初中英语七年级上册必背基础知识整理.docx

1、七年级英语上册必背基础知识一、一个星期七天Sunday Monday Tuesday Wednesday Thursday Friday Saturday二、一年十二个月January February March April May JuneJuly August September October November December三、一年四季1.spring 2.summer 3.autumn 4.winter四、容易拼写错的数字1.eighth第八 2.ninth第九 3.forty四十 4.twelfth第十二 5.twentieth第二十五、亲属称呼1.daughter (女儿)

2、2.niece (女性晚辈) 3.nephew (男性晚辈) 4.cousin (同辈兄弟姐妹) 5.aunt (女性长辈) 6.uncle (男性长辈)六、以下动词加-ed或-ing要双写最后一个字母1.regret (regretted, regretting) 后悔 2.control (controlled, controlling) 控制3.admit (admitted, admitting) 承认 4.occur (occurred, occurring) 出现5.prefer (preferred, preferring) 宁愿 6.refer (referred, refer

3、ring) 提到7.forget (forgetting ) 忘记 8.permit (permitted, permitting)允许9.equip (equipped, equipping) 装备注意：quarrel, signal, travel中的l可双写（英国英语）也可不双写（美国英语）七、部分过去式和过去分词不规则变化的动词1.broadcast (broadcast, broadcast) 广播 2.flee (fled, fled) 逃跑3.forbid (forbade, forbidden) 禁止 4.forgive (forgave, forgiven) 原谅5.free

4、ze (froze, frozen) 结冰 6.hang (作“绞死”讲，是规则的；作“悬挂”讲，其过去式过去分词都是hung)7.lie lied lied 说谎; lielay-lain躺下 lay-laid- laid 放置 8.seek (sought, sought) 寻求9.shake (shook, shaken) 发抖 10.sing (sang, sung) 唱歌11.sink (sank, sunk/sunken) 下沉 12.spread (spread, spread) 传播13.swim (swam, swum) 游泳 14.tear (tore, torn) 撕碎1

5、6.wear( wore; worn) 穿/戴 17.hold (held, held ) 18.make (made, made) 19.keep (kept, kept)八、意思相近的词1.check （核对）/ examine(检查)/ test（测试） 2.receive（收到） / accept（接受）3.destroy （毁坏；毁灭）/ damage（破坏） 4.celebrate(庆祝)/ congratulate（祝贺）5.wear sth / dress sb 穿衣九、注意形容词变名词时的拼写变化1.longlength 长度 2.widewidth 宽度 3.highhei

6、ght 高度 4.strongstrength力量以-ic结尾的动词，应先把-ic变为-ick，再加ing或edpicnic (picnicked, picnicking) 野餐十、个别名词的复数拼写1.German (Germans) 德国人 2.gulf (gulfs) 海湾3.handkerchief (handkerchiefs) 手帕roof (roofs) 房顶4.hero (英雄)，potato (土豆)，tomato (西红柿) 等有生命的以-o结尾的名词变复数时要加-es。十一、注意动词变名词时的拼写变化1.succeedsuccess成功 2.pronouncepronun

7、ciation 发音 3 .explainexplanation解释4.decidedecision 决定 5.enterentrance进入 6.permitpermission 允许7.considerconsideration 考虑 8.expectexpectation 期待 9.discoverdiscovery 发现10.buryburial 埋葬 11.concludeconclusion 得出结论 12.arrivearrival 到达13.weighweight 重量 14.describedescription 描述 15.loseloss 损失16.anxious-anxiety 焦虑十二、注意形容词变副词时的拼写变化1.beautiful美丽的beautifully 2.possible可能的possibly3.practical实际的practically 4.particular特别的particularly5.successful成功的successfully