专题08 阅读填表（10空）-冲刺2023年中考英语必考题型终极预测（江苏专用）.docx

1、冲刺2023年中考英语必考题型终极预测（江苏专用）专题08 阅读填表（10空）（2022江苏泰州二模）Shenzhou XIII taikonauts（航天员的）six-month stay at the Tiangong space station is wrapping up. Now they face one last test of their scientific and space travel skills returning home safely. Before they come back to Earth in mid-April, what needs to be d

2、one before leaving the space station?If you are coming home after a long journey, you have to pack up. For astronauts in space, they need to “pack” both experimental（实验的）information and samples（样品）and their personal belongings, so they can be further researched on the Earth.The astronauts have to ti

3、dy up many objects, including goods on the Tianzhou 3 cargo（货物）spacecraft, according to Zhong Weiwei, a researcher at the China Astronaut Research and Training Center.Since the space station has no room service, no one helps the three astronauts to “clean the house”. They need to collect a great amo

4、unt of waste. This includes leftover food, sanitary（卫生）waste and waste from in-orbit experiments. The waste is then put into the orbital module（轨道舱）, and the orbital module burns up as it re-enters Earths atmosphere.They must put all equipment（设备）in place correctly since there will be a gap of more

5、than one month before the astronauts of Shenzhou XIV enter the space station, according to Zhong. The three members need to make sure some items, such as gym equipment, are fixed to the walls to keep them from floating.Astronauts experience microgravity（微重力）for long periods of time during their stay

6、s on the space station, which has an effect on their bodies. This includes a loss of fluid（体液）, muscle atrophy（萎缩）. Whats more, they lose bone.To make sure of their safe return, the three taikonauts have been doing physical exercises to train their muscles for the return to the Earth. Based on their

7、 in-orbit physical examinations, experts have customized（定制）exercise plans for each of them to have a safe landing, Zhong told China Daily.请根据短文内容，完成信息记录表，每空一词。What needs to be done before Shenzhou XIII taikonauts _1_ the space station.Things that need to be packed._2_ their personal belongings, the

8、y also need to “pack” experimental information and samples.Things that need to be collected.*A large _3_ of objects like goods on the Tianzhou 3 cargo spacecraft.*The three astronauts need to “clean the house” by _4_.Then they put the waste into the orbital module （轨道舱）, _5_ burns up as it re-enters

9、 Earths atmosphere.*All equipment _6_ be put in place correctly.*Some items are fixed to the walls to _7_ floating.The _8_ of space travel on the human body.*A loss of fluid; *Muscle atrophy; *_9_ loss. The three astronauts have been doing exercises to return _10_.（2022江苏泰州二模）阅读下面短文，并根据所读内容在文章后表格中的空

10、格里填入一个最恰当的单词，每个空格只填1个单词。When students get bored with the boring classes in the classroom, the practical classes in the lab help them relax. There, students can get hands-on experience about the lessons they have learned. High school students are allowed to do the basic experiments (实验) of different

11、subjects of science, mainly physics, chemistry and biology. However, lab safety matters. Lab safety rules are mainly about personal safety and proper ways to use instruments to avoid accidents inside the lab. Middle school is the first chance for students to work in a science lab. Lab experiments ar

12、e carried out with great care. And the students are always told to follow the instructions to make sure of lab safety. Firstly, you must be careful of your personal safety. While doing experiments, you should be dressed in protective things, like gloves, safety glasses and caps. Since you are dealin

13、g with the instruments or the chemicals (化学制品) for the first time, you might be curious to try something new. But such activities often lead to lab dangers. So, avoid any kind of carelessness. There are different types of instruments inside a science lab. Physics labs are filled with different elect

14、rical instruments, which need safe using steps. So you need to do the experiments under the supervision (监督) of your teachers until you are good at them. Dont mix the chemicals as you like. It might cause danger. Also you should always keep a biology lab clean to avoid pollution. You are new to the

15、lab and it is your duty to learn about the lab completely. You should learn about the correct using steps of expensive instruments. Turn off the gas as soon as you finish your experiments. You also should learn about where the fire extinguisher is and the working of fire safety instruments. Lab _11_

16、 rules for school studentsIntroductionExperiments can _12_ students with hands-on experience about knowledge in the book. High school students have chances to do experiments in physics, chemistry and biology. You have to keep yourself safe by _13_ instruments properly.Personal safety_14_ protective

17、things while performing experiments is necessary. Dont be _15_ while dealing with the instruments or the chemicals.Safe operationDo the experiments under your teachers supervision. Dont have the chemicals mixed because it might be _16_.Keep a biology lab clean so that it wont be _17_._18_on learning

18、 about the lab_19_ learn about how to use expensive instruments.Dont leave the gas _20_ when you finish your experiments. Learn about where the fire extinguisher is and the working of fire safety instruments.（2022江苏兴化市教师发展中心二模）阅读下面短文，根据所读内容在文章后表格中的空格里填入一个最恰当的单词，每个空格只填1个单词。In recent times, the COVID-

19、19 pandemic has destroyed the age-old habit of shaking hands. It is most widely used as a greeting, but when did shaking hands become the standard greeting? The handshake dates all the way back to the 9th century BCKing Shalmanesar III ruled over Assyria, an empire（帝国）of the ancient Middle East. Arc

20、haeologists（考古学家）found a throne base from that time. It shows two people holding hands. In the 5th century BC, in Greece, this was a symbol of peace, showing that neither person carried a weapon. The handshake also makes an appearance in Homers ancient poem, the lliad（荷马史诗）. In it, two characters “s

21、hook each others hands”. However, these handshakes were not used as greetings. The earliest reference to a handshake greeting is in the 16th century novels by French writer Francois Rabelais, says Dutch sociologist Herman Roodenburg. Even so, the most widely accepted theory about the handshakes orig

