2014年高二英语（人教版选修7）教学精品课件：UNIT1 PERIOD Ⅲ.ppt

1、教师用书独具演示教学目标重点词汇的理解与语法的掌握。1熟记学案中所列出的单词和短语。2通过学案中所给出的重点单词和重点短语的学习，让学生能够正确理解和使用这些单词和短语，能够运用这些词语造句。3通过对语法的教学让学生能够理解并能够运用这些语法知识，体会并复习动词不定式的用法和含义。教学地位语法是学生感到比较难以掌握的东西。让学生正确理解和掌握语法知识是让学生学好英语的关键，所以应给学生创设一个语境，让学生理解该语法的应用，而不要让学生死记硬背语法条文，应从理解的基础上去运用这些语法。新课导入建议通过对学生作业的检查导入本堂新课。演示结束1never mind 不用担心Never mind.(教

2、材P3)不必担心。Never mind，next time Im sure you can do better.没关系，我相信你下次一定会做得好些。Weve missed the train！我们错过火车了。Never mind，therell be another in ten minutes.不要紧，过十分钟又有一趟。常用于口语中，用来表示安慰时，意为“不必担心，不要紧，没关系”。用来谢绝别人的提供，意为：不用啦；别费事啦。用来回答道歉，意为：没关系；没什么。用来否定某一想法或提议等，意为：算了；没什么。Can I help you with it?要我帮你做这事吗？Never mind.

3、别费心啦。Sorry to have kept you waiting.对不起，让你久等了。Never mind.没关系。Do you still want to go to see him?你还想去看他吗？Never mind.算了，不去了。【提示】never mind 是习语，它不能改为“dont mind”。【教师备课资源】后接名词、代词、从句等，表示“不用管；别介意；别理会；更不用说”等。Never mind him；hes not serious.别介意，他是说着玩的。Never mind who told me；thats of no importance.不用管是谁告诉我的，那无

4、关紧要。How would he find the time?Never mind the money.他怎么能找到时间来做这事？那就更别提钱了。【对接高考】(2012山东高考)Sorry Im late.I got stuck in traffic.Youre here now.Come in and sit down.AYou are welcomeBThats rightCI have no idea DNever mind【解析】句意：对不起，我来晚了。我遇到交通堵塞了。没关系。现在你来了，进来坐下吧。you are welcome不客气，不用谢，是对答谢的回答用语；thats rig

5、ht是的，对，没错，不符合语境；I have no idea我不知道，与语境不符；never mind没关系，不要紧，是对道歉的回答用语，符合语境，故选D。【答案】D2resign v.辞职；辞去(工作、职位等)Wilberforce then resigned from government in 1825 and died in 1833.威尔伯福斯1825年从政府辞职，1833年去世。In order to look after her sick mother，Mary decided to resign her position as a manager in the company.

6、为了照顾生病的母亲，Mary决定辞去公司经理的职务。I resign my children to your care.我把孩子们委托你来照顾。resign ones position as 辞去作为职务resign office辞职resign oneself to听任(某种影响)；只好(做某事)resign.to.把托付给resign from 从辞职Mender resigned from office.曼德辞职了。In no situation，shall we resign ourselves to our fate.在任何情况下，我们都不能听天由命。They resigned th

7、emselves to being defeated.他们只好认输。My ambition is to work for a firm that develops computer software when I grow up.I have a very busy life with no time to sit around feeling sorry for myself.自我总结1动词不定式是由“动词原形”构成(有时可以省略to)。动词不定式的否定形式是“to do”。2动词不定式在句子中不能充当，没有和的变化。3动词不定式具有、和等的功能，可在句中作多种句子成分。4动词不定式具有动词

8、的特点，可以有自己的和，构成动词不定式短语。【答案】1.to；not2.谓语；人称；数3.名词；形容词；副词4.宾语；状语二、不定式的否定式不定式的否定式的构成通常是将否定词not或never置于不定式之前，即构成not to do 或never to do 的形式。注意not和never一定要放在不定式符号to的前面，而不是其后面。The doctor advised me not to smoke.医生劝我不要抽烟。Father warned me never to drive after drinking.父亲警告我不要酒后开车。【提示】so as to do sth.和in order

