专题07 被动语态高频考点（解析版）-备战2024年中考英语真题题源解密（上海专用）.docx

1、专题07 动词被动语态 上海中考对被动语态主要考查不同时态的被动语态和情态动词的被动语态。其中以一般过去时的被动语态、一般现在时的被动语态和一般将来时的被动语态为主，其次涉及到含有情态动词的被动语态和现在完成时的被动语态。本专题目的在于归纳一些高频考题及梳理一些解题技巧。以帮助同学们高效复习。考点考向考法/命题角度不同时态的被动语态1.被动语态的基本形式2.不同时态的被动语态3. 含情态动词被动语态4.常见主动语态变被动语态的特殊情况5.被动语态在句子改写中运用1. 不同时态的被动语态基本构成形式，在不同的时态中,be动词有不同的形式。2. 主动语态中有些使役动词（如：make, let等）后

2、用不带to的不定式作宾语补足语，变为被动语态时，同样要把不定式符号to还原，即：make sb. do sth.sb. be made to do sth.。含情态动词的被动语态含有情态动词的被动语态结构为“情态动词+be+done”。Your homework must be finished today.你的作业今天必须完成。 考向一、 被动语态单选题高频易混易错梳理/归纳被动语态结构：1. 一般现在时2. 一般过去时3. 一般将来时4. 过去将来时5. 现在进行时6. 过去进行时7. 现在完成时8. 过去完成时9. 带情态动词1. The article is written (by h

3、er).2. The article was written (by her).3. The article will be written (by her).4. Our teacher said the article would be written (by her).5. The article is being written (by her).6. The article was being written (by her).7. The article has been written (by her).8. The teacher said the article had be

4、en written (by her).9. The article might be written by her.还原to使役动词make /let /have及感官动词hear ,see ,find ,watch, feel, etc的特殊用法1. Mother often makes me do some housework.I am often made to do some housework by mother.2. We saw him run into the classroom. He was seen to run into the classroom by us.主动表

5、被动：1. 不及物动词write, sell, wash, open, lock, read, clean, cut, burn, drive，prove, grow（长得），而且主语为物2. 大多数系动词：be ,feel (摸起来)，sound(听起来)，look(看起来)，smell(闻起来) ，taste（尝起来）, become, fall (asleep), get, keep, remain, seem, stay, turn, grow (变得), appear (呈现) 等3. 在need/ want/ require doing或be worth doing句型中1. Th

6、is kind of shoes sells well.这种鞋子很好卖。2. This skirt washes easily. 这件裙子很容易洗。3. The pen writes well.这支钢笔很好写。4. he skirt feels very soft. 这件裙子摸起来很柔软。5. The mooncakes taste delicious.(这些月饼尝起来很好吃。)6. My watch needs mending. = My watch needs to be mended. need/want/require doing = need/want/require to be d

7、one 7. The book is worth reading. (这本书值得一读。)没有被动语态的词:1. vi.: happen (= take place), break out(爆发)，break down(坏了), result from(缘于)，belong to, consist of, come true, come out，die ,disappear, end (vi. 结束), fail, last, lie, remain, sit, spread（传播）, stand, etc.2.vt.: cost, fit, have, suit等3.vt.: 带同源宾语，宾语

8、为反身代词，相互代词 4. vt.: 宾语为不定式或doing1.The film lasted for 3 hours.2. Many changes have happened in our hometown.3. His dream has come true. 4. My photos will come out tomorrow.5. This car costs 100,000 dollars. 6. We will have a meeting. (但hold a meeting 可以改被动)。7. Shedreamedabaddreamlastnight. 8. The man

9、 introduced himself to everyone.9. They help each other study English.10. Shelikestoswim. 11.Sheenjoys watching TV. 辨认是否为被动语态“be+过去分词”有时不能表示被动语态,而只能是系表结构。被动语态表示主语为动作的承受者，而系表结构则表示主语的特点或所处的状态。1. He is pleased / worried / tired /(系表结构)(他高兴/焦虑/疲劳) 2. The door was closed last night. (系表结构，强调状态)3. The doo

