（新教材）2022版英语人教版一轮复习课件：选择性必修 第四册 UNIT 3　SEA EXPLORATION .ppt

1、Unit 3Sea ExplorationStep 1 诵读经典渗透文化意识.细品味经典文章Plastic waste in the sea has long been known about,but only now are we discovering the true extent of the problem.Plastic takes hundreds of years to decompose,so all the plastic ever produced still exists somewhere.Around 95%of plastics made are not recy

2、cled,and large amounts enter the sea.Currents collect this waste in large circular systems called“gyres.”One of the largest is in the Pacific Ocean,an area now known as the“Great Pacific Garbage Patch”.The problem gets worse as plastic breaks down into very small pieces.This is eaten by fish and lea

3、ds to massive species loss.Humans also eat these fish,and micro plastic has even been found in tap water around the world.The problem has spread too far to ignore.However,there are some young minds working to clean up and protect the sea for future generations.While diving in Greece,young Boyan Salt

4、 noticed there was more plastic waste than fish.He decided right then to dedicate his life to solving this problem.So he started the Ocean Cleanup project,which places very long floating barriers in hopes of reducing the patch by 50%in just five years.按要求完成任务1.写出文章中与海洋垃圾相关的单词和短语。plastic waste,break

5、down into,micro plastic,clean up,protect the sea,floating barriers 2.写出文章中的优美句式。Plastic waste in the sea has long been known about,but only now are we discovering the true extent of the problem.While diving in Greece,young Boyan Salt noticed there was more plastic waste than fish.Step 2 固本强基锻造语言能力.重

6、点词汇1.withdraw vt.&vi.撤回;撤离【教材原句】Although China withdrew from further expeditions after 1433.(P26)尽管中国在1433年之后就不再进行更深的探险。【词块必记】(1)withdrawwithdrewwithdrawn(2)withdraw from撤回;退出withdraw from school 退学withdraw money取钱【语境速测】写出黑体部分的词义Id like to withdraw from my account(银行账户).()The troops(军队)would withdra

7、w as soon as the economic crisis ended.()完成句子_,he served as a shop assistant to support his family.辍学后,为了养家糊口,他当了售货员。取钱撤军Withdrawing from school2.mercy n.仁慈;宽恕;恩惠【教材原句】Some countries are still“murdering”these intelligent creatures without mercy.(P32)有些国家仍在残忍地杀戮这些机灵的生物。【词块必记】(1)show mercy to sb.同情某人h

8、ave mercy on sb.怜悯某人(2)merciful adj.有怜悯之心的【语境速测】单句语法填空Luckily,we were treated _ mercy.They have mercy _ the homeless.The _(mercy)king saved the young officers from death.Out of kindness,the merciful manager showed mercy _ the poor people.withonmercifulto3.possession usually pl.n.个人财产;拥有;控制【教材原句】The

9、sea is home to life,not human beings possessions.(P32)海洋是生命的源泉,而非人类的私有财产。【词块必记】(1)possess vt.拥有(2)possessionsn.财产in possession of 拥有in the possession of 被所拥有take possession of 拥有【语境速测】单句语法填空People had lost their homes and all their _(possess).We should take possession _the land._(possess)by the scie

10、ntist,the device can bring its potential into full play.possessionsofPossessed完成句子Im afraid he _.恐怕他没有什么幽默感。The gang was caught _stolen goods.这伙人被逮住,人赃俱获。doesnt possess a sense of humourin possession of.核心短语4.in return for 作为回报;换取【教材原句】African royal families sent gifts such as giraffes as gestures o

11、f friendship in return for gold,silk,and spices.(P26)作为友谊的象征,非洲皇室会赠送长颈鹿等礼物,以换取黄金、丝绸和香料。【词块必记】(1)return to someplace重返某地return sth.to sb.归还return=go back/come back(2)in turn轮流,依次take ones turn to do sth.轮到某人做某事【语境速测】完成句子He leaves the house to his sister _(作为她好心的回报).I persuaded him to _(返回中国).She is s

