2022届新高考英语一轮练习22　语法填空＋阅读理解 WORD版含解析.docx

1、练习22语法填空阅读理解.语法填空2021浙江省绍兴市诊断性考试说明文212词Ifyoualwayshatecertainvegetables, youmaybemorethanapickyeater.Instead, youmightbea“supertaster”，aperson_1_bittergenes(苦味基因).Thosewhohavethe“bitter genes”are2.6timesmorelikelytoeat_2_ (few) vegetablesthanothers, accordingtoanewstudy_3_ (present) atanannualmeetin

2、g.“Wedontgetthetasteoffoodequally，”saidprofessorDuffy, afoodtasteexpert.“It could explain some of the differences in our food _4_ (prefer).”Abouthalfofuscantastebitterandsweet, sowearenotespeciallysensitivetobitterfood.Another25%arecalled“nontasters”，to_5_bitterfoodmightactuallybeabitsweeter.Therest

3、ofusare_6_ (extreme) sensitivetothebitternessthatsome_7_ (plant) developtokeepanimalsfromeatingthem.Foodscientistsaretryingtodevelopwaysto_8_ (reduce) thebitternessinvegetables, hopingthatwecankeepsupertastersfromrejectingvegetables.Infact, somevegetableswegrowtoday_9_ (be) muchsweeterthanbefore.Wem

4、ightalsotrytousevariouscookingmethods, eitherbyaddingsomefat, sweetness, strongflavorslikegarlic_10_roastingthem, toimprovethetasteofthevegetables.阅读理解A2021河北衡水中学联考说明文335词Forthefirsttime, arathaswonaBritishaidgroupstopawardforanimalbravery.Theanimalisbeinghonoredforitsworksearchingoutunexplodedlandm

5、ines (地雷) inCambodia.MagawawasborninTanzaniain2014, andhesalittlebiggerthannormalrats.Magawaandseveralotherratsarepartofthe“Hero Rat”programrunbyagroupcalledAPOPO.Becausetheratsaresolight, thereslittledangerthattheywillcauseaccidentswhileworking.FromayoungagehewastrainedtosniffoutTNT (炸药).Thetrainin

6、gnormallytakesaboutayear.Magawasmainjobistosniffoutakindofbomb, knownasalandminewhichishidden, usuallyunderground.InCambodia, whereMagawaworks, landmineswerecommonduringlongperiodsofcivilwar.Since1979, thesemineshavekilledorinjuredover64，000people.Magawaistakenouttoaminefield, whichhecarefullygoesov

7、er, sectionbysection.Magawasmaster, Malen, guideshimcarefullyacrossthefieldonaleash (皮带).WhenMagawafindsalandmine, hescratchesatthedirtaboveit, wigwaggingthathesfoundsomething.Becausetheratsworkbysniffing, theyreveryfast.ItonlytakesMagawa30minutestosearchanareaasbigasatenniscourt.Ahumandoingthesamej

8、obwouldtakefourdays.MalensaysthatMagawaandhiscolleaguesareveryconfidentinthefield.Heworksquicklyandiseasilyabletomakedecisionsaboutwhethersomethingisadangerornot.Magawaisthestarsnifferofthe“Hero Rat”program.Hesfound39landminesand28bombsthatweredroppedfromplanes, butneverexploded.1WhatmadeMagawajoini

9、nthe“Hero Rat”program?AHisbeneficialbirthplace.BHisgreatachievements.CHisstricttraining.DHisbeinglightinweight.2Whatdoestheunderlinedword“wigwagging”meaninParagraph4?ASignaling.BPretending.CRemembering.DAccepting.3WhatcanbeinferredaboutMagawawhenheisworking?AHefindsaminefieldineffectively.BHemakesac

10、curatejudgments.CHehasotherratsactconfidently.DHespendsmostofhistimediggingdirt.4Whereisthetextprobablytakenfrom?AAtextbook.BAnovel.CAnewspaper.DAdiary.B2021东北师范大学附中摸底考试说明文328词Asweallknow, mostanimalsonlyperformtrickswhengiventreats.However, Kim, theworldsfirstspidertolearnaskill, needsnostimulus (刺

11、激) todowhatshelovesjumpingtodifferentheightsanddistancesupontheinstructionofateamofscientistsfromtheUniversityofManchester.Whiletheideaoftrainingaspidermightsoundevil, theresearchersmotiveswerepurelyscientific.Theyaretryingtounlockthesecretsbehindthejumpingspidersextraordinarilyhighleapstocatchprey

12、(猎物) ortoescapetheirenemies.Abetterunderstandingofthespidersleapswouldhelpexpertsdevelopmoreefficientflyingandjumpingrobots.ThescientistsfoundthatKimcouldgatherenoughforceinherlegstojumpmorethansixtimesthelengthofherownbodyfromastationaryposition.Whatwasevenmoreamazingwasthatshealwayslandedperfectly