10、r was closed by Tom last night. （被动语态，强调动作）易错点总结（常考点）1）在时间、条件状语从句中，要用一般现在时的被动语态表示将来时的被动语态。If lamgiven enough time, I will do it better.给我足够的时间，我会做得更好。2）固定结构中的介词或副词在被动结构中不可省去。Such a bad habitshould be got rid of.这样的坏习惯应该改掉。（of 不可以省去的）3）有些动词如write, read, sell，wash, open等当强调动作执行情况时, 有被动语态; 当用作不及物动词来说明主

11、语本身所具有的特征时,无被动语态。The computerswere sold out, because theysell well.电脑被卖光了，因为它们卖得好。The clothwashes easily.这布很好洗。4）在“tooto”结构和形容词 enough to do结构中,通常用主动形式表示被动意义。The problem is too difficult to work out.5）常见的被动语态的句型搭配据说. It is said that .据报导. It is reported that .据推测. It is supposed that .希望. It is hope

12、d that .众所周知. It is well known that .普遍认为. It is generally considered that .有人建议. It is suggested that1（2019上海中考真题）Worries in life if you speak out to your close friend.Awill reduceBwere reducingCwill be reducedDwere reduced【答案】C【详解】句意：如果你和你的密友说话，生活中的忧虑就会减少。A. will reduce会减少，一般将来时；B. were reducing正在

13、减少，过去进行时；C. will be reduced将被减少，将来时被动语态；D. were reduced被减少，一般过去时态被动语态。这里是if引导的条件状语从句，遵循主句用一般将来时，从句用一般现在时态，根据主语是Worries可知这里是将来时的被动语态，其结构是will be done的形式。根据题意，故选C。2（2017上海中考真题）The museum _ next month to celebrate the Science & Technology Festival.Ais decoratedBwill decorateCis decoratingDwill be decor

14、ated【答案】D【详解】句意：为庆祝即将举行的科学技术节，这个博物馆下个月就要装修。根据题意，博物馆下个月要进行装修，属于打算，应该用一般将来时，排除A和C选项。同时，博物馆是“被装修”，要用decorate的被动语态，即be decorated，而B是主动式，可排除。故选D。3（2015上海中考真题）Over $30,000 _ for a childrens hospital by a British girl several months ago.Ais raisedBwas raisedCwill be raisedDhas been raised【答案】B【详解】句意：几个月以前，

15、一个英国女孩为一所儿童医院筹集了三万多美元。 ago多久以前，过去的时间，根据several months ago可知用一般过去时态；主语和谓语动词之间是动宾关系，所以用被动语态。所以选择一般过去时态的被动结构，故选B。4（2012上海中考真题）Im sure that stricter roles to control cigarette smoking_ very soon.AmadeBwill makeCwere madeDwill be made【答案】D【详解】句意：我相信很快就会有更严格的控制吸烟的措施。考查被动语态。根据“very soon”可知此句是一般将来时，结合句意可知此句

16、是被动语态，故此句是一般将来时的被动语态，答案选D。考向二、 句型转换中的被动语态高频易混易错梳理/归纳语态转换时所注意的问题1. 把主动语态变为被动语态，其谓语动词的时态要与原句时态保持一致，其谓语动词的数要与新主语保持一致。We have bought a new computer.A new computer has been bought.A new computer have been bought. （错误）2. 含有双宾语的主动句变被动句时，可分别将其中的一个宾语变为主语，另一个不动，一般变间接宾语为主语时比较多My uncle gave me a present on my b

