东北育才学校2022-2023学年度高考适应性测试（三）英语试题.docx

1、绝密使用前东北育才学校2022-2023学年度高考适应性测试（三）高 三 英 语考生注意：1.本试卷共150分,考试时间120分钟。分两部分，67小题，共10页2.请将各题答案填写在答题卡上。 3.本试卷主要考试内容：高考全部内容第一部分 听力（共两节，满分30分）第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。1Where does the man most likely live?AIn Canada.

2、BIn New York.CIn California.2How much money did the speakers make?A$500.BLess than $500.CMore than $500.3What does the woman mean?AShe is better than a repairman. BShell buy a new refrigerator. CShe wants to save money.4What does the woman mean?AShe wants to catch the cockroach. BShe asks the waiter

3、 to catch the insect. CShe wants to testify the truth.5Why does the man need a map?ATo tour Manchester.BTo find a restaurant.CTo learn about China.第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分）听下面5段对话或独白，每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。听下面一段对话，回

4、答第6-7题。6What does the woman probably want the man to do? ADo some cleaning. BBe careful in his job. CTake out the trash in turn.7What is the probable relationship between the speakers?AMother and son.BBrother and sister.CManager and new worker.听下面一段对话，回答第8-10题。8How was the mans job interview?ACompet

5、itive.BEasy.CInformal.9What do we know about the man?AHe got the job. BHe failed the interview. CHe hasnt got the result.10What are the speakers going to do?AEnjoy a meal.BGo to a party.CHave a drink听下面一段对话，回答第11-13题。11How does Alex feel about the job interview?ADisappointed.BRegretful.CWorried.12Wh

6、y did Alex fail in the job interview?ALuck didnt favor him once again.BSomeone fit the job better than him.CSomething went wrong with his CV.13What does the woman offer to do?AWrite a CV.BApply for another job.CPractise interview questions.听下面一段对话，回答第14-16题。14How many apartments did Clive look at ye

7、sterday?ATwo.BThree.CFive.15What is Clive complaining about?AThe prices of the apartments. BThe cost of transport. CThe amount of work.16Why does Clive want to move?AHe lives too near to the railway. BHe doesnt like his present home. CHe lives too far from his workplace.听下面一段对话，回答第17-20题。17What is t

8、he speech mainly about?AMusic and dancing in Guanajuato. BTraditional Mexican dresses. CThe speakers career.18Which kind of music does the speaker like best?ARock music. BPop music.CTraditional Mexican music.19What is the most critical factor to be a folk dance?ATeamwork. BHard workCLove for the cul

9、ture and music.20How do folk dancers get dance dresses?ABy buying them at the store. BBy making them on their own. CBy borrowing them from their grandparents.第二部分 阅读（共两节，满分50分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。AWhat Is ChatGPT?ChatGPT is a large language model chatbot develop

10、ed by OpenAI based on GPT=3. 5 (Click to learn more). It has a remarkable ability to interact in a conversational dialogue form and provide responses that can appear surprisingly human. Large language models perform the task of predicting the next word in a series of words.Is ChatGPT Free To Use?The

11、 use of ChatGPT is currently free during the “research preview” time. The chatbot is currently open for users to try out and provide feedback on the responses so that the AI can become better at answering questions and to learn from its mistakes. However, ChatGPT is envisioned as a tool that the pub

12、lic will eventually have to pay to use.How Can ChatGPT Be Used?ChatGPT can write code, poems, songs, and even short stories in the style of a specific author. The expertise in following directions elevates ChatGPT from an information source to a tool that can be asked to accomplish a task. This make

13、s it useful for writing an essay on virtually any topic. ChatGPT can function as a tool for generating outlines for articles or even entire novels. It will provide a response for virtually any task that can be answered with written text.LimitationsChatGPT sometimes writes plausible-sounding but inco

14、rrect or nonsensical answers. Fixing this issue is challenging, as: (1) during RL training, theres currently no source of truth; (2) training the model to be more cautious causes it to decline questions that it can answer correctly; and (3) supervised training misleads the model because the ideal an

