专题05 形容词、副词的等级及利用构词法进行词类转换（讲义）（原卷版）-【高频考点解密】2024年高考英语二轮复习高频考点追踪与预测（新高考专用）.docx

1、专题05 形容词、副词的等级及利用构词法进行词类转换01专题网络思维脑图02考情分析解密高考考点二 副词【高考解密】命题点 副词【技巧解密】【考向预测】03高频考点以考定法考点一 形容词【高考解密】命题点01 形容词的构成命题点02 形容词的级【技巧解密】【考向预测】04核心素养微专题微专题 形容词、副词4大易错陷阱05创新好题分层练考点考查内容高考考题设问形容词核心价值：高考英语试卷试题取材广泛、体裁多样，引导学生德智体美劳全面发展，加强对中华优秀传统文化和社会主义先进文化的考查，充分发挥文化铸魂的育人功能。融入中华优秀传统文化，增强学生的文化自信。如 2023年新高考全国I卷语法填空介绍小

2、笼包；又如 2022年新高考全国I卷语法填空语篇报道中国设立大熊猫保护国家公园的情况，介绍中国生态文明建设成就。这些语篇和情境通过讲述中国故事，以浸润的方式引导学生加强对中华优秀传统文化和社会主义核心价值观的认同，增强文化自信，厚植爱国主义情怀。学科素养：1. 从选材方面来说，近几年的语法填空选材新颖，紧跟时代脚步和热门话题，体现时代性和立德树人，强调中国元素，引入传统文化的介绍，融入人与自然和谐发展的观念，引导学生德智体美劳全面发展。2. 从考查的能力方面来说，在高考试卷中，语法填空对英语学习的考查是多方面的，主要从单词的记忆、语法知识的掌握、长难句分析和语言的感知、推理能力、逻辑判断能力和

3、思维能力等。从考查的考点角度分析，主要考查点包括名词的单复数，代词的指代，冠词的用法，介词、动词短语的固定搭配，形容词、副词的变形，谓语动词的时态语态，动词的非谓语形式变化，并列连词和复合句的考查等。2023年新高考I卷taste-tasty2023年新高考II卷confidence-confident2023年浙江1月高考卷space - spacious simple-simpler2022年新高考II卷sleep-asleep2021年新高考I卷hot-hotter2021年浙江1月高考卷small-smaller low-lower副词2023年新高考I卷rare-rarely2023

4、年新高考II卷basic-basically2023年浙江1月高考卷original -originally2022年新高考I卷eventual-eventually2022年新高考II卷accidental-accidentally2022年浙江高考卷rough-roughly2021年新高考I卷undoubted-undoubtedly2021年浙江高考卷sharp-sharply考点一 形容词命题点01 形容词的构成典例01【2023年新高考全国卷】Xiao long bao (soup dumplings), those amazing constructions of delicat

5、e dumpling wrappers, encasing hot, _36_ (taste) soup and sweet, fresh meat, are far and away my favorite Chinese street food. 典例02 【2023年浙江卷1月】The hutongs they formed were orderly, lined by _61_ (space)homes and walled gardens.典例03【2022全国甲卷】Cao believes this will make the hiking trip even more _ (me

6、aning). 命题点02 形容词级典例01【2023年浙江卷1月】Their siheyuan were far smaller in scale and 7 (simple)in design and decoration, and the hutongs were narrower. 典例02【2021年新高考全国卷】The amazing thing about the spring is that the colder the temperature gets, the 14 (hot) the spring! 典例03【2021年浙江卷】This may be due to som

7、e disadvantages for people living (live) in the countryside, including (low) levels of income and education, higher costs of healthy foods, and fewer sports facilities.一、形容词的概念和句法功能 一 形容词的句法功能：1. 作定语： 形容词作定语一般位于被修饰的词的前面。My mother tells me a funny story. 妈妈给我讲了一个非常有趣的故事。易混点：副词作定语多表示时间或地点，位于被修饰的词的后面，如

8、here, there, up, down, below, above等。 The people here are very friendly to us.这儿的人对我们很友好。易混点：由“形容词介词短语/不定式短语”构成的形容词短语作定语时要后置。 It is a problem difficult to solve. 这是一个难解决的问题2. 作状语：形容词作状语用来说明主语的情况，表示原因、结果、伴随、时间、条件或方式，可位于句首、句中或句末，一般用逗号将其与其他部分隔开。 Careful with money, my mother managed to send me to colle

