则,且accept与主语you构成被动关系,故用一般将来时的被动语态。故填will be ac

    116、cepted。【点睛】111known112appeared113originally114are used115which116to be expected117actively118important119for120the【分析】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了中国的节气,介绍了节气的起源以及发展和重要性。111考查固定短语。句意:节气是中国传统历法中24个特殊的日子,被称为中国的“第五项伟大发明”,节气显示了中国人划分时间的智慧。结合句意表示“被称为”可知短语为be known as,此处省略be动词,用过去分词作状语。故填known。112考查时态。句意:节气最早出现在2500多年前。

    117、根据后文over 2,500 years ago可知用一般过去时。故填appeared。113考查副词。句意:黄河流域,起初是他们的摇篮,该地区是中国主要的政治、经济、文化和农业中心。修饰谓语动词应用副词originally,作状语。故填originally。114考查时态和语态。句意:由农民创造的24节气是中国古代用来指导农业的,它们表示季节和气候的某些变化。此处主语与谓语构成被动关系,且陈述客观事实用一般现在时的被动语态,主语为24 solar terms,谓语用复数。故填are used。115考查非谓语动词。句意:由农民创造的24节气是中国古代用来指导农业的,它们表示季节和气候的某些变

    118、化。此处为非限制性定语从句修饰先行词24 solar terms,先行词在从句中作主语,指物,用关系代词which引导,that不能引导非限制性定语从句。故填which。116考查非谓语动词。句意:在古代,这些节气可以让农场知道在一年的不同时期应该有什么条件,应该积极开展什么耕作。此处为“疑问词+不定式”作宾语,且condition与expect构成被动关系,应用to be done形式。故填to be expected。117考查副词。句意:在古代,这些节气可以让农场知道在一年的不同时期应该有什么条件,应该积极开展什么耕作。此处修饰动词短语carry out,应用副词actively,故填a

    119、ctively。118考查形容词。句意:今天,在现代农业时代,传统节气仍然很重要。作表语,表示“重要的”应用形容词important。故填important。119考查介词。句意:它们提醒我们自然在以其速度变化,反映了中国人对人与自然关系的理解。结合句意表示“以速度”可知短语为for rate。故填for。120考查冠词。句意:它们提醒我们自然在以其速度变化,反映了中国人对人与自然关系的理解。结合句意表示“对的理解”短语为in the understanding of。故填the。121improvement122to achieve#achieve123on124halved125who#t

    120、hat126preparing127more thorough128even129it130the【分析】这是一篇说明文。本文阐述了友谊的重要性,人际关系应该精心发展。121考查名词。句意:虽然有时独处可能会导致个人的反思和进步,但我们不能没有友谊。leadto意为“导致,通向”,后跟名词,improve的名词形式是improvement。故填 improvement。122考查固定搭配。句意:亲密的友谊可以安慰心灵,出谋献策,帮助我们实现为自己设定的目标。固定短语help sb.(to) do sth.意为“帮助某人做某事”,to 也可以省略,故填 achieve或 to achieve。1

    121、23考查固定搭配。句意:分享让快乐变得更有意义,分担让烦恼减半。固定短语take on意为“呈现,显出,变得”,该空缺少介词on。故填 on。124考查非谓语动词。句意:分享让快乐变得更有意义,分担让烦恼减半。分析句子结构可知,该分句主语a trouble shared谓语动词是become,half与逻辑主语trouble之间是被动关系,应该填过去分词halved。故填 halved。125考查定语从句。句意:其次,通过与那些明智和善意的朋友的交谈,可以获得更好的理解和判断。分析句子结构可知,这是一个限定性定语从句,先行词是friends,在从句中作主语,因此应用关系代词who或that引导

    122、,故填who或that。126考查非谓语动词。句意:另外,准备与朋友交谈使我们的想法更清楚,理解更深入。分析句子结构可知,该句主语是“准备与朋友交谈”,谓语动词是makes,动名词preparing to talk with a friend作主语。故填 preparing127考查形容词比较级。句意:另外,准备与朋友交谈使我们的想法更清楚,理解更深入。根据and前clearer是比较级可知,and连接两个并列比较级形式,该空应该填thorough比较级more thorough。故填 more thorough。128考查副词。句意:此外,在我们的一生中,拥有不同技能和想法的朋友,也许可以以

    123、许多不同的方式给我们提供帮助,甚至在我们死后。根据句意“死后还能提供帮助”与上文是递进关系,故填副词even。故填 even。129考查it作形式主语。句意:然而,必须指出,朋友的选择和关系的发展都要慎重。分析句子结构可知,该句主语是 friends should be carefully chosen and relationships carefully developed,应该用it作为形式主语。故填 it。130考查冠词。句意:有了我们信赖的朋友的安慰、建议和帮助,我们可以过上更好的生活。根据上文 friends should be carefully chosen and relat

    124、ionships carefully developed可知,该句是特指“朋友的安慰安慰、建议和帮助”,应该用定冠词the。故填 the。131completely132like133Though#Although#While134who#that135caught136to study137is spent138advanced139a140ability【分析】本文是记叙文。文章讲述了作者通过自己的语言学习经历,放弃了原有关于人“应该”如何与世界互动的观点,并感悟到不应评判别人应该怎么样,要学会共情。131考查副词。句意:我听说过这样的人,如果我完全诚实,我会评价他们。根据句意可知,提示词

