2021高考英语通用一轮复习练习：考点十一　特殊句式 WORD版含解析.doc

1、考点十一特殊句式限时25分钟一、单句语法填空1It was last Saturday _ we visited the History Museum.答案：that此句为强调句型，其中被强调的部分是last Saturday。2When _ (return) home, I met my old friend Paul in the street.答案：returning句意：当我回家时，我在街上遇到了我的老朋友保罗。return的逻辑主语与句子主语I一致，且I与return之间是逻辑上的主谓关系，故填现在分词形式。“when returning home”是“when I was retu

2、rning home”的省略。3Only in this way _ I learn English well.答案：can句意：只有用这种方法，我才能学好英语。当only用在句首强调状语时，句子要用部分倒装。4I wont go to the party tonight even if _(invite)答案：invited此句中even if后省略了I am, invite的逻辑主语与句子主语I一致，且I与invite之间存在被动关系，因此应用invited。5Not only _ (be) I interested in the photography, but I took a cou

3、rse at university.答案：am句意：我不仅对摄影感兴趣，在大学里我还上过摄影课。not only位于句首时，所在分句用部分倒装，且此处描述现在的情况，故填am。6Jim is a student; _ is Tom.答案：so句意：吉姆是一名学生，汤姆也是。指前者情况也适用于后者，意为“某人也”，表肯定意义，用“so助动词主语”。7I cant swim well; _ can Jim.答案：neither/nor句意：我不擅长游泳，吉姆也不擅长。指前者情况也适用于后者，并且指否定意义时，用“neither/nor助动词主语”。8_ (knock) at the door be

4、fore you enter my room, please.答案：Knock句意：进我的房间前请你先敲门。本句为祈使句，故用动词原形。9I have no idea why it is _ he will go there with her.答案：that句意：我不知道他为什么要跟她去那里。idea后面是why引导的同位语从句，为强调句型。10Though _(surprise) to see us, the professor gave us a warm welcome.答案：surprised此句是连词后省略了“主语be”。此句中though后省略了“the professor was

5、”，因此应填形容词surprised。11I drove _ slowly as possible in the heavy traffic.答案：as本句中含有as . as possible的省略结构，意为“尽可能”。12Only _ he apologizes for his rudeness will I speak to him again.答案：when/if句意：只有当他为自己的无礼道歉时，我才会再次跟他说话。“only状语从句”位于句首时，主句需用部分倒装。根据句意可知填when/if。13The headmaster will not permit the change in

6、 the course, _ will he even give it a thought.答案：nor/neither句意：校长不会允许课程变化，他甚至也不会去考虑。“nor/neither助动词主语”是部分倒装结构，意为“也不”。14At the meeting place of the Yangtze River and the Jialingjiang River _ (lie) Chongqing, one of the ten largest cities in China.答案：lies介词短语“At the meeting place of .”放在句首作地点状语时，句子要用完

7、全倒装语序。句子的主语为Chongqing，且叙述客观事实，故填lies。15The driver wanted to park his car near the roadside but was asked by the police _ (not)答案：not to句意：这个司机想把车停在路边，但被警察告知不要这么做。此处是省略，空格处补全为“not to park his car near the roadside”。16One talk with Tom, I believe, _ you will find he is outgoing.答案：and句意：和汤姆谈一谈，我相信你会发现

8、他是外向的。本题是“名词短语and陈述句”的结构，and表示顺承关系，故填and。17_ (devote) to finding ways to make music accessible to all children is Ms Thompson with a touring company of professional musicians.答案：Devoted形容词作表语位于句首时，句子用全部倒装。该句可还原为“Ms Thompson with a touring company of professional musicians is devoted to finding ways

9、to make music accessible to all children.”18Up till now, there has been no scientific evidence about _ it was that caused the death of dinosaurs.答案：what句意：到目前为止，还没有科学证据证明是什么导致了恐龙的死亡。这里强调了恐龙灭绝的原因，即what，因此这是强调句型的特殊疑问句式。19I finally got the job I dreamed about. Never in my life _ I felt so happy.答案：had句

