仁爱英语七年级下册Unit 8 The Seasons and the Weather.知识点讲解.docx

1、Unit 8 The Seasons and the WeatherTopic 1 whats the weather like in summer?Section A 1. Whats the weather like in spring?春天天气怎么样? Whats the weather like .?”是用来询问天气状况的句型。还可以用“Hows the weather.?来表达。如: -Whats the weather like there in winter? =Hows the weather there in winter? 那里冬天天气怎么样? -It often snow

2、s.常常下雪。 2. Its a good time to climb hills.这是登山的好时节。 句型“It+be+名词/形容词+to do/for doing sth.”意为“这/那是做某事的”。如: It is a good season for hiking.这是徒步旅行的好季节。 It is hard to say.这难说。 3. -why? 为什么？-because I learned to swim last year,.因为我去年学了游泳， (1) Why? 的完整句子应为Why do you like summer best? (2 ) learn to do sth.意

3、为“学会做某事（未做）。如: Judy is learning to dance.朱迪在学跳舞。 4. When it snows, I can make snowmen.下雪时我可以堆雪人。 Snow v.意为“下雪”。如: It snowed last night.昨晚下了一场大雪。 snow n. 意为“雪”，不可数名词。 There was a heavy snow Last night. 昨晚下了一场大雪。 但表示“一场大雪”时，之前可以加a。 There is much snow on the ground now.现在地面上覆盖着一层厚厚的积雪。 【衔接】rain v.意为“下雨

4、”:如: I got home late because it rained hard yesterday.由于大雨我昨天到家很晚C rain n.雨。为不可数名词。如: There is much rain in summer in Guangdong.夏季广东雨量充沛。 但表示“一场大雨”时，之前可以加a。 There was a heavy rain last night.昨晚下了场大雨。Section B 1. How are things going?事情进展得怎么样? 用来询问对方处境或事情进展的习惯用语，相当于汉语的“一切还好吗?”;后面可跟介词短语with sb.。How ar

5、e things going?”也可以用“How is everything going?”来表达。 回答该句型时可根据不同情况作答: Great!很好!/Not bad!还不错!Just so so一般般。/ Things are going well一切进展顺利。 【拓展】我们还可以用下面两个句子表达“一切进展顺利”: Everything is going well. Everything goes well. 2. It is rainy today, but it was sunny and warm yesterday.今天下雨呢，但是昨天是晴天而且很暖和。 rainy adj.意

6、为“多雨的”。由“rain+y rainy”即“名词+y形容词”。如:cloudy多云的;snowy下雪的;sunny晴天的;foggy多雾的;windy多风的 3. Remember to put on your raincoat when you go outside.你出门的时候记得穿上雨衣。 ( 1 ) remember意为“记得;记起”，后可接名词、代词、动词-ing或动词不定式作宾语。如: We remember this song.我们记得这首歌。 Do you remember her? 你还记得她吗? I remember meeting her in this city.我

7、记得在这个城市遇见过她。 Remember to call me when you get home.记得到家的时候给我打电话。【拓展】remember to do sth.记得要去做某事(事情未做)remember doing sth.记得做过某事(事情已做)如: -Remember to invite Tom to your birthday party. 记得邀请汤姆参加你的生日聚会。 -I remembered inviting him this morning, but he was too busy.我记得今天上午邀请过他了，可是他太忙了。【衔接】remember的反义词是forg

8、et，意为“忘记”，其用法与remember类似。forget to do sth.忘记要做某事(事情未做)forget doing sth.忘记做过某事(事情已做)如:I forgot to call my mom this afternoon.我忘记今天下午要给我妈妈打电话。I forgot calling my mom this afternoon.我忘记今天下午已经给我妈妈打过电话了。 (2)outside副词，意为“在外面”，反义词是inside，意为“在室内，在里面”。如:Dont stay inside all the time. Lets go outside to walk.