12、till upset and _(焦急地等他回来).He bought a _(双程票)and boarded the next train for home.in return for her kindnessreturn to Chinawaits for his return anxiouslyreturn ticket【写作金句】The passenger wants to give his money back in return for a return ticket.那位乘客想把钱退回来换取一张返程票。5.set sail 起航;开航【典型例句】Merchants and exp

13、lorers from the East set sail from east to west many years before Columbus first did.来自东方的商人和探险家比哥伦布第一艘船早许多年就从东向西航行了。【词块必记】set off for出发动身去某地set out to do着手做某事set about doing着手做某事set aside拨出,留出be set in以为背景【语境速测】用set短语填空The hotel manager _two pleasant rooms for us.The cleaner _cleaning the room.The

14、novel _the Second World War.He suggested that we should _Beijing immediately.set asideset aboutis set inset off for【写作金句】To deal with the pollution issue,the government has set out to take action.为了解决污染问题,政府已经开始采取行动。【备选要点】1.profession n.职业;行业【教材原句】Henry Norman Bethune devoted his life and profession

15、 to helping people.(P28)亨利诺曼白求恩将他的生命和职业都献给了帮助人们。【词块必记】(1)professorn.教授(2)professionaladj.专业的【熟词生义】I dont believe her profession of friendship for us.()声称,声明,表白【语境速测】单句语法填空He is a doctor by _.(professional)He is _(profession)in literature.She is a _(profession)and she wants to buy some relevant _(pro

16、fession)books.professionprofessionalprofessorprofessional【写作金句】His ability carried him to the top of his profession.他的才能使他在他的行业中名列前茅。2.cover v.&n.覆盖;报道;占据;行军路程;书面,封皮【教材原句】To truly understand our planet,we must explore the oceans which cover most of it.(P32)为了更真实地了解我们的星球,我们必须探索海洋,海洋覆盖了星球的大部分。【词块必记】be

17、 covered with被覆盖cover the latest news报道了最新的消息cover about 2,000 square kilometers占据大约2 000平方千米的土地cover an area of.占地多少【语境速测】单句语法填空There is a farm _(cover)more than 100 acres.What an amazing sight!The ground is _(cover)with the snow.写出黑体部分的词义The law does not cover all crimes.()They covered 60 miles in

18、 two days.()$100 should cover your expenses.()coveringcovered涉及行走足够支付3.in hand 在手头;可供使用【教材原句】With lots of food and drink in hand,they set off for their picnic.(P28)在手头有很多食物和饮料之后,他们出发去野餐了。【词块必记】at hand在手边;即将到来on hand在手头;到场,在场by hand 用手工【语境速测】单句语法填空The exam is near _ hand.The letter was written _ hand

19、.I still have some money _hand.My shoes were made _ hand.atbyin/onby【写作金句】I am very pleased to hear that the holiday is at hand/around the corner/approaching.我很高兴听到假期临近/即将来临。Step 3 强化检测提升学习能力.单句语法填空1.(2020全国卷)The unmanned Change-4 probe(探测器)the name was inspired by an ancient Chinese moon goddess_(t

20、ouch)down last week in the South Pole-Aitken basin.2.The median(中位数的)age of an American in 1950 was 30today it is 41 and is expected _(increase)to 42 by 2050.3.(2020全国卷)Landing on the moons far side is _(extreme)challenging.touchedto increaseextremely4.However,greater attention should _(place)on lon

21、gevity.5.We are _(commit)to improving services now.6.After a heated discussion,they failed to arrive at a _(conclude).7.She had made _(remark)progress in her writing skills.8.Its vital that we _(carry)out the operation immediately.9.With no solid evidence,he refused to acknowledge _(steal)the ladys

22、purse.be placedcommittedconclusionremarkable(should)carrystealing.语法填空1.Here is the house,_ roof is covered with weeds.I hope you can help to remove them.2.What you said isnt relevant _ what we are worried about.At the moment,we are dying to know how to deal with the situation.3.On the next street l

23、ies a clinic,where there is a doctor who often helps those _ need.4.It is up _ you to decide whether we should accept his suggestion _ the building be rebuilt immediately.whosetointothat5.I am looking forward _ hearing from you.In your next letter,please introduce _ me how to use the textbook proper