15、swer depends on what the model knows, rather than what the human demonstrator knows.ChatGPT is sensitive to tweaks (微调) to the input phrasing or attempting the same prompt multiple times. For example, given one phrasing of a question, the model can claim to not know the answer, but given a slight re

16、phrase (重新措辞), it can answer correctly.While weve made efforts to make the model refuse inappropriate requests, it will sometimes respond to harmful instructions or exhibit biased behavior. Were using the Moderation API to warn or block certain types of unsafe content, but we expect it to have some

17、false negatives and positives for now. Were eager to collect user feedback to aid our ongoing work to improve this system.21Which of the following tasks can NOT be performed by ChatGPT?AWriting a poem. BDrawing a painting. CWriting a song. DCreating a short story in O. Henrys style.22What can we kno

18、w about ChatGPT?AIt only gives true answers. BIt is free of charge at the moment.CIts limitations are easy to overcome. DIt can respond to harmful questions sometimes.23Where is the text probably taken from?AA website.BA brochure.CA leaflet.DA novel.BAs Alexandria Country Day Schools sixth-graders c

19、reated miniature 3D printed villages to address homelessness, they learned lessons far beyond technology. “It Takes a Village” began as a project for a science class, inspired by life-size 3D-printed homes built by Austin, Texas-based technology company Icon. No strangers to classroom 3D projects, t

20、he students were fascinated by Icons use of a similar process to create homes made of inexpensive concrete-like material. Unlike standard construction methods, the process of building these durable homes takes just a few days. While creating their mini 3D buildings, the students explored how such te

21、chnology allows design freedom and quick changes. Mathematical conversions helped get the relations right. For example, a real 25-foot-by-20-foot one-bedroom house would be printed as 40-millimeter-by-32-millimeter (about 1 1/2 inch by 1 1/4 inch) for their mini village. Salwa Seman, 11, said that g

22、etting the dimensions and settings correct before construction began was challenging as she created a curved-wall amphitheater (圆形剧场). The tech-focused project quickly evolved into “an exercise in empathy (共情), innovation and cooperation designed to bring about lasting change”. “When most people thi

23、nk of helping the homeless, they think of food and clothing drives,” said Juliet Galicia, 11. “While necessary, those are temporary fixes. Even housing by itself is not a complete solution.”In designing their leave-homelessness-behind neighborhoods, priorities were shelter, food stores, schools, and

24、 health centers. But to build a sense of belonging and purpose, the miniature communities also emphasized areas for frequent interaction among residents. “We wanted to make it feel more like a real community,” said Luke Wazorko, 11. A community garden, a place to raise chickens, an amphitheater for

25、shared events, bus stops for access to jobs, and infrastructure for Wi-Fi and cellphones to help in job searches were important features to offer formerly unhoused residents. Amber Fogarty, president of a nonprofit organization tackling homelessness in Austin, said, “Housing alone will never solve h

26、omelessness, but community will. People need a place where they are known, cared for and loved.”24Which can be used to describe homes created by Icon?AHard-sided. BLong-lasting. CRough-edged. DStrong-minded.25What conclusion can we draw from Galicia words?AJuliet Galicia has participated in food and

27、 clothing drives in the past.BTemporary solutions have proved to be of little help to unhoused people.CProviding unhoused people with a place to live will solve all of their problems.DA comprehensive approach is required to fully address the issue of homelessness.26The author may agree to the ideas

28、EXCEPT that_.Aa team of people can use 3D printing to build homesBbuilders can adapt a 3D-printed design to fit a persons preferencesCthe students faced challenges in building their miniature communitiesDplaces for personal interactions are an important aspect of a community27What is the purpose of

29、the sixth paragraph?ATo emphasize community gardens as the most important part of neighborhoods.BTo illustrate technology has nothing to do with helping unhoused people.CTo show specific ways the students focused on more than just housing.DTo promote the project as a profitable design to Austin.CTha