9、不要一直待在室内。我们出去走走吧。 【拓展】 outside用作形容词，意为“外面的”。如: The outside temperature is very high. 外面的温度很高。 outside用作名词，意为“外部;外观”。如: The outside of the building is black and white.这 座建筑物的外观是黑白相间的。 outside用作介词，意为“在外面”。如: There is a river outside the house.房子外面有一条河。 4. -Whats the temperature, do you know?你知道今天气温多少度

10、吗? -The lowest temperature is-8and the highest temperature is-2.最低温度是零下80，最高温度是零下20。 (1)问气温是多少度用疑问词what，而不用how many或how much。 (2) -8意为“零下八摄氏度”，读作eight degrees centigrade/celsius below zero或minus eight degrees centigrade/celsius。其中，美语中常用Celsius代替centigrade。 2意为“二摄氏度”，读作two degrees celsius。Section C 1

11、. If you plan to travel on your holidays, youd better know about the weather in different places in August.如果你打算假期去旅行，你最好了解一下8月不同地区的天气状况。 (1)整个句子是一个含有由if引导的条件状语从句的复合句，主句为youd better know about the weather in different places in August. 【注意】在由if引导的条件状语从句中，谓语动词多用一般现在时表将来。如: If you see him, give him th

12、is book.你要是见到他，就把这本书给他。 If it rains tomorrow, Ill stay at home.假如明天下雨，我就待在家里。 (2)had better (not) do sth.意为“最好(不)做某事”，better后用动词原形，不带to。如: Youd better (not) go there by bike.你最好(别)骑自行车去那儿。 ( 3 ) know about意为“知道，了解(详细情况)”。如: -Do you know about Lin Dan?你了解林丹的具体情况吗? -Yes. He is a famous badminton playe

13、r.是的。他是著名的羽毛球运动员。(4) travel v. travel to+名词，意为“到旅游”。如: Tom traveled to Kunming last Sunday.上周日汤姆去昆明旅游了。 go traveling意为“去旅游”。如: Would you like to go traveling with us? 你愿意跟我们一起去旅行吗?2. Of course, please remember to wear warm clothes. .You need to wear sunglasses, a T-shirt and shorts.当然了，请记得要穿保暖的衣服。你需

14、要戴太阳镜，穿一件T恤衫和短裤。 (1 )remember to do sth.意为“记得要做某事”。如: Remember to lock the door before you leave home.离家之前，记得要锁门。 (2)句中wear是行为动词，意为“穿，戴”，表示状态。如: Amy wears a new hat today.艾米今天戴了一顶新帽子。 【比较】put on, be in, dress都有表示“穿，戴”之意，但用法有很大区别。 put on意为“把穿上(戴上)”，强调“穿，戴”的动作。宾语是有关衣服的词。如:Alice is putting on her coat.

15、爱丽丝正在穿大衣。 be in表示状态，宾语为有关衣服和颜色的词。如:Mary is in a new dress today.玛丽今天穿了条新裙子。The girl in green is my sister.穿绿色衣服的女孩是我妹妹。dress意为“给穿衣”，宾语为人或反身代词。如:The mother is dressing her daughter.那位母亲正在给她女儿穿衣服。The girl is too young to dress herself.那个女孩太小，自己不会穿衣服。 (3)sunglasses(太阳镜)，shorts(短裤)，这两个单词只有复数形式，没有单数形式。类似

16、的有:pants(长裤)，scissors(剪刀)，glasses(眼镜)。3. Sometimes it rains suddenly, but later on, it may get fine again.有时会突然下起雨，但随后，天气就又会变得晴朗起来。(1 ) later on意为“后来，以后，其后，随后”。如:Im going out later on.我过一会儿要出去。Later on, she found her key.过了一会儿，她找到了钥匙。 (2)get fine意为“天气放晴”。get意为“变得”，是连系动词，后跟形容词作表语。如:When winter comes,

17、 it is getting colder and colder.冬天到来时，天气变得越来越冷了。【链接】类似的动词还有turn, look等。如: Marthas face turned red.玛莎的脸变红了。 The dress looks nice on you.这裙子穿在你身上真漂亮。 4. Everything comes back to life. Trees turn green and flowers come out.万物复苏。树木吐出新芽，花儿也开始绽放。 (1 ) come back to life意为“复苏;复活”。如: Slowly, the city began

18、to come back to life.慢慢地，这个城市又出现了生机。 ( 2 ) come out意为“开花；出版；发行”。 The flowers begin to come out.花儿开始开放。 The book will come out next month.这本书下个月出版。 5. It is very hot. It often rains and sometimes it rains heavily.天气很热，经常下雨，有时雨下得相当大。 rain heavily下大雨。副词heavily, hard和形容词heavy常用来形容雨或雪下得大;副词strongly, hard

