江苏省海门中学2020-2021学年高二英语下学期期中试题（含解析）.doc

1、江苏省海门中学2020-2021学年高二英语下学期期中试题（含解析）第一部分听力(共两节，满分30分)第一节(共5小题;每小题1.5分，满分7.5分)听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。1. When does the conversation take place?A. In the morning.B. At noon.C. In the evening.2. What are the speakers discussing?A. The

2、 place for lunch.B. Their dinner plans.C. The womans breakfast.3. Why is the woman upset?A. She is laughed at by her neighbor.B. She is misunderstood by her neighbor.C. She is worried about her neighbor.4. Where will the speakers probably go tonight?A. To the restaurant.B. To the supermarket.C. To t

3、he cinema.5. How does the woman probably feel right now?A. Panic.B. Relief.C. Excitement.第二节(共15小题;每小题1.5分，满分22.5分)听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前,你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟;听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。听下面一段对话，回答第6和7题。6. Where are the speakers probably?A. At home.B. At

4、 a restaurant.C. At Susans house.7. Who is Susan probably?A. Mrs. Johnsons sister.B. A babysitter.C. A waitress.听下面一段对话，回答第8和9题。8. What is the probable relationship between the two speakers?A. Husband and wife.B. Waiter and customer.C. Boss and employee. .9. How many people have meal together?A. Two

5、.B. Three.C. Four.听下面一-段对话，回答第10至12题。10. What is the conversation mainly about?A. What gifts to buy for families.B. How to celebrate Thanksgiving.C. What to eat at the dinner party.11. Where will the woman spend her Thanksgiving?A. At her home.B. At her mothers.C. At the mans. 12. What food is more

6、popular in the womans family?A. Mashed potatoes.B. Fruit salads.C. Pumpkin pie.听下面一段对话，回答第13至16题。13. Who is the man?A. A reporter.B. A student.C. A teacher.14. How did the man know about the woman?A. From his chemistry teacher. B. From a popular magazine. C. From his friends.15. What does the man in

7、vite the woman to do?A. Watch a short movie.B. Have a boat trip.C. Visit his room.16. What is the similarity between the speakers?A. They are unfamiliar with the campus.B. They both know the short cuts here.C. They are good at reading maps,听下面一段独白，回答第17至20题。17. What is the speech mainly about?A. How

8、 to make good impressions.B. How first impressions are formed.C. How to avoid bad first impressions.18. Which makes up the most percentage?A. How you look.B. How you sound.C. What you say.19. How long do people get first impressions?A. Within 7 seconds.B. Within 10 seconds.C. Within 17 seconds.20. W

9、hat can we learn from the speech?A. First impressions cant be changed easily.B. What you say is more important than how you sound.C. Its not so hard to change the wrong impression.第二部分阅读 (共两节，满分50分)第一节(共15小题;每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。AFrom this issue, we explore why the Search

10、 for Extraterrestrial Intelligence (SETI) Institute hasnt turned up anything since its founding in the 1980s. (See page 30 for more.) We asked our Facebook followers: Do you think that astronomers will find evidence of alien life in your lifetime?Loran McCormick: 1 think they already have it. Judgin

11、g by the sudden industrialization, I figure they found something thats probably been here since before humans walked the Earth.Jens Avery: We may find life, but it may not want anything to do with us. We are not very advanced and cant even get along with each other.Steven Buhrow: I think the more im

12、portant question is will any government ever publicly admit it in our lifetime? I fully believe that we could discover alien life today and the government would simply say the public is not ready for this information.Jenna Walsh: I think we already see it, but just dont realize what it is. Intellige

13、nt alien life probably doesnt want anything to do with the disaster that is Earth at this point, so no doubt theyre playing it safe and observing from a safe distance.Christopher Harvey: By alien life, do you mean intelligent alien life? Then no. It would be extremely hard to find, short of them com

14、ing down to Earth. But if you mean unintelligent alien life, like bacteria or single cell, we might.1. Why did we ask the Facebook followers the question?A. To question the efficiency of SETI.B. To confirm the appearance of aliens on earth.C. To ensure the existence of aliens.D. To complain about th

15、e failure to find aliens.2. Who doubts the ever visits of aliens to the earth?A. Loran McCormick.B. Steven Buhrow.C. Jenna Walsh.D. Christopher Harvey.3. Where does this text probably come from?A. An albumB. A science fiction.C. A magazineD. A travel guide.【答案】1. A 2. D 3. C【解析】【分析】本文是一篇议论文。文章主要是关于外

16、星人是否存在的讨论。【1题详解】推理判断题。根据文章第一段“From this issue, we explore why the Search for Extraterrestrial Intelligence (SETI) Institute hasnt turned up anything since its founding in the 1980s.(从这一期开始，我们就来探究为什么自上世纪80年代成立以来，外星智能探索研究所(SETI)一直没有发现任何东西)”可知，SETI这个项目上世纪80年代后就没有现身说法了，可推断，问Facebook的粉丝这个问题是质疑其是否取得进展。故选A

17、。【2题详解】细节理解题。根据Christopher Harvey的陈述“By alien life, do you mean intelligent alien life? Then no.(你说的外星生命，是指有智慧的外星生命吗？那么就是没有)”可知，Christopher Harvey否认了有智力的外星生物的存在。故选D。【3题详解】推理判断题。根据全文内容可知，这是一个问题和讨论，不会出现在专辑、科幻小说或者导游手册里，只可能出现在杂志上。故选C。BIn order to help discover spoilage(变质）and reduce food waste for super

18、markets and consumers,researchers have developed new low-cost,smart phone-linked, eco-friendly spoilage sensors for meat and fish packaging.One in three UK consumers throw away food just because it reaches the use-by date(保存期），but 60%(4.2 million tonnes)of the 12.5 billion-worth of food we throw awa