17、irthday.I was given a present on my birthday.如果把直接宾语(指物)改为主语，则在间接宾语(指人)前加适当的介词，如上句还可以说：A present was given to me yesterday.注意：1.一般在下列动词后，常在间接宾语前用介词 to，如：bring, give, hand, lend, offer, pass, pay, promise, sell, show, take, teach, tell 等。(1) The book was showed to the class.(2) My bike was lent to he

18、r.2.一般在下列动词后，间接宾语前用介词 for, 如：build, buy, cook, cut, choose, do, fetch, find, fix, get, keep, make, order, paint, play, sing 等。(1) A new skirt was made for me.(2) The meat was cooked for us.(3) Some country music was played for us.3. 由动词+ 介词或副词构成的短语动词，要把它们作为整体看，即把它们看成一个及物动词，介词或副词不可拆开或漏掉。这类动词有：不及物动词+

19、介词，如: agree to, ask for, laugh at, operated on, listen to, look after, think of, talk about 等。The patient is being operated on. The problem is solved. It neednt be talked about.及物动词+ 副词：如：bring about, carry out, find out, give up, hand in, make out, pass on, point out, put away, put off, think over,

20、 turn down, work out, turn out 等。His request was turned down.The sports meet will be put off because of the bad weather4. 带复合宾语(宾语+ 宾补)的动词改为被动语态时，一般把主动结构中的宾语改为主语，而宾语补足语保留在谓语动词后面。(1) We always keep the classroom clean.The classroom is always kept clean.(2) She told us to follow her instructions.We we

21、re told to follow her instructions.注意：在see, watch, hear, notice, listen to, look at, make, feel等动词后作宾语补足语的动词不定式都不带 to，但改成被动语态后都带to，这时不定式为主语补足语，也就是说不定式作主语补足语不存在省略to 的问题。We often hear him play the guitar.He is often heard to play the guitar.5. 当主动句的主语是nobody, no one等含有否定意义的不定代词时，被动句中将其变为anybody,作by的宾语

22、，并将谓语动词变为否定的被动语态。Nobody can answer this question.误：The question can be answered by nobody.正：The question can not be answered by anybody.6. 当否定句中的宾语是anything, anybody, anyone等不定代词时，在被动句中应将其分别变为nothing, nobody, no one作主语，并将谓语动词变为肯定的被动语态。They havent done anything to make the river clean.误：Anything hasn

23、t been done to make the river clean.正：Nothing has been done to make the river clean.7. 以who为主语开头的疑问句，变被动时，用by whom放在句首：Who wrote the story?误：Who was the story written?正：By whom was the story written?8. 有些动词既是及物又是不及物，当它们和well, badly, easily等副词连用时，表示主语内在品质或性能，是不及物动词，用主动表示被动，这时不用被动语态，常见的有：write, read,

24、clean, sell, wash, cook 等。(1)The cloth washes easily. 这布很好洗。(2)The new product sells well. 这新产品很畅销。对比：The books sell well. (主动句)The books were sold out. (被动句)The meat didnt cook well. (主动句)The meat was cooked for a long time. (被动句)9. 下列情况主动句不能改为被动句：第一，感官系动词一般用主动形式表示被动意义，如：feel，look, seem, taste, sou

25、nd, remain等。(1) Do you like the material? Yes, it feels very soft.误：It is felt very soft.(2)The food tastes delicious.误：The food is tasted delicious.(3)The pop music sounds beautiful.误：The pop music is sounded beautiful.第二，谓语是及物动词leave, enter, reach, suit, have, benefit, lack, own等。He entered the ro

26、om and got his book.误：The room was entered and his book was got.She had her hand burned.误：Her hand was had burned.第三，一些不及物动词短语没有被动语态：take place, break out, belong to, lose heart, consist of, add up to等。The fire broke out in the capital building.误：The fire was broke out in the capital building.第四，不及物

27、动词没有被动语态，如：rise, happen, succeed, remain, lie等。When we got to the top of the mountain, the sun had already risen.误：The sun had already been risen.After the earthquake, few houses remained.误：After the earthquake, few houses were remained.第五，宾语是反身代词，相互代词，同源宾语，不定式，v-ing形式及抽象名词等，不能变为被动句子的主语，如：I taught m

