专题29 8BU5-2023年牛津译林版初中英语单元知识点一遍过（江苏专用）.docx

1、 8BU5-2023年牛津译林版初中英语单元知识点一遍过（江苏专用）过单词短语1：Second, dont cut in on others. (P64)第二，不要打断其他人。cut in (on sb./sth.) 打断（谈话），插嘴。如：She always cuts in when other people are talking.【知识拓展】cut down砍倒；减少, 削减cut off切断，割断，剪断cut out切去,切除；剪下例如：If you cut down all the trees you will ruin the land.She cut off a small p

2、iece of bread and gave it to me.2：Always wait politely. (P64)总是礼貌地等候。polite adj. 有礼貌的 impolite adj. 没有礼貌的 politely adv. 没有礼貌地be polite to sb. 对有礼貌 be rude to sb. 对粗鲁如：We should be polite to old people.3：leave the tap running (P65)水龙头一直在流leave vt.(1)使处于某种状态，“leave sth. +宾语补足语”结构中，可用形容词、副词、现在分词或过去分词等作

3、宾语补足语。现在分词作宾语补足语，如：What he said left me thinking deeply. 形容词作宾语补足语，如：His illness left him weak. (2)离开; 脱离 leavefor离开前往 如：Ill leave Nanjing for Beijing tomorrow.(3)遗忘; 丢下 leave sth.+地点 如：I left the book at home.注意：forget sth. 表示忘记某物，不强调地点，如：Sorry, I forgot my English book. I left it at home.4：queue f

4、or your turn(P65)排队等待 queue v. 意为“排队等候”如：We should queue up at the ticket office.jump the queue意为“插队”。如：Why did you jump the queue just now?(2 )turnn.顺序,轮流 Itsonesturntodosth.轮到某人做某事, 如：Itsyourturntomakeadecision. takeonesturntodosth.轮流做某事如：Thenursestookturnstoattendthepatient.5：Im afraid not.(P65)我

5、恐怕不是。Im afraid意为“恐怕”，主要用于礼貌地说出令人不快、失望或感到遗憾的事。如：Im afraid I cant stay. Im afraid 之后可接 so 或 not，表示前面所提到的情况：表肯定时用 so；表否定时用 not。如：-Will he come today? -Im afraid so (not).此用法还有I think so./ I dont think so. I hope so./I hope not.8：Whats the proper way to greet people there, Jenny? (P66)简妮，问候那里的人合适的方法是什么？

6、(1)动词不定式to greet people there 作后置定语，修饰the proper way。如：I have a lot of homework to do.(2)the way to do sth. /of doing sth.做某事的方式或方法，如：【拓展】on the way在路上 by the way顺便说，顺便问 in the way= in sbs way挡路，碍事(3)greet sb欢迎某人greet sb. with sth.用问候某人 greetings名词，问候（4）improper 不恰当的 properly 恰当地 improperly 不恰当地9：Br

7、itish people say “hello” or “nice to meet you” and shake your hand when they meet you for the first time.(P66)英国人在他们第一次遇见你时说“你好”或“很高兴认识你”并和你握手。(1)shake 过去式shook；过去分词shaken；现在分词shaking常用短语：shake ones hands握某人的手；shake hands with sb.与某人握手wave ones hands挥某人的手；wave to sb.向某人挥手(2) hand vt.常用短语：hand in 上交，

8、交上去(给老师或上级) hand out 散发，分发10：British people only greet relatives or close friends with a kiss.(P66) 英国人只用亲吻来问候亲戚或亲密的朋友。closevt/vi.关闭;盖上;合上，反义词为open。如：She closed the door softly. adj.近的,接近的(+to) 。 如：His house is close to the factory. (关系)密切的,亲密的。如：She is a close friend of theirs. adv. 接近,靠近地(+to)。如：T