30、nks to in-depth reporting by the Wall Street Journal, we now know that Facebook has long been aware its product Instagram has harmful effects on the mental health of many adolescent users. Young girls, in particular, struggle with their body image thanks to a constant stream of photos and videos sho

31、wing beautiful bodies that users dont think they can attain. While the information the Journal covered is essential and instructive, it does not tell the whole story. Deep down, this is not an Instagram problem; its a people problem. Understanding that distinction can make the difference between a f

32、ailed attempt to contain a teens interest in an addictive app and successfully addressing the underlying problem leading to mental distress induced (诱发) by Instagram. Critics were quick to shame Facebook for sitting on the data and not releasing it to researchers or academics who asked for it. Other

33、s criticize the social media giant for not using the research to create a safer experience for its teen users. The anger, while understandable, is misplaced. While Im reluctant to defend Facebook, Im not sure its reasonable to blame the company for withholding data that would hurt its business. Have

34、 you ever binge-watched (狂看) a Netflix series? I assure you it wasnt a healthy endeavor. You were in active, likely did nothing productive, mindlessly snacked and didnt go outside for fresh air. It is an objectively harmful use of time to stare at a TV or laptop for a full weekend. Should we respond

35、 by shaming Netflix for not alerting us to how damaging an addictive product can be?While its reasonable to say Instagram makes esteem issues worse, it strains credulity (夸张到难以置信) to believe it causes them in the first place. You create your own experiences on social media. For the most part, you ch

36、oose which accounts to follow and engage. If youre already vulnerable to insecurities and self-sabotage (自损) as many teens are you will find accounts to obsess over. And this isnt a new phenomenon. Before social media, there were similar issues fueling self-esteem issues. Whether the target be magaz

37、ines, movies or television shows depicting difficult-to-attain bodies, there has been a relatively steady chorus (异口同声) of experts nothing the damage new media could cause young viewers. Self-esteem issues have an underlying cause one thats independent of social media use. Instagram merely enhances

38、those feelings because it provides infinitely more access to triggers than older forms of media. Its more worthwhile to address those underlying factors rather than to attack Facebook.28The author thinks the criticisms against Instagram _.Aare successful attempts to change teens interest in addictiv

39、e apps Baddress the Instagram - induced mental painCare only based on the data released by Facebook Dare not directed at the fundamental problem29Netflix is mentioned to _.Acompare the criticisms against it and Facebook Bdefend why Facebook is to blameCsuggest the critics remarks are not to point Ds

40、how Netflix does more harm to teens30The Instagram problem is essentially a “people problem” in that _.Ait is human nature to get addicted to social media Busers decide on their experiences on social mediaCpeople have a tendency to feel insecure online Dpeople are keen on fabricating their self - pr

41、ofile31What is the passage mainly about?Athe unprecedented criticism facing Facebook Bthe alarming online habits of teenagers worldwideCthe root cause of Instagram - induced mental strains Dthe harmful impact of Instagram on teenagersDPreamble ofChina: Democracy that worksPublished by the State Coun

42、cil on December 4, 2021Democracy is a common value of humanity and an ideal that has always been cherished by the Communist Party of China and the Chinese people.This year marks the centenary of the CPCSince its founding in 1921, the Party has taken wellbeing for the Chinese people and the rejuvenat

43、ion of the Chinese nation as its abiding goals, and has made continuous efforts to ensure the peoples status as masters of the country. China is a country with a feudal (封建的) history dating back several thousand years that descended into a semi-feudal and semi-colonial society after the Opium War of

44、 1840. Over the past hundred years, the Party has led the people in realizing peoples democracy in China. The Chinese people now truly hold in their hands their own future and that of society and the country.The peoples status as masters of the country is the essence of peoples democracy. Since the

45、18th CPC National Congress in 2012, with a deeper understanding of Chinas path to democracy and the political system, the Party has developed whole-process peoples democracy as a key concept and striven to translate it and relevant democratic values into effective institutions and concrete actions.W