9、 to do sth.的否定式对于这两个结构的否定式，通常是将否定词置于不定式符号to之前，而不是置于整个结构之前或其他位置：Study hard so as not to fail the exam.努力学习，以免考试不及格。He came in quietly in order not to wake his wife.他轻轻进来，以免把他妻子吵醒。三、不定式的时态与语态不定式时态与语态的基本形式(以do为例)主 动 语 态被 动 语 态一般式to doto be done进行式to be doing无完成式to have doneto have been done完成进行式to have

10、 been doing无1.不定式一般式的用法(1)表示将来，即表示发生在谓语动作之后的动作We decided to leave early.我们决定早点动身。We expect him to come in time.我们希望他能及时来。(2)表示与谓语动作同时发生或略先于谓语动作的动作He seems to be tired.他似乎累了。Who heard him say that?是谁听到他这样说的？2不定式进行式的用法(1)表示与谓语动作同时发生且正在进行的动作He seems to be saying something.他似乎在说什么。He is thought to be hi

11、ding in the woods.人们认为他躲在林子里。(2)正如可用进行时态表示将来意义一样，不定式的进行式有时也可表示将来He was happy to be coming home.就要回家了，他感到很高兴。The old man seems to be dying.这老人似乎要死了。3不定式完成式的用法(1)表示发生在谓语动作之前的动作He seems to have caught a cold.他似乎感冒了。Im sorry to have given you so much trouble.对不起给你带来这么多麻烦。(2)表示在某个给定的时间之前已完成的动作I hope to h

12、ave finished the work by now.我希望在这之前已完成这项工作。(3)表示过去未实现的想法和愿望I should like to have come earlier.我本想早点来的。We were to have been married last year.我们本来打算去年结婚的。4不定式完成进行式的用法表示在谓语动作之前一直在进行的动作You seem to have been writing very long.你好像已经写了很久了。The battle was said to have been going on for two days.据说战斗已经进行两天了

13、。5不定式被动语态的用法不定式到底用主动形式还是被动形式，往往取决于句子的意思，即意思上为主动就用主动形式，意思上为被动就用被动形式：It remains to be seen whether you are right.你是否正确，以后见分晓。Im pleased to have been given this opportunity.给了我这次机会我很高兴。四、不定式的句法功能1作主语To see is to believe.眼见为实。To talk with him is a great pleasure.和他谈话是一件非常愉快的事。【提示】为了避免头重脚轻，在许多情况下，通常都将作主语

14、的不定式置于句子后部，而在句首使用的主语位置使用形式主语it。Its very important to remember this.记住这一点很重要。Its a pity to leave so early.这么早走太遗憾。2作表语He seems to be ill.他似乎有病。Her wish is to be a teacher.她的愿望就是当一名教师。【提示】不定式作表语主要有三种情况，一是用于seem，appear，prove，turn out等连系动词之后的不定式(尤其是to be)；二是像My job is to sweep the floor(我的工作就是擦地板)这样的主语与

15、表语“等价”的情形；三是表示想法、约定、义务、命令、可能性、命运等。We are to meet at the station at three.我约定3点钟在车站见面。(表约定)How are we to convince him?我们怎么能说服他呢？(表可能性)You are to come when I call.叫你来的时候，你必须来。(表命令)3作宾语I cant afford to buy a car.我买不起汽车。I like swimming，but I dont like to swim this afternoon.我喜欢游泳，但我今天下午不想游泳。Promise not

16、to tell anyone.你要保证不告诉别人。【速记口诀】接不定式作宾语的动词三个希望两答应，两个要求莫拒绝；设法学会做决定，不要假装在选择。【妙语诠释】三 个 希 望 两 答 应：hope，wish，want，agree，promise两个要求莫拒绝：demand，ask，refuse设法学会做决定：manage，learn，decide不要假装在选择：pretend，choose4作宾语补足语He warned me not to touch it.他警告我不要触碰它。What caused him to change his mind?什么使他改变主意的？【提示】通常可带不定式作宾语

17、补足语的动词：advise，allow，ask，bear，beg，cause，command，encourage，expect，forbid，force，get，hate，help，intend，invite，leave，like，mean，need，oblige，order，permit，persuade，prefer，request，remind，teach，tell，trouble，want，warn，wish等。He didnt allow the students to go there.他没让学生们去那儿。I tried to persuade him to leave，but h

