专题11.语法选择解题技巧-2024届中考英语题型过关（原卷版）.docx

1、语法选择解题技巧考点分布“语法选择”的主要考点分布:冠词、名词的单复数、动词时态和语态、形容词和副词的比较等级、代词、连词、介词、非谓语动词、同根词、定语从句、状语从句和宾语从句等。一、语法选择常考语法点1.考冠词： a/an ： 第一次提到；泛指； 单词读音第一个音为元音时（an）,辅音时（a）；固搭； the ： 第二次提到；特指； 固定搭配； play the +西洋乐器， the +序数词； /（不填）：固定搭配；play + 球类 2.考数词： seven-year-old; two-meter-long; （数词做形容词用法） five hundred/thousand/milli

2、on/billion （具体数值后面不需要+s） hundreds of / thousands of/millions of /billions of (表示概数时用of 结构) 3.考名词： 主谓一致（名词单复数与后面的动词的形式（三单，原形）保持一致） 可数名词与不可数名词的区别，修饰语等 two cups of coffee/tea 4.考代词： many + n 复数 much + 不可数名词 a number of + n复数 a great amount of / a great deal of + 不可数名词 little/a little/few/a few 否定意义：lit

3、tle + 不可数名词 few + 可数名词复数 肯定意义： a little + 不可数名词 a few + 可数名词复数 Other/another/the other/others/the others 1）other + 名词复数 another + 名词单数（表三者或者三者以上 另一个） 2）others 后面不能加名词 others = other + 名词复数 3）one. The other. 一个. 另一个.(两者之间) some. Others. 一些. 另一些4）other （无范围）与 the other （有范围） others （无范围）与 the others （

4、有范围） 不定代词something、everything、anything、nothing + 形容词 人称代词 1）主语用主格 2）动词/介词后用宾格； 3）空格后有名词，用形容词性物主代词，没有名词则用名词性物主代词； 名词性物主代词= 形容词性物主代词 + 具体的名词 4）反身代词常考 enjoy oneself / help yourself / dress oneself / teach oneself；5. 考形容词/副词 -ed是修饰人，-ing是修饰事物 形容词修饰名词，副词（一般以ly 结尾）修饰动词，副词修饰形容词 出现than, 用比较级 出现 as. as 结构，用形

5、容词/副词原级 one of + adj最高级+ n 复数 6.考介词 时间介词 at: 用于具体时刻、节日前，例如：at 8:00，at Christmas. 固定搭配：at noon, at nightin: 用于世纪、年、季节、月份等不具体的时间前，例如：in 2011 固定搭配：in the morning/afternoon/evening on: 用于具体的某一天，或具体的早上、下午、晚上; 星期。 on the afternoon of May 5th on a cold day， on Monday/ Tuesday for/since: 后面+一段时间，现在完成时的标志 其它

6、介词 with:与.一起，和.；带着.，有.的；以(手段、材料)，用(工具) without: 没有。by + 交通工具 介词+ doing after/before doing; in doing ; for doing 7.考连词 but/however：表示转折关系；(but后无逗号； however, 后须有逗号)so/therefore/thus：表示因果关系； or：或者、否则之意。 and：表示并列关系； though/although：表示虽然但是，不能与but连用。 all：表示全部都，用于三者以上； none: 表示没有人，用于三者或三者以上（侧重指人，表否定） both.

7、and：表示两者都； either.or：表示两者之一（选择）； neither.nor：表示两者中没有一个； either: 用于句末，表示两者的否定 too: 用于句末，表示两者的肯定 also: 用于句中，表示也8.考动词： 一看：有无时态标志； 单复数标志； 二看：空格前有无情态动词（情态动词+do）、介词 （介词+Ving）三看：并列结构；有无and/or （如有则观察and/or前或后的动词形式，答案选项的形式要与其保持一致） 四看：固定搭配，如make/let sb do sth , see sb do/doing sth 等9.考被动语态 被动语态： be (is/are/am

8、/was/were) + done（过去分词）含有情态动词的被动语态： should/must/can/could/may/mightbe done 10. 考定语从句：跟在名词/代词后面，修饰名词/代词 修饰人：who 修饰物：which 11. 考宾语从句：跟在谓语后面 三要素： 引导词 时态 当主句为一般现在时时，从句可以为任何时态； 当主句为一般过去时时，从句必须用过去时态； 当从句为表示客观事实，真理时，不管主句是什么时态，从句都用一般现在时； 语序：陈序语序 12. 考词性 -tion 一般为名词后缀 separation, selection, -ness 一般为名词后缀 cal