19、和形容词strong常用来形容风刮得大。如: snow/rain heavily/hard下大雪/下大雨 a heavy snow/rain大雪/大雨 blow strongly/hard刮大风 a strong wind大风 6.Fall comes after summer.夏去秋来。 come after意为“在之后到来”，反义词组为come before意为“在之前到来”。如: Fall comes before winter.秋天在冬天之前来临。 7. It is the harvest season, and the farmers are busy harvesting.这是个收

20、获的季节，农民们正忙于收割。 be busy doing sth. =be busy with sth.意为“忙于做某事”。如: Mary is busy doing/with her homework.玛丽正忙于做作业。 【注意】be busy与have no time同义，但have no time to do sth.意为“没有时间做某事”。如: Im busy now. =I have no time now.我现在没时间。 Mary has no time to do her homework.玛丽没有时间做作业。 8. Winter lasts from December to F

21、ebruary.冬季从十二月持续到二月。 last v.意为“持续”，后接表示时间段的名词或短语。如: last long/four years/a few minutes/from.to.持续很久/四年/几分钟/从(时间)到(时间)【拓展】last adj.意为“最近的，上一个的”，常用于过去时。如: last night/Tuesday/month/summer/year 昨晚/上个星期二/上个月/去年夏天/去年Section D 1. We took a walk in the park and saw some old people performing Beijing Opera.我

22、们来公园散步，看见一些老年人在表演京剧。 (1)take a walk (with sb.)意为“(与某人)散步，。如: Id like to take a walk with my father after dinner.我喜欢晚饭后和父亲散步。 (2) see sb. doing sth.意为“看见某人正在做某事”。如: I saw him crossing the road.我看见他正在穿过马路。 【衔接】see sb. do sth.意为“看见某人做某事”，指看见事情的全过程或事情经常性、重复性发生。如: I saw you put the key in your pocket.我见你

23、把钥匙放进了口袋里。 We often see him play soccer there.我们经常看见他在那儿踢足球。 hear sb. doing sth.意为“听见某人正在做某事，。如: I heard Sam singing in the classroom.我听见山姆正在教室唱歌。 hear sb. do sth. 意为“听见某人做某事，指听见事情的全过程或事情经常性、重复性发生。如: Did you hear Carne go out?你听到卡丽出去了吗?2. So we went home right away.因此我们立刻回家。 right away意为“立即，马上”。作状语，

24、类似的短语有at once。如: I need talk to you right away. =I need talk to you at once.我需要马上和你谈一谈。 3. I hope all is well with you!我希望你一切都好! hope v.意为“希望”。常有: hope to do sth. /hope for sth.意为“希望，期望(某事发生)”。 hope (that)+从句。如: I hope to see you soon.我希望能很快见到你。 Were hoping for good weather on Sunday.我们希望星期天天气好。 I h

25、ope youre coming to the party.我希望你能来参加聚会。 【拓展】hope v.意为“希望(的东西)，期望(的事情)，被寄予希望的人(或事情，情况)”。如:They have high hopes for their children.他们对自己的孩子寄予厚望。Youre my last hope.你是我最后的希望。Topic 2 The summer holidays are coming.Section A1. Michael, Jane, Maria and Kangkang are talking about their holiday plans.迈克尔、简

26、、玛丽亚和康康在谈论他们的假期计划。 (1)talk about意为“谈论，谈到”，指谈论的具体内容。The people in England like talking about the weather when they meet each other.英国人相互见面时喜欢谈论天气。【衔接】talk to sb.意为“对某人说”。如:Dont just sit there. Talk to me, please.不要只是坐在那儿。请跟我讲话。Youd better talk to your mother about your scores.你最好向你妈妈谈谈你的成绩。talk with

27、sb.意为“与某人交谈”，侧重于双方交谈。如:My mother is talking with our English teacher about my English learning.我妈妈正和我们的英语老师谈论我的英语学习。（2）plan n. 意为“计划”。另外还可作动词，如：Jane plans to travel to some places of interest. 简打算去一些名胜古迹旅行。2. I wish to travel around the country and take some pictures. 我希望能周游全国并拍些照片。（1）wish v. 意为“希望”