22、in is that it survived through a group called the Quakers, who were devoted to equality and peace. As the movement spread, so did the handshake, eventually becoming standard among the working class in the mid-1700s. However, this was not the case everywhere, according to Roodenburg. Some French peop

23、le described it as a vulgar（平民）English greeting, so many maintained（维持） “la bise”, the traditional peck（轻吻）on two cheeks, which was widely used until the COVID-19 outbreak. In many countries, people have started touching elbows or ankles to greet each other instead of shaking hands, as this is belie

24、ved to be safer. Title: The _21_ of handshakesDifferent _22_ _23_ happenedIn the 9th century BCA throne base found by archaeologists shows two persons _24_ hands. In the 5th century BCGreek people thought the handshake was a _25_ of peace. Also, the handshake _26_ in Homers lliad. In the 16th centur

25、yIn Francois Rabelais novels the handshake was _27_ considered as a way to greet each other. In the mid-1700sThe handshake _28_ standard among the working class. Shaking hands was widely used around the world _29_ the COVID-19 outbreak. Instead, people in many countries think its _30_ to touch elbow

26、s or ankles as a greeting. （2022江苏镇江模拟预测）Man did not have to think about the protection of his environment in the past. There were not many people on the Earth, and natural resources seemed to be unlimited. Today, things are different. There are too many people on the Earth. We are using up our natu

27、ral resources too quickly, and at the same time we are polluting our environment with dangerous chemicals. If we continue like this, human life on the Earth will not survive. Everyone realizes today that if too many fish are taken from the sea, there will soon be none left. Yet, with modern fishing

28、methods, more and more fish are caught. We know that if people cut down more trees, forests will disappear and nothing will grow on the land. We realize that if rivers are polluted with waste products from factories, we will die. However, in most countries, waste products are still put into rivers o

29、r into the sea, and there are few laws to stop this. We know, too, that if the population of the world continues to rise at the present rate, in a few years, there will not be enough food. What can we do to solve these problems? If we eat more vegetables and less meat, we will easily get more food.

30、Land that is used to grow crops can feed five times more people than land where animals are kept. The world population will not rise so quickly if people use modern methods of birth control. Finally, if we educate people to think about the problems, our living place will be better and cleaner in the

31、 future. The importance of _31_ the environmentProblemsMore fish being _32_.More trees being _33_ down. More waste products being put into rivers or the sea. More _34_ being born. CausesThe world is becoming too _35_.Modern methods make the situation _36_._37_We human beings will not survive on the

32、Earth. SolutionsEat more vegetables and less meat so that _38_ food will be available for everyone. Use modern methods of _39_ control so that the population will not grow too fast. Educate people so that the _40_ will be better and cleaner. （2022江苏南京二模）阅读下列短文，并根据所读内容在文章后表格中的空格里填入一个最恰当的单词。 注意: 每个空格只

33、填1个单词。The way in which we communicate with others can be greatly improved by building a better vocabulary. In our personal life, we communicate and share experiences with others. However, how well we do it depends on our ability to express ourselves through spoken and written language. Luckily, incr

34、easing our word power can make us own the skills we need to communicate better with others and can also help us get better results in our study. When you see a new word, whether through reading or hearing someone say the word, just be ready to take out your dictionary and look it up learn about the

35、word and anything that relates(与相关)to it. If you understand the word, youll hopefully remember it well.Meanwhile, youd better write down words to learn. You can go through the dictionary, magazine and newspaper and write down the words that you dont know. Try go over them every daylook at the words

36、and speak them out loudly. Copy the words over and over again, along with their meanings, and you will surprisingly remember them in no time.You can also do word games, such as word searches, crossword puzzles and so on. Playing these games, you are more likely to come across new words, and when you

37、 dont know the words, study them. The more words you have in your brains word bank, the better you will become at these word games. You will be remembering, learning and having fun, too.Finally, reading is also believed to be an excellent way to learn new words and build up your vocabulary. Read thi

38、ngs you are interested in, because in this way, you are less likely to become bored. But dont skip over (忽略) those words you dont know. Instead, you should remember and use them in your own daily conversations. Use them more, and youll surely have a better chance of remembering them.Topic: Increasin

39、g Your Vocabulary_41_ of building a better vocabularyu Express ourselves well through spoken and written language _42_ on our vocabulary ability.u Our study can be _43_ if we increase our word power.Suggestions on remembering new words1. Remember every new word you meet with by _44_ it.u Learn about

40、 the word and anything relates to it by working it up in your dictionary.2. Make a list of new words to learn.u Write down the _45_ words you read.u _46_ the words every day by looking at and speaking them out loudly.3. Do word _47_.u It may be possible to come across new words when playing these ga

41、mes. Study them when you are _48_ in new words.4. Learn words through reading.u Dont forget to read things you _49_.u _50_ skipping over new words, but remember and use them more.（2022江苏泰兴市济川初级中学模拟预测）Scientists have developed a water treatment system that they say is a powerful but simple way to sav

42、e lives. Four grams of chemicals can treat ten liters of dirty water for a low cost, about ten cents.Experts say infections (传染病) from dirty water kill several thousand children in developing countries every day. The Procter and Gamble company has been developing the “PUR Purifier of Water” system s

43、ince nineteen ninety-five. The company has been working with the United States Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, tested it in Pakistan and Kenya. Procter and Gamble researcher Greg Allgood says cases of diarrhea (腹泻) in those studies fell by about fifty percent.Researchers from Johns Hopki

44、ns University in Maryland tested the system at a refugee camp in Liberia. Mister Allgood says that study found a reduction of more than ninety percent.Use of the system is being expanded (扩张) worldwide. Findings were described last week at an American Chemical Society meeting.Mister Allgood heads th

45、e Childrens Safe Drinking Water program at Procter and Gamble. He says about forty million packets of the treatment have been given to countries for free. They have been used in emergencies and in areas with limited supplies of clean water.Clean water is a limited resource in many parts of the world