9、mness -ly 一般为副词后缀 luckily, fortunately, -ful 一般为形容词后缀 careful, -ing/-ed 一般为形容词后缀 -ing形容的是物； -ed形容的是人13. 固定搭配 pick up 捡起 wait for 等待 deal with 处理 think of 思考 look ahead向前看，预测未来 look out小心 look on冷眼旁观 look up仰望；查阅；拜访 be pleased with对.满意 be worried about担忧/心 be satisfied with 对.满意 be amazed at对.惊讶 clea

10、r away清除 send away发送，派遣 turn away拒绝 give away赠送，泄露 throw away扔掉 look for 寻找 look up 仰望；查阅；尊敬；拜访 look back 回顾；回头看 look out 注意；小心；面朝；照料 look down 俯视；向下看 look down upon 看不起 look after 照顾 look at 看 be made of. 由制成（看得见的材料） be made from. 由制成（看不见的材料） be made in.产于/制于某地 make up 构成，化妆 make up ones mind to do

11、 sth 下定决心做某事解题方法方法一:上下文推断法根据上下文的提示或暗示,体验语境和作者的情感态度,结合语法知识,选出符合场景的最佳选项。例1(2020年广东省卷节选)Judies class was studying Chinese culture.One day, her teacher went into the classroom31 some kites.31.A.to B.in C.with D.by例2(2020年广东省卷节选)He told them that kites 32 in China more than 2,000 years ago.At the end of

12、the class, he said,“The Chinese make kites that mean something important to them.”32.A.inventB.inventedC.are inventedD.were invented例3(2020年广东省卷节选)You will have a 34 understanding of kites than before.34.A.good B.better C.best D.the best例4(2020年广东省卷节选)“What do you think of when you see a kite?” her

13、dad asked.Judie thought for a moment and 36, “Butterflies.”36.A.answers B.answeredC.will answer D.has answered例5(2020年广东省卷节选)Judies dad agreed that it would be a good idea to make a butterfly kite.They made a cross with some wood sticks,37 then Judie painted a butterfly on a piece of white paper.Nex

14、t they stuck the paper on the cross. Finally they tied a long tail to the bottom. 37.A.and B.butC.or D.so例6(2020年广东省卷节选)Judies dad agreed that it would be a good idea to make a butterfly kiteNext they stuck the paper on the cross.Finally they tied a long tail to the bottom.The next morning, they too

15、k 38 kite to the park and tested it.38.A.a B.an C.the D.例7(2020年广东省卷节选)“Judie, can you tell me 40 you like butterflies?” asked her dad.Judie replied, “To me, butterflies mean beauty and freedom!”40.A.why B.which C.what D.when方法二:句子成分分析法分析句子的各个成分,结合语法知识,补充句子所缺的成分。语法选择中常考的句子成分:谓语(表示做动作的词)、宾语(动作的承受者)、定

16、语(修饰性质的词)、状语(时间、地点、原因、结果、目的、条件等)。例1(2020年广东省卷节选)Judie decided to ask her dad for help as it was 35 first time to make a kite.“What do you think of when you see a kite?” her dad asked.35.A.her B.herself C.hers D.she例2(2020年广州卷节选)The children hold their books close as they say good-bye and run home 12

17、.David and his donkeys head back, over and around the hills, and into the sunset.12.A.cheerB.cheerfulC.cheerfullyD.more cheerful方法三:固定搭配结合上下文并利用动词短语、介词短语、常用句型的固定搭配来直接选择答案。例1(2020年广东省卷节选)At the end of the class, he said, “The Chinese make kites that mean something important to them.I expect each of y

18、ou 33 a kite that means something important to you33.A.make B.to make C.making D.made例2(2020年广东省卷节选)“Wow!” she cried proudly.“39 high my butterfly flies!”39.A.What B.What a C.What an D.How易错点1如何判断形容词或副词的比较等级(2020年广东省卷节选)You will have a 34 understanding of kites than before.A.goodB.betterC.bestD.the