9、hey live close to the museum. 紧密地,紧紧地。 如：Anna followed close behind. closely adv. 密切地（抽象概念） work closely 【拓展】closed adj. 关闭的，反义词为open。如：He likes sleeping with the window closed.11：But please avoid subjects like age, weight, music, books or something else. (P66) 但是请避免像年龄、体重、音乐、书籍或是其他的话题。avoid vt.后接名词

10、或动名词做宾语，意为避免做某事。如：We should do everything carefully to avoid making mistakes.12：Do people there behave politely in public?(P66)那里的人会在公共场合举止文明吗？(1)behave vt/vi.表现 名词形式 behavior 表现；行为，举止(2)public n.民众，群体； adj.公共的，公开的。如：The public like watching films like this.Please pay more attention to the public si

11、gns when walking in the street.in public公开地，在别人面前。如：Dont speak loudly in public.13：They think its rude to push in before others.(P66)他们认为在其他人面前插话是很粗鲁的。(1)rude adj.粗鲁的；名词rudeness; 反义词polite 常用短语：be rude to 对粗鲁，如：We shouldnt be rude to anyone.(2)push v.推，反义词为pull，v.拉常用短语：push in插队，加塞；插嘴 14：Also, if th

12、ey bump into someone in the street, theyll say “sorry”.(P67)同样，如果他们在街上装上某人，他们会说“对不起”。bump into 撞上，碰上【拓展】run into撞上，碰上 break into破门而入，非法进入 turninto把变成15：Theyll say “excuse me” and be polite enough to wait till you move. (P67)他们将会说“打扰”并很礼貌地等你直到你移动为止。在肯定句中，till一般可以与until互换，但在否定句中一般用until，构成notuntil的结构，

13、意为“直到才”如：She will wait here till/until 10.Tom didnt go to bed until his mother came back.注意：主句为一般将来时，till/until引导的从句用一般现在时代替将来时。如：The bus will not go till/until all the people get on it.16：British people are very polite at home as well, arent they?(P67)英国人在家也很礼貌，不是吗?放句中用as well as，放句末用as well；as wel

14、l as用在主语后，要用就远原则，如：He as well as his parents is going to the market. 主语看作三单17：She did not join the discussion.(P71)她没有加入讨论。discussion n.讨论 动词形式 discuss 常用短语：under discussion18. do sth. by accident 偶然，碰巧19. express oneself clearly20.举行一个关于的演讲 hold a talk on .注意：介词on21.它将会在星期天下午两点钟举行。It will take plac

15、e at 2 on Sunday afternoon.我们将举行一个关于好的餐桌礼仪的演讲。We are going to hold a talk on good table manners.注意：hold和take place的区别hold是举办人做主语，宾语是举办的活动比赛等；take place是活动比赛做主语，后面没有宾语。1：Help explain things and give us useful information. (P72)帮助解释事情并给我们有用的信息。explain vt./vi. 及物动词的用法为 explain to sb. sth. 或 explain sth

16、. to sb. 即不能直接跟双宾语，在表人的间接宾语前，后需加介词 to。如：He explained to me the difficult maths problem.= He explained the difficult maths problem to me.2：keep us from danger (P72)使我们远离危险keep sb./sth away from sth.阻止某人/某物前去或接近keep/stop/prevent sb from doing sth阻止某人做某事如：He keeps his dog away from his bedroom.Tom kept

17、 his little brother from bothering him .3：warn us against something (P72)提醒我们地方某些可能发生的事情warn vt. 警告，提醒用法如下：warn sb. (not) to do sth.警告某人（不要）干某事。如：He warned us not to stay up late.warn sb. of/about sth.提醒、警告某人注意某事。如：He warned the danger of the car accident.warning n.警告，提醒。如：To give a warning, he wave

18、d his hands quickly.4：Sorry, I didnt notice that sign just now. (P73)对不起，我刚刚没有注意到那个标志。notice 常用于notice sb. do sth.; notice sb. doing sth.结构中。如：Did you notice Jack come in? Did you notice his hand shaking? notice n. 意为布告,公告,启事,是可数名词。如：There is a notice on the office gate saying No Parking. 作名词常用的词组有：