46、. Delegates from about one hundred and thirty nations attended the Fourth World Water Forum in Mexico City.Scientists, policy experts and others discussed ways to provide clean water to the worlds poor. Organizers say more than twenty percent of the world population lack (缺乏) clean drinking water.He

47、 final declaration (宣言) did not go so far as to declare water a human right. But it did say that governments, not private companies, must take the lead in improving the publics ability to have clean water.Title: A Small Packet of _51_ a big Effect on WaterThe present situation Clean water is a limit

48、ed _52_ in many parts of the world.Drinking dirty water _53_ several thousand children in developing countries every day.Nearly one-fifth of the would population dont have _54_ clean water.The functions ofthe _55_Cases of diarrhea in Pakistan and Kenya have _56_ by about fifty percent.A _57_ of more

49、 than ninety percent was found at a refugee camp in Liberia.About forty million packets of the treatment have been given to countries without _58_.The Fourth World Water ForumWays were discussed to _59_ clean water to the poor people in the world.Its governments _60_ to take measures to offer clean

50、water to the people.（2022江苏南京二模）任务型阅读All children should grow up happily and healthily. However, some children are facing or will face abuse（虐待）in their lives. Theyll be hurt or touched on private(私人的) parts of their body. We call these unsafe touches and they are abuse. Unsafe touches are scary and

51、 confusing（迷惑的）because they can seem playful or gentle. Even if it can be very hard to talk about it for children who experience unsafe touches from a friend or family member, we have to talk about it.The following six rules are “The Protect Yourself Rules” created by Barbara Sinatra Childrens Cente

52、r Foundation. Children can use these rules to know unsafe situations when they see them and to know how to get away if they need it.Safe Touch, Unsafe TouchWe know safe touches are hugs from our family or high-fives with our friends. But unsafe touches are touches on private parts of your body. No o

53、ne should ever touch you on your part of body that are covered by your bathing suit or ask you to touch their private parts. However, it is okay for a doctor to touch you on your private parts when giving you a check-up when your mom or dad is in the room.Tell a Grown-upIf someone gives you an unsaf

54、e touch, they might want you to keep it a secret. They might make you promise or give you presents to keep you from telling. But you always have to tell. You can tell your parents or another grown-up what has happened. Its never your fault if someone touches you like this. Keep telling until someone

55、 helps you and makes sure the unsafe touches never happen again.Stranger SafetyA stranger is a person you dont know. Most strangers are usually nice and friendly. We dont have to be afraid of them but we should always make smart choices around the people we dont know. Being smart means dont be alone

56、 with strangers or go anywhere with them even if they seem nice.Doesnt Matter Who It IsBesides strangers, we should protect ourselves from any potential abuse. Even if someone may be your friend, your private parts should never be touched. But, also keep in mind that most people are good and we shou

57、ldnt be afraid of people around us with an uneasy psychology.Hitting Is WrongIf someone hits you, or you see someone is being hurt, remember to tell another grown-up. Telling teachers and asking for their help is also a good choice.Shout, Run, TellIf anyone makes you feel unsafe, shout “stop!” or “d

58、ont touch me!” loudly and clearly. It doesnt matter who it is or where you are. Shout at them to stop, run away and tell the adults you trust. Dont be scared. Shout as loud as you can. The more people that hear you, the better.We hope children abuse never happens, but if someone hurts you, remember

59、these six rules and use them to protect yourself.Childrens self-protectionAt presentAll children should grow up happily and healthily but some children are facing or will face abuse in their lives.For children who have experienced the abuse, it is very hard to talk about, which makes the situation _

60、61_._62_To help more children know unsafe situations and protect themselves, Barbara Sinatra Childrens Center Foundation created “The Protect Yourself Rules”.The Protect Yourself RulesSafe Touch, Unsafe TouchIts hard to tell the _63_ between safe touches and unsafe touches because some unsafe touche

61、s seem to be playful or gentle. Hugs from family, high-fives with friends and doctors check-up can be _64_ as safe touches. Unsafe touches mean touches on private parts that are covered by bathing suit.Tell a Grown-upPeople who give you an unsafe touch might ask you to keep it a secret by _65_ you p

62、resents. But you have to keep telling until someone helps you and makes sure that the unsafe touches never happen a _66_ time.Stranger SafetyWe should always make smart choices around _67_ and never be alone with them or go anywhere with them even if they seem nice.Doesnt Matter Who It IsWe should p

63、rotect ourselves from any potential abuse. But, also _68_ that most people are good and we should live with an easy psychology.Hitting Is WrongIf someone hits you, or you see someone is being hurt, remember to tell the grown-ups.Shout, Run, TellIf anyone makes you feel unsafe, shout in a _69_ and cl

64、ear voice, run away and tell the adults you _70_ in. The more people that hear you, the better.（2022江苏泰州二模）阅读下面短文，根据所读内容在文章后表格中的空格里填入一个最恰当的单词，每个空格只填一个单词。The Island of Jura is one of Scotlands best kept secretsa beautiful but little known island with a population of some 200 people. The quiet life of

65、 Jura would be hard to find anywhere else, and people of Jura are proud of that. However, if you want an active holiday, there are many things for you to see and do.If you enjoy walking and hill climbing, for example, then the hills of Jura, which rise to more than 800 metres, should be on your list

66、. As these walks take about seven hours, strong walking boots are recommended.Beautiful birds, seals, golden eagles From the moment you get off the Jura ferry(轮渡), you will see deer happily feeding on sea plants along the shoreline. You will get those special once-in-a-lifetime photos of wild animal

67、s.The Ardfin Gardens are open all year round. Entry is through the main gate, where you will find an information board and short guides to the two garden walks. The beginning of both walks will take you over a small stream. It is here that you turn left to do the longer of the two walks along the cl

68、iff tops. The views are amazing and on a clear day you will be able to see as far as Northern Ireland. Back at sea level, remember to visit the walled garden. Here you will see native plants mixed with plants from far-away countries.The island has only one large hotel. The Jura Hotel offers visitors