19、best易错点2如何区分形容词性物主代词和名词性物主代词(2020年广东省卷节选)Judie decided to ask her dad for help as it was 35 first time to make a kite.A.her B.herself C.hers D.she四、复习方法1.复习义务教育英语课程标准(2011年版)中的各个语法点并能掌握和熟练运用各语法点的基本结构和基本规则。2.平时多积累,多阅读文章和对话,领悟文章、对话中句子与句子之间的关系,把握段落之间的关系,并理解整篇文章、对话的大致内容以及上下文逻辑关系,不断形成英语的语感,这样做起题目来会更加得心应手

20、。3.加强练习,从中发现并掌握该类题目的规律,对自己不熟悉的、容易错的语法知识抓紧时间查漏补缺。训练自己的逻辑思维,并提高做题的准确性。一 阅读下面短文，按照句子结构的语法性和上下文连贯的要求，从各题所给的 A、B、C和D 项中选出最佳选项Everyone uses his or her own special words 1 his or her ideas and feelings. Some of these expressions are 2 used for many years. 3 are popular for just a short time. Such an Americ

21、an expression is “Where is the beef?” It 4 when something is not as good as it is said to be. 5 , “Where is the beef?” was one of 6 expressions in the United States. It 7 as if everyone was using it at that time.We all know “McDonalds” was famous for a hamburger made 8 beef. When some businessmen sa

22、w it, they opened their own hamburger restaurants. One company 9 “Wendy” said its hamburgers were bigger than 10 sold by McDonalds or anyone elses. The company began to use the expression “Where is the beef?” to make people 11 that Wendys hamburgers were the biggest. The television showed three old

23、women eating hamburgers. The bread 12 covered the meat was very big, but inside there was only 13 meat. One of the women said she would not eat a hamburger with such a little piece of beef. “Where is the beef?” She shouted 14 a funny way. The idea for Wendys hamburger restaurant was a 15 . As we sai

24、d, it seemed everyone began using the expression “Where is the beef?”( ) 1. A. shows B. to show C. showing D. show( ) 2. A. common B. commonly C. in common D. commons( ) 3. A. Other B. The other C. Others D. Another( ) 4. A. using B. used C. is used D. uses( ) 5. A. In the early 1980s B. In early 19

25、80s C. In the early 1980 D. At early 1980s( ) 6. A. popular B. more popular C. most popular D. the most popular( ) 7. A. seemed B. seems C. is seemed D. seem( ) 8. A. of B. from C. by D. in( ) 9. A. calls B. calling C. called D. call( ) 10. A. this B. that C. these D. those( ) 11. A. know B. knows C

26、. knowing D. knew( ) 12. A. who B. whose C. which D. what( ) 13. A. a few B. much C. a lot of D. a bit of( ) 14. A. with B. at C. in D. by( ) 15. A. succeed B. success C. successful D. successfully 二语法选择阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，然后从1-15 小题所给的A、B、C 和D 项中选出一个最佳选项Many, many years ago most people did not have beauti

27、ful books. Some families did not have books at all. The people _1_ did have books had only a few.Instead of _2_ books, people told stories. They would remember things _3_happened to them and would retell these tales to friends.Some stories you read in books today _4_ to children many years ago by th

28、eir fathers and mothers. _5_ those girls and boys grew up, they, in turn, told their children the same tales.Sometimes the stories changed as one man told _6_. That is why today there are different beginnings and different endings to the same folk tales. You _7_ different names for all kinds of char

29、acters in the different versions(版本) of the tales. In this way the stories almost seem _8_ different ones and not your favorite tales at all. Some people _9_ stories. They would suppose _10_ things which had happened could not really have happened. Such people became _11_ as storytellers.In many of

30、the tales, animals did the talking. In others, good men came to help bad men.Strange, exciting things _12_. The different ideas made interesting stories.Some of the early tales, _13_ them Mother Goose verses were told in rhyme. Thepoems were learned by boys and girls at home and at school.What Mothe

31、r Goose rhymes do you know and remember? Do you think there was_14_ a Mother Goose? Mother Goose stories and rhymes are _15_ good ones that we read and enjoy them today, years after they were first told.1. A. whichB. whom C. who D. when2. A. read B. to read C. reads D. reading3. A. who B. that C. wh

32、at D. where4. A. tellB. told C. was told D. were told5. A. When B. Though C. While D. Which6. A. other B. another C. the other D. the others7. A. even find B. even found C. will even find D. would even find8. A. is B. are C. will be D. to be9. A. made in B. made up C. made of D. made from10. A. that