24、ly.6.If you want to know more information,click here.We are a multimedia platform_ you can learn to operate computers.7.Scientists hope to send astronauts to the remote universe one day to have _ better knowledge of the universe.8.We were talking about the loan _ Tom entered the room.He said he came

25、_ an old friend just now on the street.totowhereawhenacrossStep 4 直击高考培养思维品质.话题与阅读理解(2019北京高考阅读理解D)By the end of the century,if not sooner,the worlds oceans will be bluer and greener thanks to a warming climate,according to a new study.At the heart of the phenomenon lie tiny marine microorganisms(海洋

26、微生物)called phytoplankton.Because of the way light reflects off the organisms,these phytoplankton create colourful patterns at the ocean surface.Ocean colour varies from green to blue,depending on the type and concentration of phytoplankton.Climate change will fuel the growth of phytoplankton in some

27、 areas,while reducing it in other spots,leading to changes in the oceans appearance.Phytoplankton live at the ocean surface,where they pull carbon dioxide(二氧化碳)into the ocean while giving off oxygen.When these organisms die,they bury carbon in the deep ocean,an important process that helps to regula

28、te the global climate.But phytoplankton are vulnerable to the oceans warming trend.Warming changes key characteristics of the ocean and can affect phytoplankton growth,since they need not only sunlight and carbon dioxide to grow,but also nutrients.Stephanie Dutkiewicz,a scientist in MITs Center for

29、Global Change Science,built a climate model that projects changes to the oceans throughout the century.In a world that warms up by 3,it found that multiple changes to the colour of the oceans would occur.The model projects that currently blue areas with little phytoplankton could become even bluer.B

30、ut in some waters,such as those of the Arctic,a warming will make conditions riper for phytoplankton,and these areas will turn greener.“Not only are the quantities of phytoplankton in the ocean changing,”she said,“but the type of phytoplankton is changing.”And why does that matter?Phytoplankton are

31、the base of the food web.If certain kinds begin to disappear from the ocean,Dutkiewicz said,“it will change the type of fish that will be able to survive.”Those kinds of changes could affect the food chain.Whatever colour changes the ocean experiences in the coming decades will probably be too gradu

32、al and unnoticeable,but they could mean significant changes.“Itll be a while before we can statistically show that the changes are happening because of climate change,”Dutkiewicz said,“but the change in the colour of the ocean will be one of the early warning signals that we really have changed our

33、planet.”【文章大意】本文是一篇科普文。一份研究表明,到本世纪末,全球气候变暖会导致海洋更蓝更绿,并分析了原因。1.What are the first two paragraphs mainly about?A.The various patterns at the ocean surface.B.The cause of the changes in ocean colour.C.The way light reflects off marine organisms.D.The efforts to fuel the growth of phytoplankton.【解析】选B。主旨

34、大意题。文章第一段主要说明了研究的结论;第二段具体分析了原因,故选B。2.What does the underlined word“vulnerable”in Paragraph 3 probably mean?A.Sensitive.B.Beneficial.C.Significant.D.Unnoticeable.【解析】选A。词义猜测题。由下句可知气候变暖改变了海洋的主要特征,影响浮游生物的生长,因为它们不仅需要阳光和二氧化碳才能生长,而且需要养分,可知本句主要是说浮游生物对气候的变化很敏感。beneficial“有益的”;significant“非同一般的”;unnoticeable

35、“不被注意的;忽略的”,根据语境可知选A。3.What can we learn from the passage?A.Phytoplankton play a declining role in the marine ecosystem.B.Dutkiewiczs model aims to project phytoplankton changes.C.Phytoplankton have been used to control global climate.D.Oceans with more phytoplankton may appear greener.【解析】选D。推理判断题。

36、由第四段可知在一些海域变暖会使浮游生物的生存条件更加成熟,而这些地区将变得更绿。故选D。4.What is the main purpose of the passage?A.To assess the consequences of ocean colour changes.B.To analyse the composition of the ocean food chain.C.To explain the effects of climate change on oceans.D.To introduce a new method to study phytoplankton.【解析】