10、意：我最终得到了我梦想的工作。我一生中从来没有这么高兴过。never放在句首，句子用部分倒装，结合前面的got可知，填had。20I went to the classroom as usual. But there, next to my desk, _ (sit) a girl I had never seen before.答案：sat句意：我像平常一样去了教室。但是，在我桌子旁边坐着一个我以前从没见过的女孩。表示地点方位的状语位于句子开头，主语如果是名词，则句子用全部倒装。21He said he _ see a woman in black walking out of the of

11、fice building just now. 答案：did句意：他说他的确看到了一个黑衣女子从办公大楼走出来了。分析句子可知，此处是对谓语动词see的强调，根据时间状语“just now”可知，应该用did表示强调。22Hardly _ (have) she sat down when she heard someone knocking the door. 答案：had句意：她刚刚坐下，就听到有人敲门。hardly . when . 表示“一就”，hardly放在句首，用部分倒装。从句使用一般过去时，主句用过去完成时。故填had。23Are you free tonight? If _，

12、Id like you to meet Tom, my new friend from the States. 答案：so句意：今晚你有空吗？如果有空的话，我想让你见见我的美国新朋友汤姆。if so “如果这样的话”，so替代上文的全部内容，避免重复。24_ Tom shared his idea with us, we would have made more progress. 答案：Had句意：如果汤姆和我们分享他的想法，我们会取得更大的进步。此处是if引导的非真实条件状语从句，使用虚拟语气，省略了if，并将had提前的用法。故填Had。25At the top of the hill

13、_ (stand) an ancient tower, which dates back to the Song Dynasty. 答案：stands句意：在山顶上有一座古塔，它可追溯到宋朝。表示地点的介词短语放在句首，句子用全部倒装。句子的主语是an ancient tower, 故填stands。26Child _ he was, he was able to stand on his own feet. 答案：as/though句意：尽管他是个孩子，但是他已经能够自立了。分析前面的“Child _ he was”可知，是一个由as/though引导的让步状语从句，故填as/though。

14、27She dare not say what she thinks, _ she? 答案：dare主从复合句的反意疑问句部分中的主语和动词需要根据主句确定，当陈述部分的dare是情态动词，反意疑问句部分也用dare，此复合句中主句是否定句，故此处只填dare。28If _ (accept) for the job, you will be informed soon.答案：accepted逗号前是“If you are accepted for the job”的省略形式。当主从句的主语一致，且从句中含有be动词时，可以把从句中的主语和be动词一起省略，故填accepted。29At las

15、t we found a house, in front of which _ (stand) a tall tree.答案：stood介词短语位于句首，且谓语动词是stand时，句子要用全部倒装结构。由found的提示可知，此空应填stand的过去式stood。30Fishing in this river, as far as I know, _ (be) prohibited.答案：is本句中含有插入包含副词的分句，这也是特殊句式的一种，被插入的部分不影响句意和句子的成分。动名词作主语，且描述一般事实，谓语动词be应用is。二、单句改错1At home, there has a CD p

16、layer in my room, and the music is on all the time._答案：hasis句意：在家里我的房间里有一台CD播放器，一直放着音乐。前一分句为there be句型。主语为单数名词a CD player, 故将has改为is。2Only do I know the news here._答案：去掉do句意：这儿，只有我知道这个消息。当only用在句首强调主语时，句子不倒装，强调状语时，句子才倒装。3Well, I do think the horse is a useful animal.So it does._答案：doesis句意：嗯，我的确认为马是

17、很有用的动物。 的确是。分析句意可知，第二句是表示肯定、赞同前面说过的话，意为“确实如此，确实是这样”，对应the horse is，故将does改为is。4Between each of the morning classes are an interval, when the students can have a short break._答案：areis介词短语置于句首时，应用全部倒装，句子的主语是an interval，故将are改为is。5It was in the village where he spent much of his childhood._答案：wherethat

18、分析句子结构可知，本句为强调句，故将where改为that。6Im sorry to tell you that you made a mistake in your test.How can that be? I did it as tell in class!_答案：第二个telltold答语中后一个句子的状语从句为省略“主语be动词”的形式。tell的逻辑主语为I，两者之间为被动关系，还原后为as I was told。7A bit more effort, I think, so you will settle the problem._答案：soand先把插入语I think去掉，则

