专题14 宾语从句 八年级英语提分方案（外研版）.docx

1、专题14 宾语从句八年级英语提分方案（外研版）序号内容第一部分考点简介第二部分极简语法第三部分寒假作业：宾语从句考点精准把关练一、宾语从句考点简介宾语从句是在主句中做宾语的从句，它是义务教育英语课程标准规定必须掌握的三大从句之一，为中考必考内容。二、宾语从句极简语法 宾语从句的含义：在主句中做宾语的从句叫做宾语从句。如：She knew that the teacher had seen the film.她知道这位老师看过这部电影。“that the teacher had seen the film”做 knew 的宾语，同时又是由连接词 that 引导的从句，所以它叫做宾语从句。2. 宾

2、语从句的分类(1)动词宾语从句：顾名思义，它是位于动词后面的宾语从句。如：He asked whose handwriting was the best in our class他问我们班上谁的书法最好。(2)介词宾语从句：顾名思义，它是位于介词后面的宾语从句。如：I agree with what you said just now.我同意你刚才说的话。(3)形容词宾语从句：顾名思义，它是位于形容词后面的宾语从句。如：I am afraid that I will be late. 恐怕我要迟到了。3. 引导名词性从句的连接词(1)that：没有含义，在宾语从句中不做成分(2)whether

3、/if：表示是否，在宾语从句中不做成分。I don t know if /whether he still lives here after so many years. 我不知道这么多年后，他是否还住在这里。(3)连接代词：what, which, who, whom, whose（在宾语从句中做主、宾、表和定语）连接副词：where, when, how, why（在宾语从句中做状语）The small children don t knowwhat is in their stockings（what 在宾语从句中做主语）这些小孩子不知道什么在他们的长筒袜里。Could you tell

4、 me why you were late for the meeting this morning？（why 在宾语从句中做原因状语）你能告诉我为什么你今天早上开会迟到吗？4. 在做宾语从句的题目时应注意两点(1)时态：当主句是现在时态时，宾语从句可以根据需要使用任何时态。I don t know when he will come back我不知道他将何时回来。He tells me that his sister came back yesterday他告诉我他姐姐昨天回来了。当主句是过去时态时，宾语从句必须是一种过去的时态。She asked me if I knew whose pe

5、n it was她问我是否知道这是谁的钢笔。He said that he could finish his work before supper他说他会在晚饭前完成工作。当表示客观事实或普遍真理的句子做宾语从句时，任何时候都用一般现在时。The teacher said that the earth goes round the sun老师说过地球绕着太阳转。(2)语序：任何从句都使用陈述句语序，宾语从句当然也不例外。 三、寒假作业：宾语从句考点精准把关练一、单选题1Could you tell me _ you were late for the meeting this morning?

6、AwhereBwhyCwhen【答案】B【详解】句意：你能告诉我今天早上你为什么开会迟到吗？考查宾语从句。where哪里；why为什么；when什么时候。宾语从句中缺少状语，由语境可知，此处询问迟到的原因，用why。故选B。2How beautiful your skirt is! Could you please tell me _? Thanks. I bought it on Taobao.Awhere you bought itBwhen you bought itCwhy you bought itDwho you bought it【答案】A【详解】句意：你的裙子多漂亮啊！你能告诉

7、我你在哪里买的吗？谢谢。我在淘宝买的。考查宾语从句。由“Could you please tell me”可知，空格处为宾语从句，应用陈述句语序；结合答语“I bought it on Taobao”可知，此处询问的是地点，故用where引导宾语从句。故选A。3Do you know_? In about 3 years.Ahow long it will take to complete Changsha Subway Line 6Bhow soon Changsha Subway Line 6 will be completedC how far is it from our school

8、 to the subway station【答案】B【详解】句意：你知道长沙地铁6号线将在什么时候完工吗？大约3年后。考查宾语从句。根据句子结构可知，空格处为宾语从句，从句中应用陈述语序，先排除C；how long it will take to complete Changsha Subway Line 6“将会花费多长时间完成长沙地铁6号线”；how soon Changsha Subway Line 6 will be completed“长沙地铁6号线将在什么时候完工”，由下面的回答“In about 3 years”可知，此处询问完工的时间，B选项符合语境，故选B。4Do you

