专题11 9BU1-U4一轮复习-2023年江苏中考英语一轮复习（牛津译林版）.docx

1、专题11 9BU1-U4一轮复习9B Unit1知识点知识点1：Its tiring to climb the steps and my feet hurt.（1） tiring : adj.使人疲劳的，累人的。用来修饰事物。【例句】Climbing the steps is tiring.be tired of 对感到厌倦 ; tire out 使精疲力竭（tire sb out）过去分词tired : adj.劳累的，疲倦的。用来修饰人。【例句】After two days work, Im tired now.（2） hurt : 此处用作不及物动词，表示“感到疼痛；疼痛”，应用感到疼痛

2、的具体部位作主语。【例句】She wanted to see the doctor because her back hurt.hurt 还可用作及物动词，表示“伤害（感情）；使受伤”，常表示肉体上、感情上或精神上受到伤害。【例句】My younger brother fell off the bike and hurt himself.辨析：hurt, injure, 与 wound hurt常指（小刀等）弄伤；（语言等）伤害injure(在车祸等事故中) 受伤wound(在战斗中) 负伤I hurt my finger yesterday.The boy injured his leg i

3、n the traffic accident.Ten soldiers wounded in the battle.知识点2：Wed better keep moving.（1） wed better是we had better 的缩写形式。 had better 意为“最好”。had better do sth.“最好做某事”，是向他人提建议的常用结构，better后接动词原形，此结构无人称和数的变化，其否定式为had better not do sth.【例句】Wed better go there earlier.Youd better catch a bus.【例题】You look

4、tired.Youd better _A_a good rest. A. stop to have B. stop having C. to stop to have D. to stop having（2） keep moving,“继续前行”。keep doing sth“继续（重复）做某事”，也可写作keep on doing sth.【例句】Keep smiling!Dont keep on asking me the same question.【拓展】keep sb from doing sth.意为“阻止某人做某事”，注意：from 不可省略。与stop/ prevent sb

5、（from） doing sth 同义，此处from 可省略。【例句】We should keep from teenagers from smoking. 知识点3：Wake me up on your way back.on ones/ the way意为“在的途中”，是固定短语。其后若接地点名词时，应用on ones/ the way to，意为“在某人去的路上/ 在去的路上”。【例句】On my way to school, I met an old friend of mine.【拓展】如果后面是here, there, home 等副词，则省略to.【例句】On the way h

6、ome, I found a wallet.【拓展】与way 有关的其他短语：in this way; in the way; by the way; all the way; in a way知识点4：Im planning to travel around China.plan(planning, planned, planned) 此处用作动词，意为“计划，打算”。plan to do sth“计划做某事”【例句】Tom planned to travel around Europe.【拓展】plan 还可以用做可数名词“计划”，make plans/ a plan for sth 为制

7、定计划。【例句】Have you made plans for your weekend?知识点5：Since youre in Beijing now,why dont you start from here? 1. since此处用作连词，意为“”由于；因为，引导原因状语从句，注意：since 不能用于回答why 引导的特殊疑问句。【例句】Since he invited us ,we should take part in the party.【拓展】(1) since还可以用作介词，意为“自以后”，其后接“过去时间点”或“一段时间+ago”用于现在完成时或过去完成时的句子中。【例句】W

8、eve lived here since 1998.Hed been off since 3 years ago.(2) since 还可以用作连词，意为“自以后；自以来”，后接一般过去时态的句子。【例句】I havent seen him since he left school.Its five minutes since the film began. 2. “Why dont you +动词原形”？常用来提出自己的建议，意为“你为何不呢？”相当于“Why not+动词原形？”【例句】Why dont you have a cup of coffee ? = Why not have a

9、 cup of coffee ?【例题】-I hear theres a good French restaurant nearby. Why not _A_ there for lunch？ -Yeah,lets go. A. go B. going C. to go 知识点6：China opera is a kind of traditional Chinese art, and Beijing opera is one of the most popular.1. kind 此处用作可数名词，意为“种，类”。【例句】There are all kinds of clothes in t