9、ge.妈妈小心地用着钱，把我送去上了大学。 The survivors lay on the beach, exhausted and shocked.幸存者们躺在沙滩上，疲惫不堪，心有余悸。易混点：副词作状语修饰动词、形容词、副词和句子。3. 作表语：形容词作表语位于系动词be, feel, get, become, turn, prove, seem等之后。 The painting is not representative of his work of the period.这幅画并不能代表他在那个时期的作品。易混点：副词作表语，表示主语的方位、方向、动作和状态等。4. 作补足语： D

10、oing regular exercise can help to make one energetic.做有规律的锻炼可以帮助使一个人精力充沛。Please keep the classroom clean and tidy. 请保持教室干净、整洁。二、形容词的级形容词的比较级和最高级形容词比较级和最高级的构成(er/est)转换以e结尾r/stlatelaterlatest以“辅音字母y”结尾变y为i，er/estearlyearlierearliest以重读闭音节结尾(末尾只有一个辅音字母)双写结尾字母er/estbigbiggerbiggest多音节和部分双音节结尾前面加more/mo

11、stbeautifulmore beautifulmost beautiful特别注意(1)有少数几个双音节形容词，既可以加er和est，又可以加more和most构成比较级和最高级。这些双音节词有：common, handsome, quiet, pleasant, cruel, stupid, friendly等。(2)有些形容词没有程度可分或形容词本身就表示某种程度，因此没有比较级和最高级。这类形容词有：right (正确的), wrong (错误的), excellent (优秀的), possible (可能的), empty (空的), first (第一的), wooden (木

12、制的), final (最后的), east (东方的), last (最后的), favourite (最喜欢的)等。(3)不规则变化原级比较级最高级good, wellbetterbestbad, badly, illworseworstmany, muchmoremostlittlelessleastfarfarther(指时间或空间上“更远的”)farthest(指时间或空间上“最久的；最远的”)further(指空间距离“更远的”；在更大程度上)furthest(指空间距离“最远的”；在最大程度上)oldolder/elderoldest/eldest形容词的比较级If you fe

13、el stressed by responsibilities at work，you should take a step back and identify (识别) those of greater and less importance.如果你因为工作责任而感到有压力的话，那么你应该暂缓一下，识别哪些事情更重要，哪些不太重要。The earlier the treatment is given，the better the patients chances.病人越早接受治疗，康复的可能性就越大。Of the two cameras，I would prefer the smaller

14、one，which is very easy for me to carry.这两个照相机，我喜欢较小的一个，它便于携带。考点总结1比较级的修饰语常见的有rather，much，still，even，far，any(用于否定句或疑问句)，a lot，a little，a great deal，by far，a bit等。2比较级than.“比更”；less.than“不如”。3the比较级，the比较级“越，越”。4the比较级of (the)名词/代词“(两者中)较的”。形容词的最高级The happiest are not those who own all the best things

15、，but those who can appreciate the beauty of life.最幸福的人不是那些拥有最好的事物的人，而是那些懂得欣赏生活的美好的人。This is the best song by far that Ive ever heard.这是我听过的最好听的歌。Are you pleased with what he has done?Not a bit.It couldnt be any worse.你对他做的事满意吗？一点也不满意。他做的事情糟糕透顶。Im sure I was the last person in the word he want to acc

16、ept assistance from.我确信在这个世界上，他最不希望接受我的帮助了。1三者或三者以上的比较用最高级。2最高级的修饰语常见的有序数词，by far，nearly，almost，by no means，not really，not quite，nothing like等。 3“否定词比较级”表示最高级意义。4the last表示“最不可能的”“最不适合的”“最不希望的”等。三、 形容词的构成形容词的构词规律类别例词词尾加-ycloudcloudy, lucklucky, healthhealthy, sleepsleepy词尾加-(e)dgiftgifted, talenttal

17、ented, advanceadvanced, exciteexcited词尾加ingsurprisesurprising, convinceconvincing, frightenfrightening词尾加-ful/-lessmeaningmeaningful/meaningless, carecareful/careless, helphelpful/helpless, harmharmful/harmless, homehomeless, colourcolourful/colourless, useuseful/useless, thankthankful/thankless, pe

18、acepeaceful/peaceless词尾加-ablecomfortcomfortable, knowledgeknowledgeable, acceptacceptable, respectrespectable词尾加-ousdangerdangerous, couragecourageous, humourhumorous词尾的-ce变为-tconfidenceconfident, differencedifferent词尾加-almusicmusical, personpersonal, nationnational, educationeducational, traditiont

