专题22 阅读理解 说明文 - 2023年中考英语语法题型总复习宝典.docx

1、2023年中考英语语法题型总复习宝典专题二十二 阅读理解类型三 说明文人与自我生活与学习Passage 1(2022江苏连云港)Did you know that vocabulary(词汇) is more important than grammar? If you have good vocabulary, you can communicate successfully, even if the grammar is not completely perfect.However, one common problem is learning new words and then for

2、getting them. So when you want to use a new word in a conversation, you cant remember it at that moment. Does this often happen to you? The reason for this difficulty is that most students try to learn vocabulary by studying lists and dictionaries and remembering the words. But it may not work if yo

3、u dont have a very good memory.The best way to learn vocabulary and remember the words successfully is to learn new words and use them at once. You can do this with a very simple exercise. Every time you learn a new word, for example, from an English lesson or an article, write it down in your vocab

4、ulary notebook. Writing is more active than just reading a definition(释义).You should write the word, the definition in English or translation, one example sentence from the article or dictionary and one example sentence that you create.Imagine you just learn the word “generous”; write in your vocabu

5、lary notebook: generous (adjective), definition-giving or willing to give freely. Example one, from the article: Thanks for paying for my dinner; youre very generous. Example two, my example: My brother is generous because he volunteers at the animal shelter on weekends. Its best if your example sen

6、tences are true to your life, because this creates a personal connection with the new word. The next day, read your vocabulary notebook again and try to add one more example sentence using the new word. Its helpful for you to remember it. These two simple steps-writing the word and using it at once-

7、help you remember and use new words.Do you have a vocabulary notebook? If not, start now.1.What does the underlined word “it” in paragraph 2 refer to?A. The problem.B. The new word.C. The conversation.D. The dictionary.2. Whats the correct order of the following steps of taking vocabulary notes?Make

8、 your own example sentence.Write the word, its English definition or translation.Copy an example sentence from the article or dictionary.Read your notebook again and add one more example sentence.A.B.C.D.3.How can we make the best example sentences according to the writer?A. By asking for help from

9、friends.B. By explaining words definitions.C. By connecting them with our life.D. By adding words from the article.4.Whats the best title for the passage?A. Tips for Translating WordsB. Advice on Using GrammarC. Abilities of Creating ExamplesD. Ways of Learning New Words答案:语篇解读 本文主要介绍了英语学习中增加词汇量的方法。

10、最佳方法是学后立即使用。先在笔记本上写出生词及英文定义或者翻译，再摘录并创造跟生活关联紧密的例句，可以帮助你有效地记忆并使用生词。子主题为“积极的学习体验，恰当的学习方法与策略，勤学善思”。1.B 代词指代题。根据“one common problem is learning new words and then forgetting them”可知这里指的是学习生词然后又忘记了。再结合上文“when you want to use a new word”可知这里的it就是指代“the new word”。2.A 排序题。根据第三、四段内容可知，第一步在笔记本上记下生词及英文解释或翻译；第二步

11、从文章中或字典中摘录例句；第三步创作自己的例句；第四步复习词汇笔记再增添一个例句加以巩固。3.C 细节理解题。根据第四段中的“Its best if your example sentences are true to your life, because this creates a personal connection with the new word.”可知选C.4.D 最佳标题题。全文分成五段，从阐述词汇学习的重要性到介绍生词学习的方法，并举例说明如何具体操作。所有的内容都是在围绕词汇学习的方法来展开的。Passage 2(2022四川南充)A tree has roots. Pe

12、ople have roots too. If you get to the root of a problem, you will solve it. Its the same thing with words. Dig deeply into a big, unfamiliar word and you will understand where it came from.As readers, especially those reading in a second language, we need to deal with the text as if we were detecti

13、ves(侦探)looking for information to unlock the unknown. Like any good detective arriving on the crime scene, the first thing to do when meeting a new and difficult word is to judge the situation, to look at everything that is known and see if it helps us to understand what it means.As you know, prefix

14、es(前缀)and suffixes(后缀)can be added to the beginning or end of words to change the meaning. Know them, and you will have the word building power. But root words are the key. Take time to learn a few of these, put them in your memory, and you will become a master word detective.Lets look at one common

15、 root word used in English. “Alter” from the Latin word means “other”. When you meet this root word, you know that the bigger word has something to do with “other”. Examine the word “alternate”. Can you find the Latin root in it?If you and your friend like to eat out, first you pay and the other pay

16、s the next time. You are alternating paying.If you go to the movies on alternate Saturdays, you go on one Saturday, but not the other Saturday.If you have no alternative, you have no other choice.Learn as many root words as possible in the language you are studying. Then use your “rooting for words”

17、 skills. Like any new skill, practice and hard work are always paid back.1.What does the underlined word “it” in paragraph 2 refer to?A. The situation.B. The crime scene.C.A new and difficult word.D. Everything that is known.2. If Jim and Lily go to the movies, which one below is “alternating paying

18、”?A. They each pay half.B. Jim pays every time.C. They take turns paying.D. Their parents pay for them.3. How does the author explain his ideas about root words?A. By giving a fact.B. By taking an example.C. By telling a story.D. By having a discussion.4.“Sen” from the Latin word means “old”. Which

19、word uses this Latin root?A. My brother is my senior by two years.B. He was ill so he was absent from school.C.A criminal was sentenced to death by law.D.60 students were present at the sports meeting.5.Which of the following shows the structure(结构)of the passage?(=paragraph 1 =paragraph 2,.)ABCD答案:

20、语篇解读 文章介绍了根据词根学习语言的一些方法。子主题为“积极的学习体验，恰当的学习方法与策略，勤学善思”。1.C 代词指代题。根据第二段第二句可知，当遇到一个新的、难的单词时，第一件要做的事情是判断情况，研究所有已知的内容，看看这些内容是否有助于我们理解“它”的意思。此处“it”指的是“一个新的、难的单词”。2.C 词义理解题。根据方框中的If you and your friend like to eat out, first you pay and the other pays the next time. You are alternating paying.”可知，如果你和你的朋友喜

21、欢出去吃饭，你先付钱，下次由对方付钱，这样就是“轮流付钱”。3.B 写作手法题。根据第四段内容可知，作者通过举例来解释对词根的看法。4.A 推理判断题。根据题干中的“Sen from the Latin word means old,”可知，“Sen”来自拉丁语，意思是“老”。选项My brother is my senior by two years.”表示“我哥哥比我大两岁”。5.B 文章结构题。分析文章内容可知，第一段引出主题；第二段介绍处理文本时需要注意的事情；第三、四段介绍前、后缀和词根的意义；第五段总结全文，升华主题。Passage 3(2022陕西)Do you know the

22、 word migrate? It is a word usually used to talk about certain animals such as birds, fish and so on. When animals migrate, they travel a long way from one part of the world to another according to the season. For example, swallows(燕子)migrate south in winter. Many animals migrate-they do this often

23、at the same time and to the same place each year. They move to places where conditions are better-where the weather is warmer, where there is more food and water ,or where their young will be safer.People also migrate. When people migrate, they go to live in another area or country, especially in or

24、der to find work. In English, when people leave their home country in order to live in another country, we use the word emigrate* instead of migrate. From migrate and emigrate come the words migration and emigration. However, if people move from their home country to another to live there forever(永久

25、地),the word changes from emigrate to immigrate in the English language. Then the word immigration is born.Isnt word-making of the English language interesting? And can this process(过程)of finding out the relationships between words and learning them in a group or groups be a way for you to learn the

26、language?*Based on Longman Dictionary of Contemporary English, 6th edition1.Which of the following situations can match the main idea of Paragraph 1?A. Snakes move into holes to sleep in winter.B. Fish swim to clean waters because of pollution.C. Birds fly very far away to find food and return to gi

27、ve it to their babies.D. Monarch butterflies in North America fly south to stay away from the cold.2.According to the passage, if people_ , they leave their home country to live in another forever.A. travelB. migrateC. emigrateD. immigrate3. The passage is written to_.A. introduce migration of anima

28、lsB. tell readers a way of learning EnglishC. show how English words changeD. explain why people migrate答案:语篇解读 本文主要通过举例介绍英语单词的联系和区别，来告诉读者一种学习英语的方法。子主题为“积极的学习体验，恰当的学习方法与策略，勤学善思”。1.D 推理判断题。根据第一段中“When animals migrate, they.their young will be safer.”可知选D.2.D 细节理解题。根据第二段中“However, if people move from

29、their home country to another to live there forever, the word changes from emigrate to immigrate in the English language.”可知选D.3.B 写作目的题。根据第三段中“And can this process of finding out the relationships between words and learning them in a group or groups be a way for you to learn the language?”可知，文章介绍了掌

30、握单词之间的关系可以成为学习语言的一种方式。Passage 4(2022四川泸州)March 21 is World Sleep Day. Here are some facts about sleep.Sleep at advised timesIn 2021,the Ministry of Education(MOE) advised that junior and senior high school students should go to bed before 10 pm and 11 pm respectively(分别地)How do astronauts sleep?Just

31、 like on Earth, a person in space goes to bed at night and then wakes up the next day. But in space there is no up or down, and you do not feel the pull of gravity(重力).As a result, astronauts usually sleep in fixed sleeping bags.Earworms happen while sleepingSome people enjoy listening to music a lo

32、t. While were awake, the music we know well keeps ringing in our ears, which is called earworms(耳虫现象). This can happen during sleep as well, which could cause problems in getting to sleep and staying asleep.Sleep with your pet?Pets, like dogs and cats, do not sleep continuously and they will often g

33、et up and walk on the bed, which can make you sleep even worse.But recent studies found that having pets in the bed may help people who are often worried. The pets, like soft toys, can help cut down their worry.Socks can help us sleepStudies have shown that wearing socks to bed can help you fall asl

34、eep faster!Hands and feet help exchange(交换)heat between the far ends of the body and the heart. Wearing socks means an increase of blood to your hands and feet, which cuts down your core(核心的)body temperature. The lower the core body temperature is, the faster you fall asleep.1.According to MOE, juni

35、or high school students should_.A. go to bed before 10 pmB. go to bed before 11 pmC. sleep at least 10 hours a dayD. sleep at least 11 hours a day2.Why do astronauts sleep in fixed sleeping bags?A. Because there is no bed in the space station.B. Because there is no pull of gravity in space.C. Becaus

36、e sleeping bags are comfortable.D. Because the spaceship is too small.3.According to the passage, earworms can_.A. be bad for sleep qualityB. improve music abilityC. help people fall asleep quicklyD. appear only during the day4.How does wearing socks help us sleep?A. By making feet warmer than hands