9、know _? Its made all by hand.Awhere the bag is madeBhow the bag is madeCwhat the bag is made ofDwho the bag is made by【答案】B【详解】句意：你知道这个包是如何制作的吗? 它是手工做的。考查宾语从句。根据答语“Its made all by hand.”可知，是询问制作这个包的方式，即“这个包是如何制作的”，故选B。5Could you tell me _? Of course. Go straight ahead and youll see its just opposite

10、 the cinema.Ahow can I get to the nearest bus stationBwhere the nearest flower shop wasChow I can get to the nearest bookshopDwhere is the nearest bank【答案】C【详解】句意：你能告诉我怎样去最近的书店吗？ 当然。一直往前走，你就会在电影院的对面看到它。考查宾语从句。could是can的过去式，用于表示请求的疑问句中不表示过去，而表示委婉的提出请求，排除B；含有宾语从句的复合句，宾语从句要用陈述语序，排除A；根据“Go straight ahea

11、d and youll see its just opposite the cinema.”可知，此处是问怎样去最近的书店。因此用how引导宾语从句。故选C。6What did Jim say in the letter?He said _ Paris was a good place.AthatBwhenChowDif【答案】A【详解】句意：吉姆在信里说了什么？他说巴黎是个好地方。考查宾语从句的引导词。that引导宾语从句，没有实在意义；when引导宾语从句，什么时候；how引导宾语从句，怎么样；if引导宾语从句，是否。根据语境，空处只起引导宾语从句的作用，没有实在意义。故选A。7Have

12、you decided _?Not quite sure yet, maybe the beach in Los Angeles.Awhen you are going on holidayBwhere you are going on holidayCwho you are going on holiday withDhow long you are going to stay there【答案】B【详解】句意：你决定去哪里度假了吗？ 还不太确定，也许是洛杉矶的海滩。考查宾语从句。when you are going on holiday你什么时候去度假？where you are goin

13、g on holiday你要去哪里度假？who you are going on holiday with你要和谁一起度假？how long you are going to stay there你打算在那里呆多久？根据答句提到“the beach in Los Angeles”可知，此处是对地点提问，因此是由where引导的宾语从句。故选B。8Can you tell me _ he will leave or not?AthatBwhetherCwhereDwhen【答案】B【详解】句意：你能告诉我他将离开还是不离开吗？考查宾语从句。根据“or not”可知不确定是否离开，所以用wheth

14、er引导宾语从句；whether.or not意为“是否”，故选B。9I really want to know _.Ahow far is itBwhat is itCwhere he livesDwhy does he run so fast【答案】C【详解】句意：我真的想知道他住在哪里。考查宾语从句。动词know后面是宾语从句，用陈述句的语序（引导词+主语+谓语动词），A、B和D选项语序错误，C选项“where he lives”表示他住在哪里，语序正确。故选C。10Could you tell me_?At about 11:30.Awhen the last bus will arr

15、iveBwhen will the last bus arriveChow soon the last bus will arriveDhow soon will the last bus arrive【答案】A【详解】句意：你能告诉我末班车什么时候到吗？ 大约11:30。考查宾语从句。宾语从句应该用陈述句的语序，排除B/D；根据“At about 11:30.”大约11:30。可知，此处问的是末班车到的时间。因此用when引导。故选A。【点睛】此题考查宾语从句。宾语从句特别要注意的是它的语序和引导词。1. 语序：无论主句是陈述句还是疑问句，宾语从句都必须使用陈述句语序，即宾语从句的主从句是一

16、体的，因此排除B/D。2. 引导词：根据答语，确定引导词。此题就是根据“At about 11:30.”大约11:30。来确定引导词用when。故选A。11Could you tell me _ your holiday, Jim?Yes. In Singapore.A where did you spendBhow you spentChow will you spend Dwhere you spent【答案】D【详解】句意：吉姆，你能告诉我你在哪里度过假期的？好的，在新加坡。考查宾语从句。tell me后面是宾语从句，用陈述句的语序（主语+谓语动词），A和C的语序错误，排除A和C选项。根