19、raditional词尾加-lyfriendfriendly, weekweekly, lovelovely词尾加-enwoodwooden, woolwoolen其他常见变化energyenergetic, foolfoolish, pleasurepleasant/pleased, sciencescientific以重读闭音节结尾的名词变成形容词时，要双写该辅音字母再加-y(如sunsunny, funfunny等)，以e结尾的名词要去掉e再加-y(如noisenoisy, iceicy, tastetasty等)动词词尾加ive/ativeattractattractive, talk

20、talkative, preventpreventive, protectprotective考向01-形容词的构成1.（2024浙江省温州市高三上学期11月第一次适应性考试）At the same time, Citywalk represents an opportunity for tour guides and travel service providers to offer a more tailored, _(profession) service to meet ever-changing market demands.2.【2023江苏省四所名校高三期中联考】Qian was

21、 extremely _43_(knowledge), especially in the area of frontier science research.考向02-形容词的级1.（2024浙江省诸暨中学等2校期中）Global income data tracks closely with emissions data: The World Inequality Labs2022 report found that the _( wealthy)10 percent earn 52 percent of all income, while the poorest half of all

22、people earn just 8.5 percent.2.（2024河北省省级联测）At present, there is an exhibition of the _(fine) unearthed cultural relics from the Dingling Tomb in the hall.考点二 副词命题点 副词的构成典例01 【2023年新高考全国卷】So, what are they learning? _43_ (basic), how to describe a pandas life. 典例02【2023年新高考全国卷】No matter where I buy

23、them, one steamer is _44_ (rare) enough, yet two seems greedy, so I am always left _45_ (want) more next time.典例03【2023年浙江卷1月】The term “hutong”, _57_ (original)meaning “water well” in Mongolian, appeared first during the Yuan Dynasty. 1. 作状语： 修饰动词：Although living in a hut, we can think globally.修饰形容

24、词：Im fully convinced that you will make it sooner or later.修饰副词：He left the room secretly.修饰句子：Actually, it would be much more sensible to do it later.2. 作表语：I hear that he is abroad now.易混点：表示位置的副词(above, across, inside, upstairs等)作表语时说明主语的状态或特征；表示动作方向的副词(up, down, on, in, off, out等)作表语时含有动作意义。Isnt

25、 he up yet? 他还没起床吗？3. 作定语：Please write to me at the address below.4. 作补语：Keep the coat on if you feel cold.副词的构词规律类别例词形容词后缀-lyclearclearly, greatgreatly, loudloudly, suddensuddenly, sinceresincerely以辅音字母加-y结尾的形容词，把y变成i再加-lyhappyhappily, heavyheavily, angryangrily, luckyluckily, noisynoisily*shyshyly

26、(y的发音为/a/，直接加ly)词尾为ble/le的形容词，去掉e，再加-yterribleterribly, possiblepossibly, gentlegently, probableprobably, comfortablecomfortably, responsibleresponsibly, suitablesuitably (例外：wholewholly)词尾为-ue的形容词，去掉e再加-lytruetruly(高中阶段仅此一例)词尾为-ll的形容词，直接加-yfullfully, dulldully词尾为-ic的形容词，加-allybasicbasically, scient

27、ificscientifically, specificspecifically, automaticautomatically考向01-副词的构成1.【2023内蒙古包头市高三调研】When Picasso was born, he was so weak that the nurse left him on the side table and _44_ (simple) began to attend to his mother. 2. (江西省景德镇2023高三期末) As the _ (happy) newcomers mixed together in the poor parts

28、 of the city, the dance known as the tango came into being.考向02-副词的级1. In the final of the mens 100 meter sprint at this years Tokyo Olympic Games，Lamont Marcel Jacobs ran （the）_（fast） of all.2.（2023江苏省连云港市调研）_ (early), seal carving was accomplished only by workers. During the Song Dynasty, scholars

29、 and artists began to get involved in it. They combined seal carving with calligraphy and painting,making this traditional art more popular in China. 形容词、副词4大易错陷阱【易错陷阱一】 -ed形容词和-ing形容词易混易错点典例01（2024届辽宁省本溪市高中高三一模试题）As a result, the antelope population has recovered and in June 2015, the Tibetan antel

30、ope was removed from the (danger) species list. 典例02（福建省宁德第一中学2023-2024学年高三检测试题）The mortise and tenon technique, which is the primary construction method used in ancient Chinese architecture and represents the core of traditional Chinese woodworking, is gaining (increase) recognition among the publi