19、不难看出此句为“(表示条件的)名词短语and陈述句”结构，陈述句表示顺承的结果。8Not until my son had entered the college he realize the importance of time._答案：he前加didnot until位于句首时主句应用部分倒装；由从句的时态可知，主句应用一般过去时，因此在he前加助动词did。9Scarcely I arrived at my second job when a server immediately handed me my first order. _答案：Scarcely后加had此处是“scarcel

20、y . when . ”结构，scarcely用于句首，主句部分倒装。本结构中从句用一般过去时，主句用过去完成时。故在Scarcely后加had。10There appears to have little enthusiasm for your idea._答案：havebe此处表示“人们好像对你的想法没什么热情”。此处为There be句型，其中be可以用appears to be代替，故将have改为be。11Standing on one foot with your eyes closed, and you will soon lose your balance._答案：Standi

21、ngStand句意：闭着眼睛用一只脚站立，你很快就会失去平衡。固定句式：祈使句and/or表示某事经常发生或惯常行为的陈述句。12Though he isnt a driver, he used to._答案：to后加be句意：虽然他现在不是一个司机，但是过去他是。在used to后面如果是系动词be，不能省略。13Only by studying hard and making good preparations for exams we avoid suffering from the pressure of exams._答案：we前加can以“Only介词短语”放在句首的句子，使用部分

22、倒装，结合句意，在we前加can。14Not only I care for my own family, but I also will contribute to building a harmonious society. _答案：only后加will“not only . but also . ”结构放在句首，前面的分句用部分倒装，故在only后加will。15Although Im not a teacher of that famous school, I want to. _答案：to后加be在省略句中，如果不定式中含有be, have, have been，则不能省略，通常保留

23、这些词，故此处在to后加be。特殊句式(一)一、强调句强调句型由“Itis/was被强调部分that/who其他部分”构成，可以用来强调句子的主语、宾语、状语；被强调部分是指人的名词或代词时用who或that均可，其他情况一律用that。判断方法：将It is/was和that/who去掉，若剩下的部分仍能表达完整的句意，则为强调句型；若不能，则不是。1强调句型的一般疑问句形式：Is/Was it被强调部分that/who其他？Was it in the park that Tom lost his watch?2强调句型的特殊疑问句形式：特殊疑问词is/was it that其他？Who_w

24、as_it_that broke the window?3not . until . 结构的强调句型其强调句式为：It is/was not until被强调部分that其他。He didnt go to bed until ten oclock.It_was_not_until ten oclock that he went to bed.注意：强调句型不能用来强调谓语，若要强调句子谓语动词，可将助动词do/does/did置于动词原形之前，用来加强语气。He does like it.I did tell you the news yesterday.二、倒装句1完全倒装(1)表示时间和运

25、动方向的副词或介词短语，如：there, here, up, down, now, then, away, in, out, off等置于句首，且主语是名词时，用完全倒装。当主语为代词时不倒装。Here_comes the first bus.Out_rushed a boy!On_the_top_of_the_mountain_stands a temple.(2)主系表结构中作表语的形容词、分词、介词短语、such等置于句首时用完全倒装。Present_at_the_meeting_were Professor Zhang and many other guests.Seated_on_t

26、he_ground_are a group of young people.2部分倒装(1)“only状语(副词、介词短语、状语从句)”置于句首时，其后用部分倒装；当“only主语”置于句首时，句子不倒装。Only_in_this_way_can you succeed.Only I am here today.(2)表示否定意义的词或短语置于句首时用部分倒装。常见的这类词或短语有not, never, hardly, seldom, rarely, by no means, in no way, in no case, at no time等。Seldom_in_my_life_have I

27、 met so determined a person.At_no_time_should you touch it or get it hurt.(3)so, neither, nor置于句首表示前面的情况也适用于另一人或物时用部分倒装。但是当前面的情况是两种或两种以上时要用It is the same with . 或者So it is with . 结构。Tom likes English. So_do_I.I have never seen the film. Neither_has_he.I like playing basketball and I live in America