19、y each year is safe to eat.The researchers,whose findings were published in ACS Sensors,say the sensors could also eventually replace the use-by date-a widely used indicator of being fresh and eatable.The sensors cost two US cents each to make.Known aspaper-based electrical gas sensors(PEGS),they de

20、tect spoilage gases like ammonia(a poisonous gas with a strong unpleasant smell)in meat and fish products.The information provided by the electronic nose is received by a smart phone,and then you can know whether the food is fresh and safe to eat.The Imperial College London researchers who developed

21、 PEGS made the sensors by printing carbon electrodes(电极）onto a special type of paper.The materials are eco-friendly and harmless,so they dont damage the environment and are safe to use in food packaging.The sensors,combined with a tiny electronic system,then inform nearby mobile devices,which identi

22、fy and understand the data about spoilage gases.Lead author Dr Firat Guder,of Imperials Department of Bioengineering,said, Although theyre designed to keep us safe,use-by dates can lead to eatable food being thrown away.They dont always reflect its actual freshness.In fact,people often get sick from

23、 foodborne diseases due to poor storage,even when an item is within its use-by date.These sensors are cheap enough so we hope to see supermarkets using them within three years.Our goal is to use PEGS in food packaging to reduce unnecessary food waste.The authors hope that PEGS could have application

24、s beyond food processing,like sensing chemicals in agriculture,air quality,and detecting disease markers in breath like those involved in kidney disease.4. What is the function of PEGS according to the text?A. To improve the service of stores.B. To help supermarkets store foods.C. To improve the tas

25、te of food products.D. To help people test food freshness.5. What role does the smartphone play while PEGS are functioning?A. It acts as an electronic nose.B. It reads the data collected by PEGS.C. It discovers the spoilage gases from foods.D. It helps print the gas sensors onto paper.6. What does D

26、r Firat Guder say about use-by dates?A. They are not completely reliable.B. They can help reduce food waste.C. They are not accepted by consumers.D. They are based on scientific research.7. What does the author mainly talk about in the text?A. The process of researching spoilage sensors.B. A new tec

27、hnology in packaging to reduce food waste.C. Use-by dates influence on supermarkets and consumers.D. The application of spoilage sensors beyond food processing.【答案】4. D 5. B 6. A 7. B【解析】【分析】本文为科普类说明文。为了测定食物的新鲜度和减少食物浪费，研究人员开发了一种新的低成本智能和环保的肉类和鱼类包装变质传感器，希望它能很快地投入使用，并且应用于更广泛的领域。【4题详解】细节理解题。根据第一段In orde

28、r to help discover spoilage(变质）and reduce food waste for supermarkets and consumers,researchers have developed new low-cost,smart phone-linked, eco-friendly spoilage sensors for meat and fish packaging(为了帮助超市和消费者发现食物变质并减少食物浪费，研究人员开发了一种新的低成本、连接智能手机、环保的肉类和鱼类包装变质传感器)可知，PEGS是用来帮助人们测试食物的新鲜度减少食物浪费的，故选D。【5

29、题详解】细节理解题。根据第四段The information provided by the electronic nose is received by a smart phone,and then you can know whether the food is fresh and safe to eat(通过电子鼻提供的信息被智能手机接收，然后你就可以知道食物是否新鲜和安全。)可知智能手机会在PEGS运行时读取由它收集的数据，故选B。【6题详解】推理判断题。根据倒数第三段Although theyre designed to keep us safe,use-by dates can l

30、ead to eatable food being thrown away.They dont always reflect its actual freshness(虽然它们的设计是为了保护我们的安全，但食用日期可能导致可食用的食物被扔掉。它们并不总是反映真实的新鲜度)可知，Firat Guder博士认为，使用日期并不完全可靠，故选A。【7题详解】主旨大意题。通读全文，尤其第一段In order to help discover spoilage(变质）and reduce food waste for supermarkets and consumers,researchers have

31、developed new low-cost,smart phone-linked, eco-friendly spoilage sensors for meat and fish packaging.(为了帮助发现变质和减少超市和消费者的食品浪费，研究人员开发了新的低成本、连接智能电话、环保的肉类和鱼类包装变质传感器)可推断，本文介绍了一种新型减少食物浪费的包装变质传感新技术，有望取代靠使用日期来断定食物的新鲜度，故选B。CStarman, the dummy(仿真人) riding a cherry-red Tesla Roadster(特斯拉敞篷车) through space, has

32、 made his closest approach ever to Mars. The electric roadster and its passenger were attached to the top of a Falcon Heavy rocket during the SpaceX rockets first test launch on 6 February 2018.Two years later, the Falcon Heavy rocket and the vehicle at its tip are making their second trip around th

33、e Sun. Mr. McDowell, a Harvard astrophysicist, found that Starman passed 7.4 million kilometers from Mars at 06:25 GMT 7 October, 2020.The closest recent approach between the Earth and Mars was 56 million kilometers in 2003, though the planets are often hundreds of millions of miles apart depending

34、on where they are in their orbits. No one can see the Falcon Heavy rocket at its current distance, but orbits over periods of a few years are fairly straightforward to predict, and Mr. McDowell used data about how the rocket was moving when it left the Earths gravity behind to locate its recent move

35、ments exactly.Last time Starman circled the Sun, McDowell said, it crossed Mars orbit while the Red Planet was quite far away. But this time the crossing lined up with a fairly close approach, though still not close enough to feel a strong tug from Mars.At this point in time, if you were able to go

36、look at the Roadster, it would probably look pretty different. The strong solar radiation environment between the planets would probably have destroyed all the exposed organic materials.Without the Earths atmospheric and magnetic(磁场的) protection, even the plastics and carbon-fibre materials would st

37、art to break up. Over the course of decades or centuries, the car will end up with its aluminium(铝) frame and hard glass parts-thats assuming that none of them get destroyed in impacts with passing space rocks.8. What can we infer from the first two paragraphs?A. Starman is now circling around the E

38、arth in its orbit.B. Starman has set out on its second trip around the Sun.C. Starman has traveled 7.4 million kilometers after launch.D. Starman still has a long way to go before getting to Mars.9. How did McDowell manage to locate Starman?A. By keeping Starman under visual observation.B. By predic

39、ting its future orbit around the earth.C. By seeking professional help from SpaceX.D. By analyzing data about the rockets movement.10. The underlined word “tug” in Paragraph 4 is closest in meaning to _.A. pullB. driveC. resistanceD. pressure11. What will happen to Starman in decades or centuries?A.

