专题10 备战2022年新高考英语热点话题语法填空专题练习.docx

1、备战2022年新高考英语热点话题语法填空专题练习（十）Passage1. 中国玉兔号发现神秘小屋8th December 2021 (Beijing) Chinas Yutu 2 rover has spotted a mystery object on the horizon while working its way across Von Krmn crater on the far side of the moon. Yutu 2 spotted a cube-shaped object on the horizon to the north and _1_(rough) 260 fee

2、t (80 meters) away in November during the missions 36th lunar day, according to a Yutu 2 diary_2_（publish）by Our Space, a Chinese language science outreach channel affiliated with the China National Space Administration (CNSA). Our Spacereferred to the object _3_a “mystery hut” (神秘小屋), but this is a

3、 placeholder name rather than _4_accurate description. Team scientists have expressed a strong interest inthe object and now Yutu 2 _5_(expect) to spend the next 2-3 lunar days (2-3 Earth months) traversing lunar regolith and avoiding craters to get a closer look, so updates can be expected. A likel

4、y _6_(explain) for the shape would be a large boulder(巨石) which has been excavated by an impact event. The solar-powered Yutu 2 andChange 4lander made the first ever landing on the far side of the moon on 3rd January, 2019, and the rover _7_(roll) through the 115-mile-wide (186 kilometers) Von Krmn

5、crater （火山口）ever since. Change 4, like its name suggests, is Chinas _8_（four）moon mission and second _9_（deliver）a rover on the moon. The Change 1 and 2 missions were orbiters, with Change 3 _10_（land）on the near side of the moon with the first Yutu rover. China has also launched the Change 5 T1 tes

6、t mission around the moon and the Change 5 moon sample return mission.解析：1.考查副词。句意：大约80米远。表达“大约”应该用rough的副词形式roughly。2. 考查过去分词。分析句子结构，according to为介词短语，所以publish为非谓语形式，介词by可知表达被动含义，所以用过去分词。答案为published。3. 考查介词。句意：我们称这个物体为神秘小屋。固定结构refer to.as.表达：称为.故答案为as。4. 考查冠词。句意：这个是一个位置标志的名字而不是一个准确的表达。rather than

7、连接并列结构，名词description为可数名词，此处为单数形式accurate首字母发音为元音，故答案为an5. 考查时态语态。分析句子结构and连接并列句，expect为谓语动词，考虑时态语态，now可知为一般现在时，主语与谓语之间为被动关系。答案为is expected。6. 考查词性转换。形容词likely可知后接名词。答案为explanation。7. 考查时态。句意：自从那时飞行器一直在火山口翻滚。时间状语ever since可知应该用现在完成进行时，表达动作一直在持续。答案为has been rolling。8. 考查序数词。句意：嫦娥四号是第四次月球发射任务。表达第四应该用序

8、数词。答案为fourth。9. 考查不定式。Second后省略名词mission。当名词前有序数词修饰时，其后用不定式做后置定语。答案为to deliver。10. 考查现在分词。分析结构可知为with 的复合结构，其后名词Change 3 与land构成主动关系。答案为landing。Passage2.新型口香糖或减少新冠传播Researchers at the University of Pennsylvania are working _1_(create) a special chewing gum that could help reduce the spread of COVID-

9、19 by _2_(trap) the virus so a person cant transmit it to someone else. Experts agree vaccinations are _3_ best way to combat(搏斗) the COVID-19 pandemic, _4_ its also known vaccinated people can still transmit the virus. The researchers are hoping their chewing gum will give people a low-cost way to

10、_5_(far) prevent COVID-19 from spreading. The gum contains plant-grown ACE2 proteins, _6_showed in laboratory studies to have the capability to neutralize(中和) the SARS-CoV-2 virus. When researchers _7_(expose) saliva（唾液） samples from COVID-19 patients to the modified chewing gum, they found the _8_(

11、level) of viral RNA were drastically reduced to the point where the virus was almost undetectable. The research is still in its early stages, and the researchers are working on getting _9_(permit) to conduct a clinical trial in humans to determine if the gum is safe and _10_(effect).解析：1.考查不定式。句意：研究