33、 B. what C. when D. where11. A. know B. knewC. known D. to know12. A. happen B. happenedC. are happened D. were happened13. A. in B. of C. among D. between14. A. real B. really C. to be real D. to be really15. A. suchB. so C. such a D. so many 三语法选择阅读下面短文，按照句子结构的语法性和上下文连贯的要求，从115各题所给的A、B、C和D项中选出最佳选项

34、，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。The tradition of birthday parties started a long time ago. There are some traditions1 you can find almost anywhere, anytime, such 2 sending birthday cards, 3 out the candles on a birthday cake and singing the Happy Birthday song. Others are only 4 for certain ages and in certain countri

35、es.In China, 5 a childs second birthday, family members put many things on the floor around the child. According to Chinese tradition, the first thing that the child picks up 6 you what profession the child will choose later in 7 .For Japanese children, 8 third, fifth and seventh birthdays are 9 imp

36、ortant. At this age, there is a special celebration Shichi-Go-San (seven, five, three in Japanese) when children go to the temple wearing a new kimono (和服). The priest (僧侣) gives them special sweets, and the parents usually organize a party for their friends in their home.In Argentina, Mexico and se

37、veral 10 Latin American countries, girls have a special birthday celebration 11 they reach the age of fifteen. After a special ceremony (仪式), the girls dance a waltz with their father and other boys.Eighteen is the traditional coming of agethe age when (in many countries) you have the right to vote

38、(选举), join the army and (in Britain) drink alcohol 12 buy a house.In many English-speaking countries, a 13 birthday cake often has a key on top, or the cake itself is sometimes in the shape of a key. The key means that the young person 14 now 15 to leave and enter the family home at any time they wa

39、nt to!1. A. whereB. whatC. thatD. when2. A. forB. like C. soD. as3. A. blowB. blowingC. to blowD.blown4. A. find B. finds C. foundD. finding5. A. on B. in C. at D. to6. A. tellingB. toldC. will tellD. tells7. A. life B. livesC.livingD.live8. A. a B. anC. theD. /9. A. especialB.especiallyC. more espe

40、cialD. most especial10. A. the otherB. anotherC. othersD. other来源:Z&xx&k.Com11. A. whenB.beforeC. sinceD. because12. A. and B. but C. orD. so13. A. twenty-oneB. twenty-firstC. twentieth-oneD. twentieth-first14. A. hasB. wasC. haveD. is15. A. old enoughB. young enoughC. enough oldD. enough young 四语法选

41、择阅读下面短文，按照句子结构的语法行和上下文连贯的要求，从1-15各题所给的A、 B、 C和D项中选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。The back door of the ambulance was suddenly shut. The driver ran to the front, jumped into his seat and _1_ the engine. Inside were the worried parents, Mr. and Mrs. Green. The mother was holding _2_ baby daughter, Ellen. The little

42、 girl had _3_ food stuck in her throat and _4_ hardly breathe. The driver, Mr. White, turned _5_ his siren (警笛) and flashing light, and started speeding towards the _6_ hospital. The cars ahead of him pulled out of the way as he drove through the busy traffic. From the back of the ambulance, the par

43、ents were shouting _7_ him to hurry, since Ellen had almost stopped breathing. Mr. White knew he had no time to lose, _8_ he drove straight past the traffic lights.Coming towards him from his right was a taxi. The driver _9_ was listening to his radio did not hear the ambulance. The lights were gree

44、n, and he drove straight on into the path of the ambulance.Mr. White tried _10_ his ambulance, but it was too late. It hit _11_ taxi. Everyone was shaken, _12_ no one was hurt. Mr. White looked back to see _13_ little Ellen was.“Look!” cried Mrs. Green. “She _14_ again.”“It must have been the crash,

45、” said her husband _15_. “It knocked the food out of her throat. The accident turned out to be a blessing.”1. A. start B. started C. has started D. starts2. A. their B. theirs C. they D. them3. A. any B. no C. some D. each4. A. would B. might C. should D. could5. A. on B. off C. out D. into6. A. nea

46、r B. nearly C. nearer D. nearest7. A. with B. by C. at D. for8. A. because B. although C. so D. after9. A. which B. why C. while D. who10. A. stop B. to stop C. stops D. stopped11. A. the B. a C. an D. /12. A. and B. or C. but D. before13. A. where B. how C. when D. what14. A. is breathing B. breath