    125、在句中修饰形容词honest,应使用副词形式completely,意为“完全地”。故填completely。132考查介词。句意:到了要搬到中国的时候,我决定不要像其他人一样浪费机会。结合上文和句意可知,作者不愿像那些在一个国家生活多年而不学习语言的人一样,所以应填入介词like,表示“像一样”。故填like。133考查连词。句意:虽然我主要和中国同事一起工作,他们也愿意帮助我,但我就是抽不出时间。根据句意可知,“I work mostly with Chinese colleagues4offer to help me”与“I simply dont make the time”之间有转折关

    126、系,虽然我主要和中国同事一起工作,他们也愿意帮助我,但我就是抽不出时间,可用though、although或者while引导让步状语从句,表示 “虽然,尽管”,另外,句首单词首字母大写。故填Though/Although/While。134考查定语从句。句意:虽然我主要和中国同事一起工作,他们也愿意帮助我,但我就是抽不出时间。分析句子可知,空格处为限制性定语从句,修饰先行词Chinese colleagues,关系词代替先行词在定语从句中作主语,应使用关系代词who或that引导该定语从句。故填who/ that。135考查固定短语。句意:嗯,北京的生活是如此有趣,以至于我对任何事情都很着迷。

    127、be/get caught up in.为固定短语,意为“陷入;对着迷”。故填caught。136考查非谓语动词。句意:人们可能会认为,在外国生活实际上会迫使你学习语言,但实际情况比这复杂得多。分析句子可知,提示词study在句中作press后宾语us的补足语,是非谓语动词,与其逻辑主语us之间是主动关系,根据句意可知(study) the language是目的和还未做的事情,所以应使用动词不定式形式。故填to study。137考查动词语态和主谓一致。句意:首先,当你的工作是使用母语时,你每天的大部分时间都花在母语材料上。分析句子可知,提示词spend是主句中谓语动词,与主语the maj

    128、ority of your day之间是被动关系,结合时间状语从句中时态可知,主句也应使用一般现在时态,又因“the majority of+不可数名词或可数名词单数 ”作主语时视为单数,所以谓语动词也应使用单数形式。综上,谓语应用一般现在时的被动语态,单数形式。故填is spent。138考查形容词。句意:第二,不要忘记我们生活在拥有翻译应用程序的先进时代。根据句意可知,提示词advance在句中作定语,修饰名词era,用形容词形式advanced,表示“先进的”。故填advanced。139考查冠词。句意:第三,必须认识到学习一门新语言是需要时间的。可数名词language在句中表示“一种

    129、新语言”,泛指,前面应使用不定冠词,又因空格后单词new音标中的第一个单节是辅音音素/n/,所以应使用不定冠词a。故填a。140考查名词。句意:它提高了我的共情能力。根据空格前形容词性物主代词my可知,应填入名词ability作宾语,结合语意可知,句中指“我的共情能力”,单数概念,用单数。故填ability。141it142to143less144ignored145effective146that147facing148likely149concerning150where【分析】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲的是父母和孩子缺乏沟通的原因和解决办法。141考查it作形式宾语。句意:然而,我们发

    130、现父母和孩子缺乏沟通是很普遍的。分析可知,that从句是find的宾语,作宾语从句,空格处用it作形式宾语,故填it。142考查固定短语和介词。句意:不止一个原因导致了这个问题。contribute to是固定短语,意为“导致”,因此空格处是介词to,故填to。143考查比较级。句意:首先,父母花更少的时间和学生在一起的原因是更大的社会压力经常会使孩子被父母忽视。由后文的heavier可知,父母面对的社会压力更大了,因此和孩子一起度过的时间更少了,空格处用比较级less,故填less。144考查非谓语动词。句意:首先,父母花更少的时间和学生在一起的原因是更大的社会压力经常会使孩子被父母忽视。t

    131、hat从句中谓语是makes,空格处用非谓语形式,由by可知,空格处用过去分词表被动,作宾语补足语,故填ignored。145考查形容词。句意:第二,虽然父母想和他们的孩子交谈,他们中的一些人不知道太多的沟通技巧或必要的教育知识,这将是有效的沟通。be后跟形容词作表语,effect的形容词是effective,意为“有效的”,故填effective。146考查定语从句。句意:然而,可以发现的最重要的原因可能是大多数父母的传统观念的权威。空格处引导定语从句,从句中缺少主语,先行词reason是物,且被最高级the most修饰,因此关系代词用that,故填that。147考查省略句。句意:因此,

    132、当面对孩子时,父母不太可能以朋友的身份与他们交流。根据语境可知,句子意为“当他们面对孩子时,父母不太可能以朋友的身份与他们交流”,when引导的时间状语从句应是when they are facing the children,时间状语从句中主语和主句的主语一致,且从句中有be动词时,可省略从句中的主语和be动词,因此空格处是facing。故填facing。148考查固定短语。句意:因此,当面对孩子时,父母不太可能以朋友的身份与他们交流。sb. be likely to do sth.是固定短语,意为“某人可能做某事”,因此空格处是likely,故填likely。149考查介词。句意:总之,关于这个问题的解决办法是缩小父母和孩子之间的差距。根据语境可知,句子表示“关于这个问题的解决办法是缩小父母和孩子之间的差距”,空格处意为“关于”,是介词concerning,故填concerning。150考查定语从句。句意:因此,为了给孩子创造一个更好的成长环境,父母应该确保家庭的稳定,并作为孩子的好朋友。空格处引导定语从句,从句中不缺主语或宾语,因此空格处用关系副词,先行词atmosphere是抽象地点,因此空格处用关系副词where,故填where。

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