28、yself English.误：Myself was taught English.We love each other.误：Each other is loved.教材中与被动语态相关的句型1.be covered with被覆盖2.be made of由制作(发生物理变化)be made from由制作(发生化学变化)be made in由(某地)制造be made by被(某人)制造3.be used for被用来be used as被当作(作为)来使用be used to do sth.被用来做某事4.It is said that.据说It is hoped that.希望It is

29、 well known that.众所周知例如：几种特殊的被动语态1.带不定式的被动语态。The child is sure to be punished for that. 那个孩子肯定会因为那件事受罚的。2. 带介词的动词短语的被动语态。Such a thing has never been heard of. 这件事前所未闻。3. 带副词的动词短语的被动语态。The radio has just been turned off. 收音机刚刚被关上。4. 当sell, wash, clean, run, ride, wear, write等动词若有状语well, easily, badly

30、来修饰时，用主动形式表达被动意义。The pen writes well. 这枝钢笔写字流畅。The book sells well. 这本书很畅销。形式为主动，意义为被动。(中考难点)1.由少数及物动词转化来的不及物动词(sell, clean, wash, cut, drive, wear, write等)，当句子的主语为物时，可用主动形式表被动意义。The car drives well.The cloth washes easily.2.在be worth doing, need doing中，主语是物，doing表示被动意义。The book is worth reading.The

31、 tree needs watering.3.形容词 cheap, dangerous, important, comfortable, interesting等接不定式做状语时，不定式的主动形式表被动意义。The old lady is easy to get along with.The question is difficult to answer.4.感官动词look, sound, taste, smell, feel等，主动语态表被动意义。You look unhappy.The cake tastes delicious.【点睛】 一般现在时、一般过去时用be +及物动词的.过去

32、分词，be有人称、时、数变。完成时态have(has)done，被动将been加中间。一般将来shall(will)do，被动变do为be done。将来进行无被动，shall(will)be doing。现在完成时，被动 have(has)been done。现、过进行be doing，被动be加being done。情、助、有、是妥安排，一律随新主语变。否定助后加not，疑问一助置主前。主语恰是疑问词，直陈语序主在前。一般情助加be done，双宾多将间宾变。复合宾语宾变主，宾补、主补相应变。（2022上海中考真题）1. The research group discovered a ne

33、w kind of insect last week. （改为被动语态）A new kind of insect _ _ by the research group last week.【答案】 . was . discovered【解析】【详解】句意：该研究小组上周发现了一种新的昆虫。原句是一般过去时，被动语态是一般过去时的被动语态，主语中心词是“kind”，be动词用was。故填was；discovered。（2021上海中考真题）2Doctor Wu Mengchao saved a lot of patients lives. （改为被动语态）A lot of patients liv

34、es _ _ by Doctor Wu Mengchao.【答案】were saved【详解】句意：吴医生挽救了很多病人的生命。此处改为被动语态，saved是一般过去时，主语a lot of patients lives是复数形式，谓语动词用复数形式，故填were saved。（2020上海中考真题）3The 13-year-old one-armed basketball player attracted a lot of fans. （改为被动语态）A lot of fans_ _by the 13-year-old one- armed basketball player.【答案】wer

35、e attracted【解析】句意：这位13岁的独臂篮球运动员吸引了许多球迷。原句是一般过去时，改为一般过去时态的被动语态，结构是was/were+过去分词；主语fans复数，助动词用were；故填were attracted。（2019上海中考真题）4. The scientists released the picture of a black hole to the world on April10.（改为被动语态）The picture of a black hole_ _to the world by the scientists on April 10.【答案】 (1). was