40、 It is circling around Mars and will finally crash onto it.B. It will finish its mission and return to SpaceX on earth.C. Starman is likely reduced to at most its frame and glass.D. SpaceX will try to recover it during its next space mission.【答案】8. B 9. D 10. A 11. C【解析】【分析】本文是新闻报道。主要讲述了Starman 和座驾特

41、斯拉 Roadster接近了火星。【8题详解】推理判断题。根据第一段的“Starman, the dummy(仿真人) riding a cherry-red Tesla Roadster(特斯拉敞篷车) through space, has made his closest approach ever to Mars.( Starman，乘坐樱桃红的Tesla Roadster，已经离火星最近)”和第二段的“the Falcon Heavy rocket and the vehicle at its tip are making their second trip around the Su

42、n.(猎鹰重型火箭和其顶端的运载工具正在进行第二次绕太阳飞行)”可推断，Starman已经开始了它的第二次绕太阳飞行。故选A。【9题详解】细节理解题。根据第三段的“Mr. McDowell used data about how the rocket was moving when it left the Earths gravity behind to locate its recent movements exactly.( 麦克道尔利用火箭脱离地球引力时的运动数据来准确定位它最近的运动。)”可知，麦克道尔是通过分析火箭运行的数据成功定位Starman的。故选C。【10题详解】词义猜测题。

43、根据划线词上文“But this time the crossing lined up with a fairly close approach, though still not close enough to feel a strongtug from Mars”（ 但这次的穿越与相当近距离的接近是一致的，尽管距离还不够近，不足以感受到来自火星的强烈拉力）可知，这一次，交叉点相当近，然而仍旧不够近，因此推断感觉不到来自火星的引力，故划线词与D项“拉；拖”意思相近。故选D。【11题详解】细节理解题。根据最后一段的“Over the course of decades or centuries

44、, the car will end up with its aluminium(铝) frame and hard glass parts-thats assuming that none of them get destroyed in impacts with passing space rocks.( 在几十年或几个世纪，这辆车最终成为铝框架和硬玻璃部件假设它们没有在通过太空岩石时被破坏)”可知，几十年或几个世纪以后，Starman很可能最多只剩下框架和玻璃了。故选A。DThe vaccine (疫苗) news continues to seem very encouraging.

45、Britain started its mass vaccination effort and the U.S. isnt far behind.But there is still one dark cloud hanging over the vaccines that many people dont yet understand.The vaccines will be much less effective at preventing death and illness in 2021 if they are introduced into a population where th

46、e coronavirus is still severeas is now the case in the U.S.A vaccine is like a fire hose (消防龙头). A vaccine thats 95 percent effective, as Modernas and Pfizers versions appear to be, is a powerful fire hose. But the size of a fire is still a bigger determinant of how much destruction occurs.At the cu

47、rrent level of infection in the U.S. (about 200,000 confirmed new infections per day), a vaccine that is 95 percent effectivedistributed at the expected pacewould still leave a terrible toll (伤亡人数) in the six months after it was introduced. Almost 10 million or so Americans would catch the virus, an

48、d more than 160,000 would die.This is far worse than the toll in a different situation where the vaccine was only 50 percent effective but the U.S. had reduced the infection rate to its level in early September (about 35,000 new daily cases). In that case, the death toll in the next six months would

49、 be kept to about 60,000.Its worth pausing for a moment on this comparison. If the U.S. had maintained its infection rate from September and Moderna and Pfizer had announced this fall that their vaccines were only 50 percent effective, a lot of people would have panicked.But the reality we have is a

50、ctually worse.How could this be? No vaccine can get rid of a pandemic immediately, just as .no fire hose can put out a forest fire. While the vaccine is being distributed, the virus continues to do damage.There is one positive way to look at this: Measures that reduce the viruss spreadlike mask-wear

51、ing, social distancing and rapid-result testingcan still have great consequences. They can save more than 100,000 lives in coming months.12. How does the author mainly present his argument?A. By giving definitions.B. By categorizing facts.C. By drawing comparisons.D. By appealing to emotions.13. Whi

52、ch does the author think is a better way to save lives?A. Improving the effectiveness of the vaccines.B. Producing a greater variety of vaccines.C. Looking at the situation in a positive way.D. Wearing masks and practicing social distancing.14. What does paragraph 6 tell us?A. The vaccines are less

53、effective than expected.B. The US have controlled the spread of the coronavirus.C. The death toll in the next six months will be about 60,000.D. Fewer people will die if the infection rate is lower.15. What can we infer from the text?A. The vaccine is the hope of wiping out the pandemic.B. The publi

54、c are optimistic about the effects of the vaccine.C. The public are concerned about the high infection rate.D. The distribution of vaccine will end the pandemic quickly.【答案】12. C 13. D 14. D 15. B【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，讲述了在疫情下，疫苗并不能有效地阻止新冠传播，最有效的方法还是戴上口罩，保持适当的距离。【12题详解】推理判断题。根据文章第四段“A vaccine is like a fi

55、re hose . A vaccine thats 95 percent effective, as Modernas and Pfizers versions appear to be, is a powerful fire hose. But the size of a fire is still a bigger determinant of how much destruction occurs.(疫苗就像消防水带。就像Moderna和Pfizer的版本一样，这种具有95效力的疫苗是一种强大的消防水带。但是，火的大小仍是更大程度地决定发生多少破坏的决定因素)”可知，作者将新冠疫苗比作消