10、he shop.【拓展】有关“kind”的词组：a kind of 一种all/ different /many kinds of 各种各样的/ 不同种类的/ 许多种kind of = a little/ bit 稍微，有点儿【拓展】(1) kind 还可以用作形容词，意为“仁慈的；和蔼的；好意的；友善的”，常用在Its +adj.+of sb. to do sth.句式中，用于描述人物的性格特征。【例句】Its very kind of you to help me so much with my English.(2) kind的名词形式为kindness, 意为“好意”。2. one o

11、f the most popular 意为“最受欢迎的（中国戏曲）之一”，此处popular之后省略了复数名词Chinese operas, 为“one of the + 形容词的最高级+复数名词”结构，意为“中最的之一”。【例题】-Its one of the _B_ things in the world to stay with friends. - I agree. It always makes us relaxed.A. worst B. happiest C. busiest D. hardest3. popular 形容词，意为“受欢迎的；流行的”，可用作定语或表语，常构成固定

12、短语be popular with.【例句】The song is popular with young people.知识点7：You can go and enjoy it.enjoy为及物动词，意为“喜欢，享受的乐趣”，后接名词、代词或动词的ing形式。【例句】Some students enjoy asking questions in English.【拓展】enjoy oneself 意为“过得愉快，玩得高兴”，相当于have a good time/ have fun.【例题】My old neighbor Charles enjoys _C_ photos. He always

13、 goes out with his camera. A. take B. to take C. taking D. took 知识点8：Thank you for your suggestions. 1. thank sb. for 因而感谢某人，for是介词，其后接名词、代词或动词的ing形式。【例句】Thanks for your help.Thank you for sending me so nice a present.【例题】Thanks for _C_ me with my science. A.help B.to help C.helping D.your help2. su

14、ggestion 可数名词，意为“建议”。【例句】Could you give me some suggestions on how to learn English ?【拓展】suggest 动词，意为“暗示，表示”，其后可接名词或从句。还可意为“建议；提议”，其后可接名词、代词或动词ing形式。【例句】His pale face suggests bad health.（暗示，表示）My friend suggested going for a trip.（建议）知识点9: In the middle of the ancient city of Beijing is the Palace

15、 Museum, also called the Forbidden City.1. in the middle of 意为“在的中间”。 【例句】-There is a hole in the middle of the road.辨析：in the middle of 与in the center of (1) in the middle of 指“在（时间、长度、过程等）的中间”，可用于谈论时间，如 in the middle of night; 也可用于指狭长之物，如：in the middle of the line.(2) in the center of 则强调“在中心，在中央”

16、。【例句】I live in the center of the city. 知识点10: The emperors of the Ming and Qing dynasties used to live there.1. Used to do sth.意为“过去常常做某事”，是固定结构，其中used是动词use 的过去式。【例句】I use to play football after school. -Did you use to listen to music before class ? -No, I didnt.辨析：used to do sth ; be used to do st

17、h ; 与be used to doing sth.(1) used to do sth. 意为“过去常常做某事”，指的是过去的习惯性动作，目的在于与现在形成对比。【例句】There used to be many dinosaurs millions of years ago on the earth.(2) be used to do sth. 意为“被用来做某事”，用来表示事物的用途，相当于be used for doing sth.【例句】Pens can be used to write.= Pens can be used for writing.(3) be used to do

18、ing sth. 意为“习惯于做某事”【例句】They are used to walking after supper.【例题】 She used to _D_ a bus to school, but now she is used to _ to school. A. taking; walk B. take; walk C. taking; walking D.take; walking 知识点11: With wonderful buildings and art treasures inside,it is well worth a visit. be worth意为“值得”，其后

19、常接名词或动词-ing形式。【例句】 It can be worth the effort however.This idea is well worth considering.知识点12: Many tourists like to gather there early in the morning to watch the raising of the national flag.1. raising 为不可数名词，意为“升高；增加；提高”。He pitched into the idea of raising taxes.【拓展】raise 可用作及物动词，意为“提高；收集；养育”。S

20、he raised her head and went out without a word.The old man often raises money for charity.My mother was an amazing woman. She raised four of us kids virtually single-handedly. 知识点13: It was once a nice place for the emperors to spend the summer.1. spend(spent,spent)此处用作及物动词，意为“度过”。常构成固定搭配(1) spend t