28、。Wish to do sth. 希望、想要做某事。 Everyone wishes to have a happy life.每个人都渴望过幸福的生活。 【拓展】wish sb. to do sth.意为“希望某人做某事。如: I wish you to play football with me.我希望你和我一起踢足球。 wish sb. sth.意为“祝愿某人某事”。如: I wished her a happy birthday.我祝她生日快乐。 Wish me good luck!祝我好运吧! wish for sth.意为“盼望，企求，想要”如: Its no use wishin

29、g for the impossible.祈求不可能的东西是徒劳无益的。 wish作名词常用复数形式，意为“祝愿，预祝”，用于信末尾作结束语。如: Best wishes for you!致以最美好的祝愿! (2 ) travel around the country意为“周游全国” travel v./n.意为“(长途)旅行”。如: We always travel by plane.我们总乘飞机旅行。 When are you off on your travels?你什么时候动身外出旅行? 【拓展】travel to+某地，意为“去某地旅行”。如: We traveled to Beij

30、ing last summer.我们去年夏天去了北京旅行。 go traveling意为“去旅游”。如: Tom went traveling with his friends last weekend.汤姆上周末跟朋友一起去旅游了。 around the country意为“遍及全国”，也可说all over the country。类似的表达还有: all over the world /around the world遍及全世界 3. I hope to get together with them.我希望和他们聚聚。 (1 ) hope to do sth.意为“希望，期望做某事”。如

31、: I hope to return home right away.我希望马上回家。 (2)get together意为“聚会;聚在一起;聚集”。如:They get together once a year on Spring Festival. I have no interest in this film.我对这部电影没有兴趣。4. Id like to visit some places of interest in China.我想去中国的一些名胜古迹旅游。（1）places of interest, 意为“名胜古迹”。如：There are many places of inte

32、rest in Hangzhou. 杭州有许多名胜古迹。（2）interest n. 意为“兴趣；趣味”。Have /take an interest in sth./sb. 对有兴趣。如：I have no interest in this film.我对这部电影没兴趣。Ricks interests are playing the guitar and singing.瑞克的兴趣是弹吉他和唱歌。（3）interesting adj.意为“有趣的”。The book is very interesting.这本书很有趣。 5. Each of you has a good plan for

33、the holidays.你们每个人都有不错的暑假计划。 each此处作代词，意为“每个，各个”。可单独作主语，也可后接“of+名词/复数名词”作主语，谓语动词要用单数。如: Each of the students has a new computer.每个学生都有一台新电脑。 【拓展】each可作形容词，意为“每个”，修饰可数名词单数。如: Each student wants to join the party.每个学生都想参加这个晚会。 each可作副词，意为“各自”，在句中作状语。如: These tickets are forty yuan each.这些票每张40元。Sectio

34、n B 1. Whats the best time to go there?什么时候是去那儿的最好时间? the best time to do sth.意为“做某事的最好时间/时节”，不定式短语作time的定语。不定式也可以作定语。如: Summer is the best time to swim.夏天是游泳的最好时节。 【衔接】Its a good time to do/for doing sth.意为“做某事的好时间/时节”。 Its a good season for doing sth.意为“做某事的好季节”。如: Its a good time to fly/for flyin

35、g kites in spring.春天是放风筝的好时节。 2. The weather there is always fine all year round.那里的天气一年四季都很好。 all year round意为“一年到头;终年”。如: Mr. Liu is busy all year round.刘先生一年到头忙个不停。 The man lives on the sea all year round.那个人终年生活在海上。 3. It sounds very interesting! 听起来很有趣! sound此处作连系动词，意为“听起来”，常接形容词作表语。如: The musi

36、c sounds beautiful.音乐听起来很优美。 【衔接】sound一般作为可数名词，意为“声音”，泛指在自然界中听到的各种声音。如: Light travels much faster than sound.光的传播速度比声音快。 4. Youd better take a camera, a pair of sunglasses, a map and so on.你最好带一个相机，一副太阳镜和一张地图等等。 (1)a pair of意为“一双，一副”。后接成双的复数名词。如:a pair of pants, shoes, socks等。作主语时，谓语动词用第三人称单数。如: Thi