69、 nice rooms and an excellent menu, and their prices are what you would expect to pay in other parts of Scotland. Just opposite the hotel is Jura Stores. From the outside, it looks like any other small village shop. However, once inside you will be surprised at the goodsfrom delicious cakes to waterp

70、roofs and sleeping bags.The Island of Jura_71_ about Jura Jura is an island in Scotland which _72_ people know. Only about 200 people _73_ there enjoy the quiet life._74_ for touristsWalking and hill climbing The hills of Jura are over 800 metres in _75_. Youd better wear strong boots because its se

71、ven _76_ walk.Seeing wild animals You can take special photos of wild animals.Visiting the Ardfin Gardens Tourists can visit the Ardfin Gardens during the _77_ year. Youll see many plants from home and _78_ in the walled garden.Hotels & shops The Jura Hotel offers nice rooms and dishes at a similar

72、_79_ of other parts of Scotland._80_ Jura Stores is small, it sells many kinds of goods.（2022江苏南京二模）请认真阅读下列短文，并根据所读内容，在文章后的空格里填入一个最恰当的单词。注意：每个空格只填1个单词。Do you know the reason why we feel tired in the middle of a class? Maybe you would say it is because the teachers class is boring. However, the real

73、reason is probably that we dont have enough sleep. Perhaps this is something you have not paid enough attention to or not yet noticed. Here are what sleep researchers have found about how to sleep.Why do we need sleep? Sleep helps our body heal, grow, and stay healthy. It also gives us energy, so we

74、 can be active all day. Doctors and health scientists say: When you close your eyes and need a rest, sleep is just the very best! This is more than advice. Enough sleep is important to us how much sleep do we need? It is known that all of us naturally need no less than eight hours of sleep per night

75、. When we sleep below six hours per 24, were at an increased risk of health problems. Some of us think we can make up any of those hours lost during the week on the weekends. Sadly, there is no storage (储存) system for sleep in the brain. New-born babies sleep most of the time. They can sleep 20-22 h

76、ours a day. Children need 10-12 hours of sleep a day. Teenagers need 8-10 hours of sleep a day because they need lots of energy to grow into their adult bodies. Grown-ups usually need 6-8 hours of sleep to keep active. A new research suggests a kind of strong connection between purpose in life and s

77、leep. People who have a greater sense of purpose usually have better physical and mental health, which in turn explains their higher-quality sleep. Perhaps developing a sense of purpose in life could be as useful at improving sleep as the healthy habits above. Almost everyone has their dreams while

78、they sleep, but not all of them can tell their dreams clearly when they wake up. Some people talk in their dreams. More surprisingly, some may even get up in their dreams and walk around. This is called “sleepwalking”. Are you a sleepwalker? Or, is there a sleepwalker around you? A _81_ on SleepIntr

79、oductionNot getting enough sleep can _82_ our study and work. Results of sleep researchReasons for sleeping Sleep can not only help our body heal and grow, but also help us remain healthy. We can be active in the daytime because sleep makes us _83_. Sleep time People of different _84_ need different

80、 sleep time. The older people get, the less sleep they get. Sleeping less than six hours a day can _85_ the risk of health problems. Making up the lost sleeping hours during the workweek is _86_. Connection between purpose of life and sleep qualityA sense of purpose in life is strongly _87_ with sle

81、ep quality. People with a greater sense of purpose may sleep _88_. Peoples higher quality of sleep _89_ on their better physical and mental health. Interesting facts Some people talk in their dreams. Its more _90_ that some may even get up in their dreams and walk around. （2022江苏泰州二模）Keep It SimpleF

82、our Simple Ways to Better Your WritingI always say to my student, “Simple done right is better than complicated (复杂的) done wrong.” In other words, its better to keep things simple and do it well, rather than over-complicate everything and do it badly.So, in English writing exams, you want to show of

83、f your English, but you want to show off your right English, not all this English that you dont know or havent learnt yet.Have a Collection of Set PhrasesIn order to avoid making mistakes in your writing, its a really good idea to have a collection of set phrases and key words that you can use in th

84、e exam. Now, you do have to be careful with this. You dont want to practice what youre going to write, but you do want to have a nice collection of things and get key phrases prepared. Make sure that you have different ways toCompare: in the same way, at the same timeShow effect: as a result, theref

85、oreConclude: in short, in conclusion, in allSo, thats just a very brief list showing you exactly what you need to study to be fully ready for any English writing exam.Reduce Your word CountUse as few words as possible. Avoid pointless words like “very”, “a lot”. Take the place of them, instead, with

86、 a strong word. So, instead of saying “so scared” I would say, “terrified”. By using strong words, you can reduce your word count by a bit.Another way is avoiding “there is” and “there are”. We want everything to be as clear as possible. Therefore, your writing will get a rapid increase in quality.C

87、heck Your WorkStudents will make some stupid mistakes when theyre writing. After being asked to correct the mistakes, they will say, “We already know this. So easy!” and its because they dont check their work.I personally think its much better if you write less and check more. Fewer words, high accu

88、racy (准确率). Then you will make your writing perfect.阅读短文，完成表格，每空一词。Four Simple Ways to Better Your WritingKeep It SimpleKeep things simple and do it well, _91_ of over complicating everything and doing it badly.Show off your English by presenting right English but not the English _92_ or not learnt.