56、防水带，引出疫情的影响并不是由疫苗所控制的。故选C。【13题详解】细节理解题。根据文章最后一段“There is one positive way to look at this: Measures that reduce the viruss spreadlike mask-wearing, social distancing and rapid-result testingcan still have great consequences. They can save more than 100,000 lives in coming months.(有一个积极的方法可以解决这一问题：减少

57、病毒传播的措施（例如戴口罩，远离社会和进行快速结果检测）会产生重大后果。在未来几个月中，他们可以挽救100,000多条生命)”可知，作者认为戴口罩，保持社交距离是最有效预防新冠的措施。故选D。【14题详解】推理判断题。根据文章第六段“This is far worse than the toll in a different situation where the vaccine was only 50 percent effective but the U.S. had reduced the infection rate to its level in early September (a

58、bout 35,000 new daily cases). In that case, the death toll in the next six months would be kept to about 60,000.(这远比在另一种情况下造成的损失要糟糕得多，在这种情况下，疫苗的有效率仅为50，但美国已将感染率降低到9月初的水平（每天约有35,000例新病例）。在这种情况下，未来六个月的死亡人数将保持在60,000人左右)”可知，美国的感染率下降到9月初的水平，死亡人数也相应减少。由此推知，感染率降低死亡人数也会减少。故选D。【15题详解】推理判断题。根据文章第一段“The vacci

59、ne news continues to seem very encouraging. Britain started its mass vaccination effort and the U.S. isnt far behind. (疫苗新闻似乎仍然令人鼓舞。英国开始大规模疫苗接种工作，而美国也紧随其后)”可知，人们非常乐于接种新冠疫苗。再结合倒数第四段“If the U.S. had maintained its infection rate from September and Moderna and Pfizer had announced this fall that their

60、vaccines were only 50 percent effective, a lot of people would have panicked. 如果美国从9月开始保持感染率，并且如果Moderna和Pfizer今年秋天宣布其疫苗的有效率仅为50，那么很多人就会感到恐慌)”可知，如果宣布疫苗有效率仅为50%的话，人们就会感到恐慌。由此推断出，大众乐于接受疫苗，是因为大众认为疫苗有效率高可以防御新冠，所以公众对疫苗的效果持乐观态度。故选B。第二节(共5小题;每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)阅读下面短文,从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。If you

61、think youre a pessimist and theres no hope of ever turning it around, then think again! According to mental health experts, it is actually very possible to turn into a glass-half-full kind of person, and heres what you can do to see things in a brighter light._16_ Writing down your ideas of an optim

62、istic tomorrow will make a huge difference when it comes to your overall attitude to life. You may also want to consider a serious challenge you have in life right now, and simply sit back and think about all of the possible positive outcomes.Choose to be optimistic. Life is all about choices. You c

63、an choose to spend the entire day reading or cleaning. You can make the call youve been thinking about for a while or you can put it off for another day. Whats more, you can also choose to be positive or you can choose to simply carry on living as you are. _17_ And then carry on that way for the res

64、t of your life.Extend positiveness to others. Making others feel good about themselves can have lasting positive effects on your own life. Never forget to admire your family, friends, and colleagues for the good things which they are doing in their lives, even if they dont directly affect you. _18_R

65、ecognize your negative thought patterns. Its fine to acknowledge that bad things in life might happen at any time. _19_ Yet being overly negative can seriously ruin your chances of finding happiness in his life. Reframing your awkwardly negative thoughts into more realistic patterns may be the key t

66、o helping you maintain optimism.Practice gratitude. Spend some time thinking about all of the things you have to be thankful for. _20_ You could even choose to keep diaries, where you can put down anything which makes you smile. If nothing else, take a moment every once in a while to stop, smile and

67、 be thankful for the positive things in life.A. Imagine a positive future.B. Form the habit of keeping diaries.C. Of course, its also necessary to praise yourself.D. Ignoring reality isnt the most helpful method either.E. Being optimistic starts with the decision to be positive.F. It will often prov

68、ide you with an instant optimism boost.G. Take a moment to work out how realistic your thoughts really are.【答案】16. A 17. E 18. C 19. D 20. F【解析】【分析】这是一篇说明文。向我们介绍了几种帮持悲观态度的人们进行转变的几种办法。【16题详解】由上文“heres what you can do to see things in a brighter light.”可知，下面要介绍培养积极乐观态度的几种方法。该小题应该选一个祈使句做小标题，也是本段首句兼主题句。

69、下文“Writing down your ideas of an optimistic tomorrow will make a huge difference when it comes to your overall attitude to life.”（ 把你关于一个乐观的明天的所有想法写下了），由此可知，尤其是“tomorrow” 一词与“future”呼应，我们第一步要乐观地畅想美好未来。A项内容符合语境。故选A项。【17题详解】该空所在第三段小标题“Choose to be optimistic.”可知，乐观还是消极悲观是一种选择，我们一定要去选择积极乐观，选择了就做出了一个决定，

70、E选项“Being optimistic starts with the decision to be positive.”乐观的生活态度开始于一个要做一个乐观的人的决心。空后下文“And then carry on that way for the rest of your life.”下定决心之后，就在今后去坚持。E选项内容符合语境，尤其“decision”和“choose”呼应。故选E项。【18题详解】上文“Never forget to admire your family, friends, and colleagues for the good things which they

71、are doing in their lives, even if they dont directly affect you.”可知，作者建议欣赏赞美身边家人，朋友，同事，营造积极乐观的大环境。C项“Of course, its also necessary to praise yourself”（ 当然了，赞美自己也是很必要的），很好地承接上文，尤其“also”。故选C项。【19题详解】上文“Its fine to acknowledge that bad things in life might happen at any time.”承认生活中随时可能会发生不好的事情。接受这个现实是有