47、ed C. was breathing D. will breathe15. A. happy B. happily C. unhappy D. happiness 五语法选择阅读下面短文，按照句子结构的语法性和上下文连贯的要求，从 115 各题所给的 A、B、 C 和 D 项中选出最佳选项并在答题卡上将该项涂黑I had never noticed herShe was not the kind of girl who could draw attentionShe was not tall（1） looked ordinaryIn class，she liked sitting at th

48、e back，reading or writing notesOne day I asked her（2） aloud the textWhen I heard her standard （标准）American English，I looked at her with new eyesAnd I remembered her nameKellyLater on，the National College Speech Competition would be heldOne student in our school（3） to attendI thought it over and fill

49、ed in her nameKelly practised（4） for the competitionHowever，I was a little worried （5） she was always too quietCould she really（6） well in the competition？（7） the night of the competition，I sat in the front row of the hall very earlyI told her to take it easyHer face turned red and she said nothing（

50、8） seemed that she was really nervousI felt upset，but I just patted her on（9） shoulder and let her go to draw lots （抽签）As a result，she drew No.9while No.8was a boy who was very good at giving speechesSure enough，No.8was very（10） The whole audience made a warm applauseWhile they（11） about his speech

51、with excitement，Kelly appeared on the stageI with no courage to look at herIt was her（12） time to go up the stage，so I couldnt be angry with her for any small mistakesBut at that moment，I found （13） I was so afraid of her failure（失败）The strong spotlight and large hall made（14） so small that nobody s

52、eemed to notice she had been on the stageI felt hopelessBut the moment that surprised me cameI clearly heard a voice，a very loud voice，Now，please focus on meThree times in all，louder and louderThe whole audience fell silentI could hardly believe that loud voice came from the girl，who was usually sof

53、tvoiced and didnt catch attention at allShe gave a perfect speechI think I will never forget this touching lesson（15） my student taught menever underestimate（低估）the power of the silent people1AorBbutCas wellDand2AreadBreadingCto readDto reading3AallowBallowedCwas allowedDallows4AhardBhardlyCharderDh

54、ardest5AthoughBbecauseCwhenDif6AdidBbe doneCdoDdoing7AInBAtCByDon8AThatBThisCItsDIt9AanBaC不填Dthe10AsuccessBsuccessfulCsucceedDsuccessfully11AtalkedBwould talkCas wellDwere talking12AoneBthe oneCfirstDthe first13AwhenBthatCwhyDwhat14AsheBherCherselfDhers15AwhichBwhoseCwhatDwho 六语法选择阅读下面短文，按照句子结构的语法性和

55、上下文连贯的要求，从115各题所给的A、B、C和D项中选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。Xian Xinghai was a very famous musician in China. He wrote one of the greatest pieces of music of the 20th century. In his short life he wrote 1 300 songs and an opera.Xian was bom in Panyu, Guangdong, China in 1905. Because his father died before he was

56、 born, Xian moved from place to place with 2 mother. He began learning to play 3 violin when he was 20 years old. In the beginning, his violin was 4 cheap and badly made that he 5 not play it well. His friends laughed at him. Xian did not stop 6 and soon showed his talent. In 1934, he was one of the

57、 first Chinese students 7 studied in a special music school in Paris. Before he_8_, Xian became the schools best student_9_won several prizes for his talents.In 1935, he returned to China and helped fight against the Japanese army. Later, he came to Yanan 10 music at a college. 11 there were no pian

58、os in Yanan at that time Xian still wrote 11 of his most important music there, including The Yellow River, his most famous work.In May 1940, Xian _13_to the Soviet Union by the Chinese Communist Party to write music for movies. In the Soviet Union, life was very_14_. Xian got sick and later died of

59、 a lung illness _15_October 30, 1945, aged only 40. Xians music, however, lives on in the peoples hearts.1. A. near B. nearly C. nearby D. nearer2. A. he B. him C. his D. hes3. A. a B. an C. the D. this4. A. so B. such C. very D. much5. A. need B. may C. should D. could6. A. practice B. practicing C

60、. to practice D. practised7. A. what B. which C. whom D. who8. A. leave B. leaves C. left D. was leaving9. A. and B. but C. as D. or10. A. teach B. taught C. teaching D. to teach11. A. If B. Although C. When D. Because12. A. any B. little C. few D. some13. A. sent B. was sent C. has sent D. was sending14. A. hard B. harder C. hardest D. the hardest15. A. at B. in C. on D. by