37、.B. By increasing blood to hands and feet.C. By making core body temperature higher.D. By exchanging heat between hands and feet.5.Which of the following statements about sleep is true according to the passage?A. World Sleep Day falls in the fifth month each year.B. The sleeping bag is the best choi

38、ce for sleep.C. Sleeping with pets helps worried people.D. Music can help people sleep longer.答案:语篇解读 本文主要介绍了关于睡眠的一些事实。子主题为“健康、文明的行为习惯与生活方式”。1.A 细节理解题。根据“junior and senior high school students should go to bed before 10 pm.”可知初中生晚上10点前要睡觉。2.B 细节理解题。根据“you do not feel the pull of gravity. As a result

39、, astronauts usually sleep in fixed sleeping bags”可知太空中没有重力，所以宇航员睡在睡袋里。3.A 细节理解题。根据“This can happen during sleep as well, which could cause problems in getting to sleep and staying asleep.”可知耳虫现象会造成睡眠问题，所以对睡眠质量有不好的影响。4.B 细节理解题。根据“Wearing socks means an increase of blood to your hands and feet.the fa

40、ster you fall asleep.”可知穿袜子意味着流向手脚的血液增加，这会降低核心体温，核心体温越低，就人睡越快。5.C 细节理解题。根据“But recent studies found that having pets in the bed may help people who are often worried.”可知和宠物睡觉可能会帮助那些经常担心的人。Passage 5(2022 山东泰安)Counting the hairs on your head would be very difficult. Many have tried, but most people gi

41、ve up after losing count or getting bored! However, scientists say people have more than 100,000 hairs on their heads on average. Of course, this number is different from person to person. Some people have much more hair than others.What causes hair loss? There are many reasons, such as stress, illn

42、ess and styling. It also runs in families. Besides, many people simply lose hair as they grow older. To avoid losing hair, you should wash your hair correctly and condition(养护) your hair to help keep your hair healthy. Its also important to be gentle when brushing or combing hair.Hair loss is not th

43、e same as daily shedding(脱落)People lose an average of 50 to 100 hairs a day. Its normal. If you are losing more hair than average, talk to the adults you trust. They can help you decide whether to ask a doctor for help.Why do humans have hair on their heads? Most other mammals(哺乳动物)have thick fur(毛)

44、 covering their whole bodies. While humans grow small and fine(细微的)hairs on much of their skin, its much thicker on the top of the head. Scientists say the answers come down to evolution. Humans probably evolved without fur because they have more sweat glands(汗腺)than other mammals. Humans walk uprig

45、ht on two legs. Therefore, the top of their heads needs protection from the sun. This is why people have more hair on their heads than on the rest of their bodies. The hair also helps keep heat in cold weather and keep a healthy body temperature.1.How many reasons for hair loss are mentioned in Para

46、graph 2?A.3.-B.4.-C.5.-D.6.2.You can take the following measures(措施)to avoid losing hair except_.A. wearing a hat all the timeB. washing your hair correctlyC. brushing or combing hair gentlyD. conditioning your hair3.What does the underlined word “evolution mean in the last paragraph?A.进化B.发育C.天生D.训

47、练4.What can we learn from the passage?A. In general, its easier for young people to lose hair than old people.B. The hair on human heads helps keep heat in cold weather.C. If you lose 50 to 100 hairs every day, you must ask a doctor for help.D. All the mammals have thick fur covering their whole bod

48、ies because they have no sweat glands. 答案:语篇解读 本文介绍了人类头发的数量、掉头发的原因、避免脱发的方法以及人类长头发的原因。子主题为“健康、文明的行为习惯与生活方式”。1.C 细节理解题。根据第二段内容可知一共提到5个原因： stress, illness, styling, runs in families, grow older.2.A 细节理解题。根据第二段最后两句可知，没有提到 wearing a hat all the time,故选A.3.A 词义猜测题。根据画线词后面的内容可知，科学家说人类比其他哺乳动物有更多的汗腺，导致人类身上没有

49、毛，但是由于直立行走需要保护头部，故长了很多头发，推断这是进化的结果。4.B 细节理解题。根据文章最后一句中的 The hair also helps keep heat in cold weather 可知B项正确。Passage 6(2022 广东广州)The World of OrienteeringImagine you are in a new city. You ask someone how to get to a bookstore. They tell you to go straight, turn left, and you will find it on your le

50、ft. In fact, you can also find your way with a phone. Now imagine you are in an outdoor game. You only have a map and a compass, and instead of running down a city road, you may need to run around in the woods, climb over rocks and go up and down hills. Welcome to orienteering!In the game of oriente

51、ering, players use a map and a compass to find stations. These stations are called controls. A special flag, usually in bright colours, marks each control. Controls are not easy to find. They may be in front of a big rock or behind a tree. In most of the games, youll have to find controls in numbere

52、d order, but in some games you can change the order.At each control, players mark a card they carry with them and the card will be marked in different ways(See Figure 1). The cards are very important because players must find all the controls to win. If someone misses a control, they wont have that

53、mark on their cards. They might cross the finish line first, but the next person to finish with a full card will win the game. 1.What will players carry in the game?A.A map, a compass and a flag.B.A flag, a compass and a card.C.A compass, a map and a card.D.A phone, a compass and a map.2.Which of th

54、e following is a rule of the game?A. You dont need to mark the cards.B. You cant miss any of the controls to win.C. You have. to find controls in numbered order.D. You must be the first to pass the finish line to win.3. How many controls has Anna finished in the game?A.9.B.10.C.11.D.12. 答案:语篇解读 本文介绍

55、了定向越野比赛及其规则。子主题为“运动与游戏，安全与防护”。1.C 细节理解题。根据第二段第一句可知，地图和指南针是参赛者必须使用的。第三段第一句说“在每个控制点，参赛者会在他们随身携带的卡片上做标记”。因此，卡片也是必须随身携带的。2.B 细节理解题。根据第三段第二句可知，参赛者必须找到全部控制点才能赢得比赛。3.B 图文理解题。根据第三段第一句可知，只有经过控制点，卡片上才会被标记上不同的记号。图片中共有10个小格子被标上了标记，说明Anna通过了10个控制点。人与自我做人与做事Passage 7(2022浙江湖州)There are lots of things that cause s

56、tress(压力)in our lives, such as school problems, arguments with friends and sometimes bad feelings about ourselves. We all experience stress at times, but its important to manage it properly and reduce(减少)its influence. Here are some helpful tips for dealing with stress.Sometimes we feel stressed wit

57、hout understanding the reason. So whenever youre stressed, you should stop and think. What is really happening? How can you improve the situation? Try keeping a diary about your problems and the possible causes.Do you always wait until Sunday evening to do homework? This bad habit can cause “last-mi

58、nute” stress, as well as poor grades. To avoid that, time management is greatly needed. Plan your studies and other activities with a calendar. You can also divide big projects into smaller tasks. In this way, youll always know how much time you really have.Besides, healthy habits are very important

59、 for reducing stress. Be sure to eat healthy meals and get at least eight hours of sleep. Avoid checking your mobile phone or using the computer before bedtime. It will keep you awake!When youre feeling stressed, its helpful to speak to someone who understands your situation, such as your friends an

60、d family. Sometimes its enough to talk about your problems and share your feelings. Other times, however, you might need advice or suggestions. Dont keep your worries to yourself.Finally, relaxation is important. Find some free time for activities that you enjoy, such as sports, hobbies and meeting

61、with friends. For example, seeing a film or hanging out after 5 days study could be a good choice. If you find some time to relax and enjoy yourself, youll feel refreshed, have more energy, and reduce your level of stress.1.What advice does the writer give to reduce stress in Paragraph 3?A.Stop and

62、think.-B.Manage your time.-C.Watch your health.-D.Reach out for help.2. How does the writer develop Paragraph 6?A.By telling stories.-B.By listing numbers.-C.By asking questions.-D.By giving examples.3. Which of the following is the structure of the passage?ABCD答案:语篇解读 文章介绍了缓解压力的几个好办法。子主题为“自我认识，自我管理

63、，自我提升”。1.B 细节理解题。根据第三段第三句“To avoid that, time management is greatly needed.”可知，作者的建议是管理好时间。2.D 写作手法题。根据第六段中的“For example”可知，作者通过举例阐述本段。3.A 文章结构题。第一段是总起，先提出了压力大的问题，再提出有几个好建议。第二、三、四、五、六段分别提出了不同的建议，并且用besides, finally等词衔接，证明它们之间是并列关系，所以本文是“总一分”结构。Passage 8(2022 河北)1.How can you interest your listeners

64、at the beginning?A. By listing your ideas.B. By telling a funny story.C. By standing up straight.D. By saying simple words.2. Which is the“ big day” according to the text?A. The day you prepare videos.B. The day you get some advice.C. The day you visit your friends.D. The day you make a presentation

65、.3.What is the good way to end your presentation?A. To repeat topics.B. To show thanks.C. To make suggestions.D. To share main ideas.4. Which question could best help us find out the writers purpose?A. Did the writer try to teach us skills?B. Did the writer help us understand ideas?C. Did the writer

66、 invite us to attend a course?D. Did the writer ask us to be polite in public? 答案:语篇解读 本文介绍展示的重要性以及如何在观众面前展示。子主题为“自我认识，自我管理，自我提升”。1.B 细节理解题。由原文中The beginning of your presentation should be interesting. For example, you can tell a short, funny story to make people laugh.”可知，在开头可以讲一个有趣的故事来使听众感兴趣。2.D 词

67、义理解题。由原文中“You need to practice many times before the big day.”可推知，“big day”就是你展示的那一天。3.B 细节理解题。由原文中“Finally, be sure to thank your audience.but good way to end any presentation.”可知，最好的结束方式是表示感谢。4.A 写作目的题。本文开头介绍了展示的重要性，然后分四个步骤教给我们展示的技能。所以，作者的目的是尽力教给我们展示的技能。人与社会历史、社会与文化Passage 1(2022 新疆)Why did Chines

68、e people have more than one name in ancient times?In ancient China, peoples names had three parts, their family name, given name and courtesy name. Take famous poet Li Bai for example. His family name, which came from his fathers name, was Li. His given name was Bai, and his courtesy name was Taibai

69、.People used their given names when they were among family members. But in social life, they called each other by their courtesy names to show respect. This was mostly done among people of similar age. If you were talking about yourself, or if your elders were talking about you, the given name would

70、 be used instead of the courtesy name.Men would get their courtesy names when they turned 20. It was a symbol of adulthood(成年). Women would get their curtesy names after getting engaged.Ones courtesy name often had something to do with ones given name. For example, the name of Mencius was Meng Ke. H