36、(2). released 【解析】The scientists released the picture of a black hole to the world on April10.意思是“科学家们于10年4月10日向世界公布了一张黑洞的照片。”这里是改为一般过去时态的被动语态，其结构是was/were done的形式。主语是The picture of a black hole，be动词用单数was。根据题意，故填was released。（2018上海中考真题）5. We will hold a class meeting to talk about team work next F

37、riday(改为被动语态)A class meeting will _ _ to talk about team work next Friday.【答案】be held【解析】原句为一般将来时，改为被动语态后使用 be 动词原形，hold 改为过去分词 held。（2017上海中考真题）6The local government organizes the film festival every autumn（改为被动语态）The film festival _by the local government every autumn【答案】is organized【解析】句意：当地政府每年秋

38、天组织电影节电影节每年秋天由当地政府组织考查被动语态由organizes 组织，第三人称单数，可知是一般现在时态的被动语态，结构是is/am/are+动词的过去分词主语是The film festival电影节，单数，因此用be动词单数isorganize的过去分词是organized答案是is organized（2016上海中考真题）7A middle school student invented a new robot last term. （改为被动语态）A new robot _ _ by a middle school student last term.【答案】 was inv

39、ented【详解】句意；上学期一个中学生发明了一种新的机器人。被动语态的结构是be done，原句中invented是动词过去式，故改为一般过去式被动语态，主语是单数形式，助动词用was，故填was；invented。一、单项选择1（2023上上海静安九年级校考期中）Many graduates _ to celebrate the 100th birthday of our school last week.AinvitedBwill be invitedCwere invitedDhad invited【答案】C【详解】句意：上周许多毕业生被邀请去庆祝我们学校的100岁生日。考查一般过去时

40、的被动语态。根据“last week”可知，句子的时态是一般过去时，主语“Many graduates”和谓语动词之间的关系是被动关系，因此此处用一般过去时的被动语态，其谓语动词构成为was/were done。故选C。2（2023上上海浦东新九年级校联考期中）Hangzhou Asian Games _ in September and in October, 2023.Atook placeBare heldCwere taken placeDheld【答案】A【详解】句意：杭州亚运会于2023年9月和10月举行。考查动词辨析及时态。take place发生，举行，无被动，排除选项C；ho

41、ld举办，主语一般是人。根据“in September and in October, 2023”可知，时态为一般过去时，排除选项B；此处主语为“Hangzhou Asian Games”，如用动词hold，则与之构成被动关系，被动语态结构为“be done”，排除选项D。故选A。3（2023上上海浦东新九年级校联考期中）Itll be a great honor if I _ to the charity evening party next week.AinviteBwill inviteCwill be invitedDam invited【答案】D【详解】句意：如果我能被邀请参加下周的

42、慈善晚会，那将是我莫大的荣幸。考查宾语从句和一般现在时的被动语态。根据“Itll be a great honor if I.to the charity evening party next week.”可知，句子是含if引导的条件状语从句的主从复合句，时态遵从”主将从现“，主句是一般将来时，此时从句用一般现在时，从句的主语I及动词invite之间是被动关系，所以此处用一般现在时的被动语态，谓语结构是am/is/are done。故选D。4（2023上上海黄浦九年级统考期中）Dont worry. Your package _ here until you come back, so enj

43、oy shopping here.AkeptBwas keepingChas been keptDwill be kept【答案】D【详解】句意：不要担心，你的包裹将被保存在这儿直到你回来，所以祝您购物愉快。考查一般将来时的被动语态。主语your package和动词keep之间是被动关系，应使用被动语态，排除A和B；含until的主从复合句遵循“主将从现”原则，故主句使用一般将来时的被动语态，谓语结构是will be done。故选D。5（2023上上海浦东新九年级统考期中）The famous fairy tale Three Little Pigs _ by almost all the