46、hole-process peoples democracy integrates process-oriented democracy with results-oriented democracy, procedural democracy with substantive (本质上的) democracy, direct democracy with indirect democracy, and peoples democracy with the will of the state. It is a model of socialist democracy that covers a

47、ll aspects of the democratic process and all sectors of society. It is a true democracy that works.Democracy is a concrete phenomenon that is constantly evolving. Rooted in history, culture and tradition, it takes diverse forms and develops along the paths chosen by different peoples based on their

48、exploration and innovation.The best way to evaluate whether a countrys political system is democratic and efficient is to observe whether the succession of its leaders is orderly and in line with the law, whether all the people can manage state and social affairs and economic and cultural undertakin

49、gs in conformity with legal provisions, whether the public can express their requirements without hindrance, whether all sectors can efficiently participate in the countrys political affairs, whether national decision-making can be conducted in a rational and democratic way, whether people of high c

50、aliber in all fields can be part of the national leadership and administrative systems through fair competition, whether the governing party is in charge of state affairs in accordance with the Constitution and the law, and whether the exercise of power can be kept under effective restraint and supe

51、rvision.Democracy is not a decorative ornament, but an instrument for addressing the issues that concern the people. Whether a country is democratic depends on whether its people are truly the masters of the country; whether the people have the right to vote, and more importantly, the right to parti

52、cipate extensively; whether they have been given verbal promises in elections, and more importantly, how many of these promises are fulfilled after elections; whether there are set political procedures and rules in state systems and laws, and more importantly, whether these systems and laws are trul

53、y enforced; whether the rules and procedures for the exercise of power are democratic, and more importantly, whether the exercise of power is genuinely subject to public scrutiny and checks.Democracy is the right of the people in every country, rather than the prerogative of a few nations. Whether a

54、 country is democratic should be judged by its people, not dictated by a handful of outsiders. Whether a country is democratic should be acknowledged by the international community, not arbitrarily decided by a few self-appointed judges. There is no fixed model of democracy; it manifests itself in m

55、any forms. Assessing the myriad political systems in the world against a single yardstick and examining diverse political structures in monochrome are in themselves undemocratic.In the richly diverse world, democracy comes in many forms. Chinas democracy is thriving alongside those of other countrie

56、s in the garden of civilizations. China stands ready to contribute its experience and strength to global political progress through cooperation and mutual learning.32Which of the following is the foundation of peoples democracy in China?AFighting against the feudal power which held the nation backwa

57、rds.BStriving to translate Whole-process democracy and relevant democratic values into effective institutions and concrete actions.CAsserting their power to rule the country effectively.DEnsuring that the public can express their requirements without hindrance and all sectors can efficiently partici

58、pate in the countrys political affairs.33In which way could we tell if a country is in most aspects,ensuring peoples political life fully democratic?AIts democracy being rooted in history, culture and tradition as well as taking diverse forms based on exploration and innovation.BEven a little bit of

59、 shade from the feudal history has been swept away while continuously revoluting its democracy for the better.CTeenagers willing to take an active part in political activities such as the Simulated CPPCCDPeople are able to exercise their rights within the scope of the law unhinderedly (不受阻地).34How c

60、an we better enjoy the advantage of Whole-process peoples democracy?AObserving whether the succession of its leaders is orderly and in line with the law.BRaising our status as masters of the country with concrete actions.CAlways innovating for a better future, not only for ourselves but also for our

61、 democracy.DPersisting in the Partys strong leadership.35What is the main idea of this paragraph?AA full and accurate foreword introducing existing circumstances of democracy.BAn informative official document giving people knowledge on democracy in China.CAn introduction of how democracy works in Ch

62、ina.DTelling people what are thus how to distinguish various kinds of democracy.第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Beating Burnout and Compassion Fatigue in the New YearThis year has continued to bring many of us closer to the pain, suffering and exhaustion of those ex

63、periencing burnout and compassion fatigue (疲倦). There is no doubt that 2021 has been filled with additional challenges. _36_The data is clearly showing that our workforce shares feelings of burnout. A recent Gallup report indicated that 67% of us feel burned out either some or most of the time. At a