71、is courtesy name was Ziyu. Both Ke and Ziyu mean“carriage(马车)”. Zhuge Liangs given name was Liang, which means “bright”. His courtesy name was Kongming, which means “very bright”.1.How many parts are there in peoples names in ancient China?A.3.B.4.C.5.D.6.2. What does the underlined word “courtesy”

72、in Paragraph 2 mean in Chinese?A.名B.姓氏C.字D.昵称3.Why did people call each other by their courtesy names in social life?A. To show their love.B. To show their good relationship.C. To show their kindness.D. To show their respect.4.What would be used if your elders were talking about you according to the

73、 passage?A. Family name.B. Nickname.C. Given name.D. Courtesy name.5.Whats the main idea of the passage?A. The famous poet Li Bai.B. Three parts of ancient names.C. The ancient names and the modern names.D. The development of names. 答案:语篇解读 本文介绍了古代中国人名字的三个部分。子主题为“跨文化沟通与交流，语言与文化”。1.A 细节理解题。根据第二段第一句中“

74、In ancient China, peoples names had three parts”可知，古代中国人的名字有三部分。2.C 词义猜测题。根据第二段的内容结合语文常识可知，李白姓李，名白，字太白。3.D 细节理解题。根据第三段第二句“But in social life, they called each other by their courtesy names to show respect.”可知，互相称呼字是为了表示尊重。4.C 细节理解题。根据第三段最后一句中“if your elders were talking about you, the given name wou

75、ld be used”可知，长辈会叫晚辈的名。5.B 主旨大意题。本文介绍了古代中国人名字的三个部分，包括人们互相称呼的习惯，以及取“字”时的一些原则。Passage 2(2022天津)Tea and coffee are two of the most popular drinks in the world. However, people usually like one more than the other. These drinks also have very different uses.Tea drinking started in China about 5,000 year

76、s ago. Tea is made from leaves. These days, some people drink tea for health, using it to help with stress(压力)or losing weight. However, most people in tea-drinking countries think of tea as more than just a healthy drink. In fact, tea drinking in some countries is apart of the culture. In Turkey(土耳

77、其),tea is always there when people meet. Whether in someones home or a company, tea is always offered as a way of welcoming. In the UK, homes and offices usually have teatime. Tea and other dishes are served at teatime in the afternoon. It is a way of relaxing with friends or co-workers(同事).Coffee c

78、ame much later than tea, just over 1,000 years ago. Coffee is made from beans. Something in the coffee beans makes a person feel active. Most people do not drink coffee to relax. Instead, they drink coffee to get going. Many people drink coffee in the morning to help them wake up. Others will also d

79、rink coffee during short breaks in the afternoon to keep going through the working day. Some people may visit coffee shops just to meet and talk with friends. However, many people in coffee shops drink coffee while working on their computers.Is tea or coffee more common in your country? Between the

80、two, which do you like to drink more?1.Where did tea drinking start?A. In Japan.B. In China.C. In Turkey.D. In the UK.2.We can learn from Paragraph 2 that people in the UK_ .A. drink tea to get fatB. offer tea to say goodbyeC. think of tea as a bad drinkD. have tea to relax themselves3.What is coffe

81、e made from?A. Leaves.B. Sugar.C. Dishes.D. Beans.4.Which of the following is NOT true according to Paragraph 3?A. Coffee came much earlier than tea.B. Many people drink coffee to wake up.C. Many people work on their computers in coffee shops.D. Some people meet and talk with friends in coffee shops

82、.5.What is the best title of the passage?A. The Smells of Tea and CoffeeB. The Prices of Tea and CoffeeC. The Different Cultures of Tea and CoffeeD. The Different Ways of Making Tea and Coffee答案:语篇解读 本文主要介绍了喝茶和喝咖啡的不同文化。子主题为“跨文化沟通与交流，语言与文化”。1.B 细节理解题。根据第二段中“Tea drinking started in China”可知选B.2.D 细节理解

83、题。根据第二段中最后三句可知选D.3.D 细节理解题。根据第三段第二句“Coffee is made from beans.”可知选D.4.A 细节理解题。根据第三段第一句“Coffee came much later than tea, just over 1,000 years ago.”可知A项与事实相反，故A项错误，故选A.5.C 最佳标题题。本文是总分总结构，第一段总写茶和咖啡有不同的用途；第二段和第三段分别介绍茶文化和咖啡文化；最后一段呼应首段。根据文章内容和结构可知选C.Passage 3(2022江西)Indonesians love to celebrate. They be

84、lieve that celebrating and eating together brings good luck. Lets party Indonesia-style.Would you be surprised to find a New Years Day in March? Indonesians on the island of Bali are getting ready to ring in Nyepi, their New Year. It falls in March or April on the night of the new moon and is a symb

85、ol of a fresh start for the people and the island of Bali. On the eve of Nyepi, families and friends get together in the market. They carry a huge monster which is made of wood and other materials around the village three times. After that, people set it on fire, hoping to drive out evil(邪恶的)spirits

86、.After Nyepi, a Turun Tanah ceremony begins in honor of a childs first steps. At the Turun Tanah, parents invite friends and family to a party to introduce the baby. They put different objects such as a bracelet(手镯),pen, mirror or toy computer around their baby. If the baby picks up a pen, he or she

87、 may be a writer. A child who picks up a gold bracelet may be rich.While Turun Tanah celebrates the future of a family, Galungan celebrates its bamboo poles past. Ancestors who have died return home during this ten-day celebration. And living relatives do their best to make them happy. Tall bamboo p

88、oles line the street. People attend the ceremonies and visit their family and village temples. Actors and dancers give performances that tell stories of good fighting against evil.A year of festivals has come to an end. Dont worry: next year, Indonesia will be buzzing(发出嗡嗡声)again with celebrations,

89、so welcome to the party!1.Whats the theme(主题)of the passage?A. Celebrations.B. Feelings.C. Family.D. Health.2.What do people do during Galungan? Check and choose the right answer.Watch performances.Discuss new babies future.Visit their family and village temples.Put the bamboo poles along the street

90、.Carry a huge monster around the village.A.-B.-C.-D.3.Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage?A. The baby who picks up a pen may be a writer.B. Nyepi usually comes after the Turun Tanah in Bali.C. New Years Day in Indonesia begins in February.D. People fire bamboo poles to drive away

91、 the monster.4. Which of the following best shows the structure of the passage?ABCD5. What is the writers purpose according to the passage?A. To welcome us to the festivals.B. To show us how to treat the ancestors.C. To tell us how to hold the party.D. To teach us how to fight against the evil. 答案:语

92、篇解读 本文介绍了印度尼西亚巴厘岛的人们庆祝三个重大节日的方式。子主题为“世界主要国家的文化习俗与文化景观、节假日与庆祝活动”。1.A 主旨大意题。本文主要介绍了印度尼西亚巴厘岛的人们庆祝三个重大节日的方式。所以本文的主题是“庆祝”。2.B 细节理解题。由本文第四段最后三句“Tall bamboo poles line the street. People attend the ceremonies and visit their family and village temples. Actors and dancers give performances.”可知，在“Galungan”期间

93、，人们沿街放竹竿，拜访家人和寺庙，看表演。3.A 细节理解题。由第三段倒数第二句“If the baby picks up a pen, he or she may be a writer.”可知A项正确；由第三段第一句“After Nyepi, a Turn Tanah ceremony begins in honor of a childs first steps.”可知B项错误；由第二段第三句It falls in March or April on the night.”可知C项错误；由第二段最后两句They carry a huge monster.hoping to drive o

94、ut evil spirits.”可知D项错误。4.D 文章结构题。本题要总结文章的段落结构。第一段是总述印尼人对节日庆祝的热爱；第二、三、四段分别叙述了印尼巴厘岛人庆祝 Nyepi, Turun Tanah 以及 Galungan的方式，是并列关系；第五段总结，并告诉大家明年还会这样庆祝。5.A写作目的题。由本文最后一句“Dont worry: next year, Indonesia will be buzzing again with celebrations, sowelcome to the party!”可知，作者的目的是欢迎我们一起过去庆祝节日。Passage 4(2022浙江金

95、华) Have you ever shown your photos on your favorite social media(媒体)?Or have you expressed your feelings and emotions on your online page? If yes, do you know what you have posted on the social medias can cause problems you could not expect? Cathy, who is going to be fifteen, posted online an invita

96、tion to her birthday party with her address in it. And guess what! 500 people came to the party, and some even broke the windows and plants, making a total mess of the house. The girls birthday party turned into a nightmare(噩梦). Many teenagers(青少年)think they know everything about social media, and t

97、hat such a thing could never happen to them. Studies show that each year more than three million young people in the world get into trouble because of their online activities. So do remember these if you really want to share something online.Share with care! Not everyone will like what you write onl

98、ine. Think before you post anything. You never know who sees your texts, pictures or videos. Before clicking“ post”, you should ask yourself,“ How will I fee1 if my family or teachers see this?” and “How might this post be bad for me in five or ten years from now?”Be polite when you write! Imagine s

99、omeone is unfriendly in real life. The same is true of online communication. No one likes it when you “shout” in your messages. If you feel angry or frustrated while youre writing a message, wait a bit. Read it again later and then send it. Protect and respect! Never share your passwords with anyone

100、. Its not wise to post your home or email address online. Dont say bad things about people. If you get messages like that or see them online, talk to your parents or your teachers. Id say none of these things promises 100% online safety, but each will help you to be safer.1.The writer starts to intr

101、oduce the topic by_ .A. telling storiesB. giving examplesC. asking questionsD. sharing experiences2.The party turned into a nightmare because Cathy_.A. made a total mess of the houseB. shared the photos of her house onlineC. invited hundreds of people to her partyD. posted an invitation with her add

102、ress online3.The writer uses the mark“！ in the underlined sentences of Paragraphs 57 to_.A. draw the readers attentionB. give orders that readers should followC. express the strong feelings of worryD. give the decisions that have been made4.What does the writer mean by saying the last sentence?A. Yo

103、u should spend much less time online.B. Its necessary to think before you act online.C. You have to make a promise before you go online.D. If you want to be safer online, do as the writer suggests. Passage 答案:语篇解读 本文介绍了在网络媒体上泄露个人信息或表达情绪情感的一些危害，并针对网络媒体社交给青少年提供了三条建议。子主题为“公共秩序与法律法规，个人信息安全与国家安全”。1.C开篇方式

104、题。根据第一段“Have you ever shown your photos on your favorite social media? Or.”连续三个问句可知，作者在以提问的方式引入话题。2.D 细节理解题。根据第二段“posted online an invitation to her birthday party with her address.”可知，Cathy 把地址发在了网上，以至于生日派对变成了一个噩梦。3.A推理判断题。根据“Share with care!”“Be polite when you write!”和“Protect and respect!”三个小标题可