37、s pair of pants fits me well.这条裤子很适合我。 (2)and so on意为“等等”，也可用etc.表示，放在句末。如: Remember to take some paper, a pen, etc.记住带些纸和笔等东西。Section C 1.you should prepare well for it.你应该好好准备一下。 Prepare v.意为“准备”。如: Tom is preparing lunch in the kitchen.汤姆正在厨房里准备午餐。 prepare sth. /sb. for sb. /sth.使做好准备 We must pre

38、pare a room for our guest.我们必须为客人预备一个房间。 2. Friends can help keep you safe and share the fun.朋友可以帮助保护你的安全并且分享乐趣。 (1) keep sb. /sth.+adj.意为“使某人/某物怎么样Everyone must remember to keep the classroom个人必须记得要保持教室干净。【拓展】keep sb. /sth.+v.-ing形式，意为“使某人/某物做”。如: Im sorry，I kept you waiting for more than 2 hours.对

39、不起，我让你等了两个多小时。 (2) share the fun意为“分享快乐”。如果share后的名词是表示“愉快、幸福”等意思的词，share意为“分享”;如果其后的名词是表示“困难、麻烦”等意思的词，share则意为“分担”。如: Lets share the trouble together.让我们一起分担这麻烦吧! 【衔接】share sth. with sb.意为“与某人分享某物/与某人共同分担”。如: I shared an apple with Tom just now.我刚才和汤姆分了一个苹果。 3. You shouldnt stay in the sun too long

40、.你不应该在太阳下待太长时间。 stay在句中作动词，意为“停留，逗留”。如: I stayed late at the party last night.我昨晚在晚会上逗留到很晚。 【拓展】(I)stay作动词，还意为“保持，维系”。如: These days the weather stays warm.这些天天气都很暖和。We want to stay friends forever.我们想永远做朋友。 (2)stay还可构成如下词组: stay away (from sb. /sth.)意为“离开，不接近(某人)，不去(某处)”。如: I want you to stay away f

41、rom the computer games.我想让你离电脑游戏远远的。 stay up意为“熬夜，不去睡觉，。如: You look tired. Dont stay up any more.你看起来很累，别再熬夜了。 stay the night意为“过夜”，。如: I stayed the night at a friends house. =I stayed at a friends house from one day to the next.我在一个朋友家里过夜。 ( 3 ) stay作名词，意为“停留，逗留(时间)”。女口: I enjoyed my stay in Beijin

42、g.我在北京逗留期间过得很愉快。 4. If you like to swim, remember you shouldnt swim alone.如果你喜欢游泳，记住不要单独去游。 (1)should为情态动词，意为“应该”，是提建议的一种说法。如:You should see a doctor if you are ill.如果你生病了，就要去看医生。 ( 2 ) alone此处为副词，意为“单独地”，表示独自一人。如:He likes to take a walk alone after dinner.晚饭后他喜欢单独外出散步。【拓展】alone还可做形容词，意为“独自的”。一般只用在系

43、动词后做表语。如:Jane is alone in the classroom, while the other students are having P.E. lesson outside.简独自一个在教室里，而其他学生都在外面上体育课。【比较】alone与lonely的区别lonely只能做形容词，既可以形容人，意为“孤独的，寂寞的”，也可以形容物，意为“孤零零的”，还可以形容地方，意为“荒凉的，人迹罕至的”。如:Jane feels lonely at the school because she has no friends at all.简在学校里感到很孤独，因为她根本就没有朋友。

44、Luobupo was a very lonely place, but now workers are building railways there.罗布泊过去是一个人迹罕至的地方，但现在工人们正在那里建铁路。Section D 1. How are you doing你好吗? How are you doing?不仅限于询问健康状况，还包括更广泛的内容，比如:工作、生活等。 【衔接】How are you?你身体好吗? 这个问候语一般只询问身体状况。 2. I arrived there by plane with my family on May 3rd.五月三日我和我的家人乘飞机抵达

45、那里(四川)。 arrive为不及物动词，意为“到达，抵达”，后常接介词in或at, in后接大地方，at后接小地方。若arrive后接地点副词，则不需要介词。如: When did you arrive in the USA? 你什么时候到美国的? Tom arrives at school at eight. 汤姆8点钟到达学校。 They got home at 6:00 in the afternoon.他们下午6点钟到家。 【链接】get为不及物动词，意为“到达”，后面跟表示地点的名词前必须加介词to。若get后接地点副词，则不用加介词。如: We got to Shanghai a