19、take notice of sb./sth.意为注意某人/某物。如: Take notice of what they say.take no notice of sb./sth.意为不理会某人/某物。如: Take no notice of his angry words-he is not well. 5：Everybody will be lucky or successful sometime in their life. (P74)每个人都将会在他们的一生中走运或是成功。successful adj. 成功的 successfully adv. 成功地 success n. 成功。

20、succeed vi.成功；如：His success makes me want to be successful in the near future.常用短语：do sth. successfully= succeed in sth./ doing sth. 6：Risk losing everything all at one time.(P74)曾经冒险做失去一切的风险。risk vt.冒的危险;使冒风险（或面临危险）常用短语：risk sth /doing sth 冒什么危险/冒险做某事如：He risked walking alone in the dark.risk n.危险，

21、冒险常用短语：at risk 在危险中 run/take the risk of doing sth. 冒险做某事如：Wed better not run the risk of catching a cold by walking without an umbrella in the rain. 7：Just as the saying goes. (P75)正如谚语所说。(1) as用法小结 1）作连词，引导方式状语从句，意为“像；按照”。如： YoumustdoeverythingasIaskedyouto.2）作介词，表示“作为；当作”。如： Asapartymember,Imustb

22、estrictwithmyself 3）作连词，引导时间状语从句。意为“当的时候”。如： Shesingsasshewalks 4）用于一些固定搭配。如： aswellas同（一样也）；和；还OnSunday, hislandladyprovideddinneraswellasbreakfast （2）saying谚语常见的谚语有：Do as Romans do in Rome. 入乡随俗。A friend in need is a friend indeed. 患难见真情。No pains, no gains.不劳无获。Burn the candles at both ends.操劳过度。T

23、he early bird catches the worm. 早起的鸟儿有虫吃。It never rains but it pours. 不雨则已，一雨倾盆。It rains cats and dogs. 大雨磅礴。Many hands make light work.众人拾柴火焰高。Every dog has its day.人人都有得意日。Put all your eggs in one basket.孤注一掷。The grass is always greener than the other side.这山看着那山高。Seeing is believing.眼见为实。Action s

24、peaks louder than words. 行动胜过语言。East or west, home is the best. 金窝银窝不如自家草窝。Like and like make good friends. 趣味相投。Its never too old to learn. 活到老，学到老。Practice makes perfect. 熟能生巧。Easier said than done. 说起来容易做起来难。Where there is a will, there is a way. 有志者事竟成。8：Otherwise, you will become tired out. (P7

25、5)否则，你将会筋疲力尽。tired adj. 累的，疲倦的（指人）；tiring adj. 令人累的，令人疲倦的（指物）。常用短语：be tired of 对.感到厌倦; be tired with 因.而疲劳。如：I am tired of living aboard.I am tired with climbing that steep hill.9：conclusion (P76)结论conclusion n.结论;结局;断定，决定;推论;复数：conclusionsconclude v.下结论。如：10：The purpose of the talk is to teach stud

26、ents rules for eating.(P77) 讲座的目的是教学生吃饭的规矩。此处的to teach放在is的后面，做表语。动词不定式还可以放在名词的后面做后置定语。如：I have a lot of homework to do.11：Above all, when you are sitting at the table, you should not start eating until everyone is ready. (P77)最重要的是，当你做在饭桌旁，你不应该开饭直到每个人都准备好。above all最重要的是，如：Above all, it needs a wise

27、 decision. 一般放在句首，后面加逗号“，”其他all短语：in all 总计 after all 毕竟 first of all 首先at the table 在桌子旁有些名词前用冠词或不用冠词，其意义有所不同。如：at table在吃饭； at the table在桌子旁in class在上课； in the class在班级中go to school去上学; go to the school到那所学校去go to bed上床睡觉; go to the bed到床那边去in front of在的前面; in the front of在的前部12：These rules are im