105、以推断，作者强烈建议我们要注意网络用语，以感叹号引起读者的注意。4.B 句意理解题。文章最后一句话与第四段“So do remember these if you really want to share something online.”呼应，即在网络分享之前，应该三思而行，这些在网络中不能保证百分之百的安全。5(2022四川成都)aTeens help students in remote areasLuo, a Chinese student, only turned 18 in January, but hes already made a big difference to the

106、 lives of many poor young people living in Chinas remote(偏远的) areas. His online English lessons have offered them a chance to know a world they could only imagine before. Many have achieved university dreams.bLuban Lock: magic Chinese puzzle2,000 years ago, a famous Chinese carpenter named Luban cre

107、ated a magic Chinese puzzle called “Luban Lock”, which he used to test how smart his son was. Watch as Rachel learns to make this Chinese puzzle and tries to solve it! Do you want to have a try?cFirst picture of the black holeThe first picture of the huge black hole at the heart of the Milky Way was

108、 shown on Thursday, thanks to the efforts of astronomers(天文学家) from around the world, including 17 from China. Shen Zhiqiang says that the future purpose of the Event Horizon Telescope( EHT) is to get video pictures of the black hole at the center of the Milky Way.dChinas health careChina has made p

109、rogress in public health over the past years. In 1949, average life expectancy(平均寿命)was 35. It reached about 77 in 2019, much higher than the world average of 73. In 1949, there were just 3,670 medical and health organizations in the whole country. The number increased to nearly 1 million at the end

110、 of 2018. Health insurance(保险)has also benefited over 95 percent of the population.1.What did Luo do for the young people in the remote areas?A. He improved their living conditions.B. He gave them online English lessons.C. He helped them choose dream universities.2.What does Rachel want to know?A. H

111、ow Luban Lock works.B. Why Luban created Luban Lock.C. Whether Lubans son was clever.3.Who took the first picture of the black hole?A.A foreign astronomer team.B.A Chinese astronomer team.C. An international astronomer team.4.Why are the numbers given in Passage d?A. To introduce the governments pla

112、ns.B. To show Chinas progress in health care.C. To describe the present situation of Chinas health care.5.Whats the theme of the four passages?A. East meets WestB. For a better future.C. Great Chinese, great China. 答案:语篇解读本文包含四篇小短文，分别介绍了帮助偏远地区青少年的中国学生，体现中国人智慧的鲁班锁，中国团队参与拍摄的第一张银河系中心的黑洞照片以及1949年以来中国医疗的

113、发展成就。子主题为“身份认同与文化自信”。1.B 细节理解题。由a篇中“His online English lessons have offered them.”可知，罗同学给偏远地区的学生提供线上英语课程。2.A 推理判断题。由b篇中“Watch as Rachel learns to make this Chinese puzzle and tries to solve it!可推知，Rachel想要学习制作鲁班锁并解开它，也就是想要了解它的工作原理。3.C 细节理解题。由c篇中“thanks to the efforts of astronomers from around the w

114、orld”可知，第一张黑洞照片是由国际天文学家小组共同努力拍摄的。4.B 推理判断题。d篇中的数据显示，中国人平均寿命大幅度提高，医疗卫生机构数量大幅度增加，医疗保险惠及中国95%以上的人，这些都表明中国在医疗方面的巨大进步。5.C 主旨大意题。本文有四篇小短文，分别介绍了帮助偏远地区青少年的中国学生，体现中国人智慧的鲁班锁，中国团队参与拍摄的第一张银河系中心的黑洞照片以及中国医疗的发展成就。前三篇体现了中国人的伟大，最后一篇体现了中国的伟大。“Great Chinese, great China,”符合文章主题。人与社会文学、艺术与体育Passage 6(2022 安徽)Have you e

115、ver seen lions dancing in the streets? The lions dance to the beat of a drum(鼓).Of course, they are not real lions. They are dancers in lion costumes(服饰). Lion dancing first started in China centuries ago. It is meant to bring good luck in the coming year.Usually, a lion is made up of two dancers. O

116、ne dancer controls the head. The other controls the tail.“I think of it as a sport,” says Anthony Huang, aged 16. He is a member of the New York Chinese Freemasons Athletic Club. Anthony performs(表演)as the lions head. It can weigh 20 pounds. Lion dancing is important to Anthony. “This tradition real

117、ly lifts me up,” he says. In the past, lion dancing was performed mostly by men. But it is different today. LionDanceMe is a lion dancing group in San Francisco, California. There are boys and girls on its team. They dance together.“Anyone can take up lion dancing. You have to believe that you can d

118、o it,” says Ananda Tang- Lee, a 17-year-old girl.Lion dancing will continue to evolve. But a teams sense of community will never change.“We call it a family,” Ananda says. “Its really great, because we always have each others backs.”1.Why do people perform lion dancing?A. To sell lion-dancing costum

119、es.B. To wish for a lucky new year.C. To protect the lions in the wild.D. To show skills of playing the drum.2.Which role does Anthony play in lion dancing?A. The lions head.B. The lions tail.C. The drummer.D. The dresser.3.What does the underlined word “evolve” mean?A.延期B.模仿C.举办D.演变4. What can we i

120、nfer(推断)from Anandas words “We call it a family”?A. They bring happiness to the family.B. They call lion dancing a family game.C. They live together in a big family.D. They support each other like a family.答案:语篇解读本文介绍了舞狮以及舞狮表演的方式和技巧。子主题为“中外音乐、舞蹈等艺术形式中的文化价值”。1.B 细节理解题。根据第一段中“It is meant to bring good

121、 luck in the coming year.”可知，人们表演舞狮盼新年好运。2.A 细节理解题。根据第三段中“Anthony performs as the lions head.”可知，他在舞狮中扮演狮子头。3.D 词义猜测题。根据下文“But a teams sense of community will never change.”中的关键词“But”和“neverchange”可推测，画线的单词“evolve”是“演变”的意思。4.D句意理解题。根据“这真的很棒，因为我们总是互相支持”可推断出，舞狮者像一家人一样互相支持。故选D.此处“have each others backs

122、”相当于“support each other”。Passage 7(2022云南)We know many musical instruments well, such as pianos, violins, drums and so on. What about the erhu? The erhu is a traditional Chinese instrument. It is the most popular of the huqin family, and it has a long history.The modern erhu developed from the xiqin

123、, which was played by many ethnic minorities(少数民族)during the Tang Dynasty. In the Song Dynasty, musicians began to use the erhu to perform different kinds of music, and it became quite a popular instrument. With the rise of some forms of folk art, the art of the erhu developed quickly during the Min

124、g and Qing Dynasties. It became an important accompanying(伴奏)instrument in different kinds of folk music. At present, it is used in both traditional and modern music, such as in pop, rock and jazz. It has even become a solo(独奏) instrument. One of the most famous musical pieces played on the erhu is

125、Erquan Yingyue.As the erhu was mainly played by common people and the playing skills were passed down orally(口头地),there are few written records about the erhu that can be found. To study the history and the development of the erhu, historians(历史学者)usually turn to ancient paintings. The earliest pict

126、ures of this instrument were found in Yulin Caves and Eastern Thousand Buddha Caves in Gansu Province, where five erhu pictures were discovered on murals(壁画).1.When did the erhu become a popular instrument?A. In the Tang Dynasty.B. In the Song Dynasty.C. In the Ming Dynasty.D. In recent years.2.To s

127、tudy the history of the erhu, historians usually_.A. play the most famous erhu piecesB. listen to different kinds of folk musicC. get help from ancient paintingsD. read some books about ethnic minorities3.Which is TRUE according to the passage?A. The huqin belongs to the erhu family.B. Folk art stop

128、s the development of the erhu.C. People can find plenty of written records about the erhu.D. The erhu is used in both traditional and modern music now.4.You may read the passage in the_ section of a newspaper.A. cultureB. businessC. healthD. nature5.The passage mainly talks about_.A. the forms of fo

129、lk musicB. the history of the erhuC. the rise of different dynasties-D. the development of Chinese instruments答案:语篇解读文章介绍了中国传统乐器二胡的发展历史。子主题为“中外影视、戏剧、音乐、舞蹈、绘画、建筑等艺术形式中的文化价值和作品赏析”。1.B 细节理解题。由第二段第二句“In the Song Dynasty.and it became quite a popular instrument.”可知，二胡在宋朝开始变得流行。2.C细节理解题。根据第三段第二句“To study

130、the history and the development of the erhu, historians usuallyturn to ancient paintings.”可知，C选项正确。3.D细节理解题。由第二段中的“At present, it is used in both traditional and modern music”可知，D选项正确。4.A 文章主题题。这篇文章介绍了中国传统乐器二胡的发展，是在介绍中国的传统文化，因此会出现在报纸的文化版块。5.B 主旨大意题。文章主要介绍了中国传统乐器二胡的发展历史。Passage 8(2022浙江湖州)The Beijing

131、 2022 Winter Olympics has already come to an end, and Chinese athletes(运动员) have made great achievements. But how will the stadiums(场馆)be used after the Olympics?The designers have already considered that question in their designs(设计).The plan is to let the stadiums serve common people and increase

132、their interest in winter sports. Just as one of the designers of the Beijing 2022 Winter Olympics said, “The stadiums can not only serve professional athletes in the games, but also serve the public after the games.”For example, the professional ice race lanes(车道)for athletes are 121 meters high and

133、 are not fit for amateurs. So the National Ski and Sleigh Center has kept a special lane for common sport-lovers. The height of the lane is about 40 meters. This can make sure they will stay safe.The National Ski Jumping Center in Zhangjiakou, Hebei Province will continue being open to the public fo

134、r skiing in winter and jogging in summer. In fact, people can make use of the stadiums all year round. On the top of the center, people can walk and enjoy the beautiful scenery. There is also a standard football field that can hold 6,000 people. Even concerts and cultural fairs can be held there as

135、well.Time will tell whether the stadiums can be really made good use of after the Olympic Games. In China,300 million people have already taken part in ice and snow sports because of the Beijing 2022 Winter Olympics. Hopefully, that number will continue to rise with plans like these. After all, snow

136、 and ice sports belong not only to talented professional athletes, but also to everyone interested in them.1.The underlined word “amateurs” in Paragraph 3 probably refers to people who_.A. design the stadiumsB. compete in the OlympicsC. do sports for enjoymentD. work for the Winter Olympics2.It can

137、be learned from the passage that_.A. the special ice race lane is 40 meters lowerB. the stadiums will be used two seasons a yearC .the football field in the center can hold 6,000 peopleD.300 million people watched the Beijing Winter Olympics3.The passage mainly tells_.A. why more Olympic stadiums wi

138、ll be builtB. how the Olympic stadiums will be made full use ofC. what will be done to prepare for the Olympic GamesD. how athletes are encouraged to make greater achievements答案:语篇解读本文介绍了人们如何在冬奥会后充分利用奥运场馆。子主题为“日常体育活动，重大体育赛事，体育精神”。1.C 词义猜测题。根据上文中的“athletes(运动员）”可知，画线词指代运动只为乐趣的人，这些人和运动员比不够专业，只是业余人士。2.