21、ime (in)/money (on) doing sth. 花费时间/金钱做某事; (2) spend time/ money on sth.在某物上花费时间/金钱。注意句子的主语应当是sb.【例句】 My father spent the whole day fishing on the beach last Sunday.He spent 67 on his new coat.辨析：spend ,pay, take, costspend (spent, spent)主语是sb.“花费”对象为时间/ 金钱spend time (in) /money(on) doing sthspend t

22、ime/ money on sthpay (paid, paid)主语是sb.“花费”对象为金钱pay (money ) for sth.take (took, took)主语是it.“花费”对象为时间It takes/ took sb. some time to do sthcost (cost, cost)主语是sth.“花费”对象为金钱Sth. cost(s) sb. some money【例题】Most students spend too much time _A_ computer games. A.playing B.play C.plays D.played 知识点14 : A

23、nother famous attraction is the Great Wall.1. another 在此处用作限定词，意为“又一，再一”，泛指三者或三者以上的另一个。其后可接单数名词、“of +复数名词”或“基数词+复数名词”。【例句】We need another computer.Weve still got another forty miles to go.注意： another+ 基数词+复数名词 = 基数词+ more +复数名词【例句】 I want to eat another two apples.= I want to eat two more apples. 2.

24、 famous 形容词，意为“著名的，出名的”。同义词：well-known.【例句】She is a famous singer.【拓展】(1) be famous for “以著名”。【例句】China is famous for the Great Wall.(2) be famous as “以（身份）著名”。【例句】Yao Ming is famous as a basketball player.知识点15 :It runs for over 6,000 kilometers across northern China, with watchtowers every few hun

25、dred meters.1. across 此处用作介词，意为“横过”。【例句】He walked across the field.辨析: across 与through （这两个词均意为“穿过”，但是具体含义不同）（1） across 表示“横穿；穿过”，着重指从物体表面的一边到另一边，也就是与说从物体的表面穿过，含义与on 有关。【例句】They swam across the river.（2） Through 意为“穿过”，指从空间的一头纵穿到另一头，也就是说从物体的内部空间穿过、穿越，含义与in 有关。【例句】He went through the forest.【例题】Befor

26、e the bridge was built _C_ the river, the villagers had to take a boat to the other side. A. in B. beside C. across D. Along 9B Unit2知识点1. He became interested in flying when he took his first flight at the age of six.become/be interested in 对.感兴趣 近义词组”take/have an interest in”interested/interesting

27、/interest区别interested是形容词，“感兴趣的”，常作表语，主语是人，be interested in（doing）sth.对（做某事感兴趣）。interesting是形容词，“有趣的”，作表语或者定语，主语是物。interest是名词，“兴趣”，可作主语、宾语等，take/have an interest in 对.感兴趣。2. Armstrong joined the navy in 1949 and served as a pilot for three years.join此处作为及物动词，“参加，加入”join/join(.)in/take part injoin指加

28、入党派、团体、人群等，成为其中一员take part in侧重参加群众性、集体性活动并在其中起积极作用例：He _C_ an English club last year and has improved his English a lot.A. protected B. produced C.joined D.received3. He flew over 1,100 hours and tested all types of aircraft.all types of “各种类型的，形形色色的”He likes all types of music.4. However,on their

29、way back to the Earth,the spacecraft began spinning out of control.on ones way back to.”在某人返回.的途中”on my way to the supermarket, I met my best friend.out of control “失去控制”5. Armstrong received the order to cut the flight short.cut.short “缩短”,还有“剪短”“中断；突然停止”的意思Ill cut the long story short.6. He succes

30、sfully brought the spacecraft down into the western Pacific Ocean.bring down”使（飞机）降落”，还有“减少（价格），使跌落”，“打垮；击败”的意思western“向西的；西部的；西方的；西方国家的”常见方位形容词：eastern;southern;northern;northeastern;northwestern;southeastern;southwestern7. On 20July1969, Armstrong became the first man to walk on the moon.the first