44、 children throughout the world.Ais readBare readCis readingDare reading【答案】A【详解】句意：世界上几乎所有的孩子都在读著名的童话三只小猪。考查被动语态。主语The famous fairy tale和谓语read之间是被动关系，用被动语态be done，且主语是单数，be动词用is。故选A。6（2022下上海静安九年级上海市市西中学校考期中）The winner of “Super Brain” _ this coming Saturday.Aare interviewedBwere interviewedCwill i

45、nterviewDwill be interviewed【答案】D【详解】句意：“最强大脑”的冠军将于本周六接受采访。考查时态。根据时间状语“this coming Saturday”可知，句子是一般将来时，故排除A、B项。结合选项可知，主语The winner of “Super Brain”应该是被采访，要采用被动语态be done。故选D。7（2022下上海闵行九年级上海市实验学校西校校考期中）After Shanghai Disney Resort _, it became a new tourist attraction.AcompletedBcompleteCis complete

46、dDwas completed【答案】D【详解】句意：上海迪士尼度假区建成后，成为了一个新的旅游景点。考查被动语态。首先根据“became”可知本句是一般过去时，排除BC选项。另外主语和动词complete之间是被动关系，应用一般过去时的被动语态“was/were done”。故选D。8（2022下上海黄浦九年级上海外国语大学附属大境初级中学校考期中）A large number of tea plants _ on the sides of the mountain every year.Awill be grownBare grownCis grownDgrow【答案】B【详解】句意：山的

47、侧面每年都种植着大量的茶树。考查一般现在时的被动语态。本句主语是动作的承受者，时态是一般现在时，所以用一般现在时的被动语态，主语是复数，故选B。9（2022下上海徐汇九年级统考期中）How many pieces of furniture _ at IKEA since last year?Ahave soldBhas soldCwere soldDhave been sold【答案】D【详解】句意：从去年开始，宜家已经卖了多少套家具？考查现在完成时被动语态。根据“since last year”可知，本题时态应为现在完成时。其次，furniture和sell构成被动关系，所以应用被动语态。故

48、选D。10（2022下上海徐汇九年级上海市徐汇中学校考期中）The doctor looked over Peter carefully after he _ to the hospital.Ais takenBhas takenCwas takenDtook【答案】C【详解】句意：彼得被送到医院后，医生仔细检查了他。考查一般过去时的被动语态。句子主语he与动词take之间是被动关系，应用被动语态，结合“looked over”可知，此处应用一般过去时的被动语态，结构为was/were done。故选C。11（2023上上海嘉定九年级校考期末）A high-tech ship _ after

49、the Mayflower that set sail from Plymouth in 1620.AnamesBwas namedCnamedDis named【答案】B【详解】句意：一艘高科技船以1620年从普利茅斯启航的五月花号命名的。考查一般过去时的被动语态。根据“in 1620”可知句子时态应用一般过去时，句子的主语A high-tech ship和谓语动词name之间存在被动关系，因此应用被动语态；一般过去时的被动语态结构为was/were+动词的过去分词，主语是单数，用was，name的过去分词是named，故选B。12（2022上上海宝山九年级统考开学考试）He bought

50、the car last year and it now requires _ regularly.Ato serviceBservicingCbeing servicedDservice【答案】B【详解】句意：他去年买了这辆车，现在需要定期维修。考查非谓语动词。根据“it now requires”可知，it指代the car，指物，此处是sth require doing“某物需要被做”，空处用主动形式表示被动。故选B。13（2022上上海静安九年级上海市市北初级中学校考期末）Henry has drawn five comic strips this year and two of th

51、em _ months ago.ApublishedBhave publishedCwere publishedDhave been published【答案】C【详解】句意：亨利今年画了五部连环画，其中两部是几个月前出版的。考查被动语态。根据“two of them . months ago.”可知，连环画是被出版的，即“two of them”与“published”之间是被动关系，且时间状语是“months ago”，因此时态是一般过去时。故选C。14（2023上海浦东新统考三模）Jane spends half of her pocket money on books. The res

