《新步步高》2015-2016学年高二英语外研版选修六知识点讲解：MODULE 2 FANTASY LITERATURE PERIOD THREE .DOC

1、Period ThreeReading Practice & Cultural Corner,Grammar & Writing学习目标话题词汇阅读语法Fantasy Literaturesorrow，ought，magical，power，possessahead of，catch a glimpse of，set outExtract from The Lion，the Witch and the Wardrobe；The Lord of the RingsAdverbial clauses with ing.单词Nouns：1sorrow 悲哀，伤心，苦难2power 力量，能力Verb

2、s：1ought应该，应当2possess 拥有Adj.：magical 魔法的，不可思议的.短语1ahead_of 在前面2catch_a_glimpse_of 瞥见3set_out 出发，动身1.she could still see the open doorway of the wardrobe and even catch a glimpse of the empty room from which she had set_out.对译： 她依然能看到魔衣橱敞开的门，并且瞥见她出来的那个空房间。归纳拓展set out 出发，动身；开始，着手set out to do sth.set

3、about doing sth.着手做某事set aside放在一边；留出(钱或时间)set back使推迟，使延误set down写下，记下set free释放set off出发，动身；引爆set up竖起；建立语境感悟(1)They set_out_to_work as soon as they arrived.他们一到达就开始工作。(2)The old woman sets_aside a bit of money every month.这位老太太每月都存一点钱。(3)The business was set_up by his father.这家公司是他父亲开办的。2Any crea

4、ture who possesses one of these rings has great power.对译：任何一个拥有其中一枚戒指的物种都会有强大的力量。 归纳拓展possess v拥有be possessed of 拥有，占有，具有，享有take possession ofin possession of拥有in ones possessionin the possession of sb.为某人所拥有come into possession of继承语境感悟(1)She is_possessed_of good health.她拥有健康的体魄。(2)The house Jack w

5、as in_possession_of was once _in_the_possession_of his father.杰克拥有的房子曾经是他父亲的。(3)He wanted to take_possession_of a new car.他想拥有一部新车。Grammar Points.用所给词的适当形式填空1As he stood trying (try) to clear his head，he saw a cat.2Will，still watching (watch)，saw the cat behave curiously.3When it had gone past he cr

6、ossed the road，keeping (keep) his eyes on the spot where the cat had been investigating.4As she stood looking (look) at it，wondering (wonder) why there was a lamppost in the middle of a wood，and wondering (wonder) what to do next，she heard the pitterpatter of feet coming towards her.5Sauron，realisin

7、g (realise) that the Ring has been found，sends his creatures to get it back.句型转换1When the baby saw its mother，it smiled.Seeing its mother，the baby smiled.2As they hoped to get our support，they sent us their statement.They sent us their statement，hoping to get our support.3If you keep trying，youll su

8、cceed sooner or later.Keeping trying，youll succeed sooner or later.4The snow lasted a week，so it resulted in a serious traffic confusion in the whole area.The snow lasted a week，resulting in a serious traffic confusion in the whole area.5Because we didnt know her address，we couldnt get in touch with

9、 her.Not knowing her address，we couldnt get in touch with her.动词ing形式作状语动词ing形式作状语可以修饰谓语动词或整个句子，表示时间、原因、结果、条件、让步、方式或伴随，相当于与之相对应的状语从句。一、动词ing的否定形式、一般式、完成式1动词ing的否定形式是在前面加not。2动词ing的一般式表示动作与句子的谓语动词所表示的动作同时发生，而完成式则表示动作先于句子的谓语动词所表示的动作发生。Not knowing what to do，she turned to him for help.由于不知道该做些什么，她向他求助。

10、He hurried home，looking back as he went.他匆忙回家，边走边往后看。Having lived there for years，I know it very well.由于在那儿住了多年，我对它很熟悉。二、现在分词(短语)在句中作时间状语1现在分词的一般式作时间状语，往往表示动作与谓语动词同时或相继发生，其逻辑主语为句子的主语。常用的动词，如：hear，see，arrive，return，get to，look，open，close，leave，turn around，walk等，表示一个短暂动作。Looking out of the window，I sa