46、t 12:00 yesterday.昨天我们12点到达上海。 They got there at last.他们终于到了那里。 3. People there were very friendly and helped us find our way.那里的人们十分友好，还帮我们指路。 friendly为形容词，意为“友好的;和蔼可亲的”。其反义词为unfriendly“不友好的”。如: The shop owner is very friendly.这家店主很友好。 【藉裹】(1)be friendly to sb.意为“对某人友好”，相当于be kind to sb.。如: Our tea

47、chers are friendly to us.我们的老师对我们很友好。 (2)be friendly with sb.意为“与某人要好”。如: The students in my class are friendly with each other.我班上的学生关系都很要好。 4. Please give my love to your parents.请代我向你父母问好。 这个句子也可说成Please give my best wishes/regards to your parents，其中wishes和regards要用复数。Topic 3 Lets celebrate!Secti

48、on A 1. It means the end of the Spring Festival. On this day, people eat sweet dumplings for good luck, watch lantern shows and guess riddles on lanterns.它意味着春节的结束。这一天，人们吃汤圆以求好兆头，赏花灯、猜灯谜。 （1）sweet dumplings意为“汤圆，元宵”，一种中国传统食物。sweet adj. 意为“含糖的，甜的;令人愉快的，a cup of sweet tea 一杯加糖热茶too much sweet is bad f

49、or your teeth.吃太多的甜食对你的牙齿不好。做名词时，意为“糖果，甜点”。如：Would you like some more sweet? 你想再吃点甜点吗？ ( 2 ) luck n.意为“运气”，无复数。如: Good luck (to you)!(祝你)好运! 【拓展】lucky adj.意为“幸运的，走好运的”。如: I am a lucky man.我是一个幸运的人。 lucky的反义词是unlucky(不幸运的)。如: Some people seem to be always unlucky一些人似乎永远是不幸的。 luckily adv.意为“幸运地，幸亏”。如:

50、 Luckily, he caught the early bus.他很幸运地赶上了早班车。 2. Families in America get together for a big dinner.在美国，全家人聚在一起大吃一顿。Get together意为“聚集，聚会”，为动词短语。如:They get together for a good time他们聚集到一起玩。 【链接】get-together n. 意为“聚会”。如: We are going to have our big family get-together next week.我们计划下星期举行一个大的家庭聚会。 3.

51、Many people believe Christ came back to life on Easter Day.很多人相信耶稣在复活节复活。 (1)believe意为“相信;认为真实”。如: I dont believe you!我不相信你的话! 【比较】believe和believe in believe指相信某人说的话，强调人或事的真实性。如: I believed his lies for many years.我很多年都将他的谎言信以为真。 believe in指信赖某人，也指信仰某宗教等。如: We believe in him because he is always car

52、eful with everything.我们信任他因为他做什么事情都很认真。 Do you believe in God?你相信有上帝吗? (2)come back to life意为“复苏”。如: Everything comes back to life in spring.春天万物复苏。Section B 1. Before Christmas Day, people are busy preparing for it.在圣诞节之前，人们忙着为圣诞做准备。 (1)be busy(in) doing sth.意为“忙于做某事”。如: Mr. Brown is busy(in) getti

53、ng ready for his trip.布朗先生忙于准备他的旅行。 【链接】be busy with sth.意为“忙于某事”，如: My father is busy with his work.我的爸爸忙于工作。 (2)prepare for sth.意为“为某事做好准备”，for的宾语不是准备的直接内容，而是准备(某人、某事、某物)的目的。如: They are preparing for the performance this evening. 他们在为今晚的演出作准备。 【比较】prepare sth.意为“把某事准备好”( =get sth. ready )，其宾语为所准备的

54、直接内容。如: Miss Li is preparing the new lesson.李老师在准备新课。 试比较: The students are preparing for the exam. 学生们正在准备考试。(指学生们做好准备来应考) The teacher is preparing the exam. 老师在准备考试。(指老师为考试做准备工作) 2. They go shopping, clean their houses, give Christmas cards to their friends and decorateChristmas trees with colorfu