31、 one to do 第一个做某事的人Amy is always the first one to get to school.8. Together with Buzz Aldrin,he landed the spacecraft Apollo on the Moon.together with”和.一起”谓语动词与连词前一部分的主语保持一致的连词：with,together with,along with,as well as,besides,like,without,except(but0,including谓语动词要与靠近的主语保持一致的连词：either.or.,neither.n

32、or.,not only.but also.等。9. He said the famous words”one small step for (a) man,one giant leap for mankind” as he stepped out onto the Moons surface.giant”巨大的，伟大的leap”跳跃，跃升，激增”过去式及过去分词：leapt，leapt或者leaped,leapedstep onto”步入，踏上”10. They collected Moon rocks to take back to the Earth for further resear

33、ch.Earth,名词，“地球”，需加定冠词“the”on earth “到底，究竟”，用于what，when等疑问词之后；“世界上”，用于最高级之后，以加强语气further“更远的；更深一层的”，最高级：furthestfarther/further 表距离时能互换，表“更进一步，更多，此外”等引申义时只能用further 11. He was the pride of the whole world.the pride of”.的骄傲”pride,名词，自豪;骄傲be proud of”以.为自豪”proud形容词，“骄傲的，自豪的”同义短语：take pride in12. a pie

34、ce of paper that shows you are allowed to do somethingbe allowed to do sth“被允许做某事”allow sb to do sth“允许某人做某事”13. turning round and round quicklyround and round “旋转不息的；一圈一圈地”The earth turns round and round. 14. saw people die of hunger,so began research into hybrid ricedie of “因.而死”die不及物动词，过去式、过去分词都

35、为died，现在分词为dying.名词形式为death,形容词形式为dead。die of/die fromdie of 强调内因，如疾病、年老、悲伤等。die from强调外因，如灾害、事故等。15. this new type of hybrid rice was introduced into the USAbe introduced into”被引入，传入”Pandas have been produced into other countries from China.9B Unit3知识点知识点1：They could do dangerous job like putting o

36、ut fires or working on high buildings. P37put out 意思为“扑灭，熄灭”，当人称代词做宾语时，代词应该放在中间。例：The fire was put our soon. 火很快被熄灭了。She put it out at last. 最后她把它熄灭了。与put相关的短语：put on 穿上；上演put up 挂起，举起；粘贴put away 把.收起来（放好）put off 推迟，延迟put down 把.放下来知识点2：I have to buy a robot so that I can have more free timeP38So th

37、at 意思“便于，目的是”，引导目的状语。常与情态动词can/could/may/might连用，so that 也可以引导结果状语从句。例：I took a taxi so that I could get there earlier. 我乘坐一辆出租车以便早点到那儿。He spoke loudly so that everyone could him clearly. 他大声说话，以便大家都能听清楚。例题：The teacher asked me to read aloud _A_all the students could hear me.A so that B for C becaus

38、e D in order to知识点3：That made him very happy. P38make sb +adj 意思“使某人处于（状态）之中”， 此处形容词作宾语补足语。例：We will try our best to make the room clean and beautiful.我们会尽力让这个房间变得干净漂亮。Dont make him unhappy. 别让他不高兴。make sb (not) do sth 意思“让某人（不）做某事”，make后跟不带to的不定式作宾语补足语。例：My parents make me study all day. 我父母整天让我学习。

39、知识点4：While Mr. Jiang was at work, the robot would do all the housework. P38at work 意思“在工作”，介词at具有“正在进行，从事”的含义，表示处于某种状态之中。其结构为“介词+名词”。类似的用法：at school 在上学on business 在出差on holiday 在度假in class 在上课知识点5：After dinner, the robot would tidy up. P38tidy up 意思“收拾，整理”，当人称代词做宾语时，代词应该放在中间。例：Please tidy up your b

40、ooks. 请把你的书收拾起来。Your bedroom is very dirty. Why not tidy it up. 你的卧室很脏，为什么不收拾一下。知识点6：That allowed Mr. Jiang to do whatever he liked. P38allow sb to do sth. “允许某人做某事” 被动语态：be allowed to do sth例：My parents dont allow me to go out at night. 我父母不允许我晚上出去。We are not allowed to eat in the classroom. 不准我们在教