18、e wouldnt listen.我想劝他离开，可他不听。5作定语I have a question to ask you.我有一个问题要问你。He is not a man to tell a lie.他不是个说谎的人。6作状语不定式作状语可以表示多种关系(如目的、结果、原因、条件等)：I went to France to learn French.我到法国去学法语。(表目的)He returned home to find his wife waiting for him.他回到家发现他的妻子在等他。(表结果)You would make a great mistake to accep

19、t his offer.你要是接受他的建议，你就犯了大错误。(表条件)We are proud to be members of this team.作为这个队的队员我们感到很自豪。(表原因)He opened his mouth as if to say something.他张开嘴，好像要说什么。(表方式)五、省略to的若干情况1使役动词后省to的情况在let，make，have等使役动词后用作宾语补足语的不定式必须省略to。My mother wouldnt let me go to the film.我妈妈不会让我去看电影的。I dont like milk，but she made

20、me drink it.我不喜欢牛奶，可是她强迫我喝。【提示】当使役动词用于被动语态时，要补上在主动语态中省略的to(主要是指make，let和have很少用于被动语态)。2感官动词后省to的情况在感官动词后用作宾语补足语的不定式必须省略to，这里所说的感官动词主要包括see，hear，observe，notice，feel，watch等。I saw the woman enter a bank.我看见这个女人进了一家银行。We often hear her sing this song.我们经常听到她唱这首歌。【提示】但是它们用于被动语态时，则其后的不定式必须带to。The woman wa

21、s seen to enter a bank.有人看见这个女人进了一家银行。3动词help后省to的情况在动词help后用作宾语或宾语补足语的不定式可以不带to。Can I help(to)carry this heavy box?我可以帮忙扛这个重箱子吗？Mother helped me(to)do my homework.妈妈帮助我做作业。【速记口诀】不定式作宾语补足语时省to的动词一感，二听，三让，四看，半帮助【妙语诠释】一感：feel；二听：hear，listen to；三让：make，let，have；四看：see，notice，watch，observe；半帮助：help。4why

22、(not).后省to的情况在why(not).？之后的不定式不能带to。Why go with him?为什么要同他一起去？Why not ask the teacher?为什么不去问问老师？5介词except和but后省to的情况用作介词except，but宾语的不定式有时带to，有时不带to。其大致原则是：若其前出现了动词 do，其后的不定式通常不带 to；若其前没有出现动词 do，则其后的不定式通常带 to。I had no choice but to wait.除了等，我没有别的选择。He wanted nothing but to stay there.他只想留在那儿。It had

23、no effect except to make him angry.除惹他生气外，没产生任何效果。She can do everything except cook.除了做饭之外她什么都会。6主语带do表语省to的情况当主语部分有动词do的某种形式时，用作表语的不定式可以省略to。All you do now is(to)complete the form.你现在要做的只是把这张表填好。What Ill do is(to)tell her the truth.我要做的就是告诉他真相。7并列不定式省to的情况当两个或多个作用相同的不定式并列时，通常只需在第一个不定式前用to，其余不定式前的to

24、可以省略。He told me to stay there and wait him.他叫我在那儿等他。It is easier to persuade people than(to)force them.说服人容易，强迫人难。【提示】如果两者有对比关系，则后面不定式前的to不可省略：To try and fail is better than not to try at all.尝试而失败总比不尝试好。8省略不定式是否保留to在一定的上下文中，为了避免重复，有时不定式可以省略，但通常保留不定式符号to。I shall go if I want to.如果我想去就去。Dont go till

25、I tell you to.等我叫你走你再走。【提示】若被省略的不定式为to be短语，则通常应保留be。He is not the man he used to be.他已不是原来的那个样子了。六、“疑问词不定式”结构1该结构的句法功能“疑问词不定式”主要用作宾语We must think what to do.我们必须考虑怎么办。I cant decide whom to invite.我不能决定该邀请谁。He had no idea of how to do it.他不知道如何做此事。除用作宾语外，还可用作主语、表语等When to leave has not been decided.