55、l lights, balls, stars and so on.他们购物，打扫房间，把圣诞卡送给他们的朋友，并且用彩灯、彩球、星星等来装饰圣诞树。 (1)decorate:.意为“装饰，修饰”。如: They are decorating the house.他们正在装饰房子。 【拓展】decoration n.意为“装饰，布景装饰品”。 Christmas decorations圣诞节装饰物 ( 2 ) colorful adj.意为“多色的，鲜艳的”。如: They are wearing colorful clothes他们穿着鲜艳的衣服。 3. On Christmas Eve, t

56、he night of December 24th, families often go to church and sing Christmas songs. Children put up stockings by the fireplaces or at the end of their beds before they go to bed.在圣诞节前夕(12月24日晚)，全家人经常去做礼拜，还要唱圣诞颂歌。孩子们在睡觉前把袜子挂在火炉旁或床尾。 ( 1 ) go to church意为“去做礼拜”,go to the church去教堂(可能做礼拜，也可能做其他事情)。类似的用法还有:

57、go to school去上学，go to the school去学校，go to hospital去看病，go to the hospital去医院。 ( 2 ) put up意为“挂起，搭起”。如: They are putting up the picture on the wall.他们正在把画挂到墙上。 ( 3 ) by the fire place介词by在这儿相当于close to或next to 0 4. On the morning of Christmas Day, children always get up very early and open the present

58、s in the stockings.圣诞节的早晨，孩子们总是起得很早并打开袜子里的礼物。 open意为“打开”，在句中为动词，反义词为close。如: Please open the door.请打开门。 Would you please close the windows? Its too cold.你能把窗户关了吗?太冷了。 【拓展】(1 ) open adj.意为“开放的，敞开的”，反义词为closed。如: The flowers are all open now.花现在都开了。 The shop was closed yesterday.这家商店昨天不营业。 ( 2 ) open

59、n.意为“户外;野外”。如: Children need to play out in the open air.孩子需要到户外玩耍。 5. They think the presents must be from Santa Claus!他们认为礼物一定是圣诞老人送的! Santa Claus圣诞老人，又称Father Christmas。 圣诞老人在美式英语中为Santa Claus，在英式英语中则为Father Christmas。圣诞老人是西方国家老幼皆知的典型形象，是圣人与神灵的结合体，是仁爱与慷慨的代名词。一般认为圣诞老人是个留着银白色胡须的和蔼可亲的老人。他头戴红色尖帽，身穿白皮

60、袖边、白皮领子的大红袍，腰间扎着一条宽布带。传说圣诞老人在圣诞夜驾着八只集鹿拉着载满礼品的雪橇从北方雪国来到各家，由屋顶的烟囱下来，经过壁炉到房间内，把糖果、玩具等礼品装进孩子们挂在壁炉弯处或床尾上的袜子里。Section C 1. In China, the Spring Festival is a big event. People usually start preparing for the festival one month before it comes.在中国，春节是一大盛事。人们在一个月前就开始为节日作准备。 (1)event n.意为“事件，大事，尤指重要事情”。如: Th

61、e program reviewed the most important events of 1985.这一节目回顾了1985年的最重大的事件。 【拓展】event作名词时，亦可指“(体育运动的)比赛项目”。如: The next event will be the 100 metres race.下一个比赛项目是100米赛跑。 (2)start v.意为“(使)开始，着手，动手”，与begin意义相同。其常见搭配为start doing sth. (=begin doing sth.) /start to do sth. (=begin to do sth.)。如: It started(

62、=began) raining/ to rain.开始下雨了。 We start working (=to work) at 8:30 every morning. 我们每天早上8点半开始工作。 【注意】start/begin在以下三种情况接不定式，不接动名词: 主语为物时，如:A strong wind started to blow.开始刮大风了。 动词start/begin是进行时，如: My mother is starting to prepare the lunch.我妈妈开始准备午餐。 start/begin后接动词不定式来表达内心作用时，如:I start to underst

63、and him.我开始理解他了。 【拓展】(1)start，为动词时，主要还有以下一些用法: (使)出现，发起，创办。如: Ann started a yoga class at work.安在工作单位里创办了一个瑜伽学习班。 出发，动身。如: Its a long trip. Well have to start(out/off) early and start back home in the afternoon.路程很远。我们必须早早出发，下午就动身回家。 (从)开始，(由)起，后一般接副词或介词。如: The word life starts with 1.单词life以字母1开头。