11、w some boys playing hideandseek.看向窗外时，我看见一些男孩子在玩捉迷藏。注意：此种情况可以换作“on动名词”结构，表示相同的意思，意为“一(刚)就”。此处情况也可以换作是when引导的时间状语从句，该从句的动词多用一般过去时表示。Hearing their teachers voice，the pupils stopped talking at once.On hearing their teachers voice，the pupils stopped talking at once.When they heard their teachers voice，t

12、he pupils stopped talking at once.一听到老师的声音，学生们立即停止讲话。2现在分词所表示的动作完成之后，谓语动作才发生。这时则要用现在分词的完成式，即having done的形式。现在分词的逻辑主语是句子的主语。Having written the letter，he went to post it.写完信后，他出去寄它。注意：这种情况可以用“after动名词”的一般式表示。也可以用after/when引导的时间状语从句来替换，该从句的谓语动词用过去完成时态表示。Having finished his homework，the boy was allowed

13、to watch TV.After having finished his homework，the boy was allowed to watch TV.After/When he had finished his homework，the boy was allowed to watch TV.写完作业之后，这个男孩才被允许看电视。三、现在分词(短语)在句中作原因状语1现在分词(短语)在句中作原因状语时，相当于一个原因状语从句。与时间状语一样，也要注意现在分词所表示的动作与谓语动作的先后关系。当现在分词所表示的动作与谓语动作同时发生或几乎同时发生时，用它的一般形式。此时现在分词的逻辑主语

14、须是句子的主语。这样的原因状语可以换成because，as引导的原因状语从句，该从句谓语动词用一般过去时。Not knowing how to work out the difficult physics problem，he asked the teacher for help.Because he didnt know how to work out the difficult physics problem，he asked the teacher for help.因为不知道如何解这道物理难题，他求助于老师。2当现在分词表示的动作发生在谓语动作之前，可以用现在分词的完成式在句中作原因状

15、语，其逻辑主语须为句子的主语，该短语的作用相当于一个原因状语从句。该从句的谓语动词须用完成时态表示。Having lived with the girl for 5 years，we all know her very well.Because we have lived with the girl for 5 years，we all know her very well.因为与那个女孩一起生活了五年，我们都非常了解她。 四、现在分词(短语)在句中作条件状语现在分词(短语)在句中作条件状语，其逻辑主语须为句子的主语，该短语相当于一个条件状语从句。Working hard，youll succ

16、eed.If you work hard，youll succeed.如果你努力学习，你就会成功。 五、现在分词(短语)在句中作让步状语现在分词(短语)在句中作让步状语时，相当于一个让步状语从句，有时现在分词前可以带有连词或起连词作用的词组，如although，whether，even if，even though等。Knowing all this，they made me pay for the damage.Although they knew all this，they made me pay for the damage.尽管知道了一切情况，他们还是要我赔偿损失。六、现在分词(短语)

17、在句中作结果状语现在分词(短语)在句中可以作结果状语，它的逻辑主语便是句中的主语，该短语相当于一个结果状语从句，且用主动语态。现在分词(短语)在句中作结果状语时，通常位于句末，中间有逗号。有时为了加强语气，在分词前加thus。Their car was caught in a traffic jam，thus causing the delay.Their car was caught in a traffic jam；thus it caused the delay.他们的车遇上交通阻塞，因而耽误了。七、现在分词(短语)在句中表示方式或伴随现在分词(短语)表示方式或伴随，用来说明动作发生的背