31、c.典例03 From Maces increasingly _(fright) expression, Lord knew his last random shot had hit home.【易错陷阱二】 形容词和副词用法功能易混易错点典例 （广东省佛山市南海区2023-2024学年高三测试题）It has a population of more than 100 million and is the third _ (large) economy in China. 【易错陷阱三】 形容词与副词词形变化易混易错点（湖南省湖南师范大学附属中学2023-2024学年高三试题）The sun

32、, however, was not still, and it _ (steady) rose from the horizon, reached the highest point and then set to the west.【易错陷阱四】 比较级和最高级词形变化易混易错点典例 （2023年广东省佛山市顺德区均安中学高三拉练试题）As the weather turns warmer and air becomes _ (dry), it is recommended that people eat fresh vegetables and juicy fruits to keep

33、themselves hydrated (保持水分). 1.（2024浙江省杭州市高三上学期一模）The characters depicted (描绘) come _(large) from legends and Chinese opera plots. Da A Fu, a plump(微胖的) boy holding a fish, is the most popular figure in Huishan clay art.2.（2024浙江省宁波市高三上学期第一次模拟）Beginners are encouraged to start with the most basic mov

34、ements and _(gradual) build up their skills and knowledge over time. 3.（2024浙江省温州市高三上学期11月第一次适应性考试）Citywalk is offering a positive change to urban travelers as they can_(well) choose the experiences that fit in with their interests and needs.4.（2023届山东省齐鲁名校大联盟高三下学期三模试题）Becca said. In India, which ha

35、d the _(high) participation outside the US last year, tens of thousands of people submitted bird checklists.5.（2024浙江省湖州丽水衢州三市期中教学质量检测）Tens of thousands of Chinese social media users have backed calls from the countrys state media to have its artworks _(current) kept in the British Museum returned.6

36、.（2023届江苏省南通徐州市等5地高三三模试题）You can sit inside a _ (tradition) teahouse and take in the classical atmosphere as you drink tea.7.（2024河北省省级联测）Zhaoling Tomb is a _(full) restored tomb according to the old site of the Ming Dynasty, which is magnificent with high pines and glorious halls.8.（2024河北省省级联测）At

37、present, there is an exhibition of the _(fine) unearthed cultural relics from the Dingling Tomb in the hall.9.（2024届湖南省永州市高三上学期第一次模拟）Roujiamo is _(close) associated with the north-central city of Xian, in Shaanxi province. Since 202 BCE, Xian has been both the eastern terminal of the Silk Road and t

38、he capital for 13 more-or-less successive Chinese dynasties.10.（2024广东省佛山市S7高质量发展联盟联考）_ (amaze), the lamp makes use of the siphon principle (虹吸原理), with the ash flowing through the maids right arm into her body where the water is stored.11.（2024江苏省句容三中、海安实验中学联考10月月考）The delicate Changxin Palace Lamp

39、 provided an insight into Chinas glorious past, displaying the wisdom of ancient Chinese craftsmen, as well as Chinas_ (remark) achievements in science and technology 2, 000 years ago. The sculpture, vivid and elegant beauty work, still glitters now.12.（2024河南省TOP二十名校调研）Mobile phones provide a bette

40、r way of learning and_ (fast) access to information.13.（2024河南省TOP二十名校调研）Mobile phones bring with them many advantages and disadvantages. Let us discuss this to understand the issue _(clear).14.（2024届湖南省永州市高三上学期第一次模拟） Roujiamo,also called rougamo, is one of the most popular Chinese snacks. Despite i

41、ts _(compare) to a hamburger, it carries far more geographical and historical meaning.15.（2024河南省名校联考）Tai Shan is (popular) panda, with the most fans worldwide.16.（2024河南省名校联考）In 2007, due to strong demand from the US public, the Chinese government agreed to extend Tai Shans stay in the United State

42、s for an _(addition) two years.17.（2024河南省名校联考）In 1869, the French _(natural) and missionary Armand David, introduced the unique animal to the Western world.18.（2024河南省名校联考）There are _(current) 1,864 wild giant pandas in China and at the end of last year, there were another 698 in captivity.19.（2024

43、江苏省南通市统考）Chinese archaeologists have unearthed a big bronze beast. Its one of the most highly _(anticipate) treasures of the Sanxingdui Ruins.20.（2024江苏省南通市统考）The bronze animal is the _(big) ever found in decades of digging at the Sanxingdui Ruins.21.（2024江苏省南通市统考）UNESCO sent _ (congratulate) on the