139、C 细节理解题。根据第四段中 There is also a standard football field that can hold 6,000 people.可知C正确。3.B 主旨大意题。根据第一段最后一句“But how will the stadiums be used after the Olympics?”可知全文在介绍如何在北京冬奥会后利用体育场馆。语篇解读本文就如何正确地帮助朋友给出了一些建议。子主题为“良好的人际关系与人际交往”。1.D写作目的题。根据第一段最后一句可知，本文的写作目的是告诉读者如何正确地帮助他人。2.B 词义猜测题。根据本段段意及段末的举例可知，你的朋友

140、表现得和往常不一样，你会发现一些端倪。这些信号显示他们可能不太好。因此“identify that they need help”的意思是“发现他们需要帮助”。3.A 段落大意题。由第三段第一句“The next step toward helping others is to listen.”可知，本段的建议与倾听有关。4.D 推理判断题。根据文章第二段中的“However, sometimes small things can lead to more serious problems that require more help.”可知，当朋友遇到严重问题时，应寻求更多的帮助。D选项中“

141、trusted teachers”指可以信任的老师，符合题意。人与社会社会服务与人际沟通Passage 9(2022 广东广州)When you and your friends turn to each other to talk about problems or troubles, you give each other advice and help. One important thing of our growth is to make decisions to help our friends and learn to support each other. This requi

142、res us to learn what it means to help friends and how to help them in right ways.The first step toward helping others is to identify that they need help. We all know that difficulties are part of our daily lives. However, sometimes small things can lead to more serious problems that require more hel

143、p. Its important to make sure when to help a friend. For example, you may pick up some signs that your friends are not acting like themselves. These signs show they may not be well.The next step toward helping others is to listen. Paying attention to others while listening is very important througho

144、ut our life. When we communicate with others, we need to learn when to speak and when not to. As listeners, we should try to understand what the speakers are feeling or experiencing and try to see things from their perspectives. Listening and paying attention to others when they speak is a sign of r

145、espect and a skill that will lead to deeper and better relationships.1. What is the purpose of the passage?A. To discuss why people help each other.B. To describe the problems of giving help.C. To introduce the advantages of giving help.D. To explain how we can help others properly.2.What does the u

146、nderlined word “identify in paragraph 2 mean?A. Require.B. Discover.C. Suggest.D. Remember.3. What is the main idea of paragraph 3?A. Act as a good listener to your friends.B. Learn how to give advice to your friends.C. Pay attention to your friends unusual acts.D. Build good relationships with your

147、 friends.4.According to the writer, what should you do if your friends dont follow your advice on their serious problems?A. Keep their problems as secrets.B. Let them make their own decisions.C. Find out the causes of their problems.D. Get help from their trusted teachers. 答案:语篇解读本文就如何正确地帮助朋友给出了一些建议

148、。子主题为“良好的人际关系与人际交往”。1.D写作目的题。根据第一段最后一句可知，本文的写作目的是告诉读者如何正确地帮助他人。2.B 词义猜测题。根据本段段意及段末的举例可知，你的朋友表现得和往常不一样，你会发现一些端倪。这些信号显示他们可能不太好。因此“identify that they need help”的意思是“发现他们需要帮助”。3.A 段落大意题。由第三段第一句“The next step toward helping others is to listen.”可知，本段的建议与倾听有关。4.D 推理判断题。根据文章第二段中的“However, sometimes small t

149、hings can lead to more serious problems that require more help.”可知，当朋友遇到严重问题时，应寻求更多的帮助。D选项中“trusted teachers”指可以信任的老师，符合题意。人与社会科学与技术Passage 10(2022浙江绍兴)If you look around the room you are in right now, youll probably notice a number of electronics. But can you imagine if they all had to be joined to

150、gether by wires(电线)?Picture the wire snaking along the floor, for example, from your smartphone to your speaker, or connecting your game controller to the computer screen, meaning you could never sit more than a couple of meters away from it. A world of electronics connected by wires wouldnt just be

151、 untidy, but a possible danger, too. Thats where Bluetooth comes in. Weve all heard of it-but what exactly is it?Bluetooth is a method of short-distance(短距离)wireless communication between electronics that makes use of the power of radio waves. The idea was first thought of by Dr. Jaap Haartsen at Sw

152、edish mobile company Ericsson in 1994. Things really stepped up in September 1998 when the Bluetooth Special Interest Group(SIG) was set up to develop and spread the technology. Bluetooth 1.0 came out in 1999, and a year later it began to be used in mobile phones and desktop computers. Now Bluetooth

153、 has become an increasingly popular way of solving the problem of more and more electronics needing to be connected, without having to connect everything together with wires.But if you look at the remote control(遥控器)you use to choose the program on TV, you might rightly ask yourself why Bluetooth wa

154、s such a big deal. After all, connecting objects with infrared signals(红外信号)which cant be seen had been done before. The problem with remote controls is that they need to keep what is called “line of sight”. If something is standing between the remote control and receiver, it wont work. Because Blue

155、tooth uses radio waves, the things standing in the way are no longer a problem.Since its creation in the late 1990s,the technology has become more and more improved and widely used, with the 4 billionth Bluetooth objects shipped in 2020.1. How does the writer lead in the topic“ Bluetooth” in Paragra

156、ph 1?A. By describing scenes.B. By comparing facts.C. By telling stories.D. By explaining reasons.2.With the setting up of SIG, Bluetooth_.A. started to be used in carsB. made radio waves known to peopleC. improved and spread quicklyD. was able to connect all electronics3. From Paragraph 3,we mainly

157、 get to know the_ of Bluetooth.A. developmentB. popularityC. standardD. advantage4. _ will most probably be interested in this text.A. Phone sellersB. Technology fansC. Newspaper reportersD .History lovers答案:语篇解读文章主要介绍了蓝牙技术的发展历程。子主题为“科学技术改变生活”。1.A 推理判断题。根据第一段中的“If you look around the room you are in

158、 right now, youll probably notice a number of electronics.”可知，第一段描述了一个由电线连接的电子世界，不仅不整洁，而且也很危险，由此引出了本文的话题蓝牙，所以作者通过描述一个场景引出话题。2.C 细节理解题。根据第二段中的“Things really stepped up in September 1998 when the Bluetooth Special Interest Group (SIG) was set up to develop and spread the technology.”可知，蓝牙特别兴趣小组（SIG)完善

159、和传播了该技术。3.D 段落大意题。根据第三段中的“But if you look at the remote control you use to choose the program on TV, you might rightly ask yourself why Bluetooth was such a big deal.”以及本段其他内容可知，本段主要介绍了蓝牙的优势。4.B 推理判断题。本文主要介绍了蓝牙的发展过程，所以科技爱好者会对这篇文章感兴趣。Passage 11(2022四川广元)Can you imagine a cloud floating in the middle

160、of your room? Do you want to know what it feels like to fly like a bird? Here, we have picked out four interesting inventions to share with you.Talking GlovesFour foreign students have created a pair of gloves, and it helps people to communicate with people who have hearing and speaking problems. Th

161、e gloves are equipped with sensors(传感器).They recognize sign language and translate it into text on a smartphone. Then the smartphone changes the text to spoken words. Thus you can understand sign language easily.Google GlassesGoogle Glasses are like a computer built into a pair of glasses. Then the

162、glasses allow you to surf the Internet and make calls without even lifting a finger. The glasses also have a camera and GPS mapping system. Users can take and share photos, check maps and surf the Internet just by looking up, down, left and right.Indoor CloudsThats a real world. An artist, Smilde ma

163、naged to create a small but perfect white cloud in the middle of a room using a fog machine. But it required careful planning-the temperature, humidity(湿度)and lighting all had to be just right. The cloud only lasted for a short while, though.WingsuitsThe suit realizes your dream of flying like a bir

164、d. Well, not exactly flying, but gliding(滑翔) through the air. It increases the surface area of the human body, which makes it easier for people to float in the air. Fliers wearing wingsuits can glide one kilometer in about 30 seconds.1.What do “Talking Gloves” help people to understand?A. Spoken wor

165、ds.B. Sign language.C. Written words.D. The text on the smartphone.2.How can users of “Google Glasses” surf the Internet?A. By speaking to the glasses.B. By tapping the keyboard.C. By lifting a finger.D. By moving the eyeballs.3.How did the artist create a white cloud in the room?A. With a fog machi

166、ne.B. With right temperature.C. With a fog machine and careful planning.D. With a fog machine and right lighting.4.Which of the following can help you fly?A. Talking Gloves.B. Wingsuits.C. Google Glasses.D. Indoor Clouds.5.Whats the best title of the passage?A. Four Interesting InventionsB. Four Fam

167、ous InventionsC. The Advantages of Four InventionsD. Four Dreams of the Future答案:语篇解读 文章主要介绍了四个有趣的发明。子主题为“科学技术与工程，人类发明与创新”。1.B 细节理解题。根据第二段中“Thus you can understand sign language easily,可知，“Talking Gloves”帮助人们去理解手势语。2.D 推理判断题。根据第三段中“Users can.surf the Internet just by looking up, down, left and right

168、.可知，用户只需移动眼球就可以上网。3.C 细节理解题。根据第四段中“An artist, Smilde managed to create a small but perfect white cloud in the middle of a room using a fog machine. But it required careful planning.”可知，艺术家在房间里创造出一朵白云需要一台造雾机和精心的计划。4.B 细节理解题。根据最后一段中“The suit realizes your dream of flying like a bird.”可知，Wingsuits 可以帮助

169、你实现像鸟一样飞翔的梦想。5.A最佳标题题。通读全文可知，本文主要介绍了四个有趣的发明。Passage 12(2022江苏扬州)Researchers at China Aerospace Science and Industry Corp, a state-owned defense contractor, have developed and made the worlds first robot whale shark(鲸鲨).The robotic shark has been on display in an aquarium(水族馆)at Shanghai Haichang Oce

170、an Park since January.A whale shark is a slow-moving carpet shark and the largest known living fish.Designed and built by engineers at the Shenyang-based No. 111 Factory, the underwater robot is 4.7 meters long, weighs 350 kilograms and can move 42 meters a minute.Powered by a lithium battery, it ca

171、n swim, turn, float and dive like a real shark by moving its mechanical fins(鳍).The mouth and gills(鳃)can also open and close like a sharks. The biomimetic shark is made of sensors(传感器),multi-joint fins, batteries, and systems which enable it to avoid whats in the way in all directions.“The robot ca