28、portant because we should make sure that both guests and hosts are comfortable at the table. (P77) 这些规矩很重要，因为我们应该确保客人和主人在桌子旁都很舒服。makesure用法Makesureofhiscomingbeforeyousetoff.Imakesure(that)hewouldcome.过语法enough to的用法“be+adj./adv.+enough to do sth.”结构常用来描述一个人的个性、品格和能力。该结构可以用so. that句型进行替换。如: He is st

29、rong enough to carry the heavy stone.=He is so strong that he can carry the heavy stone. 他够强壮能搬起这块很重的石头。 enough在句中可以作状语、定语和表语。如: The house is not big enough for us.这房子对我们来说不够大。(作状语) Have you got enough money?你的钱够吗?(作定语) Six bottles should be enough.六瓶应该够了。(作表语)too. to的用法 英语中too. to结构的基本形式是“be too+ad

30、j./adv.(for sb.)+to do sth.”，意为“(对某人来说)太而不能”，它在形式上是肯定的，但在意义上是否定的。使用该结构时，应注意以下几点：1. 当主语本身是动词不定式的逻辑宾语时，不定式后不接宾语。此时的不定式如果是不及物动词，动词之后应加上适当的介词，这时的主语就变成了介词的宾语。如: The water in the glass is too hot to drink. 杯子内的水太热了不能喝。( drink是及物动词，the water是drink的逻辑宾语) The house is too old to live in. 这房子太旧了不能住( live是不及物动

31、词，其后须接介词，the house是in的逻辑宾语)2.当主语不是不定式的逻辑宾语，而不定式是及物动词时，动词之后要接宾语。如: The hall is too small to hold so many students. 会堂太小了不能容纳这么多学生。3. 动词不定式之前可以带逻辑主语，表示不定式动作的执行者，常用for sb.。如: The house is too expensive for him to buy. 对他来说这房子太贵了，买不起。4. 如果在too之前加上not或never，该结构就不再有否定的意义，意为“永/绝不做某事”。如: Chinese is not too

32、difficult to learn.汉语绝不难学。 One is never too old to learn.活到老，学到老。单项选择( ) 1.Do you want to keep goldfish? No, it is_ difficult_ take care of them. A. so; that B. not; enough to C. too; to D. such; that( ) 2. He ran and ran, but he couldnt run_ to catch the bus. A. so fast B. enough fast C. too fast D

33、. fast enough( ) 3. He is_ apples with us. A. old enough picking B. enough old to pick C. old enough to pick D. enough old picking( ) 4. The Chinese girl Han Meimei can speak good English_. Her English is _ that of Lucy. A. as well; as well B. as well; as good as C. too; as good D. as well as; as we

34、ll as( ) 5. I find it_ to work out this problem. You neednt go to the teacher. A. enough easy B. easily enough C. easy enough D. very easily( ) 6. The stone is _ heavy for me to carry. A. too B. very C. so D. enough( ) 7. The room is_ three desks. A. very big to hold B. big enough to hold C. enough

35、big to hold D. too big to hold( ) 8.Mum, can I ride your new motorbike to visit my friends? Sorry, baby. I think you are_ young_ ride it. A. so; that B. too; to C. enough; to D. too; that( ) 9. The workers are too busy_, They have to keep working till they finish it. A. having a rest B. not to have

36、a rest C. to have a rest D. that they have a rest( ) 10. The old man was_ angry_ a word. He just stood there, looking at his son.A. enough; to say B. so; saying C. very; to say D. too; to say【答案】CDCBC ABBCD翻译句子1. 我太兴奋了，都没法清楚地表达自己。_2. Peter太慢了，没能写下所有的重点。_3. Kitty忙于和他人交谈没有听以致于收音机。_4. 英国人太有礼貌了，不会在公共场合大

37、声笑。_5. Sandy够细心能注意到她身边的小变化。_6. Suzy太害羞了，没能加入讨论。_【答案】1. I am too excited to express himself clearly.2. Peter was too slow to write down all the main points.3. Kitty was too busy talking with others to listen to the radio.4. British people are too polite to laugh loudly in public.5. Sandy is careful e

38、nough to notice small changes around her.6. Suzy was too shy to join (in) the discussion. 重难点训练一、单词拼写1. My father told me not to_（碰）the vase in his study. He said it was made in Qing Dynasty.2. A _（谚语）is a sentence that people often say and give advice or information about human life and experience.