72、好处的。D选项“Ignoring reality isnt the most helpful method ，either.”忽略现实不是最好的办法。符合语境。下文“Yet being overly negative can seriously ruin your chances of finding happiness in his life.”然而一直持否定消极态度会严重毁掉你发现幸福的机会。转折含义的副词“yet”之前要接受生活中有些不如意，“yet”后说明不能一直消极，要转换思维方式。故选D项。【20题详解】由空前“Spend some time thinking about all

73、of the things you have to be thankful for.”可知，作者建议大家用点时间想一下所有应该感恩的事物。F选项“will often provide you with an instant optimism boost”（这将经常给你一种乐观的推动力）符合上文语境，主语“It”指代前面整个句子。故选F项。第三部分语言运用(共三节，满分35分)第一节(共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分)阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。Every year on my mothers birthday I will think of

74、 the same story in my heart, the story of repairing a relationship and building bridge.I had many_21_ with my mother while I was growing up. After I was married for a few years my mother invited me to meet her for lunch. It sounded serious but I was a dutiful daughter and of course I said yes. _22_h

75、aving a discussion about something I did wrong or something she didnt like or something she wanted me to change as before, she asked me if I wanted to be her friend. I Was _23_ . Wed been more like enemies than_24_ I responded with yes since I Always_25_ a friendly relationship.Our relationship _26_

76、 for many reasons but there was really only one at the core. Our perception(观念) of each other was skewed (有偏颇) by_27_There were many things we needed to do to repair our relationship but it began with these two- question and listening: questions like “What were you thinking when you .” or “Why did y

77、ou do . ”and listening that didnt lead to_28_ , but accepting the others view as their truth.We explained how we felt when the other had done certain things we were hurt, angry or upset about. We both held the same goal of_29_ so we didnt hold anything back and were especially _30_We saw trust in ea

78、ch others eyes through the sharing. I felt a beautiful hope rising in my heart like the golden sun rises over the ocean. Our misunderstandings were _31_ and trust grew. My mother and I became extremely _32_ and it all began with a simple _33_Our relationship suffered_34_my mother and I shared our di

79、fferent views and _35_. Perception is powerful and changes everything.21. A. worriesB. conflictsC. fearsD. expectations22 A. Apart fromB. Thanks toC. Instead ofD. Regardless of23. A. astonishedB. frightenedC. preparedD. bored24. A. strangersB. neighborsC. relativesD. friends25. A. respectedB. admire

80、dC. protectedD. ignored26. A. continuedB. existedC. worsenedD. developed27. A. nervousnessB. misunderstandingsC. strictnessD. surroundings28. A. applaudingB. rejectingC. arguingD. cheating29. A. connectionB. successC. approvalD. growth30. A. accurateB. explicitC. shallowD. sharp31. A. avoidedB. circ

81、ulatedC. replacedD. removed32. A. elegantB. tightC. stableD. sensitive33. A. apologyB. messageC. storyD. invitation34. A. whenB. thoughC. untilD. since35. A. opened upB. thought up .C. grew upD. gave up【答案】21. B 22. C 23. A 24. D 25. B 26. C 27. B 28. C 29. A 30. B 31. A 32. C 33. D 34. C 35. D【解析】【

82、分析】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者和妈妈因为一场坦诚的对话和分享而解除了多年的误会，重现建立了信任，改变了观念，最终改善了关系的故事，说明了观念和看法的力量是强大的。【21题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：在我成长的过程中，我和妈妈有过很多冲突。A. worries担忧；B. conflicts冲突；C. fears恐惧；D. expectations期待。根据后文“Wed been more like enemies”可知，作者和妈妈的关系更像是敌人，可推断她们之前有很多矛盾冲突。故选B项。【22题详解】考查介词短语辨析。句意：她没有像以前那样讨论我做错了什么、她不喜欢什么或者她想让我改

83、变什么，而是问我是否想和她做朋友。A. Apart from除之外；B. Thanks to多亏，由于；C. Instead of相反，而不是；D. Regardless of不管。根据后文“she asked me if I wanted to be her friend”可知，作者妈妈问的是作者是否想和她做朋友，而不是问以前常问的那些问题。故选C项。【23题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我很吃惊。A. astonished吃惊的；B. frightened害怕的；C. prepared准备好的；D. bored无聊的。根据后文“Wed been more like enemies”可知，

84、作者和妈妈之前的关系更像是敌人，所以可推断作者对于妈妈做朋友的提议感到吃惊。故选A项。【24题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：我们更像是敌人而不是朋友。A. strangers陌生人；B. neighbors邻居；C. relatives亲戚；D. friends朋友。根据前文“she asked me if I wanted to be her friend”及“I was 3”可知，作者认为自己与妈妈的关系更像敌人，而不是朋友，所以对妈妈的提议才感到吃惊。故选D项。【25题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：我一直羡慕友好的关系。A. respected尊重；B. admired羡慕，欣赏；C.