37、选C。目的意图题。本文主要说全球气候变暖会使海洋更蓝更绿并分析了原因,故选C。【微技能点拨】定位关键句 提炼主旨大意 解答主旨大意题需要对首尾段或文中的某些细节进行语义概括。若考查把握某一段落大意时需全面理解整段的内容,尤其是首尾或某些中间句,此时可采用“定位关键句”的解题方法。本文中第1题为主旨大意题。根据策略解题如下:Step 1题干关键词:first two paragraphsStep 2原文信息关键句:Ocean colour varies from green to blue;thanks to a warming climateStep 3 两者对比,定位关键句:尝试解答_。B【

38、语用提能】话题词汇 climate,marine,organism,ocean,colourful短语句式give off 发出(光等)because of 因为;由于depend on 依靠Itll be+一段时间+before.“多久之后才”熟词新义fuel n.燃料vt.给提供燃料;刺激;推动matter n.物质;事件vi.有关系;要紧project n.计划;项目v.计划;投射;表现【微语法填空】(2019北京高考阅读理解D改编)By the end of the century,if not sooner,the worlds oceans will be bluer and gr

39、eener thanks to a warming climate.At the heart of the phenomenon lie tiny marine microorganisms(海洋微生物)1.(call)phytoplankton.Because of the way light reflects off the organisms,these phytoplankton create colourful patterns at the ocean surface.Ocean colour varies from green to blue,2.(depend)on the t

40、ype and concentration of phytoplankton.Climate change will fuel the growth of phytoplankton in some areas,while reducing it in other spots,leading to changes in the oceans appearance.Phytoplankton live at the ocean surface,3.they pull carbon dioxide into the ocean while giving off oxygen.Phytoplankt

41、on are the base of the food web.If certain kinds begin to disappear from the ocean,it 4.(change)the type of fish that will be able to survive.Those kinds of changes could affect the food chain.Whatever colour changes the ocean experiences in the coming decades will 5._(probable)be too gradual and un

42、noticeable,but they could mean significant changes.The change in the colour of the ocean will be one of the early warning 6._(signal)that we really have changed our planet.1.【解析】called。考查非谓语动词。分析句式结构可知,此处为过去分词作后置定语,名词microorganisms与动词call之间为被动关系,故填called。2.【解析】depending。考查非谓语动词。分析句式结构可知,此处为现在分词作状语,逻

43、辑主语Ocean colour 与动词depend之间为主动关系,故填depending。3.【解析】where。考查连接词。分析句式结构可知,此处为定语从句,先行词为地点名词,定语从句不缺主语和宾语,所以用关系副词where引导,故填where。4.【解析】will change。考查动词时态。分析句式结构可知此处前后为if引导的条件状语从句,符合“主将从现”,故填will change。5.【解析】probably。考查词性转换。此处修饰系动词be用副词,故填probably。6.【解析】signals。句意:海洋颜色的变化将是我们确实改变了地球的早期预警信号之一。根据句意可知此处用名词复

44、数,符合语境,故填signals。.话题与写作阅读下面短文,根据其内容写一篇60词左右的内容概要。In 1971,Chinas first subway line in Beijing was formally put into operation.By December 2017,there were 171 subway lines stretching over 5,083 km in 35 cities on the Chinese mainland.Currently,China has the longest urban railway network in the world.T

45、he rapid development of Chinas urban railway system reflects the countrys growing economic strength.The system has experienced the fastest growth over the past 15 years due to the investment of wealth accumulated from the reform and opening up in urban infrastructure construction.An urban railway sy

46、stem is expensive to build,with one kilometer of subway costing approximately 700 million yuan($110 million).A city without economic strength cannot develop such an expensive system.The progress in urban railway construction technologies has also contributed to the fast expansion of the infrastructu

47、re.Subway construction involves building underground tunnels,laying rails,manufacturing trains and the operation and management of subways.It is a systematic project which not only covers traditional infrastructure building but also modern electronics and information technology.Chinas railway constr

48、uction technologies are the best in the world,with Chinese subway trains now exported to developed countries including the United States.The expansion of Chinese cities has made it necessary to develop urban railway systems.Since the start of the reform and opening up,a large number of people have m