41、室里吃东西。allow doing sth “允许做某事”， allow后面不可以直接加动词不定式作宾语。例：Do they allow smoking in the shop? 他们允许在商店里吸烟吗?We dont allow driving in the pool. 我们不允许在游泳池内跳水。知识点7: It seemed that in general the robot satisfied Mr. Jiangs needs. P391) It seems/ seemed that +从句“似乎.”例：It seemed that he ate sour apples. 似乎他吃了酸苹

42、果。It seems that he has a lot of friends. 似乎他有很多朋友。拓展：seem+动词不定式 常与It seems that句型转换。He seems to have a lot of friends. 似乎他有很多朋友。seem (to be)+adj 似乎，看来He seems (to be ) happy. 他好像很开心。2）in general 总的来说，大体上例： In general, your speech is good. 总的来说，你的演讲很好。In general, its a good place to visit. 总的来说，那是个游览

43、的好地方。3）satisfy 动词 使满意 满足Parents always try to satisfy their childrens needs. 父母总是尽力满足孩子的需求。That answer wont satisfy her. 那个答案不会使她满意。be satisfied with 对感到满足例： Im satisfied with the service of this company. 我对于这家公司的服务感到满意。4）need此处用作可数名词，常用复数形式，表示需求。例：What are your needs? = What do you need? 你需要什么？Five

44、 hundred yuan a month will meet my needs. 一个月500可以满足我的需求need相关的表达：in need of 需要 need to do sth 需要做某事need do sth （need做情态动词）需要做某事知识点8：After a few comfortable weeks, however, things started to go wrong. P391）after a few comfortable weeks 几周舒适的生活之后，与a few comfortable weeks later 同义。例：After two days, he

45、 left for London. = Two days later, he left for London.两天后，他出发去了伦敦。例题：_C_the exam, we will say goodbye to our dear teachers, classmates as well as our beautiful school.A In B For C After D Through2）go wrong 出错，出现问题例： Something has gone wrong with the machine.机器出毛病了。知识点9：The robot caught a virus and

46、no longer worked properly. P391) catch a virus 感染病毒，多用于电脑，机器人例：My computer caught a virus. It didnt work. 我的电脑中病毒了，他不运转了。2）no longer 不再 相当于not any longer例： You are no longer a child.= You are not a child any longer.3） properly 副词 正确地，适当地例：I cant speak English properly. 我说不好法语。知识点10：It began to make

47、stupid mistakes. P39make mistakes 或者make a mistake 犯错例： How can you make a mistake like that? 你怎么能犯那种错误呢？拓展：by mistake 无意中，（由于疏忽）错误地例：I took your umbrella by mistake yesterday. 昨天我错拿了你的雨伞。mistake sb/sth for 把某人/某物误认为.Dont mistake me for lily. Im Lucy. 不要把我错认为是莉莉，我是露西。知识点11：.he would find his flat in

48、 a complete mess. P391)in a complete mess 乱作一团，一塌糊涂The office was in a complete mess. 办公室一塌糊涂。2）complete 此处是形容词，意思是 完全的，彻底的，complete还有完整的意思。He is a complete ill boy. 他是个彻头彻尾的坏蛋。I have a complete set of Shakespeares plays. 我有一套莎士比亚戏剧全集。Complete还有完成的意思Complete the sentences with the words. 用这些单词完成句子。3

49、）mess是可数名词 in a mess杂乱不堪The kitchen was in a mess. 厨房又脏又乱。9B Unit4知识点知识点1：Our own planet, the Earth, is becoming more and more crowded and polluted because of the rapid increase in population. P521) more and more crowded 越来越拥挤，结构为“比较级+and+比较级”， 意思是越来越.;若形容词的比较级是加more构成的，则用“more and more+形容词”表示“越来越.”