89、_93_ Set PhrasesHave a collection of set phrases and key words to _94_ making mistakes.Make sure that you have different ways to express your idea, like “as a result”, “ _95_ ” to show effect.List what you need to study to _96_ for writing exams.Reduce Your Word CountReplace pointless words with _97

90、_ ones.Avoid using “there is” or “there are” to _98_ the quality of your writing.Check Your WorkSome stupid mistakes are made because the students _99_ to check their work.ConclusionWrite less and check more, _100_ sure fewer words but high accuracy, and you will write perfectly.参考答案：1leave2Besides3

91、number4themselves5which6must7stop8effects9Bone10Earth【导语】本文主要讲了神舟十三号航天员要离开空间站返回地球都需要做哪些准备以及失重环境对他们身体的影响。1根据第一段“Before they come back to Earth in mid-April,what needs to be done before leaving the space station?”可知本文主要讲了宇航员离开空间站之前需要做什么，leave“离开”，一般现在时中复数名词后谓语动词用原形。故填leave。2根据第二段“For astronauts in spa

92、ce, they need to pack both experimental（实验的）information and samples（样品）and their personal belongings, so they can be further researched on the Earth.”可知除了他们的个人物品意外还需要“打包”实验信息和样本。besides“除之外（还）”，故填Besides。3根据第三段“The astronauts have to tidy up many objects,including goods on the Tianzhou 3 cargo （货物）

93、spacecraft.”可知宇航员需要收集很多东西，比如天舟三号货运飞船上的货物，many与a large number of同义。故填number。4根据第四段“Since the space station has no room service, no one helps the three astronauts to clean the house. They need to collect a great amount of waste.”可知，宇航员需要自己打扫房间，用反身代词表示自己。故填themselves。5根据第四段“The waste is then put into t

94、he orbital module（轨道舱）, and the orbital module burns up as it re-enters Earths atmosphere.”可知这些废物被放入轨道舱，轨道舱在重新进入地球大气层时燃烧，定语从句先行词为物，用关系代词which。故填which。6根据第五段“The three members need to make sure some items, such as gym equipment, are fixed to the walls to keep them from floating.”可知，所有的东西必须正确地被固定。must

95、“必须”。故填must。7根据第五段“The three members need to make sure some items, such as gym equipment, are fixed to the walls to keep them from floating.”可知，所有的东西必须正确地被固定，以防止漂浮，keep.from与stop同义，to后跟动词原形。故填stop。8根据第六段“Astronauts experience microgravity（微重力） for long periods of time during their stays on the space

96、 station, which has an effect on their bodies.”可知这里主要讲了太空旅行中对人的身体的影响，effect“影响”，用可数名词复数。故填effects。9根据第六段“This includes a loss of fluid（体液）, muscle atrophy（萎缩）.Whats more, they lose bone.”可知第三个影响是失去骨骼。故填Bone。10根据最后一段“To make sure of their safe return, the three taikonauts have been doing physical exe

97、rcises to train their muscles for the return to the Earth.”可知他们做体育锻炼是为了返回地球。故填Earth。11safety12provide13using14Wear15careless16dangerous17polluted18Tips#Advice#Suggestions19Correctly20on【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述学生在使用实验室做实验时必须学习和遵守的实验室安全规则。11根据“However, lab safety matters. Lab safety rules are mainly about

98、personal safety and proper ways to use instruments to avoid accidents inside the lab.”可知本文主要讲述学生在实验室的安全规则，故填safety。12根据“When students get bored with the boring classes in the classroom, the practical classes in the lab help them relax. There, students can get hands-on experience about the lessons th

99、ey have learned.”可知学生们能在实验室得到有关他们学的课程的动手操作的经验，所以应是实验提供动手操作的经历，故填provide。13根据“Lab safety rules are mainly about personal safety and proper ways to use instruments to avoid accidents inside the lab.”可知在实验室必须正确地使用仪器以保证安全，所以应填use“使用”，by“通过”介词，后续动名词，故填using。14根据“ While doing experiments, you should be dr

100、essed in protective things, like gloves, safety glasses and caps.”可知做实验时，应该穿保护作用的东西，故填Wear。15根据“Since you are dealing with the instruments or the chemicals for the first time, you might be curious to try something new. But such activities often lead to lab dangers. So, avoid any kind of carelessness

101、.”可知在处理化学制品时一定避免任何种类的粗心，因为可能会导致实验室危险。此处应填形容词，故填careless。16根据“Dont mix the chemicals as you like. It might cause danger.”可知不要随心所欲地混合化学制品，它可能导致危险。此处应填一个形容词，故填dangerous。17根据“Also you should always keep a biology lab clean to avoid pollution.”可知要保持生物实验室干净，以避免污染。此处应填动词过去分词，构成被动语态，故填polluted。18此句后面的内容应是关于

102、学习实验室有关事项的建议，故填Tips/Advice/Suggestions。19根据“You should learn about the correct using steps of expensive instruments.”可知应该学习实验设备正确的使用步骤，此处应填一个副词，故填Correctly。20根据“Turn off the gas as soon as you finish your experiments.”可知当完成实验时应关闭煤气即不要使煤气保持开着，故填on。21history#development22times#periods23What24holding25

103、symbol26appeared27first28became29until30safer【导语】本文介绍了握手这项古老习惯的历史。21根据“It is most widely used as a greeting, but when did shaking hands become the standard greeting?”及全文内容可知，本文介绍了握手这项古老习惯的历史/发展。故填history/development。22根据“In the 9th century BC ”，“In the 5th century BC”，“In the 16th century”和“In the m

104、id-1700s”，这里分别介绍了不同的时期，Different后跟名词复数。故填periods/times。23根据表格第二列对应的内容可知，讲了不同的时期，发生了什么事情。故填What。24根据“Archaeologists（考古学家）found a throne base from that time. It shows two people holding hands.”可知，考古学家发现的一个王座基座上展示了两个人握着手。故填holding。25根据“In the 5th century BC, in Greece, this was a symbol of peace, showi

105、ng that neither person carried a weapon.”可知，希腊人认为握手是和平的象征。故填symbol。26根据“The handshake also makes an appearance in Homers ancient poem, the lliad（荷马史诗）.”可知，握手也出现在荷马史诗中，动词使用过去式。故填appeared。27根据“The earliest reference to a handshake greeting is in the 16th century novels by French writer Francois Rabela