85、protected保护；D. ignored忽略。根据前文“I responded with yes ”可推断，作者因为羡慕友好的关系，所以答应了妈妈的提议。故选B项。【26题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：我们的关系恶化有很多原因，但核心原因只有一个。A. continued继续；B. existed存在；C. worsened恶化；D. developed发展。根据前文“Wed been more like enemies than4 ”可知，作者与妈妈的关系不好，所以此处表达的是作者和妈妈的关系恶化。故选C项。【27题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：我们对彼此的看法因误解而产生偏差。A. n

86、ervousness紧张；B. misunderstandings误解；C. strictness严厉；D. surroundings环境。根据前文“Wed been more like enemies than4”及“Our relationship 6 for many reasons ”可知，作者和妈妈的关系恶化成如敌人那样是由于彼此之间的误会。故选B项。【28题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：像“当你的时候你在想什么?”或“你为什么做”的问题及不会导致争论的倾听。A. applauding鼓掌；B. rejecting拒绝；C. arguing争论；D. cheating欺骗。根据前文“

87、There were many things we needed to do to repair our relationship but it began with these two- question and listening”可知，倾听是修复作者和妈妈关系的方法之一，可推断倾听不会导致争论。故选C项。【29题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：我们想建立联系的目标是一致的，所以我们没有保留任何东西，而且特别直率。A. connection联系；B. success 成功；C. approval同意；D. growth成长。根据前文“We explained how we felt when

88、 the other had done certain things we were hurt, angry or upset about.”及后文“so we didnt hold anything back”可知，作者和妈妈诚实地解释当对方做了某些让人受伤、生气或难过的事情时，各自的感受，可推断作者和妈妈都想修复彼此之间的关系，重新建立亲情联系，所以她们的目标是一致的。故选A项。【30题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：句意：我们想建立联系的目标是一致的，所以我们没有保留任何东西，而且特别直率。A. accurate精准的；B. explicit清楚的，直率的；C. shallow浅的；D.

89、 sharp尖锐的。根据前文“we didnt hold anything back ”及表示递进的连词and可知，作者与妈妈之间的谈话特别的诚实而直接，互相之间没有隐瞒，没有迂回。故选B项。【31题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：我们的误解被避免了，信任增加了。A. avoided避免；B. circulated循环；C. replaced代替；D. removed移开。根据前文“We saw trust in each others eyes through the sharing”可知，作者在与妈妈坦诚谈话的过程中，彼此慢慢建立了信任，可推断她们之间的误会被避免了。故选A项。【32题详解】

90、考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我和母亲的关系变得非常稳定，一切都始于一个简单的邀请。A. elegant优雅的；B. tight紧的；C. stable稳定的；D. sensitive敏感的。根据前文“Our misunderstandings were 11 and trust grew.”可知，作者与母亲的误会被消除，重新建立了信任，可推断他们的关系变得稳定。故选C项。【33题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：我和母亲的关系变得非常稳定，一切都始于一个简单的邀请。A. apology道歉；B. message信息；C. story故事；D. invitation邀请。根据前文“After I wa

91、s married for a few years my mother invited me to meet her for lunch.”可知，作者和妈妈关系的改善始于妈妈的一个邀请。故选D项。【34题详解】考查状语从句连词辨析。句意：我们的关系受到了影响，直到我和母亲分享了我们不同的观点。A. when当的时候；B. though尽管；C. until直到为止；D. since自从。根据前文“Our misunderstandings were. 11 and trust grew. My mother and I became extremely 12”可知，作者和妈妈重新建立了信任，关

92、系变得稳定，而她们紧张的关系终止于她们开始坦诚分享自己的观点。故选C项。【35题详解】考查动词短语辨析。句意：我们的关系受到了影响，直到我和母亲分享了我们不同的观点并放弃了这种分歧。A. opened up打开；B. thought up想出，发明；C. grew up长大；D. gave up放弃。根据前文“Our misunderstandings were. 11 and trust grew.”可知，作者和妈妈的关系改善了，相互之间的信任建立起来了，可推断不仅分享了各自不同的观点，并且放弃了会使彼此生产矛盾的分歧。故选D项。第二节(共10小题;每小题1.5分,满分15分)阅读下面短文，

93、在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。Its not surprising that we feel blue during the winter months. Theres even a recognized form of winter depression- Seasonal Affective Disorder (SAD). Scientists think that many factors may result _36_ the problem.Many of us know those_37_ have mild cognitive (认知的) problems s

94、eem to function less well during the winter. A study of 3,353 older adults confirmed this and _38_ (suggest) that winter might be the most likely season to get an Alzheimers diagnosis. Not only that _39_ other researches show that younger adults have a _40_ (bad) memory and attention in the colder m

95、onths than the old. Doctors say getting enough sleep will improve memory and _41_(concentrate).What person with joint aches and pains doesnt complain about feeling more terrible during winter? Some doctors think its linked to_42_ (change) in barometric (气压的) pressure. And, of course, when the weathe

96、r is bad, were less likely_43_ ( exercise), when in fact staying active will help keep your joints supple (有弹性的) and_44_(strength) your muscles. Just a few minutes every day will help. And its important to maintain a healthy weight, as extra kilos put extra pressure on joints.So if you feel down or

97、moody in winter, try to get outdoors as much as possible to ensure. enough sleep, make the most of the available daylight and take regular exercise. Only in these ways can we _45_ (succeed) get rid of winter depression.【答案】36. in 37. who 38. suggested 39. but 40. worse 41. concentration 42. changes

98、43. to exercise 44. strengthen 45. successfully【解析】【分析】这是一篇说明文。文章指出人们容易在冬天产生抑郁情绪，研究表明冬天老年人易发老年痴呆症，年轻人的记忆力和注意力也会下降，而冬季气压变化和人们活动变少也会导致关节疼痛，为减缓此类情况，医生建议冬天多去户外、保证睡眠、充分利用阳光以及有规律地锻炼身体。【36题详解】考查动词短语。句意：科学家们认为很多因素会导致这一问题出现。前句指出了冬天人们容易情绪低落这一现象，这里要表示这种问题是由很多因素造成、导致，应使用result in表示“导致，结果是”。故填in。37题详解】考查定语从句。句意：

99、我们很多人都知道那些有着轻微认知问题的人似乎在冬天会表现不太好。分析句子结构可知，空白前句成分完整，后句缺少主语，考虑定语从句，those为先行词，指代人，关系代词只能用who。故填who。【38题详解】考查时态。句意：一项针对3353位老年人的研究证实了这一点，表明冬天可能是最容易患上阿尔茨海默症的季节。这里suggest与并列的谓语动词confirmed应保持一致，符合一般过去时，也使用过去式。故填suggested。【39题详解】考查连词。句意：不仅如此，其他研究也表明在较冷的月份年轻人比起老年人记忆力和注意力都更差。这里符合not onlybut(also)的结构，符合句意表达的递进逻