49、igrated to cities and the number of private cars has increased dramatically,resulting in serious traffic congestion.Building subways has become an important way to solve this problem.The rapid development of Chinas urban railway system exemplifies the achievements made by the policy.As China further

50、s its opening up,it will continue to maintain steady and rapid economic growth and railway systems will be available in more and more cities._Step 1 写作技巧1.通读全文,确定体裁,明确主题体裁:说明文主题:中国地铁的发展2.定位主题句和关键词,变换表达方式(词性转换+句式转换)The rapid development of Chinas urban railway system reflects the countrys growing eco

51、nomic strength.(词性转换)The fast development of Chinese urban railway system is _China s prosperous economy.a reflection ofThe progress in urban railway construction technologies has also contributed to the fast expansion of the infrastructure.The expansion of Chinese cities has made it necessary to de

52、velop urban railway systems.(句式转换:将两句用not only.but also连接成一句)_ _stimulates the urban railway construction.Not only the growing construction technologies but also the expansion ofChinese citiesAs China furthers its opening up,it will continue to maintain steady and rapid economic growth and railway s

53、ystems will be available in more and more cities.(用with短语改写句子并提炼要点)_,more urban railways will come into use.With the deepening of the reform and opening up policyStep 2 妙笔成篇(适当加入一些细节或衔接词)The past few decades have witnessed the fast development of Chinese urban railway system both in number and lengt

54、h,which is a reflection of Chinas prosperous economy.(要点 1)Actually,not only the growing construction technologies but also the expansion of Chinese cities with booming population and heavy traffic stimulates the urban railway construction.(要点2)With the deepening of the reform and opening up policy,

55、more urban railways will come into use.(要点3)阅读填句Everyone knows that fish is good for health.1But it seems that many people dont cook fish at home.Americans eat only about fifteen pounds of fish per person per year,but we eat twice as much fish in restaurants as at home.Buying,storing,and cooking fis

56、h isnt difficult.2This text is about how to buy and cook fish in an easy way.3Fresh fish should smell sweet:you should feel that youre standing at the oceans edge.Any fishy or strong smell means the fish isnt fresh.4When you have bought a fish and arrive home,youd better store the fish in the refrig

57、erator if you dont cook it immediately,but fresh fish should be stored in your fridge for only a day or two.Frozen fish isnt as tasty as the fresh one.There are many common methods used to cook fish.5First,lean it and season it with your choice of spices(调料).Put the whole fish on a plate and steam i

58、t in a steam pot for 8 to 10 minutes if it weighs about one pound.(A larger one will take more time.)Then,its ready to serve.A.Do not buy it.B.The easiest is to steam it.C.This is how you can do it.D.It just requires a little knowledge.E.The fish will go bad within hours.F.When buying fish,you shoul

59、d first smell it.G.The fats in fish are thought to help prevent heart disease.【文章大意】文章主要介绍了一些买鱼和做鱼的常识。带有强烈味道的鱼不新鲜,最简单的做鱼方法是蒸鱼。1.【解析】选G。考查上下文语境理解。第一句“Everyone knows that fish is good for health.”是总写,But表示转折,说明前面一句是对第一句的解释,G项“鱼中的脂肪有助于预防心脏病”符合语境,故选G。2.【解析】选D。考查上下文语境理解。题目前一句“Buying,storing,and cooking f

60、ish isnt difficult”可知,购买,存放和做鱼并非难事,再根据后面一句可知,文章主要介绍了买鱼和做鱼的简单知识,D项“这仅仅需要一点知识”符合语境,此题容易与C项混淆,C项后面应该直接跟做鱼的方法,即C项与后一句重复,故选D。3.【解析】选F。考查上下文语境理解。根据“Fresh fish should smell sweet”可知,本段讲的是买鱼的时候要闻一下鱼的气味,故选F。4.【解析】选A。考查上下文语境理解。根据前一句“Any fishy or strong smell means the fish isnt fresh.”可知,带有强烈的味道的鱼都不是新鲜的,不应该买这样的鱼,A项与前一句联系紧密,故选A。5.【解析】选B。考查上下文语境理解。根据“Put the whole fish on a plate and steam it in a steam pot”可知,本段介绍的是蒸鱼的方法,故选B。