12、者正在工作为了创作一个特殊的口香糖，能够帮助较少新冠病毒的传播。此处表达目的，用不定式。答案为to create。2. 考查现在分词。介词by+doing，表达方式，做方式状语。答案为trapping。3. 考查冠词。best为最高级，其前用定冠词the。4. 考查并列连词。句意：专家认为疫苗是最好的办法来和新冠病毒搏斗，但是注册疫苗的人也能传播病毒。前后为转折含义，所以用并列连词。答案为but。5. 考查比较级。句意：研究者希望他们的口香糖将会给人们低成本的方法来进一步组织新冠病毒的传播。表达进一步，为far的比较级further。6. 考查定语从句。分析句子结构，为非限制性定语从句，先行词

13、为ACE2 proteins指物在定语从句中做主语。答案为which。7. 考查时态。分析句子结构when引导的时间状语从句，expose为谓语动词，再根据主句的found可判断出为一般过去时。答案为exposed。8. 考查名词复数。分析句子结构动词found后为宾语从句，其主语中心词为level，再根据谓语动词were可判断出主语为复数。故答案为levels。9. 考查词性转换。及物动词get后接宾语，应该用permit名词形式。答案为permission。10. 考查词性转换。并列连词and可知此处与safe词性一致，应该用effect的形容词。答案为effective。About 26

14、 million more of those older users were added in the past year.在过去的一年里，大约新增了2600万名老年用户。Passage3.Facebook将全力进军“元宇宙” Recently, Facebook _1_(change) its corporate(公司的) name to Meta. The company said it would better include what it does, as it broadens its reach beyond social media into areas like virtu

15、al reality (VR). The CEO Mark Zuckerberg said the existing brand could not _2_(possible) represent everything that theyre doing today, let alone in the future. He also revealed the companys plans_3_(build) a “metaverse（元宇宙）” an online world _4_ people can game, work and communicate in a virtual envi

16、ronment.Facebook said that it plans to create 10,000 jobs in Europe over the next five years to work on metaverse-related endeavours(尝试). The company also has introduced Oculus-branded virtual-reality headsets, and it joined with Ray-Ban to develop smart _5_(sunglass) that went on sale for $299. “Ov

17、er time, I hope that we_6_(see) as a metaverse company and I want to anchor(扎根) our work and our identity on _7_were building towards,” Mark Zuckerberg said. “I view this work _8_ critical to our mission because _9_(deliver) a sense of presence like youre right there with another person thats the_10

18、_(high)goal of online social experiences,” he said. 解析：1，考查时态。根据时间状语recently可知，应该为现在完成时。答案为has changed。2. 考查副词。分析句子结构修饰谓语动词represent用副词形式，答案为possibly。3. 考查不定式。分析句子结构build做plan的后置定语，表达将来的意味用不定式结构，答案为to build。4. 考查定语从句。分析句子结构为定语从句，先行词为world地点名词，定语从句中做地点状语，答案为where。5. 考查名词复数。句意表达“智能太阳镜”为可数名词，答案为sunglas

19、ses。6. 考查时态语态。分析句子结构see为宾语从句的谓语动词，前后时态保持一致用一般现在时，分析主语和谓语之间的关系“我们被看作为元宇宙公司”，用“be seen as”表达。答案为are seen。7. 考查宾语从句。介词on的宾语为宾语从句，此空为宾语从句的引导词，分析宾语从句的句子结构缺少build 的宾语。答案为what。8. 考查介词。句意：我把我的工作视为很重要的对于我们的任务。固定结构“view.as.”“视.为.”答案为as。9. 考查现在分词。分析句子结构because引导原因状语从句，此处省略了it is ，为省略句原句为“it is delivering a sen

20、se of presence”，答案为delivering。10. 考查最高级。句意：那是网络社交经历的最高目标。应该用最高级表达，答案为highest。Passage4.全球近70%热带雨林遭破坏Tropical rainforests are disappearing at an alarming rate, and according to a new report by Rainforest Foundation Norway, humans are_1_(blame). The worlds dependence on coal, farming, soy, palm oil and

21、 mining has resulted_2_ two-thirds of Earths tropical rainforests being _3_(complete) destroyed, and the remaining ecosystems being put closer to a tipping point（临界点）.Tropical rainforests once _4_(cover) 14.5 million square kilometers of Earths surface, but now, just one-third of that remains intact