26、何时离开还没有决定。The question is how to find him.问题是如何找到他。2“how不定式”结构有些动词后接“how不定式”作宾语时，how可省略。Did you learn(how)to drive a car?你学过开车吗？但是，有些动词后面接“疑问词how不定式”作宾语时，尽管其中的how在汉语中无需译出，但却不能将how省略。He knows how to play the piano.他会弹钢琴。He showed her how to swim.他教她游泳。Soon youll find out how to drive a car.不久你就会学会开车的

27、。We never discovered how to open the box.我们一直未发现如何打开这个盒子。Can you explain how to make a cake?你可以给我解释一下怎么做蛋糕吗？【速记口诀】动词不定式不定式有标记，to与动词连一起。没有人称数变化，动词特点它具备。主宾定状表补语，唯独作谓不可以。not加上不定式，否定结构要牢记。疑问词与不定式，构成短语有意义。仔细推敲多思考，准确判断有依据。.单项填空1(2013北京高考)Volunteering gives you a chancelives,including your own.AchangeBchan

28、gingCchanged Dto change【解析】题干的意思是：志愿者工作给了你改变生活的机会，包括你自己的。a chance to do sth.“做某事的机会”。如果用动词的ing形式作定语，需借助于介词of，a chance of doing sth.“做某事的机会”，所以正确答案为D项。要注意常见的接动词不定式作定语的名词，如chance，ability，way等。【答案】D2(2013湖南高考)warm at night,I would fill the woodstove,then set my alarm clock for midnight so I could refil

29、l it.AStaying BStayedCTo stay DStay【解析】题干的意思是：“晚上为了取暖，我会填满柴炉，然后为闹钟定时以便半夜里能起来再添一次。”根据语境可知此处用动词不定式作目的状语，故答案为C。为了突出目的，通常把目的状语置于句首。【答案】C3(2013山东高考)I stopped the car a short break as I was feeling tired.Atake BtakingCto take Dtaken【解析】句意：因为我感到累了，我停下车休息了一小会儿。此处用不定式短语作目的状语。【答案】C4The message is very importa

30、nt,so it is supposedas soon as possible.Ato be sent Bto sendCbeing sent Dsending【解析】考查不定式语态。be supposed to do sth.“应该做某事”。不定式的逻辑主语it和send之间是被动关系，故用不定式的被动语态形式。句意：这条信息很重要，所以它应该尽可能快地被送去。【答案】A5(2012北 京 高 考)Birds singing is sometimes a warning to other birds away.Ato stay BstayingCstayed Dstay【解析】句意：鸟的歌声

31、有的时候是警告其他鸟与之保持距离。本题考查非谓语动词作定语。warning后通常跟不定式作定语，表示“的警告”，故A项为正确答案。【答案】A6Because of his serious illness the manager had to from his position.Aresign BdesignCsign Dleave【解析】resign from.意为“从退位”；design意为“设计”；sign意为“签名，签字”。【答案】A7Sorry，I made a mistake again.Practice more and youll succeed.ANever mind BCer

32、tainly notCNot at all DDont mention it【解析】答语句意：别担心！多加练习，你就会成功。never mind意为“不要紧，别担心”；certainly not意为“当然不可以”；not at all意为“一点也不”；dont mention it意为“别客气”。【答案】A8Do tell me the ways you think of the problem as soon as possible.Asolving Bto solveCsolve Dbeing solved【解析】you think of为定语从句，修饰ways；此处不定式to solve

33、 the problem也作定语，修饰ways。【答案】B9(2012陕西高考)If he takes on this work，he will have no choice but an even greater challenge.Ameets BmeetingCmeet Dto meet【解析】句意：如果他接下这个工作，他将别无选择只能迎接更大的挑战。本题考查非谓语动词在特定语境中的使用。题干中have no choice but to do为常用结构，故选择D项。【答案】D10I did nothing all day but to my friend who I havent see

34、n for almost a year.Awrite Bto writeCwrote Dwriting【解析】B为干扰项，but或except后的不定式是否省略to，取决于在它之前有无do的形式，有则省略，无则不省。由题干“I did nothing”中did知but后省略不定式符号“to”，故选A。【答案】A.完成句子1The boys are warned(不要在街上踢足球)2(教三个孩子)is my job this afternoon.3(为了上大学)，we can do nothing but study hard(刻苦学习)4He often pretends(懂得了自己不懂的东西

35、)5She is often heard (用英语唱这首歌)6I am sorry I cant help (为你搬运箱子)7I have no choice but(努力学习)8He is said (曾经坐过十年牢)9The girl has many toys(用来玩)10(怎样解决这个问题)is important.【答案】1.not to play football in the street2.To teach the three children3.In order to go to college4.to know what he doesnt know5.to sing the song in English6.carry the box for you7.to study hard8.to have been in prison for 10 years9.to play with 10How to solve the problem