172、n reach a depth of 10 meters and work for as long as 10 hours,” said Fang Xuelin, a senior researcher in charge of the robot shark program.“The shark can be remotely controlled and can also swim based on preset programs or its own sensors,” he said.“We have built multiple kinds of robot fishes. the

173、robotic whale shark is the largest mechanical fish we have made so far,” Fang added. “Our robots are to serve three purposes-to perform in aquariums for entertainment, spread knowledge about the sea and aquatic(水生的)animals among youngsters, and carry out scientific tasks such as hydrological surveys

174、, underwater photography and environmental inspection.”“The factory now plans to develop more types of aquatic robots, including some extinct mammals(哺乳动物),for display in parks and schools. It will also promote the products to businesses engaged in fields such as underwater salvage and mineral prosp

175、ecting, he said.1.The whale shark on display is_.A. the worlds first robotB. the largest living fishC. a 7.4-meter-long sharkD. a robotic shark2.What does the underlined word “biomimetic in Paragraph 5 mean?A.仿生的B.虚拟的C.杂交的D.变异的3.Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage?A. The shark is

176、 the first mechanical fish made at the factory.B. Powered by a lithium battery, the shark can swim without stopping.C. The factory has built multiple kinds of robot fishes including the shark.D. The factory has developed some extinct mammals for display in parks.4. What does Paragraph 8 mainly talk

177、about?A. The limits of the aquatic robots.B. The purposes of the aquatic robots.C. The progress in making aquatic robots.D. The steps to developing aquatic robots. 答案:语篇解读本文主要介绍了中国航天科工集团的研究人员研发并制造了世界上第一条机器鲸鲨。子主题为“科学技术与工程，人类发明与创新”。1.D 细节理解题。根据第二段中“The robotic shark has been on display.”可知，展出的鲸鲨是机器鲨。2

178、.A 词义猜测题。根据上文“Powered by a lithium battery, it can swim, turn, float and dive like a real shark by moving its mechanical fins.like a sharks.”可知，biomimetic 是“仿生的”的意思。3.C 推理判断题。根据倒数第二段中的“We have built multiple kinds of robot fishes.the robotic whale shark is the largest mechanical fish we have made so

179、 far”可知，工厂制造了包括机器鲨鱼在内的多种机器鱼。4.B 段落大意题。根据第八段中的“Our robots are to serve three purposes”及破折号后的具体说明可知，第八段主要介绍了水中的机器鱼的用途。人与自然灾害防范Passage 1(2022湖南衡阳)A big sandstorm hit northern China several months ago. It covered many cities with thick clouds of yellow dust(尘土).The storm, which came from Mongolia, was t

180、he largest sandstorm in China in the past 10 years. Many flights and classes were canceled because the visibility(能见度)was lower than 500 meters.The storm was the result of warm and dry weather in the area, together with the strong winds from Mongolia.“There has been little rainfall so far this sprin

181、g and the temperature is rising. So now it is a worrying time for sandstorms,” said an expert from Beijing.In recent years, sandstorms havent been as common in northern China as before. The land with desertification(沙漠化)has been falling by 7,585 k per year in China, and the area of sandy land has be

182、en decreasing by 1,284 k a year. This is thanks to Chinas Three-North Shelter Forest Program (TNSFP,三北防护林工程)which started in the 1970s. Millions of trees have been planted in northern China to prevent sandstorms and protect the environment.Besides, China has a color-graded weather warning system(预警系

183、统) for sandstorms, with red meaning the most serious, followed by orange and yellow. Therefore, people would have time to get prepared for the sandstorm.1.What caused the sandstorm from Mongolia?A. Cold and wet weather, together with the strong winds.B. Warm, dry weather and the strong winds.C. Warm

184、, wet weather and the strong winds.2.The underlined word “decreasing” means“_”.A. going upB. putting downC. going down3.When did TNSFP start?A. In the 1970s.B. In the 1980s.C. In the 1960s.4. If the visibilty in your city is 700 meters, what color will the warning be?A. Red.B. Orange.C. Yellow.5.Wha

185、t can we infer(推断)from the passage?A. We have taken some action to prevent sandstorms.B. Sandstorms have never changed.C. The weather is getting worse and worse. 答案:语篇解读 本文介绍了沙尘暴是如何形成的，以及这种不利的天气现象正在得以控制并好转。子主题为“自然灾害与防范措施，人身安全与自我保护”。1.B 细节理解题。根据第三段第一句“The storm was the result of warm and dry weather

186、in the area, together with the strong winds from Mongolia.”可知，选B.2.C 词义猜测题。根据画线词所在句中的关键词 falling 及句意可知，画线词和falling意思相近，意为“下降”。3.A 细节理解题。根据“This is thanks to Chinas Three-North Shelter Forest Program(TNSFP,三北防护林工程）which started in the 1970s.”可知，选A.4.C图文理解题。根据最后一段中“Besides, China has. with red meaning

187、 the most serious, followed by orange and yellow.”可知，红色为最严重，其次为橙色和黄色。题干中700米的能见度属于图中第一行内容，因此是三个等级中最不严重的。5.A 推理判断题。本文主要介绍了沙尘暴这一天气现象，以及我们在预防沙尘暴方面所采取的措施。人与自然环境保护Passage 2(2022海南)Do you ever find yourself standing in front of rubbish bins, not sure whether the piece of waste in your hand is recyclable o

188、r not? To solve this problem, four Hong Kong high school students have invented a smart rubbish bin that uses AI to sort(分类)the waste. The students named the bin Waste Collection Point.Connected to a computer, the bin uses a camera to tell the kind of the waste it receives and sorts it into plastic,

189、 paper, glass, or other kinds. To make sure the bin can sort waste correctly, the team tested every product in the school shop and took at least 500 pictures of each one. “To train the AI, we had to take many photos from different angles(角度),so it has a better rate of accuracy,” said one of the stud

190、ents who built the AI system.The idea of the smart bin was born two years ago, when the students were in Grade Ten. At that time, people from the city crowded into their village because of COVID-19. They left behind a lot of rubbish and caused more pollution.“All the bins were full, and there was ev

191、en rubbish on the mountain,” the students recalled. “Every weekend, we had to join the villagers in picking up the waste.”The students decided to develop a special recycling bin that would encourage people to protect the environment. Although school ended at 2 pm, the team would continue to work on

192、their invention until 6 or 7 pm at school. Even when their school was closed last year, they would still meet and work together online.“Our bin is now in its third generation(代). Before graduation, we hope it can be widely used in the city,” the students said.“Then it will be easier than ever for pe

193、ople to recycle and protect our environment.”1.According to the first paragraph we know the_ of Waste Collection Point.A. priceB. sizeC. use2.The underlined words “rate of accuracy” mean_ ”in Chinese.A.精准度B.参与度C.知名度3. This chart shows why Waste Collection Point was developed. Which is the missing pa

194、rt?A. the hit of COVID-19B. villagers encouragementC. picking up rubbish around4.This passage is mainly about_.A. four young inventorsB. a new inventionC. the rubbish problem5. How is this passage organized(组织)?(P=Paragraph)ABC答案:语篇解读 本文主要介绍了一项新的发明智能垃圾箱。子主题为“环境污染及原因，环保意识和行为”。1.C 细节理解题。根据“a smart rub

195、bish bin that uses AI to sort the waste”可知，它使用人工智能对垃圾进行分类，所以根据第一段我们可以知道它的用途。2.A 词义猜测题。根据“To train the AI, we had to take many photos from different angles”可知，从不同的角度拍摄许多照片，是为了让人工智能的准确度更高。3.C 信息补全题。根据“All the bins were full, and there was even rubbish on the mountain, the students recalled.Every weeke

196、nd, we had to join the villagers in picking up the waste.”可知，所有的垃圾箱都满了，山上甚至也有垃圾。每个周末，他们都要和村民一起捡垃圾，所以此处应该是捡垃圾。4.B 主旨大意题。根据“four Hong Kong high school students have invented a smart rubbish bin that uses AI to sort the waste.”以及文章其他内容可知，本文主要介绍了一项新的发明智能垃圾箱。5.B 文章结构题。第一段是整体介绍智能垃圾箱，点明主题；第二段介绍垃圾箱的使用；第三、四、

197、五段介绍是如何产生智能垃圾箱的想法的，属于并列关系；第六段介绍垃圾箱的升级以及四名高中生的期望。Passage 3(2022重庆B)The Beijing 2022 Winter Olympics was a great success. China has kept the promise to hold a green Olympics. Many green actions made it possible, like providing environmentally friendly smart beds, using new energy(能源)cars, supporting s

198、porting places with 100% clean energy and reusing rain and snow water.Take making ice as an example. China didnt use R507, a common material to make ice, because it isnt friendly enough to the environment. Through 18 months hard work, China independently developed the CO2, direct cooling technology.

199、A net of tubes runs under the ice. High-pressure liquid(液态)CO2goes through them to create heat (热)exchange. The CO2, evaporates(蒸发) under the ice surface. The evaporation takes in heat and turns water on the surface into ice. And the CO2 goes into another circle. This technology helps to make ice be

200、tter and faster. And above all, it is much greener because theres no new CO2, produced. Among all the 15 ice sporting places in the Winter Olympics, 7 used the CO2, direct cooling technology to make ice. As a result, much less pollution was caused.Beijing did so much more to save energy. Beijing bui

201、lt the new sporting places with green materials. As for the old ones, Beijing used new glass walls to take the place of traditional walls to let more natural light in. 70% of the waste heat was also reused to keep warm and dry. And a large number of new energy cars were used at the Beijing 2022 Wint

202、er Olympics.The Beijing 2022 Winter Olympics is the first to truly achieve carbon neutrality(碳中和),and it has set new standards in green technologies. Some newspapers say China has set an example for the world in environmental protection and green development.1.How long did it take China to develop t

203、he CO2, direct cooling technology?A.18 months.B.100 weeks.C.15 days.D.7 years.2. The writer writes Para.3 to show_.A. why the CO2, goes into another circleB. how the new ice-making technology helpedC. how sporting plaices used the new technologyD. why the liquid CO2, runs through the net of tubes3.A

204、ccording to the passage, we can infer(推断)that_.A. all the buildings will be built with glass walls in the near futureB. the CO2, direct cooling technology may be widely used in the worldC. the high-pressure liquid CO2, will totally take the place of R507 soonD. no new standards in green technologies

205、 may be set after the Olympics4.Which of the following can be the best title for the passage?A.A New Green Ice-making TechnologyB. Green Technologies Used in SportsC.A Shared Future of Green DevelopmentD. The Green Beijing Winter Olympics答案:语篇解读 本文主要介绍北京2022年冬奥会实现了绿色奥运的承诺，以及中国自主研发出了二氧化碳直接冷却技术。子主题为“环