22、. Of the original area tropical rainforests once occupied, 34% is completely gone and 30% is suffering from degradation.(损坏) All that remains is roughly 9.5 million square kilometers, 45% of _5_ is in a degraded state, the report says.Tropical rainforests are home to more than half of the Earths bio

23、diversity and have _6_(much) carbon in living organisms than any other ecosystem. Along with _7_(support) significant animal life, tropical rainforests are also essential to slowing down global warming. “These highly specialized ecosystems are suffering from constant abuse, through our bottomless ap

24、petite for land and resources,” said Anders Krogh, who authored the report. “We expect that upcoming UN climate and biodiversity summits provide specific targets and _8_(meature)to protect intact tropical rainforests.”The researchers also believe that the _9_(lose) of tropical rainforests puts the w

25、hole world at risk of future pandemics（流行病）. “Massive deforestation is violating natures natural virus protection mechanisms,” Krogh said. “The aftermath of COVID-19 should bring rainforest protection to _10_ top of the agenda of all policy makers and world leaders concerned about preventing the out

26、break of new pandemics.”解析：1，考查不定式。固定结构be to blame“应该收到责备”，主动形式表达被动含义。答案为to blame。2， 考查介词。根据句意表达“导致”之意，为固定搭配result in。答案为in。3， 考查副词。分析句子结构修饰动词destroy用副词形式，答案为completely。4， 考查时态。分析句子结构cover为谓语动词，考虑时态问题。Once此处表达“曾经”，应该用一般过去时。答案为covered。5， 考查定语从句。分析句子结构，为非限制性定语从句，前面有介词，为介词+关系代词引导定语从句，先行词为 9.5 million s

27、quare kilometers，用which来指代。答案为which。6， 考查比较级。提示词than可知用比较级，答案为more。7， 考查现在分词。介词with后接动词的ing形式做宾语，答案为supporting。8， 考查名词复数。and连接并列结构，与targets并列为名词复数形式。答案为measures。9， 考查词性转换。冠词the后接名词，lose的名词为loss。10， 考查冠词。固定结构the top of“在.的顶部”。答案为the。Passage5.|微型工厂将电子垃圾变废为宝Not all waste has to go to waste. Most of the

28、 worlds 2.22 billion tons of annual trash ends _1_ in landfills or open dumps(倾倒). Veena Sahajwalla, _2_ is a materials scientist and engineer at the University of New South Wales in Sydney, Australia, has created a solution to our massive trash problem: waste microfactories. These little trash proc

29、essors（处理器） some as small as 500 square feet house a series of _3_(machine) that recycle waste and transform it into new materials with thermal technology（热技术）. The new all-in-one approach could leave our current recycling processes in the dust.Sahajwalla _4_(launch) the worlds first waste microfact

30、ory targeting electronic waste, or e-waste, in 2018 in Sydney. _5_second one began recycling plastics in 2019. Now, her lab group is working with university and industry partners to commercialize their patented Microfactory technology. “The small scale of the machines will make it _6_(easy) for them

31、 to one day operate on renewable energy, unlike most large manufacturing plants. The approach will also allow cities _7_(recycle) waste into new products on location, avoiding the long, often international, high-emission journeys between recycling processors_8_ manufacturing plants. With a microfact

32、ory, gone are the days of needing separate facilities to collect and store materials, extract（提取）elements and produce new products,” says Sahajwalla. In 2019, just 17.4 percent of e-waste was recycled, so the ability to re-form offers a crucial new _9_(develop) in the challenge of recycling complex

33、electronic devices. “We can do so much more with materials,” says Sahajwalla. “Traditional recycling has not worked for every recycling challenge.” She and her team are already working to install the next waste microfactory in the Australian town of Cootamundra by early 2021, with the goal of _10_(e

34、xpand) around the country over the next few years.解析：1，考查介词。根据句意表达“每年的垃圾最终到垃圾填埋场或是公开倾倒”，表达最终为固定搭配end up。答案为up。2. 考查定语从句。分析句子结构为非限制性定语从句，先行词为Veena Sahajwalla指人在定语从句中做主语，用关系代词who。3. 考查名词复数。短语a series of 表达“一系列”，后接可数名词复数。答案为machines。4. 考查时态。动词launch为句子的谓语动词，考虑时态问题。时间状语in 2018可知用一般过去时。答案为launched。5. 考查冠