28、for many years. So_it_is_with_my_little_brother.(4)在so/such . that . 句型中，当so/such连同其直接修饰的成分置于句首时，主句部分倒装。So moved was she that she couldnt say a word.(5)在if虚拟条件句中，当省略if时，应将were/had/should置于主语之前，形成部分倒装。Should it rain tomorrow, we would stay at home.(6)as/though意为“尽管”，引导让步状语从句时用倒装结构。Tired as he was, he

29、 still went on with his work.Strange though it seems, it is true.限时25分钟一、单句语法填空1(2020河南省焦作市新高三上学期定位考试)Do you want to go swimming tomorrow?Id be glad _.答案：to此处是单独使用不定式符号to代替动词不定式。2(2020广东省深圳市高级中学高三上学期第一次测试)It was in a hot summer holiday _ I visited Qingdao, a port city in Shandong Province.答案：that把It

30、 was和空格处去掉，这个句子结构完整，语意清晰，由此可知，这是一个强调句。强调句的基本结构是：it is/was被强调部分that句子的其他成分，所以填that。3(2020黑龙江省牡丹江市第一高级中学高三上学期开学检测)Chips, soda and candy seem harmless if _ (take) as snacks, but can seriously affect your weight loss.答案：taken此处是状语从句的省略， 完整的从句应该是if they are taken as snacks。4(2020河南省焦作市新高三上学期定位考试)Could I

31、change it for something else, such as a shirt or a hat?Certainly, madam, _ (provide) that it hasnt been worn, and if you have the receipt.答案：providedprovided that意为“假如，假若”，是固定用法。5(2020吉林省梅河口市第五中学等校高三上学期联考)It was only when we took him to the vets on Saturday morning and got his chip scanned _ we foun

32、d out for sure.答案：that本句使用了强调句型，被强调部分为“when we took him to the vets on Saturday morning and got his chip scanned”，故填that。6(2020河南省焦作市新高三上学期定位考试)Why _ go and see Citizen Kane at the Classic Film Festival? Its supposed to be great.答案：not/dont you“Why not动词原形？”意为“为什么不”是一种比较强烈的建议表达；等于why dont you。7(2019

33、天津高考)Why _ (be) there so many flies and so few wolves?答案：are本句是there be句型的疑问句式，根据so many flies and so few wolves可知，be动词应填are。8(2020广西南宁市第三中学高三月考)And she rarely, if _， hears the word used within her company.答案：ever句意：而且，她很少听到公司内部使用这个词。if ever是对发生过的事情的不确定的推测或肯定。9(2020安徽省六校教育研究会高三第一次素质测试)I really need

34、to find a new job!_ do I. Do you see anything good listed?答案：So“so助动词主语”表示前面的情况也适用于另一人或物。10(2020河南省高三阶段性考试)Only then can the State of Utah _ (make) an educated decision on behalf of people and resources.答案：make在句首的only如果后面跟了副词、介词短语或从句等状语，则主句用倒装结构。本句中情态动词can倒装，位于主语之前，谓语动词仍用原形，故填make。11(2020黑龙江省牡丹江市第一

35、高级中学高三上学期开学检测)Here _ (be) a few suggestions for you to prepare yourself better for your interview.答案：are这是一个完全倒装，根据主语a few suggestions可知，be动词应用are。12(2020黑龙江省哈尔滨市第六中学高三上学期第一次调研考试)Not only _ our parents give us life, but they also give us endless love and support, always sharing our happiness and sor

36、row.答案：donot only放句首，句子要部分倒装，把助动词放在主语前面。故填do。13(2020湖北省黄冈市高三质量检测)Not only _ (be) it the ability to recognize how someone feels, but it also values and respects the feelings of another person.答案：is此处是not only置于句首的倒装，根据主语是it可知，be动词应用第三人称，根据but后的values and respects可知时态应用一般现在时，故填is。14(2020河南省焦作市新高三上学期定位

37、考试)Come on, we are not going to argue over that, _ we?答案：are这是一个反义疑问句，因为前面谓语部分是are not, 所以反义部分填are。15(2019北京高考)Not only _ you help our young volunteers to develop personally, youll also learn new skills and increase your cultural awareness.答案：will句意：你们不仅可以帮助我们的年轻志愿者发展个人能力，还可以学习新的技能，提高文化意识。Not only位于