100、辑。故填but。【40题详解】考查形容词比较级。句意：不仅如此，其他研究也表明在较冷的月份年轻人比起老年人记忆力和注意力都更差。由后句中的“than the old”可知这里是将年轻人和老年人作比较，应使用bad的比较级worse表示“更糟的，更差的”。故填worse。【41题详解】考查名词。句意：医生称获得充足的睡眠会改善记忆力和专注力。分析句子可知，这里concentrate和memory并列作improve的宾语，要用名词形式concentration表示“专注、专心”。故填concentration。【42题详解】考查名词。句意：某些医生认为这与气压改变有关。分析句子可知，这里chan

101、ge作to的宾语，要用名词形式change表示“（气压的）改变、变化”，是可数名词，其前无不定冠词，结合句意应使用复数形式。故填changes。【43题详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：以及，当然，天气不好时，我们不太可能去锻炼，而事实上保持活动会帮助你保持关节弹性和肌肉强健。这里符合短语be likely to do sth.意为“倾向于/可能做某事”，其后要接动词不定式。故填to exercise。【44题详解】考查动词。句意：以及，当然，天气不好时，我们不太可能去锻炼，而事实上保持活动会帮助你保持关节弹性和肌肉强健。此处与and连接的动词keep并列，要用strength的动词形式streng

102、then表示“加强、强化（肌肉）”。故填strengthen。【45题详解】考查副词。句意：只有通过这些方法我们才能成功地摆脱冬季抑郁情绪。分析句子可知，原句主干成分完整，考虑空白处作状语，需要副词successfully修饰动词get rid of。故填successfully。认真阅读下列各题，根据所给中文提示或首字母，写出1个语义通顺语法正确的单词。46. With ice melting worldwide, some species, such as polar bears, have difficulty a_ to the environment.（根据首字母单词拼写）【答案】a

103、dapting/adjusting【解析】【详解】考查动词。句意：随着世界范围内的冰川融化，一些物种，如北极熊，很难适应环境。根据句意和所给首字母，应是动词adapt或adjust；短语have difficulty （in）doing“做有困难”。故填adapting/adjusting。47. The qualities that teenagers consider important in a friend seem to be the same, r_ of the basis of these friendships. （根据首字母单词拼写）【答案】regardless【解析】【详

104、解】考查固定短语。句意：青少年认为重要的朋友品质似乎是相同的，不管这些友谊的基础是什么。根据句意和首字母r提示可知，regardless of不管，不顾，固定短语，符合题意。故填regardless。48. Andrew has decided to go to China to study with the i_ of improving his Chinese and learning more about Chinese culture. (根据首字母单词拼写)【答案】intention【解析】【详解】考查名词。句意：安德鲁决定去中国学习，目的是提高汉语水平，了解更多的中国文化。根据单词

105、首字母以及句意“目的”可知，空格处应用intention，意为“目的”，名词词性，“with the intention of”意为“抱着的目的，目的是”。故填intention。49. President Xi Jinping extended warm congratulations and sincere greetings to all members who had p_ in the Change-5 mission. (根据首字母单词拼写)【答案】participated【解析】【详解】考查动词。句意：习近平主席对参加“嫦娥五号”任务的所有成员表示热烈祝贺和诚挚问候。根据单词首字

106、母以及句意“参加”可知，空格处应用动词participate，意为“参加”，动词词性，“participate in”意为“参加”，为固定短语。根据句意可知，“参加”的动作发生在“extended”的动作之前，为过去的过去，应用过去完成时，故空格处应用participate的过去分词participated。故填participated。50. Even in remote areas, not only has the number of parcels increased, but the v_ of the items has become richer. （根据首字母单词拼写）【答案】

107、variety【解析】【详解】考查名词。句意：即使在偏远地区，不仅包裹的数量增加了，而且物品的种类也变得更丰富了。根据句意和所给首字母，应是名词 variety，在句中作主语。故填variety。第四部分写作(共两节，满分35分)第一节(满分15分)51. 假定你是小明，你所在的东华社区有人不文明遛狗，请你针对此现象写一份文明遛狗的倡议书，内容包括：1. 提出倡议；2. 不文明养狗的弊端；3. 如何文明遛狗。注意：1. 写作词数应为80左右；2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。参考词汇：狗绳 leash 文明的 civilized 便便 shit【答案】Recently, some do

108、g owners walk their dogs in uncivilized manners, such as walking dogs without leashes and letting dogs bark at people randomly. Consequently, not only is the environment of our community worsening, but it harms the harmonious relationships among neighbors.Changing this situation requires considerabl

109、e effort of dog owners. They are supposed to obey the rules of walking dogs, including preparing a leash whenever they go, picking up the shit and training dogs to behave themselves.Hoping to see a clean and harmonious community. (85 words)【解析】【分析】本篇书面表达属于应用文，要求考生针对社区有人不文明遛狗的现象写一份文明遛狗的倡议书。【详解】第一步：审题

110、体裁：应用文时态：根据提示，时态主要为一般现在时。结构：总分法总分法指把主题句作为总说，把支持句作为分说，并以这种方式安排所写内容。要求：1. 提出倡议；2. 介绍不文明养狗的弊端；3. 如何文明遛狗。第二步：列提纲 （重点词组）walk dogs; in uncivilized manners; such as; bark at sb.; be supposed to do sth.; obey the rules of doing sth.; pick up第三步：连词成句1. Recently, some dog owners walk their dogs in uncivilized

111、 manners, such as walking dogs without leashes and letting dogs bark at people randomly.2. Not only is the environment of our community worsening, but it harms the harmonious relationships among neighbors.3. Changing this situation requires considerable effort of dog owners.4. They are supposed to o