35、词。此处second并非序数词“第二”而是表达“另一个”，故用不定冠词a。6. 考查比较级。句意：这个小型机器有一天将会在操作可更新能源上更容易。表达比较之意。答案为easier。7. 考查不定式。固定结构“allow sb to do sth”：允许某人做某事。答案为to recycle。8. 考查并列连词。固定结构between.and.。答案为and。9. 考查词性转换。形容词new后修饰名词，develop的名词为development。10. 考查现在分词。介词of后接动词的ing形式做宾语。答案为expanding。Passage6。觉醒年代绘历史画卷Can red TV dram

36、as awaken a strong desire in young people to learn about Chinas revolutionary history? The answer is yes. Chinese TV drama Awakening Age, _1_narrates the story of how the Communist Party of China (CPC) was founded in 1921,_2_(end)several months ago, but it remains a hot topic on social media, where

37、discussion shows that it has played _3_ positive role in educating young people about Chinas revolutionary history.The TV series_4_(celebrate) this years 100th anniversary of the founding of the CPC has won high praise online. The stories of the young people in the drama who gave everything, even th

38、eir lives, to the revolution have touched a large number of _5_(viewer). The storytelling in the show has also been hailed by viewers for _6_(success)showing the depth of the CPCs history and spirit, as well as the _7_(warm) of China and every family in the country.Some school teachers have been sho

39、wing video clips（片段）from the series in classes _8_(arouse) students interest in the time period and help them learn more about history. A junior high school teacher from Taiyuan, in north Chinas Shanxi Province, said_9_ this has proven effective as some students told her after class that the show ha

40、d left a strong impression _10_ them.解析：1，考查定语从句。分析句子结构为非限制性定语从句，先行词为Awakening Age指物做主语，用关系代词which。2， 考查时态。分析句子结构end为主句的谓语动词，考虑时态问题。ago提示为一般过去时，答案为ended。3， 考查考查冠词。固定结构“play a|an+adj +role”在.方面起到.的作用。positive首字母为辅音，故答案为a。4， 考查现在分词。分析句子结构celebrate做The TV series的后置定语，且构成主动关系。答案为celebrating。5， 考查名词复数。固定

41、搭配 a number of “许多”后接可数名词复数。答案为viewers。6， 考查副词。修饰动词showing 用副词形式，success为名词，先变成形容词successful，副词为successfully。7， 考查词性转换。定冠词the后接名词，warm的名词形式为warmth。8， 考查不定式。句意：一些学校老师在课堂上播放电视剧的视频片段是为了唤醒学生的兴趣。此处为目的状语，用不定式形式。答案为to arouse。9， 考查宾语从句。分析句子结构said后为宾语从句，分析从句结构不缺任何成分且句意完整。答案为that。10， 考查介词。固定结构leave a/an +adj+

42、impression on sb“给某人留下.的印象”。答案为介词on。Passage7.我国近3亿60岁以上老人，有1.3亿天天上网China had 123 million internet users aged 60 or _1_(high) as of June, 12.2 percent of the total of 1.01 billion users, according to the China Internet Network Information Center. About 26 million more of those older users_2_(add)in t

43、he past year.The COVID-19 pandemic fueled(增加) the trend, _3_more people stayed at home longer _4_(avoid) possible infection, the center said. Some 30 percent of older users browse(浏览) _5_Internet for more than three hours _6_(day), and 10 percent surf the internet over six hours a day, according to

44、news portal .By 2050, the 60-and-above market is forecast to hit 100 trillion yuan ($15.7 trillion), accounting _7_ 33 percent of GDP, according to the National Social Science Fund of China. During the Nov 11 shopping gala, Taobaos voice assistant _8_(announce) sales and promotions targeting older c

45、onsumers. Major e-commerce platform JD also recently introduced a version of its app _9_(design) for ease of use for older customers, _10_(add) special customer services and the ability to chat with family members on the app.解析：1.考查比较级。句意：中国有1.23亿网络使用者年龄在60岁或是更高的年龄。表达比60更高。应该用比较级，答案为higher。2. 考查时态语态