17、据“In Singapore”在新加坡，可知此句表达的是在哪里度过假期，用where引导从句。how you spent表示“怎样度过”不符合题意。故选D。12Could you please tell me _? Yes. He went there by train last month.Awhere Mr. Chen will goBwhen Mr. Chen goes to BeihaiChow did Mr. Chen go to BeihaiDhow Mr. Chen went to Beihai【答案】D【详解】句意：你能告诉我陈先生是怎么去北海的吗？是的。他上个月乘火车去那里。

18、考查宾语从句。where Mr. Chen will go Mr. Chen将去哪里，一般将来时，陈述句； when Mr. Chen goes to Beihai Mr. Chen何时去北海，一般现在时态，陈述句；How did Mr. Chen go to Beihai Mr. Chen怎样去北戴河，一般过去时，特殊疑问句； How Mr. Chen went to Beihai Mr. Chen怎样去北戴河，一般过去时态，陈述句；此题是宾语从句，用陈述语序，排除C；根据“Could you please tell me”可知，从句是所需任何时态，根据下文“Yes. He went the

19、re by train last month.”可知，宾语从句是一般过去时态。故选D。【点睛】英语中宾语从句的考题做题时要注意。可以分三步走。第一步：确定引导词。根据句意理解来确定用哪个词引导；第二步，看语序。根据“宾语从句必须用陈述句语序”的原则来排除一部分答案，；第三步，看时态。如本题根据语序，排除C；根据“Could you please tell me”可知，从句是所需任何时态，根据下文“Yes. He went there by train last month.”可知，宾语从句是一般过去时态。排除AB；故选D。13I cant see _ on the blackboard. Ma

20、y I borrow your notebook?Sure. Here you are.Awhat did our teacher writeBwhat our teacher wroteCwhy our teacher wroteDhow did our teacher write【答案】B【详解】句意：我看不到老师在黑板上写了什么。我可以借一下你的笔记本吗？当然了，给你。what did our teacher write老师写了什么，疑问句语序；what our teacher wrote我们的老师写了什么，陈述语序；why our teacher wrote我们的老师为什么写，陈述句语

21、序；how did our teacher write我们的老师怎样写，疑问句语序。根据句子结构可知，该空引导的是宾语从句，应用陈述语序，故先排除A和D；根据句意May I borrow your notebook?可知，说话人看不清楚老师写的什么，故应选B。14- Could you tell me _? - You will stay with an English family and take part in their daily life.Awhen I should pay for the courseBwhat the best part of the course isCho

22、w long the shortest course lastsDwhere I can go sightseeing after class【答案】B【详解】句意：你能告诉我这门课最棒的部分是什么吗？你会和一个英国家庭呆在一起，并参与他们的日常生活。考查宾语从句。根据Could you tell me _? 可知本题考查宾语从句，宾语从句三个要素：引导词、陈述句语序、时态。四个选项均为陈述语序，when什么时候，对时间提问；what什么，对事物内容提问；how long多长，是对长度或一段时间的提问；where哪里，是对地点提问。根据答语You will stay with an Engli

23、sh family and take part in their daily life.可知这是对事物内容的回答，所以宾语从句的引导词应用what，故答案选B。15 Could you tell me_ at this time yesterday?Oh, I was watching TV.Awhen you were goingBwhere you were goingCwhat you were doing【答案】C【解析】试题分析：句意：-你能告诉我昨天这个时候你在做什么吗？-哦，我在看电视。when 何时；where何地；what什么。结合答语可知该选C。考点：考查疑问词辨析。16B

24、en, could you tell me_?Hes my cousin from Shenzhen.Awho he isBwhere is sheCwho is heDwhere he is【答案】A【解析】【详解】考查宾语从句用法。句意：本，你能告诉我_吗？他是从深圳来的我堂弟。who he is他是谁，陈述句语序；where is she她在哪里；who is he他是谁，是疑问语序；where he is他在哪里。根据主句的动词tell可知在宾语从句中用陈述语序，排除B和C；第二句回答的是人物，引导词用who，故选A。17Could you tell me_?Sure. Walk st

25、raight along this street and youll find it.Ahow can I get to the post officeBwhere is the post officeCwhich is the way to the post officeDhow far the post office is【答案】C【详解】句意：你能告诉我去邮局的路吗？当然。沿着这条街一直走，你就会发现它。考查宾语从句的陈述语序。宾语从句要用陈述语序，即引导词+主语+谓语+其他，可以排除AB；D选项是问邮局有多远，结合答语是问去邮局的路。故选 C。18Do you think_?It mu