206、境污染及原因，环保意识和行为”。1.A 细节理解题。根据第二段中“Through 18 months hard work, China independently developed the CO2 direct cooling technology.”可知，历时18个月，中国自主研发出了二氧化碳直接冷却技术。2.B 段落大意题。分析第三段内容可知，本段主要是介绍二氧化碳直接冷却技术是如何运作来制冰的。3.B 推理判断题。根据第三段最后“As a result, much less pollution was caused,”和最后一段中“Some newspapers say China h

207、as set an example for the world in environmental protection and green development.”可知，造成的污染减少了，且一些报纸称，中国在环境保护和绿色发展方面为世界树立了榜样。由此推知，二氧化碳直接冷却技术在世界范围内具有广泛的应用前景。4.D 最佳标题题。本文主要介绍北京2022年冬奥会实现了绿色奥运的承诺，以及中国自主研发出了二氧化碳直接冷却技术。选项D“绿色北京冬奥会”符合主题。Passage 4(2022广西北部湾经济区)Walk or drive to work? Which way is lower in c

208、arbon(碳)?To be friendly to the environment, you may choose to walk. Have you ever tried to live a low-carbon life through your diet(日常饮食)?A new study from the University of Oxford has looked into the health and environmental influences of 15 foods common in western diets. Among these, plant-based(基于

209、植物的)foods included fruits, vegetables, nuts and potatoes. It also studied animal-based foods, including red meat, chicken, milk products, eggs and fish.According to the studys lead researcher, Michael Clark, “Choosing better and greener diets is one of the main ways people can improve their health a

210、nd protect the environment. That is to say, plant-based diets are much healthier for us and kinder to the environment.To get this result, researchers compared the influence of eating another portion(一份)of each food with the increased risk of a few illnesses. They also find out the environmental harm

211、 for each animal-based food and each plant-based food.By using this method, the study found that red meats were the most unfriendly foods to the environment. Keeping farm animals produces a large number of methane(甲烷)that keeps 30 times more heat than CO2. As well as making the earth warmer, eating

212、too much red meat is known to increase the risk of a few illnesses, such as heart trouble.Plant-based diets can give us the same health benefts in a much greener way. According to the study, without eating or using meat and milk products, global farmland use could be cut down by more than 75% and st

213、ill feed the world.Speaking to The Guardian, Tim Benton of Chatham House said, “If we can give people reasonable official advice of what a healthy and green diet is, the world and its people would be in a much better place.”1.Which one is animal-based food?A. Milk products.B. Fruits.C. Potatoes.D. V

214、egetables.2.Whats the result of this study?A. Many people choose to walk to work.B. Plant-based diets are healthier and greener.C. The more we eat, the better the environment is.D.15 foods common in western diets are not healthy.3. What is the main idea of paragraph ?A. The harm of CO2.B. The risk o

215、f heart trouble.C.A-reason for keeping animals.D. Two disadvantages of red meats.4.What does “benefits” in paragraph mean in Chinese?A.问题B.方式C.益处D.状况5.What will this study probably be used for?A. Teaching farmers to plant vegetables correctly.B. Offering doctors new methods to treat patients.C. Lead

216、ing people to lose weight by doing exercise.D. Giving official advice on health and environment.答案:语篇解读 本文介绍了植物性食物和动物性食物对人体健康和环境的影响。子主题为“环境污染及原因，环保意识和行为”。1.A 细节理解题。根据第二段最后一句可知，奶制品是动物性食物。2.B 细节理解题。根据第三段最后一句可知，植物性食物更健康、更环保。3.D段落大意题。结合第五段第一句和最后一句可知，第五段主要介绍了红肉对环境及人体的危害。4.C 词义猜测题。后文“in a much greener way

217、”表示以更环保的方式，因此 benefits应表达积极的含义。5.D 推理判断题。根据文章最后一段Tim Benton的话可以推断，这项研究可以给出一些关于健康和环境的官方建议。Passage 5(2022安徽)The Search-for-Lost-Birds list has come to public attention recently. It lists ten kinds of birds that have not been seen in the wild for at least fifteen years. The list is calling on people to

218、 search for the rarest(最珍稀的)birds on Earth.There could be several reasons for the long disappearances of the birds on the list. Maybe there have been no studies in areas where they live. Maybe people dont know where or how to find them. Maybe there are changes to their natural homes because of human

219、 activities.This year, four expeditions(考察队)are planning to find eight kinds of birds. If any of these lost birds are found, ways can be found to protect them and help their populations grow. This has happened to birds like the Madagascar pochard. The number of this once-lost kind of bird is now inc

220、reasing.1.How many kinds of birds are on the Search-for-Lost-Birds list?A. Four.B. Eight.C. Ten.D. Fifteen.2. What is Paragraph 2 mainly about?A. Changes of the living areas of the birds.B. Suggestions on how to protect the birds.C. Reasons for the disappearances of the birds.D. Steps of building na

221、tural homes for the birds.3.What can we learn about the Madagascar pochard?A. It has not been found till now.B. It has a larger population than before.C. It needs to live close to humans.D. It provides protection for other birds.4.What is the best title(标题)for the text?A. Ways to Raise Rare BirdsB.

222、Bird-lovers Around the WorldC. Searches for the Lost BirdsD. Stories About Birds in the Wild答案:语篇解读 本文介绍了人们采取措施寻找那些已经消失在人们视野中的鸟类，帮助它们繁衍。子主题为“热爱与敬畏自然，与自然和谐共生”。1.C 细节理解题。根据第一段中“It lists ten kinds of birds that have not been seen in the wild for at least fifteen years.”可知，清单中列了十种鸟。2.C 段落大意题。根据第二段第一句“Th

223、ere could be several reasons for the long disappearances of the birds on the list.”可知，本段主要说明这些鸟消失的原因。3.B 细节理解题。根据文章最后一句“The number of this once-lost kind of bird is now increasing.”可知，这种鸟的数量现在正在增长。4.C 最佳标题题。根据第一段中的“The Search-for-Lost-Birds list has come to public attention recently.”及“The list is c

224、alling on people to search for the rarest birds on Earth.”并结合下文内容可知，本文围绕寻找那些已经消失在人类视野中的鸟类展开，故标题应是“寻找消失的鸟”。人与自然自然生态Passage 6(2022湖南长沙)Otters(水獭)are cute water animals. These days, keeping otters as pets is getting popular. In Japan, some “otter cafs(咖啡馆)”are open for business. People can pay to play

225、with the otters there and to take photos with them. In Indonesia, people go swimming with their pet otters and take funny videos. These photos and videos posted online have interested more people to buy otters as pets.However, these enjoyable photos and videos hide the damage(损害)that the online trad

226、e is doing to otters. In fact, wild otters are facing many threats-they have long been hunted(猎杀)for their coats; in some places, fishermen have been killing otters in order to stop them from eating fish; and now, the online pet trade has become another big problem for otters.In the wild, baby otter

227、s usually stay with their mothers during their first year of life. According to a report, 70% of the otters sold online are under one year old. These baby otters have been stolen from their mothers. When they are kept as pets by humans, they do not live full and natural lives.Otters are very social.

228、 They live in family groups of up to 15 in the wild. Keeping an otter as a pet can make it very sad and lonely. These animals also need enough space to swim. Their owners bathtubs(浴缸)or pools are nowhere near as large as the bodies of water in the wild.On the other hand, otters simply dont make good

229、 pets. They have a very special fishy smell. Ifthey are kept indoors, they will leave a lot of waste around the house. This would make the smell evenmore unpleasant. Besides, when otters are unhappy, they will make loud noises and even attack(攻击)people. If a person is hurt by an otter, he or she nee

230、ds to go to hospital at once.So, we should stop the otter pet trade and never share photos and videos about them online.1. What does Paragraph 1 mainly talk about?A. The ways of buying otters online.B. The advantages of playing with otters.C. The popularity of keeping otters as pets.2.What does the

231、underlined word “threats mean in Paragraph 2?A.机遇B.威胁C.选择3.What do we know about otters in the wild?A. They live in family groups of up to 15.B. They dont need enough space to swim.C. Baby otters never stay with their mothers.4.Why dont otters make good pets?a. They may attack people.b. They may mak

232、e loud noises.c. They have a special fishy smell.d. They need to go to hospital often.A.a,b,cB.a,b,dC.b,c,d5. What is the writers main purpose of writing the text?A. To tell people the otters living habits.B. To teach people how to keep a pet otter.C. To call on people to stop the otter pet trade.答案

233、:语篇解读 本文通过事实告诉大家，水獭不适合养在家里做宠物。子主题为“热爱与敬畏自然，与自然和谐共生”。1.C 段落大意题。第一段主要介绍了如今饲养水獭当宠物很流行。2.B 词义猜测题。破折号后的内容是对“threats”的具体说明，都是水獭面临的威胁。3.A 细节理解题。由第四段第二句“They live in family groups of up to 15 in the wild.”可知，A项正确。4.A 细节理解题。由第五段倒数第二句“Besides, when otters are unhappy, they will make loud noises and even attac

234、k people,”可知a,b正确。由第五段第二句“They have a very special fishy smell.”可知c正确。d文中没有提到。5.C 写作目的题。本文主要介绍了水獭所面临的人类的威胁以及水獭不适合当宠物的原因。由此可知，作者写这篇文章的目的是号召人们停止水獭宠物贸易。Passage 7(2022 河南)Theres nothing quite like falling sound asleep after a full day of work. Like people, animals need to rest after working hard. Some a

235、nimals sleep in water. Others dig holes under the ground. Some even sleep high in trees or under leaves. But they all find a way to rest.Some animals in the sea sleep in strange ways. Fish sleep with their eyes open. They seem to look ahead far into the sea while they rest. Sea otters sometimes slee

236、p in beds of the plants that grow in the sea. This keeps them from moving away. Parrotfish blow something from their mouths when they are ready to sleep. Then a bubble(气泡)will be formed around them. The bubble protects them from harm while they sleep.Some animals sleep under the ground. Chipmunks(花栗

237、鼠)sleep curled up(蜷缩)in a ball. Their beds are made of leaves and grass. In winter, they sleep for two weeks and wake up to eat the stored food. Then they go back to sleep for another two weeks before waking up again. Some desert frogs dig underground holes during the hot, dry season. A frog may sta

238、y in its hole for months.High above the ground, monkeys find leafy places in trees each evening before they sleep. The tall trees help to keep monkeys safe during the night. Some insects even sleep under the leaf that will be their next meal. A bee may climb down into a flower to rest. When it climb

239、s out the next morning, it is rested and ready for work. 1.What animals blow bubbles when they sleep?A. Sea otters.B. Monkeys.C. Desert frogs.D. Parrotfish.2.What do we know about chipmunks according to the text?A. They rest with their eyes open.B. They never sleep curled up in a ball.C. They wake u

240、p now and then in winter.D. They dont eat any food during the winter.3. What does the last paragraph mainly talk about?A. The forest where monkeys sleep safely.B. The animals that sleep above the ground.C. The reason why bees climb down into flowers.D. The ways that keep animals away from danger.4.