106、is, says Dutch sociologist Herman Roodenburg.”可知，在弗朗索瓦拉伯雷的小说中，握手首先被认为是相互问候的一种方式。故填first。28根据“As the movement spread, so did the handshake, eventually becoming standard among the working class in the mid-1700s.”可知，握手成为工人阶级的标准礼节，使用动词过去式。故填became。29根据“In recent times, the COVID-19 pandemic has destroye

107、d the age-old habit of shaking hands. ”和“Some French people described it as a vulgar（平民）English greeting, so many maintained（维持） la bise, the traditional peck（轻吻）on two cheeks, which was widely used until the COVID-19 outbreak. ”可知，在新冠肺炎爆发之前，握手在世界各地被广泛使用。故填until。30根据“In many countries, people have s

108、tarted touching elbows or ankles to greet each other instead of shaking hands, as this is believed to be safer.”可知，许多国家的人认为用手肘或脚踝打招呼更安全。故填safer。31protecting32caught33cut34babies35crowded36worse37Result38more39birth40living place【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了保护环境的重要性。从存在的问题，产生问题的原因，导致的后果以及解决问题的办法等四个方面进行了阐述。31通读全

109、文可知，本文主要介绍了保护环境的重要性，protect“保护”；介词of后接动名词protecting作宾语。故填protecting。32根据“Yet, with modern fishing methods, more and more fish are caught.”可知，随着现代捕鱼方法的发展，越来越多的鱼被捕获，catch“捕获”；“being+过去分词caught”表被动。故填caught。33根据“We know that if people cut down more trees, forests will disappear and nothing will grow on

110、 the land.”可知，越来越多的树被砍倒，cut down“砍倒”；“being+过去分词cut”表被动。故填cut。34根据“We know, too, that if the population of the world continues to rise at the present rate, in a few years, there will not be enough food.”可知，人口数量上升，即更多的婴儿出生，baby“婴儿”；more“更多的”后接复数名词。故填babies。35根据“There are too many people on the Earth.

111、”可知，地球上有太多的人，这使得这个世界变得很拥挤，crowded“拥挤的”，形容词作表语。故填crowded。36根据“Yet, with modern fishing methods, more and more fish are caught. We know that if people cut down more trees, forests will disappear and nothing will grow on the land.”可知，通过先进的方法捕鱼和砍伐树木可知，一些现代化的先进方法会使情况变得更加糟糕，bad“坏的，严重的”，此处是与过去的情况作对比，应用比较级w

112、orse作宾语补足语。故填worse。37根据“If we continue like this, human life on the Earth will not survive.”可知，如果我们不改善这些环境问题，无法在地球上生存就是我们会遇到的结果，此空应填单数名词result“结果”，首字母r应大写。故填Result。38根据“If we eat more vegetables and less meat, we will easily get more food.”可知，如果我们多吃蔬菜，少吃肉，我们很容易得到更多的食物。故填more。39根据“The world populatio

113、n will not rise so quickly if people use modern methods of birth control.”可知，如果人们使用现代控制生育方法，世界人口将不会如此迅速增长。故填birth。40根据“Finally, if we educate people to think about the problems, our living place will be better and cleaner in the future.”可知，如果我们教育人们思考这些问题，我们的生活场所将在未来变得更好、更清洁。故填living place。41Advantag

114、es42depending43improved44understanding45unknown46Review47games48caught49like50Avoid【导语】本文是一篇说明文。本文主要讲述了增加词汇量的方法。41根据表格内容及文中第一段“Luckily, increasing our word power can make us own the skills we need to communicate better with others and can also help us get better results in our study.”可知，这里讲的是增进词汇量的好

115、处，advantages“好处”，句首首字母大写。故填Advantages。42根据文中第一段“how well we do it depends on our ability to express ourselves through spoken and written language.”可知，用口语和书面语很好地表达自己取决于我们的词汇能力，depend“取决于”，此处应用动名词作状语。故填depending。43根据文中第一段“increasing our word power can make us own the skills we need to communicate bett

116、er with others and can also help us get better results in our study.”可知，如果我们增加词汇能力，我们的学习就可以提高，主语和谓语之间是动宾关系，因此用过去分词。故填improved。44根据第二段“If you understand the word, youll hopefully remember it well.”可知，此处是讲通过理解记忆单词，by后跟动词-ing。故填understanding。45根据第三段“You can go through . write down the words that you do

117、nt know.”可知，此处是讲写下你不知道的单词。故填unknown。46根据第三段“Try go over them every daylook at the words and speak them out loudly.”可知，说的是每天要复习单词，review“复习”，位于句首首字母大写。故填Review。47根据第四段“You can also do word games”可知，说的是做单词游戏。故填games。48根据第四段“Playing these games, you are more likely to come across new words, and when yo

118、u dont know the words, study them.”可知，说的是在做游戏中遇到新单词的时候，去学习它们。catch“看见，抓住”，此处表被动，用过去分词。故填caught。49根据最后一段“Read things you are interested in, because in this way, you are less likely to become bored.”可知，说的是读一些你喜欢的内容。故填like。50根据最后一段“dont skip over (忽略) those words you dont know. Instead, you should reme

119、mber and use them in your own daily conversations. Use them more . them.”可知，说的是要避免忽略那些不知道的单词，avoid doing sth“避免做”，位于句首，首字母大写。故填Avoid。51Chemicals 52resource 53kills54enough#adequate55system56fallen#dropped#decreased57reduction58charge59provide#supply60duty#obligation#responsibility【导语】本文主要讲述的是清洁饮用水的缺

120、乏。而科学家们已经开发出一种水处理系统，他们认为这是一种强大而简单的拯救生命的方法。51根据“Four grams of chemicals can treat ten liters of dirty water for a low cost, about ten cents.”可知，此处是指一小包化学品对水有很大影响。chemicals“化学品”；此处是大标题，单词首字母需大写。故填Chemicals。52根据“In many parts of the world, clean water is a limited resource. ”可知，在世界许多地方，干净的水是一种有限的资源。故填r