50、He becomes fatter and fatter. 他变得越来越胖。China is becoming more and more beautiful.中国正变得越来越漂亮。2）polluted 形容词 被污染的动词 pollute 污染 名词为pollution 意思是污染物，污染If we drink the polluted water, we may get ill.如果我们喝了这些被污染了的水，我们可能会生病。We mustnt pollute the environment. 我们一定不能污染环境。Theres a lot of pollution in the air h

51、ere. 这里的空气有大量的污染。3）rapid 形容词 快的，迅速的He made rapid progress in English. 他在英语方面取得了很快的进步。知识点2：With the development of technology, by the year 2100, the journey might only take about 20minutes in spacecraft that travel at the speed of light. P521) with the development of.随着的发展develop 动词 发展，形成developing 形

52、容词 发展中的 a developing country 发展中国家developed 形容词 发达的 a developed country 发达国家2）at the speed of为固定短语 以的速度That night he drove the car at the speed of 200km per hour. 那天晚上他以每小时200千米的速度驾驶。类似的短语：at the price of 以.的价格at a high price 高价at a low cost 低成本at full/high speed 全速/高速知识点3：Food will probably be in t

53、he form of the pills and would not be so tasty. P521) in the form of为固定短语， 以的形式She told her past to us in the form of story.她以故事的形式将她的故事讲给我们听。He made her suggestion in the form of a question. 她以提问题的形式提出建议。2）tasty 形容词 美味的，可口的 比较级tastierThe fish is very tasty.taste 尝起来 后接形容词This tomato tastes sweet. 这

54、个西红柿尝起来是甜的。知识点4：The gravity on Mars is only about three-eighths of that on the Earth. P531) three-eighths意思为八分之三，分数和名词搭配时，做主语时，谓语动词的单复数形式看of后面的名词而定，如果名词是复数，谓语动词用复数形式，如果名词是单数或者是不可数名词，谓语动词用单数形式。One third of the water is dirty. 三分之一的水是脏的。Two thirds of the workers in our factory are young people.我们厂三分之二

55、的工人是年轻人。例题：About _B_of the earth _covered with water, but we have less and less available fresh water.A three-fourth, is B three-fourths, is C three-fourth, are D three-fourths, are知识点5：People would have to wear boots that are specially designed to prevent themselves from floating off into space.1)s

56、pecially 副词 特别地 special 形容词 特别的，特殊的I bought the book specially for you. 我特意为你买的这本书。Is there anything special in todays newspaper? 今天报纸上有什么特别的东西吗？2）prevent sb from doing为固定搭配，组织某人做某事，相当于stop sb from doing，from可省略。We can not prevent/stop an earthquake from coming. 我们不能阻止地震的到来。知识点6：Compared with life o

57、n the Earth, life on Mars would be better in some ways. P531) comparewith把和比较If you compare his work with hers, you will find hers is much better. 如果你把他的工作和她的做比较，你会发现她的好得多。2）in some ways在一些方面way的相关短语in the way 挡路。妨碍in this way 用这种方式y the way顺便问一下on the way to 在去的路上知识点7：Life on Mars would be interest

58、ing as well as challenging. P531）as well as 也，又，不但.而且, 与主语连用是，谓语动词遵循就远原则。He as well as his friends likes going shopping. 他和朋友一样喜欢购物。2）challenging 形容词 挑战性的Mike found a challenging job as a computer programmer.challengeto向某人挑战My father challenged me to a table tennis game. 父亲向我挑战一场乒乓球赛。知识点8：The smell

59、of the pills reminds them of the tasty food on the Earth. P57remind sb of sth 使某人想起某事The picture reminded me of my grandmother. 这张照片使我想起了我的祖母。remind sb to do sth 提醒某人做某事Please remind me to post the letter on the way to school.请提醒我在上学的路上把信寄了。remind sb +that句子Would you please remind him that our meeti

60、ng has been put off.请你提醒他我们的会议推迟了好吗？知识点9：Are you aware how far Mars is away from the Sun. P57be aware of 意识到She was not aware of having done wrong. 她没有意识到做错了事。awareness 名词 察觉，觉悟，意识There is a general awareness that smoking is harmful. 人们普遍认识到吸烟有害健康。知识点10：Mars is a planet that has an environment similar to that of the Earth. P58similar 形容词 相似的 be similar to 和相似Your handwriting is similar to his. 你的书法和他的很相似。