39、 3. Keep working _（直到）you all can work this problem out.4._（正如）you can see, we are in need of food and drink now.5. These pages arent in their_（适当的）order.6. We_（推）the piano, but it didnt move.7. The lady shouted as_（大声地）as she could.8. - _ me, could you tell me the way to the library? -Sorry, Im new

40、 here. You may ask the old man sitting there.9. -Whats wrong with your leg? -Oh, I hit a rock by _. It really hurt me a lot.10. -I heard people in England drive on the left. Should I do as they do? -Of course. Remember that When in Rome, do as the _ do.【答案】1. touch 2. saying 3. till/until 4. As 5. p

41、roper 6. pushed 7. loudly 8. Excuse 9. accident 10. Romans二、单项选择( ) l. I couldnt walk very fast because a lot of people were _. A. in my way B. in this way C. in some way D. on my way( ) 2. Do they greet each other _ a kiss? A. by B. at C. with D. use( ) 3. -Mums birthday is coming. What would you b

42、uy for her? -Im not sure. Anyway, I will find _. A. enough good something B something good enough C. something enough good D. good something enough( ) 4. I like maths and she likes math _. A. either B. as well as C. as well D. so well( ) 5. -You are new here, _? -Yes, Im from Jiamusi. Its my first t

43、ime Ive_Wuxi. A. arent you; been to B. dont you; been to C. arent you; been in D. dont you; gone to( ) 6. Im sorry youve waited so long, but therell be some time _ Bran gets back A. when B. since C. till D. after( ) 7. Mother often tells me to speak in a low _ in public. A. sound B. shout C. scream

44、D. voice( ) 8. -Do you think it will rain tomorrow? - _. Because farmers need rain very much.A. I think so B. I hope so C. Im afraid so D. Im afraid not【答案】1-5 ACBCC 6-8 CDB 三、完形填空 Now more and more people would like to visit Tibet(西藏). What would you do if you go to 1 a Tibetan family? Here are som

45、e tips for you. First, when you are 2 the house, dont step on the doorsill (门槛）. And when you talk with them, you may add la behind their names to show 3 respect (尊重) and kindness. Remember not to touch the top of the head of the Tibetans. Its not 4 .Then, if they ask you to take a seat, you may 5 c

46、ross-legged. Dont let your soles (鞋底) touch others. Tibetan people are friendly. During the meal, they 6 like to have a drink when they have dinner with friends. For the Tibetans, sticking out the tongue means expressing their respect for 7 . If they put their palms(手掌) together, it 8 the best wish

47、for you. Use 9 hands to receive gifts. Hada, the white scarf, is the symbol of good luck. Presenting it is the greatest etiquette (礼节) 10 Tibetan people. So you should bend (弯) your body when receiving it. Wish you a good time in a Tibetan family.( ) 1. A. have B. visit C. leave D. see( ) 2. A. ente

48、ring B. building C. buying D. enjoying( ) 3. A. its B. our C. your D. wild( ) 4. A. strange B. wild C. happy D. polite( ) 5. A. sit B. lie C. stand D. run( ) 6. A. never B. always C. seldom D. still( ) 7. A. them B. other C. another D. others( ) 8. A. calls B. asks C. means D. joins.( ) 9. A. both B

49、. all C. no D. each( )10. A. across B. among C. after D. about【答案】 1-5 BACDA 6-10 BDCAB四、阅读理解 When you cough or sneeze, please turn your head away from others and cover your mouth with the full part of your hand. Afterwards, you should say, Excuse me.” This is a rule I set for my students. It is so