121、esource。53根据“Experts say infections(传染病) from dirty water kill several thousand children in developing countries every day. ”可知，专家说，发展中国家每天都有数千名儿童死于脏水感染，kill“死”，动词；又因动名词作主语，谓语动词用单数形式。故填kills。54根据“Organisers say more than 20% of the worlds population lacks clean drinking water.”可知，组织者说，世界上超过 20% 的人口缺

122、乏干净的饮用水。空后有名词，所以此处需填入形容词enough/adequate“足够的”。故填enough/adequate。55根据“Procter & Gamble has been developing the PUR water purifier system since 1895. ”以及右栏内容可知，此处是在说这个系统的功能和作用。故填system。56根据“In those studies, cases of diarrhoea dropped by about 50%, said P&G researcher Gre Allgood.”可知，研究员Gre Allgood表示，在

123、这些研究中，腹泻病例减少了约 50%。fall/drop/decrease“减少，降低”，动词；又因本句是一般过去时，动词需用过去式。故填fallen/dropped/decreased。57根据“Researchers at Johns Hopkins University in Maryland tested the system in a refugee camp in Liberia. Mr Allgood said the study found a reduction of more than 90 percent.”可知，在利比里亚的一个难民营中测试了该系统，研究发现难民人数减少

124、了90%以上。故填reduction。58根据“He said about 40 million packages of the treatment have been provided to countries free of charge.”可知，已经免费向各国提供了大约4000万包治疗。故填charge。59根据“Scientists, policy experts and others discuss ways to bring clean water to the worlds poor.”可知，科学家、政策专家和其他人讨论了向世界上的穷人提供清洁水的方法。provide/suppl

125、y“提供”，动词；又因空前有动词不定式符号，所以此处用动词原形。故填provide/supply。60根据“But it does say that governments, not private companies, must take the lead in improving public access to clean water.”可知，政府有责任采取措施为人民提供清洁的水。duty/obligation/responsibility“责任”，名词；又因空前有be动词“is”，其后跟名词单数形式。故填duty/obligation/responsibility。61worse62P

126、urpose63differences64regarded65giving66second67strangers68remember69loud70believe【导语】本文主要讲述了孩子们遇到危险时，可以使用哪些规则来保护自己。61根据“ Even if it can be very hard to talk about it for children who experience unsafe touches from a friend or family member, we have to talk about it.”可知，即使对于那些经历过朋友或家人不安全触摸的孩子来说，谈论它可能

127、会很困难，但我们必须谈论它，由此推断，不谈论会使情况更糟，worse“更糟糕的”，故填worse。62根据“To help more children know unsafe situations and protect themselves, Barbara Sinatra Childrens Center Foundation created “The Protect Yourself Rules”.”可知，这是在介绍创立“自我保护规则”的目的，purpose“目的”，首字母大写。故填Purpose。63根据“Unsafe touches are scary and confusing（迷

128、惑的）because they can seem playful or gentle.”可知，不安全的触摸是可怕和令人困惑的迷惑的，因为它们可能看起来幽默或温柔。由此推断，很难分辨安全触摸和不安全触摸的区别，difference“区别”，用复数形式。故填differences。64根据“We know safe touches are hugs from our family or high-fives with our friends. ”和“However, it is okay for a doctor to touch you on your private parts when gi

129、ving you a check-up when your mom or dad is in the room.”可知，家人的拥抱、朋友的击掌和医生的检查被认为是安全触摸，be后跟动词的过去分词构成被动语态结构，be regarded as“被认为是”。故填regarded。65根据“If someone gives you an unsafe touch, they might want you to keep it a secret. They might make you promise or give you presents to keep you from telling.”可知，

130、对你进行不安全的触摸的人可能会通过给你礼物的方式让你保密，give“给”，by为介词，其后跟动名词。故填giving。66根据“Keep telling until someone helps you and makes sure the unsafe touches never happen again.”可知，你必须一直告诉别人，直到有人帮助你，并确保不安全的触摸不会再次发生。a second time“再一次”，固定短语。故填second。67根据“We dont have to be afraid of them but we should always make smart choi

131、ces around the people we dont know. ”可知，我们应该总是在陌生人身边做出明智的选择，stranger“陌生人”，此处应用复数形式表示类别。故填strangers。68根据“But, also keep in mind that most people are good and we shouldnt be afraid of people around us with an uneasy psychology.”可知，但是，也要记住，大多数人都是好的，我们不应该因为不安的心理而害怕周围的人，keep in mind=remember“记住”。故填rememb

132、er。69根据“If anyone makes you feel unsafe, shout “stop!” or “dont touch me!” loudly and clearly.”可知，如果有人让你感到不安全，大声而清晰地喊“停”或“别碰我”，loud“大声的”，形容词作定语。故填loud。70根据“Shout at them to stop, run away and tell the adults you trust. ”可知，冲他们喊停，然后跑开，告诉你信任的大人，trust=believe in“相信”。故填believe。71Introductions#Facts#Info

133、rmation72few73living74Activities75height76hours77whole78abroad79price80Although#Though【导语】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了鲜为人知的侏罗岛的一些信息，包括海拔、人口、景色等。71根据“The Island of Jura is one of Scotlands best kept secretsa beautiful but little known island with a population of some 200 people. ”可知，这是在介绍侏罗岛的信息，故填Introductions/Facts

134、/Information。72根据“The Island of Jura is one of Scotlands best kept secretsa beautiful but little known island with a population of some 200 people.”可知侏罗岛是一个很少有人知道的岛屿，people集合名词，用few修饰。故填few。73根据“The Island of Jura is one of Scotlands best kept secretsa beautiful but little known island with a popula

135、tion of some 200 people.”可知岛上大约有200人居住。live表示“居住”，用现在分词作后置定语。故填living。74根据“If you enjoy walking and hill climbing, for example, then the hills of Jura, which rise to more than 800 metres, should be on your list.”可知此处介绍游客可以在侏罗岛体验的活动。activity表示“活动”，此处用复数形式。故填Activities。75根据“If you enjoy walking and hi