64、n organizational level, Hogan reports that burned out employees are 18% less productive and 2.6 times more likely to be actively seeking a different job.Fatigue and burnout arise not when we fail to get sufficient rest but when we fail to appreciate the moments of purpose and joy in our lives.There

65、are a few myths around burnout and compassion fatigue:Myth 1: Burnout is an individuals problem.Many people believe that burnout is about an individual who needs to “figure it out”. _37_ Team structure offers critical support and leaders should create environment where team burnout is addressed.Myth

66、 2: _38_Surprisingly, the individuals most likely to experience burnout are committed employees and leaders who love their job and are highly engaged. These top performers are the people you are most likely to lose.Myth 3: People who experience burnout are just less resilient.Research shows a correl

67、ation between higher levels of resilience (复原力) and lower levels of burnout. _39_ But resilience looks very different now from five years ago, and my guess is that it will continue to shift.If 2021 has taught us anything, it is that we cannot separate burnout from our emotions, whether they may be f

68、ear, anger, shame or guilt. _40_AWhile fatigue is more sudden and results from carrying the pain and suffering of others, what we experience is similar.BBurnout results from lack of responsibility.CBurnout hurts individuals enthusiasm and passion.DAt this point, burnout and compassion fatigue has ex

69、panded into many aspects of our lives.EBut burnout occurs at different levels and is the result from challenges to individuals, teams and organizations.FAt one point, people believed resilience was established by “sucking it up”, or “just staying positive”.GAnd the path forward requires us to deepen

70、 the relationship with feelings of joy, passion, pride and fulfillment.第三部分 语言运用（共两节，满分30分）第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。Two of the most critical lessons learned from the pandemic are the need for effective national leadership and for clear, consistent communication.

71、Countries that fared well had both in abundance; those that didnt often faltered. The TIMES survey results reflect this, with_41_was “leadership and public communication strategies” the only category in which every rated, on average, at least 4 out of 5 for priority. The highest ranking in the categ

72、ory went to “ensuring strong, federally coordinated responses that provincial, state, and local jurisdictions can rely upon for guidance”. The importance of this cannot be overstated. In the U.S., it made no sense to have 50 states _42_ their own supplies of masks and tests, and 50 different sets of

73、 rules to contain (or not) the disease. As a former local health official, I can tell you that local health departments are chronically under _43_ and so rely on federal entities to formulate clear_44_ and evidence-based policy guidance, which _45_ those closer to the ground to tailor the specifics

74、to their communities. Being able to point to federal guidelines helps serve as political cover-important when the recommendations ask for difficult actions, such as shuttering businesses and _46_ stay-at-home orders.The TIMES survey also identifies global health governance as a top _47_ including to

75、 “reform the World Health Organizations regulatory authority”. Unfortunately, the_48_of this intervention was rated 2.86. I agree with this low ranking. Any reform at the WHO will be a long and tedious _49_. Global health governance needs to occur, but meanwhile, individual governments can take matt

76、ers into their own _50_. First, they must rigorously evaluate their countrys pandemic response and make necessary _51_ to improve local, regional and national infrastructure and coordination. Second, they should strengthen international scientific_52_. Third, willing countries can _53_ multinational

77、 agreements for transparency, mutual aid and partnership.Improvements in global public health must begin locally and be driven by leaders who will learn the hard _54_ from COVID-19. If we can _55_the key factors that need reform, then we must agree on doing what it takes to prevent another tragedy.4

78、1Aproposal Brefusal Cadjustment Dsubstitute42Ainfluence Bpromise Csecure Dpattern43Asmashed Bstuffed Csmoothed Dstaffed44Acareers Bgoals Ctrends Dsigns45Aemploys Bemphasizes Cemerges Dempowers46Aimposing Bstretching Cchallenging Dintruding47Aappeal Bsolution Cprinciple Dpriority48Apossibility Bfeasi