13、.Forshorterdistances, Kimusedalotofenergy, resultinginquickleaps, whichtheresearchersbelieveprobablyincreasesherchancesofcatchingfastmovingprey.Thefartherthedistancewas, thelessextraenergywasused, resultinginslowerbutpreciseleaps.Previousstudieshaveindicatedthatspidersuseboththeirmusclesandhydraulic

14、 (液压的) pressureamechanismbywhichbloodistransferredtotheirextendedlegstomakethempushofftheground.However, inKimscase, herlegmusclesaloneappearedtobegeneratingenoughforcefortheliftoff.Theresearchersnowintendtodofurtherresearchtocomprehendfullynotjustthespidersjumpingtechnique, butthatofotherinsectsasw

15、ell.“Wearefamiliarwithrobotsthatareaimedattakingoverhumanfunctions, buttherearemillionsofinsectsintheworldthatperformspecificfunctionsthatwehaveinterestinandcanbeadaptedforrobotics，”saysNabawy, theleadingengineeroftheresearchingteam.5Whatisthepurposeofscientistsresearchingthejumpingspiders?ATohavefu

16、nandrelax.BTohelpdeveloprobots.CTogetridofspiders.DToprotectthisspecies.6WhydidKimusealotofenergyforshortleaps?ATojumphighenough.BTolandmoreprecisely.CTocatchfastmovingprey.DToincreasechancesofescape.7Whatdoestheunderlinedword“that”inthelastparagraphreferto?AJumpingtechnique.BLegmuscles.CFurtherrese

17、arch.DEnergyforliftoff.8Whatcanbeasuitabletitleforthispassage?AJumpingTechniquesUsedbyJumpingSpidersBJumpingSpidersInspiredDevelopingRobotsC.AnimalsPerformTricksifProvidedWithTreatsDTheWorldsFirstSpiderThatJumpsonDemand黄金考点语法填空时态考点30时态与上下文要一致考例Actually, I_ (start) tolearnkungfuwhenIwassevenyearsold.

18、点拨根据时间状语从句whenIwassevenyearsold可知，此处是在叙述过去的事情，应用一般过去时，故填started。考点31并列成分前后时态要一致考例Theinstructorkeptrepeatingthewords, “Speedup！”“Slowdown！”“_ (turn) left！”点拨根据前面教练发出的两个指令可知，这三个短句属于并列结构，都是祈使句，谓语动词用原形，所以应填Turn，跟前面的Speed和Slow一致。练习22语法填空阅读理解.语法填空1with2.fewer3.presented4.preference5.whom6extremely7.plants

19、8.reduce9.are10.or.阅读理解A1答案与解析：D根据第二段最后一句可知，Magawa能够加入该计划的原因是重量轻。2答案与解析：A当Magawa发现地雷时，他会抓上方的泥土，这是找到某物的信号。3答案与解析：B根据最后一段中“He works quickly and is easily able to make decisions about whether something is a danger or not”可知，Magawa判断准确。4答案与解析：C本文介绍了一只非洲鼠因扫雷而荣获奖章，属于新闻时事类，很可能来自于报纸。B【语篇解读】本文是一篇科技类的说明文。研究人员

20、对跳蛛进行了研究，发现它们对于不同的距离会利用不同的策略进行跳跃。科学家们希望研究跳蛛的跳跃方式对研究机器人有所帮助。5答案与解析：B细节理解题。根据第二段最后一句可知，科学家们研究跳蛛跳跃能力的目的在于帮助开发更高效的飞行和跳跃机器人。故选B项。6答案与解析：C细节理解题。根据第三段中的“Forshorterdistances, Kimusedalotofenergy, resultinginquickleaps, whichtheresearchersbelieveprobablyincreasesherchancesofcatchingfastmovingprey.”可知，金用大量的能量

21、进行短距离跳跃是为了捕捉快速移动的猎物。故选C项。7答案与解析：A词义猜测题。根据画线词前半句Theresearchersnowintendtodofurtherresearchtocomprehendfullynotjustthespidersjumpingtechnique可知，此处应表示研究人员不仅要全面了解跳蛛的跳跃技术，还要了解其他昆虫的跳跃技术，因此此处的that指代jumpingtechnique。故选A项。8答案与解析：B主旨大意题。通读全文可知，本文介绍了研究人员对跳蛛进行了研究，发现它们对于不同的距离会利用不同的策略进行跳跃。科学家们希望研究跳蛛的跳跃方式对研发机器人有所帮助。由此可知“跳蛛启发研制机器人”适合作本文标题。故选B项。