18、景或情况。一般情况下，现在分词所表示的动作与谓语所表示的动作同时发生，它的逻辑主语就是句中的主语，谓语动词作为主要动作，而现在分词表示一个陪衬动作。它没有相应的状语从句可以转换，但可以用并列句来转换。The children ran out of the room，laughing and talking merrily.The children laughed and talked merrily，and they ran out of the room.那些孩子跑出房间，愉快地笑着、说着。注意：动词ing形式作状语时，其逻辑主语必须与句子的主语一致，如果动词ing形式的逻辑主语与句子主语不

19、一致，不可用动词ing形式作状语，但可用状语从句。例如：错误While reading the book，the telephone rang.正确While she was reading the book，the telephone rang.她看书的时候，电话铃响了。错误Looking out through the window，the garden was beautiful.正确Looking out through the window，we found a beautiful garden.透过窗户，我们看见了一座漂亮的花园。八、独立主格结构分词短语作状语时，它的逻辑主语一般须

20、与主句的主语一致。但有时它也可以有自己独立的逻辑主语，这种结构称为独立主格结构。独立主格结构通常用来表示伴随的动作或情况，有时还可以表示时间、原因或条件。Night coming on (When night came on)，we started for home.夜幕降临，我们动身回家了。九、独立成分作状语有些分词短语可以作独立成分，用来解释整个句子，不受句子主语的限制。常见分词短语有：generally speaking(一般来说)，supposing(假设)，judging from/by(从判断)，talking of(谈到)，speaking of(谈到)等。Generally s

21、peaking，girls are more careful than boys.一般说来，女孩比男孩细心。Supposing he is ill，who will do the work?假如他病了，谁来做这工作呢？.句型转换1When she saw the old pictures on the wall，she remembered her happy childhood.Seeing the old pictures on the wall，she remembered her happy childhood.2As he didnt know how to solve the pr

22、oblem，the boy felt very worried.Not knowing how to solve the problem，the boy felt very worried.3She was so angry that she threw the cup on the ground and broke it into pieces.She was so angry that she threw the cup on the ground，breaking it into pieces.4He lay on the grass and stared at the stars in

23、 the sky.He lay on the grass，staring at the stars in the sky.完成句子1Being_more_careful (更细心点)，you can make fewer mistakes.2Being_ill (因为生病)，she could not walk any further.3The fire lasted nearly ten days，leaving_nothing_valuable (没剩下值钱的东西)4I stood by the door，not_daring_to_say_a_word (不敢说一句话).一句多译1一看见

24、她妈妈，小女孩就放声大哭。(1)On_seeing_her_mother，the_little_girl_burst_into_tears.(2)As_soon_as_the_little_girl_saw_her_mother，she_burst_into_tears.(3)The_moment_the_little_girl_saw_her_mother，she_burst_into_tears.2动动脑筋，你就会想出办法来。(1)Using_your_head，you_will_find_a_way.(2)Use_your_head_and_you_will_find_a_way.(3)

25、If_you_use_your_head，you_will_find_a_way.单项填空1Tony lent me the money，_ that Id do as much for him.Ahoping Bto hopeChoped Dhaving hoped答案A解析句意为：托尼借钱给我，希望我以后也能借钱给他。现在分词hoping表示动作与谓语动作同时发生且与句子的主语是逻辑上的主谓关系。不定式多发生在谓语动作之后，而过去分词作状语时与句子的主语是逻辑上的动宾关系；having hoped表示的是发生在谓语动作之前的动作，所以后三个选项均为错误选项。2Mary is really

26、good at taking notes in class.She can _ almost every word her teacher says.Aput out Bput downCput away Dput together答案B解析put out熄灭；put down写下，记下；put away放好，储存；put together组合，放在一起。句意为：玛丽的确擅长在课堂上记笔记，她几乎能记下老师说的每句话。故选B项。3He got up late and hurried to his office，_ the breakfast untouched.Aleft Bto leaveC