79、bility Cavailability Dpracticality49Aproperty Bcombination Cprocess Dcalculation50Ahands Bears Cmouths Deyes51Aachievements Bjudgements Cpavements Dinvestments52Adonations Bcollaborations Cqualifications Dregulations53Adetermine Boverlook Cinitiate Devaluate54Alessons Bcauses Csubjects Dmodels55Amak

80、e with Bshow up Ctake over Dagree on第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入适当的内容（1个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式。Natural early risers are less likely to develop mental health problems than night owls, according to scientists._56_ (program) biologically to wake up early is linked to greater happiness and a lower risk

81、 of schizophrenia (精神分裂症) and depression. Evening types may be at greater risk _57_ mainly early start times at work.Prof Mike Weedon, of the University of Exeter, said, “_58_ large number of people in our study means we have provided the strongest evidence to date _59_ night owls are at higher risk

82、 of mental health problems, such as schizophrenia and lower mental well-being, _60_ farther studies are needed to understand this link.”The study _61_ (use) genetic data from 250000 participants signing up to help the research and 450,000 people in the UK Biobank study Participants were asked whethe

83、r they were “a morning person” or an “evening person”, and their genomes (基因组) were analysed,_62_ (reveal) genes that people shared that appeared to influence sleep patterns.The number of areas of the genome known to influence _63_ someone is an riser has grown from 24 to 351. “This study highlights

84、 a large number of genes which can be studied in more detail to work out how different people can have different body clocks,” said Weedon.The evidence suggested evening types were roughly 10% more likely to develop schizophrenia while morning people were also at lower risk of depression and reporte

85、d _64_ (be) happier in well-being questionnaires.Samuel Jones, the papers lead author, said that the current hypothesis is that evening types have to work _65_ their natural body clock in the world of work, which may have negative consequences. Another possibility is that the body-clock genes have a

86、 more direct influence on vulnerability to certain conditions.第四部分 写作（共两节，满分40分）第一节（满分15分）66为展示春季校园的魅力和风采，你校学生会将举办校园微视频大赛，现向全校学生征集微视频作品。作为学生会主席，请你写一则作品征集通知发布于校英语专栏。要点如下：1活动目的；2作品要求；3截止日期和作品提交方式。注意：1词数100左右；2可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。参考词汇：微视频 micro-video_Yours,Li Hua第二节（满分25分）67阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整

87、的短文。My parents love the saying “If at first you dont succeed, try, try again so much that they even bought a pillow with those words on it. But I was recently in a situation where I was SO ready to give up.It started last week when my friend Ollie and I were helping his grandmother Mary to carry box

88、es from her garage to her car for the homeless shelter rummage sale (义卖).At the sight of a big old trunk (行李箱)，we asked Mary what was inside. But she told us that as she had lost the key, she had to find a master locksmith to figure it out. Let me have a try! said Ollie. “I bet I can open that lock

89、in two minutes flat! Maybe theres a treasure inside, like gold or diamonds or an ancient map!Mary smiled. Ill tell you what. If you two treasure hunters can open this trunk, you can have it, along with whatever is inside.Ollie got a tool kit and we set out to open the lock. But he definitely lost th

90、at bet. Those two minutes turned into two hours, with no luck at all. We had tried every tool in the kit, but the lock wouldnt move slightly.“Its no use. Ollie sighed. I guess we have to give up.“But we cant give up! I said. What about If at first you dont succeed, try, try again?Ollie shook his hea

91、d. Unless you know a magical key fairy, were never getting this unlocked.Just then, my little brother Tex showed up. He showed great interest in the trunk. It looks like an upside-down boat! Can I turn it over and pretend Im sailing in the ocean?Sure, Ollie replied. Its no good for anything else.“Ah

92、oy! Tex said, climbing on top after Ollie and I turned it over. “Im the captain!” He giggled as he jumped up and down. And right then, a screw (螺丝) from a hinge (铰链) came loose and rolled to the floor.注意:1.续写词数应为150左右；2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。“Thats it! I know how to open it! said Ollie._Oh! There were only lots of shoes in the trunk!_