112、bey the rules of walking dogs, including preparing a leash whenever they go, picking up the shit and training dogs to behave themselves.5. Hoping to see a clean and harmonious community.根据提示及关键词（组）进行遣词造句，注意主谓一致和时态问题。第四步：连句成篇（衔接词）1.表并列补充关系：not onlybut, and2.表因果关系：consequently连句成文，注意使用恰当的连词进行句子之间的衔接与过

113、渡，书写一定要规范清晰。【点睛】高分句型1. Recently, some dog owners walk their dogs in uncivilized manners, such as walking dogs without leashes and letting dogs bark at people randomly. （动名词短语在句中作such as的宾语）高分句型2. Changing this situation requires considerable effort of dog owners. （动名词短语在句中作主语）第二节(满分20分)52. Norwood,

114、a junior at St. Petersburg Lakewood High School, participated in the schools Athletic Lifestyle Management Academy. The program prepares students for various careers in health science with two components. The first one is a hands-on skills component where the students have to demonstrate that they a

115、re expert in the skills of adult, child and infant CPR （心 肺复苏术），how to help somebody whos choking, as well as how to use an AED （自动体外除 颤仪）.And the other is a written test component, showing that they master that knowledge. Norwood took a great interest in the programme, which was in line with her in

116、itial career pursuit in the future.On the first day of the programme, her instructor Miller did vital signs and students learned how to take blood pressure, check pulse, and apply CPR. Norwood watched closely and performed the hand-on skills well.Norwood and Simmons shared a long friendship. They ha

117、d been friends since the seventh grade and since then they had built an unbreakable bond. The following day after school, the 16- year-old girl Norwood was driving three friends home in St. Petersburg, Florida, when another driver slammed into her from her left and sent her car rushing forward in an

118、 uncontrollable way.“We crashed in someones yard and I hit the tree, Norwood said. The impact jammed shut the drivers side door, so Norwood climbed out of the front window. Two of her friends managed to get out of the car unharmed, but the collision caused her 16-year-old friend Simmons to hit her h

119、ead on the backseat window.When Norwood turned around, she didnt see Simmons running with them so she had to run back to the car as fast as she could. Simmons was just sitting there unresponsive. Apparently, she passed out owing to the huge impact force. The unexpected crash left the girls in panic.

120、 A lot of people started to gather around to see what was happening. The crowd watched in astonishment, open-mouthed. Someone advised to make an emergency call immediately.注意： 1.续写词数应为150左右；2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。Paragraph 1 ： And that was when the training Norwood had just learned kicked in. _Paragrap

121、h 2 ： When Miller and her students learned about the news, they were at a loss of words and so proud._【答案】Paragraph 1:And that was when the training Norwood had just learned kicked in. She started yelling, “Back up! Back up! She needs space!” She pulled Simmons out of the back seat, avoiding broken

122、glass from the window. Then she checked her pulse on the neck and put her head against Simmonschest, before she started doing CPR on her immediately. After the 30 compressions and two rescue breaths, Simmons regained consciousness. The ambulance quickly arived and Simmons was rushed to the hospital

123、without delay, where she received stitches for acut in her forehead.Paragraph 2:When Miller and her students learned about the news, they were at a loss of words and so proud. “I was just absolutely astounded, ” Miller said. “It is so astonishing that Norwood should rescue her friend with the knowle

124、dge and skills she learned in such a short time. This is what every teacher dreams of.” Simmons was overwhelmingly touched by her friend and conveyed her sincere gratitude to Norwood, tears streaming down her cheeks. But for Norwoods quick thinking, she couldnt have been rescued and recovered so wel

125、l. Brimming with pride and confidence, Norwood strengthened her determination to pursue a career in the medical field.【解析】【分析】本文以人物为线索展开，讲述了圣彼得堡莱克伍德高中的一名三年级学生诺伍德和好朋友西蒙斯发生车祸的故事。在佛罗里达州圣彼得堡的家，诺伍德载着三个朋友，这时另一名司机从她的左边撞上了她，她的车以不可控制的方式向前冲去。她和另两个朋友毫发无损，而西蒙斯由于撞击晕了过去。诺伍德在学校的运动生活方式管理学院刚刚学到的训练开始发挥作用。西蒙斯恢复了意识。救护车

126、很快赶到，西蒙斯立即被送往医院。西蒙斯被她的朋友深深感动了，向诺伍德表达了她真诚的感激之情。诺伍德心中充满自豪和自信，她坚定了追求医学事业的决心。【详解】1.段落续写：由第一段首句内容“就在这时，诺伍德刚刚学到的训练开始发挥作用。”可知，第一段可描写诺伍德在救护车到来之前是如何抢救西蒙斯的。由第二段首句内容“当米勒和她的学生们得知这个消息时，他们都不知说什么好了，而且非常自豪。”可知，第二段可描写西蒙斯被送到医院，恢复了意识，非常感谢诺伍德，而诺伍德充满自豪和自信，坚定了追求医学事业的决心。2.续写线索：开车被撞撞树受伤救护车恢复意识感激自豪3.词汇激活（一个词汇要写出相近的表达）行为类感兴趣

127、：took a great interest in/be interested in/have interest in撞上：run into/dash against/run upon/knock into情绪类感激：conveyed her sincere gratitude to/give gratitude to/be grateful to sb. for sth.【点睛】高分句型1. She pulled Simmons out of the back seat, avoiding broken glass from the window. （现在分词作伴随状语）高分句型2. The

128、 ambulance quickly arived and Simmons was rushed to the hospital without delay, where she received stitches for acut in her forehead. （句中使用where引导的定语从句）高分句型3. Simmons was overwhelmingly touched by her friend and conveyed her sincere gratitude to Norwood, tears streaming down her cheeks.（句中使用一般过去时的被动语态和现在分词的独立主格结构）