136、ll climbing, for example, then the hills of Jura, which rise to more than 800 metres, should be on your list.”可知侏罗山海拔800多米，in height表示“高度”。故填height。76根据“As these walks take about seven hours, strong walking boots are recommended.”可知推荐穿步行靴，因为要走大约七个小时的路。此处用名词复数的所有格。故填hours。77根据“The Ardfin Gardens are

137、open all year round.”可知全年都可以参观Ardfin花园。此空为形容词作定语，whole表示“整个的”。故填whole。78根据“Here you will see native plants mixed with plants from far-away countries.”可知，你会看到本地植物和遥远国家的植物混合在一起。abroad表示“外国的”。故填abroad。79根据“The Jura Hotel offers visitors nice rooms and an excellent menu, and their prices are what you wo

138、uld expect to pay in other parts of Scotland.”可知侏罗酒店的价格与苏格兰其他地方一样，similar形容词，后接名词，price表示“价格”。故填price。80根据“From the outside, it looks like any other small village shop. However, once inside you will be surprised at the goodsfrom delicious cakes to waterproofs and sleeping bags.”可知尽管店铺很小，但是卖很多东西。Alth

139、ough/Though表示“尽管”，引导让步状语从句。故填Although/Though。81Research82influence83energetic84ages85increase86impossible87connected88better89depends90surprising【导语】本文主要介绍了研究人员发现的关于睡眠一些事实。81根据“Here are what sleep researchers have found about how to sleep.”及全文内容可知本文主要讲了有关睡眠的研究，“研究”research，A后用其单数形式，标题中名词首字母大写。故填Rese

140、arch。82根据“Do you know the reason why we feel tired in the middle of a class? Maybe you would say it is because the teachers class is boring. However, the real reason is probably that we dont have enough sleep.”可知没有充足的睡眠会影响学习和工作，“影响”influence，can后接动词原形。故填influence。83根据“It also gives us energy, so we

141、can be active all day.”可知充足的睡眠会让我们精力充沛，make后接形容词作宾补，“精力充沛的”energetic。故填energetic。84根据第四段整段内容可知不同年龄段的人需要不同的睡眠时间。“年龄”age，different后跟可数名词复数。故填ages。85根据“When we sleep below six hours per 24, were at an increased risk of health problems.”可知一天睡眠不足6个小时会增加健康问题的风险。“增加”increase，can后跟动词原形。故填increase。86根据“Some

142、of us think we can make up any of those hours lost during the week on the weekends. Sadly, there is no storage system for sleep in the brain.”可知在工作日期间的睡眠补回来是不可能的，be动词后跟形容词，“不可能的”impossible。故填impossible。87根据“A new research suggests a kind of strong connection between purpose in life and sleep.”可知生活目标

143、与睡眠质量密切相关。be connected with“与有关”。故填connected。88根据“Perhaps developing a sense of purpose in life could be as useful at improving sleep as the healthy habits above.”可知目标感更强的人可能睡得更好，“更好地”better，副词比较级。故填better。89根据“People who have a greater sense of purpose usually have better physical and mental health

144、, which in turn explains their higher-quality sleep.”可知人们的更高质量睡眠有赖于身心健康，depend on“取决于，依赖”，主语是不可数名词，谓语动词用第三人称单数形式。故填depends。90根据“More surprisingly, some may even get up in their dreams and walk around. This is called sleepwalking.”可知有些人甚至会在梦中起床，四处走动更让人惊讶。is为系动词，后跟形容词，“令人惊讶的”surprising。故填surprising。91

145、instead92unknown93Collect94avoid95therefore96prepare97strong98increase99forget100make【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了四种提高写作的方法。91根据“In other words, its better to keep things simple and do it well, rather than over-complicate everything and do it badly.”可知，要保持简单，做好它，而不是过度复杂化，把它做得很糟糕。“rather than”与instead of同义。故填in

146、stead。92根据“So, in English wing exams, you want to show off your English, but you want to show off your right English, not all this English that you dont know or havent learnt yet.”可知，展示你的英语，展示正确的英语，而不是不会或者没有学过的英语。用动词的过去分词作定语，在句中修饰“English ”。故填unknown。93根据“Have a Collection of Set Phrases.”可知，这里主要讲了“

147、收集固定短语”，祈使句用动词原形开头。故填Collect。94根据“In order to avoid making mistakes in your writing, its a really good idea to have a collection of set phrases and key words that you can use in the exam.”可知，收集一些固定短语和关键词是为了避免犯错误，to后跟动词原形。故填avoid。95根据“Show effect: as a result, therefore.”可知，用不同的方法表达影响，比如as a result，t

148、herefore。故填therefore。96根据“So, thats just a very brief list showing you exactly what you need to study to be fully ready for any English writing exam.”可知，列出你需要学习的东西来准备写作考试，“get ready for”与prepare for同义，to后跟动词原形。故填prepare。97根据“Avoid pointless words like very, a lot. Take the place of them, instead, wi

149、th a strong word.”可知，用强烈的词代替无意义的词。故填strong。98根据“Another way is avoiding there is and there are. We want everything to be as clear as possible. Therefore, your writing will get a rapid increase in quality.”可知，避免使用“there is”或“there are”来提高你的写作质量，to后跟动词原形。故填increase。99根据“Students will make some stupid

150、mistakes when theyre writing. After being asked to correct the mistakes, they will say, We already know this. So easy! and its because they dont check their work.”可知，一些愚蠢的错误是由于学生忘记检查他们的作业，to后跟动词原形。故填forget。100根据“I personally think its much better if you write less and check more. Fewer words, high accuracy (准确率). Then you will make your writing perfect.”可知，少写多检查，确保用词少但准确性高，你就能写得完美，make sure为短语，祈使句用动词原形开头。故填make。