52、t _ for future use.Ais savedBare savedCwas savedDhave been saved【答案】A【详解】句意：简花了一半的零用钱用来买书。剩下的存起来以后用。考查一般现在时的被动语态及主谓一致。由“spends”可知，句子应用一般现在时；又由“The rest”可知，此处是指剩下的零用钱，零用钱与动词“save”存在被动关系，故用一般现在时的被动语态：am/is/are+动词过去分词，钱为不可数名词，be动词用is。故选A。15（2023上海闵行统考二模）New energy cars _ by electricity, so they re envi

53、ronmentally friendly.Aare drivenBdriveCwere drivenDdrove【答案】A【详解】句意：新能源汽车是用电驱动的，所以它们对环境很友好。考查一般现在时的被动语态。主语New energy cars和谓语动词drive之间为逻辑上的动宾关系，应用被动语态；根据“so they re environmentally friendly.”可知，时态为一般现在时，故用一般现在时的被动语态。故选A。16（2023上海虹口统考二模）The World Cup is an international football competition that _ eve

54、ry four years.AholdsBheldCis heldDwas held【答案】C【详解】句意：世界杯是一项国际足球比赛，每四年举行一次。考查被动语态及动词时态。主语The World Cup和动词hold之间是逻辑上的动宾关系，世界杯被举行，故为被动语态。结合“every four years”可知，时态是一般现在时。故选C。17（2023上海黄浦统考二模）Frozen, a musical fantasy film, _ by Walt Disney in 2013.Ais producedBwas producedCwill be producedDhad been prod

55、uced【答案】B【详解】句意：冰雪奇缘是一部音乐奇幻电影，由华特迪士尼于2013年制作。考查动词时态和语态。根据“in 2013”可知，时态是一般过去时，结合“by Walt Disney”可知，此处用被动语态，所以此处是一般过去时的被动语态结构（was/were done），故选B。18（2023江苏南京校联考一模）The famous magician, as well as his assistants, _ to perform at the Spring Festival Gala in 2023.Awas invitedBwere invitedChas been invited

56、Dhave been invited【答案】A【详解】句意：这位著名的魔术师和他的助手被邀请在2023年的春节联欢晚会上表演。考查动词时态辨析和主谓一致。根据“at the Spring Festival Gala in 2023”可知，时态应为过去时，且主语为“The famous magician”第三人称单数，此处遵循“就远原则”，且为被邀请，应用一般过去时的被动语态，故用was invented。故选A。19（2023上海松江统考一模）Kitty _ allowed to stay outside late by her parents when she was under 18.Aw

57、asntBisntCwont beDhadnt been【答案】A【详解】句意：当Kitty不满18岁时，她父母不允许她在外面待到很晚。考查被动语态。wasnt不是，过去式；isnt不是；wont be将不会，一般将来时；hadnt been没有去过，过去完成时。根据“Kittyallowed”可知此句是被动语态，其结构为be+done；根据“when she was under 18”可知主句时态应是一般过去时，根据句意可知此处表达“不允许”。故填A。20（2023上海奉贤统考一模）Have you heard of the terrible news? Large amounts of o

58、ur personal information _ on the Internet last night.Ahave been soldBwas soldChas been soldDwere sold【答案】D【详解】句意：你听说这个可怕的消息了吗？昨晚我们的大量个人信息在互联网上被出售。考查被动语态。主语information和动词sell之间是被动关系，要用被动语态；根据时间状语“last night”可知句子时态应是一般过去时，所以要用一般过去时的被动语态，其结构为：was/were+动词的过去分词；“Large amounts of our personal information”

59、作主语时，be动词用were。故选D。二、句型转换21（2023上上海浦东新九年级校考期中）We call one of the most popular shows the voice of china.(改为被动语态)The voice of china one of the most popular shows.【答案】 is called【详解】句意：我们称最受欢迎的节目之一为中国之声。根据题目要求可知，要将所给句子改为被动句。主语中国之声被称为最受欢迎的节目之一。根据“We call”可知，本句时态为一般现在时，其被动语态为：be done。故填is；called。22（2023上上