38、句首，构成部分倒装，根据主句中的youll可知，空格处应填will。16(2019天津高考)No sooner _ she leave my doorstep than I had emails from two women whose kids go to my sons nursery and who recognized my face.答案：did句意：她一离开我家，我就收到了两个女人的电子邮件，她们的孩子去了我儿子的托儿所，她们认出了我。no sooner had/did . than . “一就”，No sooner位于句首，构成部分倒装，将助动词提前，根据后面的“I had em

39、ails”可知，空格处应填did。17(2019邢台市高三上学期第一次月考)It was through her study of caterpillars _ she discovered the truth about their life cycles.答案：that句意：正是通过她对于毛毛虫的研究，她才发现了它们生命轮回的真相。本句是强调句型“It is/was . that .”，被强调部分是through her study of caterpillars，故填that。18(2019山东省德州市武城二中高三月考)Not until he retired from teaching

40、 two years ago _ he consider having a holiday abroad.答案：did句意：直到他两年前从教育战线上退休，他才考虑去国外度假。not until结构位于句首时，主句使用部分倒装语序，同时后面是实义动词，根据two years ago判断句子用一般过去时，答案为did。19(2019河南周口中英文学校高三月考)_ I wish my work could be settled within a day! 答案：How句意：我多么希望我的工作可以一天里解决！根据语境可知，本题是一个感叹句，how修饰整个句子，因此填How。20(2019河北省衡水中学

41、高三上学期二调考试)She opened it and let out a deep breath. Inside it _ (be) two sharp knives.答案：were句意：她打开它，深深地吸了一口气。里面是两把锋利的刀。介词Inside在句首，句子应用倒装语序，主语是two sharp knives，是复数形式，与之一致谓语也用复数，结合上句的opened，可知动词时态为一般过去时，故填were。21(2019浙江杭州一次质检)A child, if actively _ (engage) in classroom activities, can be taught many

42、 things.答案：engaged句意：如果一个孩子能积极参加课堂活动，他能学会许多东西。本句为省略句。将本句补全后为：If a child is actively engaged in classroom activities, he can be taught many things.把相同的主语a child和be动词省去，故填engaged。22(2018全国卷)Diets have changed in Chinaand so too _ its top crop.答案：has该句是一个倒装句。当前面的句子是肯定句时，用“so助动词主语”表示“某人也”。助动词的选用根据前面句子的谓

43、语动词来判断。23(2018北京高考)In any unsafe situation, simply _ (press) the button and a highlytrained agent will get you the help you need.答案：press句意：在任何危险的情况下，仅仅摁一下按钮，那么一个高度训练的代理人将使你获得你需要的帮助。分析句子的结构可知，此处是“祈使句and一般将来时”的固定结构。24(2018天津高考)Im moving in a few days and I wonder if you could help.You bet. Just let m

44、e know when, _ Ill be there.答案：and该句式是“祈使句and简单句”，祈使句相当于条件，简单句相当于主句。25(2020惠州市高三第一次调研)When _ (face) with a big challenge where potential failure seems to appear at every corner, maybe youll hear this advice: Be more confident.答案：faced此处是状语从句的省略，可还原为“when you are faced with”。二、单句改错1(2019天津高考)The prof

45、essor warned the students that on no account they should use mobile phones in his class._答案：should置于they前此处表示否定含义的介词短语on no account位于宾语从句句首，宾语从句要用部分倒装结构，故将should置于they前。2(2020安徽省六校教育研究会高三第一次素质测试)It were her perseverance and determination that helped her to get what she deserved at last._答案：werewas句意

46、：正是她的毅力和决心使她最终得到了应得的东西。此处是强调句式，不管被强调部分是单数还是复数，是时间、地点还是原因，强调句型中的be动词一律采用单数形式，故把were改成was。3(2019惠州市高三第一次调研)None of us were familiar with planting, and nor did we knew how to use gardening tools._答案：knewknow句意：我们都不熟悉种植，也不知道如何使用园艺工具。nor放在句首，句子要用部分倒装，所以助动词did在前，此处谓语动词用原形。4(2019湖南长郡中学高三月考)It was not until