64、(使)开始运作，(使)发动，启动。如: The car cant start.汽车发动不了。 ( 2 ) start n.意为“开头，开端”。常见搭配为。At the start(of.)，与at the beginning(of.)同义。如: Things didnt look too hopeful at the start of the year.在年初，情况显得并不十分有希望。 2. On the eve of the festival, the family all get together for a big dinner.在除夕，全家聚在一起吃一顿丰盛的年夜饭。 on the e

65、ve of意为“在(重大事件等发生的)前夕”。on the eve of the festival除夕(中国人的年三十晚上，习惯称为除夕，有“旧岁到此而除，来年另换新岁”的意思，是农历全年最后一个晚上，也叫大年夜)。 3. They stay up and enjoy dumplings at midnight for good luck.为了有好的运气，全家人熬夜在午夜吃饺子。 stay up意为“熬夜，不去睡觉”。如: You look tired. Dont stay up any more.你看起来很累，别再熬夜了。 4. Then we knocked on our neighbor

66、s doors and shouted, Trick or treat!”然后我们敲开邻居们的门并大声喊:“是请客还是要我们捣乱!” ( 1 ) knock on意为“敲”，相当于knock at。如: I knock on/at the door, and it opens.我敲了敲门，然后门开了。 【拓展】knock sb. down(=knock sb. over)意为“打倒(或击倒、撞倒)某人”。如:Julie was knocked down by a bus.朱莉被一辆公共汽车撞倒在地。 knock sth. down意为“推倒(或拆掉、拆毁)建筑物”。如: These old h

67、ouses are going to he knocked down.这些旧房子要拆了。 knock into sb.意为“撞上某人”。如: Someone was standing too close and I knocked into him.有人站得太近，我就撞在他身上了。 (2)shout v.意为“叫，嚷，。 【拓展】shout to sb.意为“向某人喊话，。女口: The policeman shouted to the driver, Stop!警察向司机大声喊“停车!” shout at sb.意为“冲某人喊(有叫骂的含义)”。如: The woman shouted at

68、 the man angrily.那位妇女生气地向那位男士喊着。 (3)trick or treat意为“恶作剧还是请客”。万圣节前夕儿童挨家索要糖果时的用语。 treat n.意为“款待，请客”。如: This is my treat.我来请客。 【拓展】 treat:意为“治疗，医疗，强调治疗的动作，不涉及治疗的结果”。如: They are trying their best to treat her.他们正设法为她治病。 treat v.意为“对待，看待”。如: The villagers treat the old people well.村民们对老人照顾得很周到。Section D

69、 1. People enjoy a one-day holiday. They often go shopping or traveling.人们享受一天的假期。他们常常去购物或旅游。 a one-day holiday意为“一天的假期”，one-day是由“数同+连字符号+单数名词”构成的合成词，相当于一个形容词，修饰后面的名词holiday。如: Jack is a five-year-old boy. (=Jack is a boy of five years old.)杰克是个五岁的男孩。 2. On this day, people have dragon boat races i

70、n many places and eat zongzi to remember Qu Yuan.这一天在许多地方，人们赛龙舟、吃粽子来纪念屈原。 race n.意为“速度比赛，赛跑”。如: a ten-mile race十英里赛跑 a horse race赛马 【拓展】race作动词时，有以下常见用法: (1)和比速度。如: Ill race you to the end of the road.我和你比赛,看谁先跑到这条路的尽头。 (2)(使)快速移动。如: We raced the sick woman to hospital.我们急忙把这生病的妇女送往医院。 3. In Beijing

71、, many people go to Tiananmen Square to watch the national flag go up.在北京，许多人去天安门广场观看升国旗仪式。 (1)watch sth. /sb. do sth.意为“观看/注视某物/某人做某事，强调事情的全过程或经常性和重复性”。如: I often watch them play basketball on the playground.我常常看见他们在操场上打篮球。 watch sb. doing sth.意为“观看/注视某人正在干某事，强调事情正在发生”。如: We watched the sun setting behind the trees.我们看着太阳落到树丛的后面。 (2)go up意为“上升”，反义词是go down意为“下降。降低”。如: Prices are going up.物价正在上升。 Prices are going down.物价正在下降。