46、。时间状语in the past year 应该用一般过去时，主语user与add之间是被动关系。答案为were added。3. 考查连词。句意：新冠病毒增加了这种趋势，因为更多的人待在家里时间更长了为了避免可能的传染。前后为因果关系。答案为as或because。 4. 考查不定式。句意：新冠病毒增加了这种趋势，因为更多的人待在家里时间更长了为了避免可能的传染。表达目的，做目的状语，应该用不定式。答案为to avoid。5. 考查冠词。Internet前必须用定冠词the，为固定结构。答案为the。6. 考查词性转换。句意：使用者每天上网超过3小时。表达“每天的”用形容词daily。7. 考

47、查介词。固定短语account for 表达“占.比列”。答案为 for。8. 考查时态。分析句子结构作谓语，时间状语During the Nov 11 shopping gala可知用一般过去时。答案为announced。9. 考查过去分词。分析句子结构design做后置定语修饰app，且构成被动关系，应该用过去分词，答案为designed10. 考查现在分词。分析句子结构add做状语，与其逻辑主语构成主动关系应该用现在分词。答案为adding。Passage8记那些修复古书的大师们For a decade, Xie Jincheng _1_(lose) in his duties at t

48、he National Library of China in Beijing.When _2_(ask) how old he was, the 37-year-old had to pause for a few seconds to remember. Each working day, he sits at a desk and focuses _3_handling ragged yet priceless pieces of paper in front of him. As one of 17 restorers of ancient books at the NLC, he s

49、hakes off centuries of old dust to renew the _4_(work) he deals with.Xie does not require_5_ large space to utilize his skills. _6_(use) glue, scissors, tweezers, brushes and several other simple implements, he skillfully restores the pages in front of him. I can _7_(basic) handle most situations wh

50、en fixing books, but you always have to be prepared for new problems, he said.It is estimated that the NLC houses more than 3 million ancient Chinese books. The worlds _8_(big) collection of its kind, it includes about 10 percent of such books in the nation. In China, the term ancient books refers t

51、o works predating 1911, the end of the Chinese monarchy. Xie, _9_majored in chemistry at college, switched to cultural relics conservation at graduate school, realizing that there was a shortage of restorers of ancient books in China.Despite his multidisciplinary educational background, he thought t

52、hat practicing a _10_(tradition) craft was the best way to improve his skills. It took Xie more than two years of observing his tutors and honing his talent before he was formally assigned to restore his first page. Everyone working in this industry has to learn a saying from the Ming Dynasty (1368-

53、1644) book Zhuanghuangzhi.解析：1.考查时态语态。分析句子结构lose做谓语动词，时间状语for a decade可知用现在完成时。固定结构be lost in 表达沉浸于之意。答案为has been lost。2. 考查过去分词。句意：当被问他多大时，37岁的他不得不暂停一会儿去思考。ask 与逻辑主语之间为被动关系。应该用过去分词。答案为asked。3. 考查介词。固定短语focus on “集中于.”答案为on。4. 考查名词复数。work 为“作品”之意，为可数名词，此处用复数。答案为works。5. 考查冠词。句意：谢不要求一个大的空间来使用它的技能。Spa

54、ce为可数名词“空间”前应该用不定冠词，答案为a。6. 考查现在分词。分析句子结构use做状语，其逻辑主语为he且构成主动关系，应该用现在分词，答案为Using。7. 考查副词。根据句子成分修饰谓语动词 handle 应该用副词，故用basic的副词形式basically。8. 考查最高级。句意：世界上最大的收藏，它包括了国家这样的书的百分之十。表达最大之意。故用最高级biggest。9. 考查定语从句。分析句子结构为非限制性定语从句，指人做主语。答案为who。10. 考查词性转换。修饰名词craft 应该用形容词，答案为traditional。Passage9.陕西发现中国最古老佛像_1_a

55、re thought to be Chinas oldest known bronze Buddha images have been discovered in Shaanxi province. The two sculptures were unearthed this year in a tomb _2_ the Eastern Han Dynasty (25-220) in the city of Xianyang, Shaanxi Academy of Archaeology announced in Xian, the provincial capital, on Thursda