50、simple, but many kids have never been told to do this. In fact, I notice adults cough and sneeze in public without putting a hand over the mouth. I hate travelling by subway（地铁）in New York during cold and flu season, because it is certain that someone is going to stand right behind me and cough or s

51、neeze on my neck. One important thing I point out to the kids is that after they sneeze or cough on their hand, they should wash their hands as soon as possible. Otherwise, they will be passing those germs(病菌)along to everything and everyone they touch. In order to help the kids remember this rule,

52、I tell them about an old story. It says that when you sneeze, evil spirits jump into your body. If you dont cover your mouth, the spirits will enter, but if you cover your mouth, you will keep them out, We say God bless you when someone sneezes, and in Germany you should say Gesundheit. That means G

53、ood health to you. Both expressions are said just in case you didnt cover your mouth in time and the spirits were able to enter your body. The kids love finding out the origins（起源）of these expressions and it encourages them to put the advice to use more often.( ) 1. After coughing or sneezing on the

54、ir hand, students are advised to_. A. say God bless you B. wash their hands as soon as possible C. go to see a doctor as soon as possible D. go home and have a good rest( ) 2. What does the underline word this mean? A. Dont cough or sneeze in front of people. B. Dont stand beside someone who coughs

55、or sneezes. C. Many people cough or sneeze on the underground train. . D. Cover your mouth when coughing or sneezing and say sorry.( ) 3. From the passage we can know the writer of this article must be_. A. a reporter B. a teacher C. a doctor D. an officer( ) 4. According to the article, the writer

56、would like the kids_. A. to be polite to adults B. to be in better health C. to have good manners D. to do well in exams 【答案】1-4 BDBC 五、翻译句子1. 这些公共标志牌使我们远离危险。These keep us .2. 行动胜于雄辩。Action words.3. 熟能生巧。 .4. 刚才警察警告他们不要在街上踢足球。The policeman play football in the street just now.5. 这次聚会的目的是为贫困学生筹款。 is

57、poor students.【答案】1 public signs; from danger 2 speaks louder than 3 Practice makes perfect.4 warned them not to 5 The purpose of the party; to raise money for六、动词填空1. -_they_(decide) when and where_(build) the new factory?-Not yet.2. My grandpa is not strong enough_ (travel) around the world on his

58、 own.3. You dont need to describe her. I_ (meet) her several times.4. This cake _ (smell) great, but I have to lose weight. 5. Why didnt you hear the doorbell? Because I _ (explain) a math problem to my daughter.6. Everything seemed _ (happen) so fast before I realized the danger. 7. The plate _ (dr

59、op) from her hands when someone walked past her. 8. Why cant you just understand? I _ (tell) you about it so many times!9. You can never think of the fun that we had _ (chat) with each other.10. Look! The whole class _ (listen) to the teacher carefully.11. People are wondering why the price of flats

60、 in big cities_ (rise) so fast in the past few months. 12. Well, thats another way I could think of _ (share) the same idea with them,13. I believe Tom, my best friend, _ (become) the School Best Singer again next year. 14. Did your parents warn you_(not pick) the flowers in the park?15. On Sunday a

61、fternoon, Mrs. Green felt sick so she lay on the sofa, _(have) a rest.16. -Do you know when he_ (come) again?-I dont know. When he_ (come), Ill let you know.17. It_(rain)all the time these days. Im wondering when it_(stop)raining.18. The child is old enough_ (dress) himself without his mothers help.

62、19. By_ (send) messages to each other, we have learnt a lot of interesting stories about our school.20. My friend invited me_ (have) dinner with her.21. The teacher said that the sun_ (rise) in the east.22. I dont think he_ (know) me at that time.23.Mother is busy_ (make) cookies for the picnic.24.H

63、e looked downward to avoid_ (look) at my eyes.25. Millie_ (shake) my hand and turned away.【答案】Have decided;to buildto travelhave metsmells was explaining to happen dropped have told chatting are listening has risen to share will becomenot to pickhavingwill come;comesis raining;will stop to dress sending to have rises knewmaking looking shook