26、st be Carlas.She loves volleyball.Awho is CarlaBwho Carla isCwhose volleyball this isDwhose volleyball is this【答案】C【详解】句意：你认为这是谁的排球吗？一定是卡拉的。她喜欢排球。考查宾语从句。根据句意可知，此句是宾语从句，从句要用陈述语序，故排除A和D；根据下句It must be Carlas可知，此空应填whose volleyball this is，故排除B，故选C。19Could you please tell me_? At the supermarket across

27、 from our school.Awhere can I buy some masks（口罩）Bwhen I can buy some masksCwhen can I buy some masksDwhere I can buy some masks【答案】D【详解】句意：你能告诉我在哪里可以买到口罩吗?在我们学校对面的超市。考查宾语从句。根据Could you please tell me，可知本题考查宾语从句，在宾语从句中所使用的语序应该是陈述句语序，选项A、C是疑问句语序，排除掉；再根据答语At the supermarket across from our school.，可知上文

28、应是询问地点的，所以引导词应用where，when是询问时间的，排除B选项；故选D。20 Could you tell me _ for the fruit? By paying over the Internet.Ahow will I payBhow much I will payChow I will pay【答案】C【详解】句意：你能告诉我我怎么付水果的钱吗？通过互联网支付。考查宾语从句。根据句意理解及句子结构分析可知，空格在句中做的是宾语，而选项是句子，所以这里是宾语从句，首先根据宾语从句要用陈述句语序排除A选项，再由回答By paying over the Internet.可知，

29、问的是“如何支付”，所以排除B选项，故选C。【点睛】英语中宾语从句的考题做题时要注意。可以分三步走。第一步：确定引导词。根据句意理解来确定用哪个词引导，本题根据后面的回答确定用how引导，所以排除B选项；第二步，看语序。根据“宾语从句必须用陈述句语序”的原则来排除一部分答案，本题排除A选项；第三步，看时态。根据“主现从不限，主过从必过”的原则确定从句时态，但要排除从句表达客观事实或者真理时只用现在时；利用这三点即可确定选项答案。21 Dear friends, do you still remember _three years ago? In order to realize our dre

30、ams.Ahow did you come hereBhow you came hereCwhy did you come hereDwhy you came here【答案】D【详解】句意：亲爱的朋友，你还记得三年前你为什么来这里吗?为了实现我们的梦想。考查宾语从句。根据do you still remember _three years ago?可知，这里考查宾语从句，宾语从句要用陈述语序，A、C选项为疑问语序，排除；再根据答语In order to realize our dreams. 为了实现我们的梦想，可知表示的是目的，所以用why提问，排除B选项；故答案选D。22 Could y

31、ou tell me _? Yes. I bought it online.Awhere do you buy the sweaterBwhere you buy the sweaterCwhere did you buy the sweaterDwhere you bought the sweater【答案】D【详解】句意：你能告诉我你在哪里买的这件毛衣？当然。我在网上买的。考查宾语从句。宾语从句要用陈述语序，即“主语+谓语”，排除A和C选项；由“I bought it online”可知句子是一般过去时，从句也要用一般过去时。故选D。二、句型转换1. The hungry boy ate

32、up all the food on the plate. (变为被动语态）All the food on the plate2324up by the hungry boy.2. Mary bought a new car two weeks ago. (用完成时态改写）Mary2526a new car for two weeks.3. Work hard, or you will fall behind your classmates. (改成条件状语从句)27you work hard, you will fall behind your classmates.【答案】23 was 24 eaten 25 has 26 had 27 Unless 【解析】【分析】试题分析：23was.变为被动语态主语是the food 是不可数名词故用was.24eaten 在被动语态中用动词eatd的过去分词形式eaten。25has在完成时态中have/has +done sth.主语是第三人称单数，因此用has.26had完成时态中动词用过去分词形式，动词表示持续性的动作,故在这里用had.27Unless根据句意：如果你不努力，就会落后于别人。改为状语从句用Unless 引导，除非，故用unless.考点：考查句型转换。