27、leaving Dhaving left答案C解析句意为：他因为起床晚了，所以早餐动都没动就匆忙赶往办公室了。题干中got up与hurried是并列的谓语动词，且题干中出现关键标点“逗号”，所以要选择非谓语动词形式作伴随状语。主语he与leave之间为主动关系，因此要用现在分词形式，而不表示被动、完成、目的、将来等语意，故可排除A、B、D三项。4_ an important decision more on emotion than on reason，you will regret it sooner or later.ABased BBasingCBase DTo base答案B解析动词

28、base与逻辑主语you之间构成主谓关系，所以用现在分词作状语。故选B项。5Pressed from his parents，and _ that he has wasted too much time，the boy is determined to stop playing video games.Arealizing BrealizedCto realize Dbeing realized答案A解析分析句子结构可判断，and在句中连接了两个并列的表示原因的状语，即Pressed from his parents和_ that he has wasted too much time，它们的

29、逻辑主语都是句子的主语the boy，而the boy和realize之间构成了逻辑上的主谓关系，故用realize的现在分词形式作状语，表示原因。B项为被动形式；C项为动词不定式，表示动作还未发生；D项为现在分词的被动式，均不符合句意。6Sit down，Emma.You will only make yourself more tired，_ on your feet.Ato keep BkeepingChaving kept Dto have kept答案B解析句意为：埃玛，坐下。一直站着，你将只会使你自己更加疲劳。从题干中可知，这里是非谓语动词用作条件状语。keeping on you

30、r feetif you keep on your feet。having kept表示的动作发生在谓语动词表示的动作之前，不符合句意，故排除C项；动词不定式不能作条件状语，故排除A、D两项。选项B正确。7Do you wake up every morning _ energetic and ready to start a new day?Afeel Bto feel Cfeeling Dfelt答案C解析句意为：你每天早上醒来都精力充沛，准备好开始新的一天吗？feeling短语在句中作伴随状语。8Some high officers were punished by law only b

31、ecause they were _ what didnt belong to them.Ain the possession of Bin possession ofCpossessed Dpossessing答案B解析考查possess的用法。句意为：一些高官受到法律的惩罚仅仅是因为他们占有了不属于他们的东西。in the possession of为所拥有；in possession of拥有；be possessed by被拥有。由句意可知B项正确。9After the operation，you should do suitable exercise to recover your

32、_.Apower BenergyCstrength Dforce答案C解析strength力气，力量。句意为：手术后，你应做点适当的运动来恢复你的体力。power力量，权力；energy精力；force武力。10_ nothing else to do，they went home.AThere being BThere wasCThere DThere to be答案A解析考查独立主格结构。there being相当于because there was，在句中作原因状语。句意为：因为没有别的事做，他们回家了。Writing Skills常用句式1.is one of the greatest

33、 fantasy stories ever written.2The hero is a boy called.and the heroine is a girl called.3There are many extraordinary adventures.4Robots play an important role in our future life.5Both adults and children will enjoy these stories.典例展示2040年的生活会是什么样子呢？请根据以下内容要点，描述2040年某一天的生活情景。1我早上7点起床，因为9点钟在天津有一个重要会

34、议；2让机器人准备早饭，我去冲澡；3我走出别墅，开出上海牌轿车，定好目的地和到达时间就出发了；4太空中心发来email说我的申请报告已经通过，如果再通过体检，就可以迁往月球。我打电话告诉了妈妈，并说回家吃她亲手做的可口晚饭。联想词汇1起床get/wake_up2准备早饭prepare_breakfast3定好目的地和到达时间set_the_destination_and_arriving_time4通知某人某事inform_sb.of_sth.5通过体检pass_the_health_examination范文展示Having an important meeting at 9 oclock

35、in Tianjin，I get up at 700 on April 4,2040.I tell my robot to prepare breakfast before taking a shower，after which I walk out of my villa and pull out my Shanghai Car.I set the destination and arriving time，and then set off.At the moment，the space center calls and informs me of the news that I will move to the moon if I pass the health examination.Immediately I call my mother to share the good news and say that I will go home for the delicious supper from her.