60、海静安九年级校考期中）We have built many underground railways in the past few years. (改为被动语态)Many underground railways built in the past few years.【答案】 have been【详解】句意：在过去的几年里，我们已经修建了许多地下铁路。根据原句子中的“have built”可知，句子应用现在完成时的被动语态，构成为have/has been done，句子主语“Many underground railways”为复数，因此用have been。故填have；been。23

61、（2023上上海徐汇九年级位育中学校考期中）We will build a new hospital near our neighbourhood soon. (改为被动语态)A new hospital will near our neighbourhood soon.【答案】 be built【详解】句意：不久我们将在附近居民区建一所新医院。根据句中“will”可知，此句为一般将来时的被动语态，其构成为“will be done”，谓语动词为build，意为“建造”，其过去分词为built。故填be；built。24（2023上上海普陀九年级统考期中）My friends gave me

62、some books at my fifteenth birthday party.（改为被动语态）I some books at my fifteenth birthday party.【答案】 was given【详解】句意：我的朋友们在我第15个生日派对上给了我一些书。考查主动语态变被动语态。原句是一般过去时，应改为一般过去时的被动语态，其结构was/were done。主语是“I”，所以be动词用was；give的过去分词是given。故填was；given。25（2023上上海杨浦九年级统考期中）We didnt know many details about the poets e

63、arly life.（改为被动语态）Many details about the poets early life .【答案】 werent known【详解】句意：我们不知道很多有关诗人的早期生活。考查主动语态变被动语态。由“didnt”可知，原句是一般过去时的否定句，需用一般过去时的被动语态，其结构是was/were +动词过去分词，主语“Many details about the poets early life”是复数，be动词需用were，因原句是否定句，需填werent，动词know的过去分词是known。故填werent；known。26（2023上上海浦东新九年级校联考期中）

64、Did Damin throw the fish into a big basket?(改为被动语态) the fish into a big basket by Damin?【答案】 Were/Was thrown【详解】句意：大明把鱼扔到一个大篮子里了吗？原句时态是一般过去时，变被动语态时态也用一般过去时，其结构为was/were done，此处的主语是the fish既可以表示单数概念，也可表示复数，因此was/were均可使用，句子是一般疑问句，was/were置于句首，后跟动词过去分词thrown。故填Were/Was；thrown。27（2023上上海浦东新九年级统考期中）The

65、gardener waters the beautiful flowers every day. (改成被动语态)The beautiful flowers by the gardener every day.【答案】 are watered【详解】句意：园丁每天浇花。根据“waters”可知此处用一般现在时的被动语态be done，主语是名词复数，be动词用are，water的过去分词为watered。故填are；watered。28（2023上上海浦东新九年级上海市实验学校校考期中）The cartoonist has made the script into a finished com

66、ic strip. （改为被动语态）The script made into a finished comic strip by the cartoonist.【答案】 has been【详解】句意：漫画家把剧本做成了一幅漫画。根据“has made.”可知此处改为现在完成时的被动语态have/has been done，主语是名词单数，助动词用has。故填has；been。29（2023上海明珠中学校考）We should clean the classroom every day.（改为被动语态）The classroom should every day.【答案】 be cleaned【

67、详解】句意：我们应该每天打扫教室。根据“should clean”可知，变被动语态时，谓语动词应变为“be done”的结构，故此处应变为should be cleaned。故填be；cleaned。30（2023上海华育中学校考）Scientists will invent more amazing materials to save our lives.（改为被动语态）More amazing materials will to save our lives by scientists.【答案】be invented【详解】句意：科学家将发明更多神奇的材料来拯救我们的生命。原句是一般将来时，应改为一般将来时的被动语态，且结构为will be +动词的过去分词，invent的过去分词是invented。故填be invented。