44、 amazing new discovery through a video.22.（2024山东省潍坊市（安丘、高密、诸城）过程性检测）A black slate (石板), an alloy steel needle and decades of practice are _ Li Yahua needs to create the perfect Huihe stone shadow carving work of art.23.（2024北京市海淀区期中）_ (difference) from traditional Chinese art types that emphasize t

45、he beauty of lines, stone shadow carving highlights the size and _depth_(deep) of dots.24.（2024北京市丰台区期中）Males have larger vocal folds that create a lower sound, and females have smaller ones. Apart from the difference size, however, the other major biological difference that effects voices is that m

46、ales generally have a larger vocal tract, which can further lower the tone.25.（2024江苏省前黄高级中学第一次阶段考）A study recently published in the Journal of Nonverbal Behavior shed new light on the bias. Different from previous studies, not only looked to see whether people associate positive traits with good-lo

47、oking people (we know they do), but also took a closer look at which traits are associated with appearance, with two tests respectively focused on purely moral traits, such as being fair, trustworthy, or honest, and positive but non-moral traits, such as being funny, organized, or calm.26.【2023江苏省四所

48、名校高三期中联考】Qian was extremely _43_(knowledge), especially in the area of frontier science research.27.【2023江苏省苏州市常熟市阶段性抽测二】In Chinese art history, Qi Baishi ranks as a _56_ (tower) figure. His unusual and playful style opened up a new prospect in the imagery of traditional Chinese painting, and has le

49、ft a rich legacy still widely recognized in modern society. 28.【2023届山西省高三1月适应性调研考试（一模）】The Long March-5 is Chinas most _40_(power) launch vehicle currently in operational service, with a maximum payload capacity of 25 tonnes to low Earth orbit(LEO). It has been used to send Chinas three space stati

50、on modules, weighing about 66 tonnes, into LEO. 29.【2023届浙江省宁波市高三上学期高考与选考模拟】The skilled bamboo craftsmen are recording the daily detailed production process of their handicrafts on social media, which are regarded as a “_38_ (mystery) Chinese power” in the eyes of foreign netizens.30.（2023江苏省淮安市高中校协

51、作体期中）A 2009 study found that people are “far _ (little) willing to keep many choices open” when some have bigger rewards than others.31.【2023届广西南宁市高三上学期毕业班摸底】After Autumn Equinox, the location of direct sunlight moves to the south, making days shorter and nights _65_ (long) in the northern hemispher

52、e (半球). In ancient China, people threw arrows into pots to welcome Autumn Equinox.32.【2023届广西南宁市高三上学期毕业班摸底】The_61_ (tradition) Chinese lunar calendar divides the year into 24 solar terms. More than 2, 000 years ago, ancient Chinese people created this overall framework to mark the annual passage of

53、time based on observations of the suns movement.33.【安徽省蚌埠市2022-2023学年高三上学期第一次教学质量检查】Start of Autumn,（Li Qiu in Chinese）, the 13th solar term of the year, reflects the end of summer and the beginning of autumn, meaning the _45_（fruit）season is approaching. Start of Autumn is also a big solar term for

54、 farmers.34.【江苏省苏州市2022-2023学年高三上学期期中调研】On Autumn Equinox day, there are thousands of people in the world trying to make eggs stand on end. According to experts, on the Spring Equinox and Autumn Equinox, the earths axis(轴), on its 66.5 degree tilt, is in a relative balance of power with the earths o

55、rbit around the sun. Thus it is an _45_ (easy) time for people to practice the game.35.【河南省名校大联考2022-2023学年高三上学期1月期末】Tea is a simple drink. And it is _41_(center) to the lives of millions of people worldwide. 36.（2023浙江省9 1高中联盟年高三5月高考模拟）The Chinese team, with certification from the UN, comprised hig

56、h-quality and well-equipped personnel with the capacity to carry out search and rescue operations _(efficient) at the same time in two locations. 37.（2023广东省高三开学大联考）_42_(additional), Chinese people like to drink hot water or tea with their meals since hot water is helpful for digestion according to

57、traditional Chinese medicine.38.（2023河南省安阳市TOP二十名校摸底）The ox was _44_(original) first, but he was so kind that he agreed to carry the little rat across the river. 39.【2023江苏省四所名校高三期中联考】His reply to “Can we Chinese possibly make missiles?” was a _41_(determine) “Why not? We Chinese are able to make the same things that other people make.”40. (2023届湖北省圆创联考高三下学期五月联合测评试题)Words become filled with meaning for us by experience; and the_64_ (long) we live, the more certain words recall to us the happy and sad events of our past; and the more we read and learn, the more the number of words that mean .