56、y.Li Ming, the leading archaeologist on the site, said one of the relics, a standing statuette(小雕像) of the Gautama Buddha on a lotus-shaped foundation, _3_(be) about 10-centimeters-high. The other piece, _4_ is flat, is about 15-cm-high and depicts(刻画) five sitting Buddhist deities. The _5_(discover

57、) of the two relics is significant for studies of how Buddhism _6_(introduce) to China and got localized in our country, Li said.Historical documents show Buddhism was first introduced to China in_7_first century AD. The oldest _8_(know) Buddhist temple was built in AD 68 in Luoyang, Henan province,

58、 which was then the capital of the Eastern Han Dynasty. Li said that previous archaeological findings in China indicated that standalone Buddha images with a religious purpose only appeared during the period of the Sixteen Kingdoms (304-439). _9_(consequent), the new findings may increase the histor

59、y of Chinese Buddha images by two more_10_( century), he added.解析：1.考查主语从句。分析句子结构_1_are thought to be Chinas oldest known bronze Buddha images为主语从句，且缺少主语，表达“.的东西”应该用what。2. 考查介词。句意：今年两个自于东汉古墓雕像来被出土。表达：来自于.用介词from。3. 考查时态和主谓一致。分析句子结构one of the relics为主语，be为谓语动词应该考虑时态，此句为客观事实，应该用一般现在时，且主语为单数，答案为is。4.

60、考查定语从句。分析句子结构为非限制性定语从句，先行词为The other piece，指物做主语，答案为which。5. 考查词性转换。冠词the后接名词，此处用discover 的名词形式。故答案为discovery。6. 考查时态语态。分析句子结构 how Buddhism _6_(introduce) to China and got localized in our country为介词of的宾语，为宾语从句，introduce为谓语动词与got localized并列，用一般过去时且表达被动。答案为was introduced。7. 考查冠词。序数词前应该用定冠词the。答案为the

61、。8. 考查过去分词。分析句子结构know做前置定语修饰Buddhist temple，表达“著名的”用其过去分词。答案为known。9. 考查副词。分析句子结构consequent放于句首修饰整个句子应该用副词形式。答案为Consequently。10. 考查名词复数。More than 接可数名词复数。答案为centuries。Passage10.“天宫课堂”要来了！China will livestream to the world_1_ first space class from its space station Tiangong in the coming days, the C

62、MSA announced Thursday. In the Tiangong Class, Chinese astronauts _2_(become) teachers in space and interact with students, _3_(especial) teenagers. With the progress of the _4_(man) space flight mission, the Tiangong Class will introduce a series of _5_(class). Theyll focus _6_ the construction of

63、the Chinese space station and its in-orbit_7_(operate), the CMSA said. In June 2013, Wang took part in the Shenzhou X mission, _8_ lasted nearly 15 days. During the mission, she delivered the countrys first space-based lecture to 60 million Chinese students.In response to a students question, Wang Y

64、aping described _9_ she could see in space. Every day, we can see the sun rise 16 times_10_ we circle the Earth every 90 minutes, she said.解析：1，考查冠词。序数词first前用定冠词the，表达第一次。2. 考查时态。根据句意可知，“中国宇航员将会变成太空老师和学生互动”，表达将来的意味。答案为will become。3. 考查副词。强调“青少年”，修饰整个句子，用副词形式。答案为especially。4. 考查词性转换。修饰名词短语space flig

65、ht mission用形容词，意为“人造的”答案为manned。5. 考查名词复数。短语a series of“一系列”后接可数名词复数，答案为classes。6. 考查介词。固定短语focus on“集中于.”答案为on。7. 考查词性转换。形容词性物主代词its后接名词，operate的名词为operation。8. 考查定语从句。分析句子结构，为非限制性定语从句，指代前面主句，答案为which。9. 考查宾语从句。分析句子结构describe后为宾语从句，分析宾语从句句子成分缺少see的宾语，故答案为what。10. 考查状语从句。句意：每天我们能看见太阳升起16次，因为我们每90分钟绕地球一周。为原因状语从句，答案为because，或as。