47、 his third match in 1790 when he finally beat Humphries and became Champion of England._答案：whenthat句意：正是直到1790年第三次比赛时，他才最后打败Humphries，而成为英国的冠军。本题是一个强调句型，强调“not until . ”部分，而不是when引导的定语从句，故将when改为that。5(2020广东省深圳市高级中学高三上学期第一次测试)Now I still remember what wonderful swimming in the sea was._答案：whathow句意

48、：现在，我仍然记得在海里游泳有多么美妙。how后面接形容词，what后面接名词，所以what改成how。6(2020辽宁省五校协作体高三上学期联合模拟考试)In the end, we accomplished our goal of reading for 100 days. How proudly we were._答案：proudlyproud此处考查感叹句固定句型“How形容词/副词主语谓语！”。此处谓语为系动词，故用形容词。7(2020河南省焦作市新高三上学期定位考试)We camped in the mountains, near Snowtown. We cooked all o

49、ur meals over an open fire.Sound wonderful._答案：SoundSounds“Sounds wonderful.”是“It sounds wonderful.”的省略，故将Sound改为Sounds。8(2020河南省高三阶段性考试)When asking how the public would help beautify Utah Lake, the lakes official workers suggested picking up garbage._答案：askingasked当状语从句的主语和主句的主语一致，且从句中含有be动词时，可以省略从

50、句中的主语和be动词。从句中的ask和主语the lakes official workers为被动关系，意为“被问及”，故用过去分词形式，when askedwhen they were asked。9(2020六安市毛坦厂中学东城校区高三第一次周考)But while eshops can use sights and sounds, only can bricksandmortar shops (实体店) offer a full experience from the minute customers step through the door to the moment they l

51、eave._答案：第二个can置于bricksandmortar shops (实体店)之后当“only主语”置于句首时，句子不倒装。10(2019山西太原检测)There have a time when we young people believe that our parents should stop offering their advice._答案：haveis句意：有这么一段时间，我们年轻人认为我们的父母应该停止提出建议。此处为“there be”句型。There is a time when . “有一段时间”。11(2020广东省深圳市高级中学高三上学期第一次测试)Subm

52、itting four copies of a short story collection, and the novel will be published in 2018 by October 31._答案：SubmittingSubmit本句为“祈使句and陈述句”的固定结构，故将Submitting改为Submit。12(2020黑龙江省牡丹江市第一高级中学高三上学期开学检测)If such, change these and be reasonable with your comparisons._答案：suchsoif so意为“如果这样；要是那样的”。特殊句式(二)三、省略1当状

53、语从句的主语和主句的主语一致或状语从句的主语为it，且从句中含be动词时，可以省略从句中的主语和be动词。While (I_was) in Beijing, I paid a visit to the Summer Palace.Ill buy a TV set if (it_is) necessary.2单独使用不定式符号to，代替动词不定式后被省略的动词，常用在be afraid, expect, forget, hope, intend, like, love, mean, prefer, refuse, seem, try, want, wish等后面。否定形式用not to。I as

54、ked him to play with me, but he didnt want to.Shall I go instead of him?I prefer you not_to.如果不定式中含有be, have, have been，则通常保留这些词。Are you a sailor?No, but I used_to_be.四、反意疑问句1形式：陈述句简短问句。陈述部分用肯定形式时，附加问句用否定形式，反之亦然。附加问句的动词形式及主语由陈述句决定，且主语必须是代词。Your parents had a long talk with you last night, didnt_they

55、?Everything that he says is true, isnt_it?He is never late for school, is_he?2陈述部分是祈使句，肯定祈使句时，反意疑问句用will you或wont you；否定祈使句时，用will you。以lets开头的祈使句，反意疑问句用shall we；以let us/me开头的祈使句，反意疑问句用will you。Look at the blackboard, will/wont_you?Dont make any noise, will_you?Lets go to school, shall_we?Let us go to school, will_you?3陈述部分有表示推测的情态动词must时，反意疑问句的动词与must后的动词一致。They must be sleeping then, werent_they?注意：musthave done，若表示对过去情况的推测，附加问句中动词用didnt；若表示对已完成情况的推测，用havent或hasnt。