241、What is the structure of the passage?(P=Paragraph)ABCD5.Whats the best title for the text?A. Where animals live?B. Why animals move?C. How animals sleep?D. What animals feed on?答案:语篇解读 本文介绍了一些动物的睡眠方式。子主题为“常见的动物，动物的特征与生活环境。1.D 细节理解题。根据第二段最后三句话可知选D. 2.C 细节理解题。根据第三段中“In winter, they sleep for two weeks

242、 and wake up to eat the stored food. Then they go back to sleep for another two weeks before waking up again.”可知，花栗鼠在冬眠时常醒来。3.B 段落大意题。最后一段主要介绍了在地面上方睡眠的动物。4.A 文章结构题。本文结构清晰，第一段引出话题，总领全文，第二段、第三段、第四段分别介绍了动物的不同睡眠方式。5.C 最佳标题题。本文主要介绍了动物的不同睡眠方式。Passage 8(2022四川成都)Most people agree that honesty is a good thi

243、ng. But does Mother Nature agree? Animals cant talk, but can they lie with their bodies and behavior? Animal experts may not call it lying, but they do agree that many animals behave dishonestly to fool other animals. Dishonesty often helps them survive(生存).Many kinds of birds are very successful at

244、 fooling other animals. A bird called the plover sometimes pretends(假装)to be hurt in order to protect its young. When an enemy gets close to its nest, the plover pretends to have a broken wing. The enemy follows the “hurt adult, leaving the baby birds safe.Another kind of bird, the scrub jay, buries

245、(埋) its food so it always has something to eat. Scrub jays also steal food. They watch where others bury their food and steal it. But clever scrub jays seem to know when others are watching them. So they get back later, unbury the food, and bury it again somewhere else.Chimpanzees can also be sneaky

246、. After a fight, the losing chimpanzee will give its hand to the other. When the winning chimpanzee puts out its hand, too, the chimpanzees are friendly again. But an animal expert once saw a losing chimpanzee take the winners hand and start fighting again. When chimpanzees find food, its natural fo

247、r them to cry out. Then other chimpanzees come running. But some clever chimpanzees learn to cry very softly when they find food. That way, other chimpanzees dont hear them, and they dont need to share the food. 1.Why does the plover pretend to be hurt?A. To show its friendliness.B. To save its youn

248、g.C. To catch the enemy.2.What do clever scrub jays do with their food?A. They bury the food deep.B. They watch the food.C. They bury the food twice.3. What will the chimpanzee probably do after crying softly?A. It will eat all the food it finds.B. It will share the food with others.C. It will fight

249、 again with the winner.4. According to Paragraph 4,in which picture can we find a sneaky animal?ABC5.What is the best title of the passage?A. Do animals lie?B. Honesty or dishonesty?C. How do animals protect lives?答案:语篇解读 文章介绍了一些动物为了生存而做出的“不诚实”的行为。子主题为“常见的动物，动物的特征与生活环境”。1.B 细节理解题。由第二段第二句“A bird call

250、ed the plover sometimes pretends to be hurt in order to protect its young.”可知，鸻假装受伤是为了保护雏鸟。2.C 细节理解题。由第三段最后两句“But clever scrub jays seem to know when others are watching them. So they get back later, unbury the food, and bury it again somewhere else.”可知，聪明的灌丛鸦埋好食物后会回来把食物挖出来，再埋到别的地方。3.A 文章后续推断题。由文章最后

251、两句“But some clever chimpanzees learn to cry very softly when they find food. That way, other chimpanzes dont hear them ,and they dont need to share the food.”可知，一些聪明的黑猩猩在找到食物的时候会轻轻地叫，这样其他黑猩猩就听不到它们的叫声，它们也就不需要分享食物而是可以独自享用。4.C 图文理解题。上文讲到两种会“欺骗”其他动物的鸟。黑猩猩是文中提到的第三种动物。由文中画线词前的副词“also”和下文中对黑猩猩行为的描述可知，黑猩猩也会

252、“欺骗”其他动物。故可知画线词表示“会骗人的；狡猾的”。选项C的图画内容为大家熟知的狐狸和乌鸦的故事，狐狸的狡猾符合sneaky的含义。5.A 最佳标题题。文中介绍了一些动物为了生存而做出的“不诚实”的行为。Do animals lie?”符合文章大意。Passage 9(2022 山东泰安)We all know the sun is important. It makes life on our planet possible. But how does the sun do that? Its the suns energy.Energy from the sun is called s

253、olar energy(太阳能).It comes in the form of light or heat. People have used solar energy for thousands of years. The suns energy can be used to heat water and even food. If you own a magnifying glass, your parents have probably warned you not to leave it in the sun. Solar energy can actually make the m

254、agnifying glass burn objects underneath it, causing a fire. This type of energy from the sun is called solar thermal(热的)energy.We can also turn the suns light into electricity. This is done with solar panels(板). Solar panels are made up of a material called silicon(硅).The silicon is heated and forme

255、d into very thin wafers (晶片).When the sunlight hits the solar panel, the electrons in the silicon move and flow through wires(电线).Using this technology, we can run a calculator and even power cars.But what happens on cloudy days? The electrons in the silicon will stop moving, which means the electri

256、city cant flow. But this doesnt mean that solar energy can only be used on sunny days. People can use the batteries(电池)which are attached to(附着于)solar panels to store the electricity. So the stored electricity can be used to power cars at night or on cloudy days. Did you know that solar energy is no

257、t as expensive as it used to be? In fact, in the last few years, solar panels have become much more affordable for people to use. Since the sun gives off more energy in one second than people have used, imagine what we could do if we used the suns energy to power our planet. 1. A magnifying glass ca

258、n make objects look_ .A. smallerB. biggerC. more beautifulD. further2. What does the third paragraph mainly tell us?A. How to use solar thermal energy.B. How to power our planet.C. How to store electricity with batteries.D. How to turn sunlight into electricity with solar panels.3.We can use_ to pow

259、er cars at night according to the fourth paragraph.A. thin wafersB. the moonlightC. solar thermal energyD. the stored electricity4.Which of the following statements is NOT true?A. Solar panels are made up of silicon.B. Solar energy can be used for heating food.C. It costs more to use solar energy th

260、an before.D. People have used solar energy for thousands of years.答案:语篇解读 太阳对地球上的生命很重要，本文介绍了太阳能被人类利用的过程。子主题为“人与自然相互依存，绿色生活的理念和行为”。1.B 词义理解题。根据题目中的“magnifying glass”定位到第二段Solar energy can actually make the magnifying glass burn objects underneath it, causing a fire.”可以推断“magnifying glass表示“放大镜”，放大镜能使

261、物体看起来更大。2.D 段落大意题。第三段介绍的是利用太阳能板将阳光转化成电的过程。3.D 细节理解题。根据第四段最后一句可知，储存的电可以在夜间为汽车提供动力。4.C 推理判断题。根据最后一段第一句可知，太阳能不像以前那么贵了，所以C项的说法是错误的。人与自然宇宙探索人与自然宇宙探索Passage 10(2022云南)Wukong, Tiangong, Tianwen.Do you know where the names of Chinese space programs come from?Wukong, the Dark Matter Particle Explorer satelli

262、te(暗物质粒子探测卫星),is named after Chinese superhero Monkey King. According to Journey to the West, Monkey King has a pair of sharp eyes which can tell the difference between good and evil. The Wukong satellite is just as sharp-eyed as Monkey King to help scientists search for dark matter in space.The nam

263、e of the space station, Tiangong, means “Heavenly Palace”. In Chinese myths, this is the home of Tian Di. Now Tiangong Space Station is a home for Chinese astronauts in space. And Chinawelcomes foreign astronauts to Tiangong so that they can work together.Tianwen, Chinas Mars missions(任务),gets its n

264、ame from the poem Tianwen by Qu Yuan. Qu Yuan is a well-known poet from ancient China. In Tianwen, he had the questions about the sky, stars, nature, myths and the real world, showing his hunger for truth. Perhaps the Tianwen missions will end up answering some of Qu Yuans questions.If you look into

265、 more names of Chinese space programs, you will find that they all have beautiful meanings. We, the Chinese people, have a long-cherished(珍藏已久的)space dream. So the naming of Chinese space programs is taken very seriously.1.What is the Wukong satellite used for?A. Answering some of Qu Yuans questions

266、.B. Finding the difference between good and evil.C. Helping scientists search for dark matter in space.D. Welcoming foreign astronauts to the space station.2.The underlined word “myths” in Paragraph 3 means“_” in Chinese.A.诗歌B.神话C.谚语D.传记3.The name of Chinas Mars missions is from_.A. Qu Yuans poem Ti

267、anwenB. an ancient novelC. ancient Chinese mythsD. Journey to the West4.Why do we take the naming of Chinese space programs seriously?A. We want to land on Mars.B. We want to protect the Earth.C. We have the hunger for truth.D. We have a dream for space.5.Which can be the best title for the passage?

268、A. What Beautiful NamesB. What a Cherished StarC. What Excellent PoemsD. What a Long Journey答案:语篇解读 文章介绍了中国航天项目中那些美丽的名字的由来。子主题为“地球与宇宙探秘，航天事业发展”。1.C 细节理解题。根据第二段中的“The Wukong satellite is just as sharp-eyed as Monkey King to help scientists search for dark matter in space.”可知，卫星“悟空”是用来帮助科学家寻找宇宙暗物质的。2.

269、B 词义猜测题。根据第三段中的“Tiangong, means“Heavenly Palace”及“this is the home of Tian Di”可知，天宫指的是天帝所居住的天上的宫殿。根据常识可知，天宫和天帝源于中国神话故事。3.A 细节理解题。由第四段第一句“Tianwen, Chinas Mars missions, gets its name from the poem Tianwen by QuYuan.”可知，答案为A.4.D 细节理解题。由第五段最后两句可知，我们中国人有着一个珍藏已久的太空梦，所以我们对中国太空项目的取名非常认真。5.A 最佳标题题。文章主要讲述了中国三个太空项目的名字的由来，并解释了为什么会为太空项目取这些名字。由此可知，文章的最佳标题是A选项（多么美丽的名字）。