2022届新高考英语一轮练习57　语法填空＋阅读理解 WORD版含解析.docx

1、练习57语法填空阅读理解.语法填空2021全国甲卷175词TheXianCityWallisthemostcompletecitywallthathassurvivedChinaslonghistory.It_1_ (build) originallytoprotectthecity_2_theTangdynastyandhasnowbeencompletelyrestored (修复).Itispossible_3_ (walk) orbiketheentire14kilometers.WeaccessedthewallthroughtheSouthGate.Thewallis12meter

2、shighandfromhereyoucanseestreamsofpeoplemovinginsideandoutsidetheCityWall.After_4_ (spend)sometimelookingatallthedefensiveequipmentatthewall, wedecideditwastimeforsomeactionandwhat_5_ (good) thantorideonapieceofhistory!We_6_ (hire) ourbikesfromtherentalplaceattheSouthGate.Mybikewasoldandshaky_7_didt

3、hejob.Ittookusabout3hourstogoall_8_wayaroundtheXianCityWall.Supposedlyyoucandoitintwohours, butwestoppedatthedifferentgatesand_9_ (watchtower) totakepicturesorjusttowatchthelocalpeoplegoingabouttheir_10_ (day) routines.阅读理解A2021抚州六校联考记叙文248词NobellaureateCNYangandTuringAwardwinnerYaoQizhihavebecomeCh

4、inesecitizensandofficiallyjoinedtheChineseAcademyofSciences(CAS) asacademicians, theacademysofficialfaculty (科) officesaidonTuesday, Feb21st2018.TheyarethefirstoverseasscientiststorelinquishtheirforeigncitizenshiptojoinofficialfacultyofChinashighestscientificresearchorganization.Yang, 94, wouldjoint

5、hemathematicalphysicsdepartment, whileYao, 70, wouldentertheinformationtechnologyandsciencedepartment.Theyarebothinternationallydistinguishedscholars, thefacultyofficesaidinapressstatement.“TheirentryintotheacademysfacultywillincreasetheinfluenceofChinasscientificcirclesglobally.YangandhiscolleagueL

6、iZhengdaoreceivedthe1957NobelPrizeinPhysicsfortheirworkonparitynonconservationofweakinteraction, becomingthefirstChinesetowinaNobelPrize.YaoreceivedtheTuringAward, themostfamousawardincomputerscience, in2000“in recognition of his fundamental contributions to the theory of computation, including the

7、theory of pseudorandom number generation, cryptography, and communication complexity.”Inlate2017, bothscientistsgaveuptheirforeignnationalityandsubmittedtheirrequesttojointheacademy.Theofficehadtocarryoutnewprocedurestoacceptthem.Inrecentyears, theofficeisactivelytryingtobuilda“big academician famil

8、y”，connectingwellknownscholarsaroundtheworldtocontributetoChinasmajorscientificdevelopment.Therearenow754Chineseand78foreignscientistsattheacademy.1Whatdoestheunderlinedword“relinquish”inparagraph2mean?APossess.BAbandon.CDemand.DHate.2Whatdoweknowaboutthetwoscholars?ATheystudyphysics.BTheyreceivedth

9、eNobelPrize.CTheywererecognizedashereceiversofTuringAward.DTheyshouldfollowsomeentryproceduresconductedbytheofficialfacultyoffice.3Whatdoestheofficethinkofthetwoscholarsentryintotheacademysfaculty?AItwillincreaseChinaseconomicpositionglobally.BItwillinspiremorepeopletogofortheNobelPrize.CItwillimpro

10、vetheglobalinfluenceofChinasscientificcircles.DItwillmakethesciencedepartmentsinChinamoreharmonious.4Whatsthemainpurposeofthefifthparagraph?ATotellusYaosgreatachievements.BToexplainwhyYaowilljointheoffice.CToshowhowstrongChinasacademyteamis.DTocompareYangwithYaointermsofscience.B2021郑州质量预测说明文365词Ima

11、gineyourestandinginlinetobuyasnackatastore.Youstepuptothecounterandthecashierscansyourfood.Next, youhavetopay.ButinsteadofscanningaQRCode (二维码) withyoursmartphone, youjustholdoutyourhandsothecashiercanscanyourfingerprint.Or, acamerascansyourface, youreyesorevenyourear.Now, thistypeoftechnologymightn

12、otbefaraway.Astechnologycompaniesmoveawayfromthetraditionalpassword, biometric (生物特征识别的) security, whichincludesfingerprint, faceandvoiceID, isbecomingincreasinglypopular.In2013, AppleintroducedtheiPhone5s, oneofthefirstsmartphoneswithafingerprintscanner.Sincethen, usingonesfingerprinttounlockaphone

13、andmakemobilepaymentshasbecomeacommonplace, bringingconveniencetoourlives.Andsince2016, Samsunghasfeaturedeyescanningtechnologyinitstopsmartphones, whileApplesnewiphoneXcanevenscanausersface.Butdespiteitspopularity, expertswarnthatbiometricsmightnotbeassecureasweimagine.“Biometricsisideallygoodinpra

14、ctice, notsomuch，”saidJohnMichener, abiometricsexpert.WhenintroducingthenewiPhonesfaceIDfeature, PhilSchiller, Applesseniorvicepresident, said.“The chance that a random person in the population could look at your iPhones X and unlock it with their face is about one in a million.”Butitsalreadybeendon

15、e.InavideopostedonacommunitywebsiteReddit, twobrothersshowedhowtheywereeachabletounlockthesameiPhoneXusingtheirownface.Andtheyarenteventwins.“Wemayexpecttoomuchfrombiometrics，”AnilJain, acomputerscienceprofessoratMichiganStateUniversity, toldCBSNews.“No security systems are perfect.”Earlierlastyear,

16、 Jainfoundawaytotrickbiometricsecurity.Usingaprintedcopyofathumbprint, shewasabletounlockadeadpersonssmartphoneforthepolice, accordingtoatechwebsiteSplinter.“Itsgoodtoseebiometricsbeingusedmore，”JaintoldCBSNews, “because it adds another factor for security. But using multiple security measures is th

17、e best defense.”5Whichisthelatestidentificationtechnologyinasmartphoneaccordingtothepassage?AFacescanning.BEyescanning.CQRCodescanning.DFingerprintscanning.6WhatisamajorproblemoftheiPhoneXsfaceIDsystem?AIttakestoolongtounlockthephone.BItoftenfailstorecognizeitsownersface.CFacedatacanbeusedforotherpu

18、rposes.DDifferentfacescanbeusedtounlockthesamephone.7WhatisAnilJainsopinionaboutbiometricsecurity?AItisassecureastraditionalmeasures.BItisperfectwithoutmuchimprovement.CIthascausedmuchtroubleforthepolice.DItshouldbeusedwithothersecuritymeasures.8Whatdoestheauthorintendtotellusinthispassage?AThepopul

19、arityofbiometrics.BSecurityproblemsofbiometrics.CVariousproblemswithbiometrics.DGreatchangescausedbybiometrics.练习57语法填空阅读理解.语法填空【语篇解读】本文是一篇记叙文。主要介绍了作者骑租来的自行车游览中国悠久历史中幸存下来最完整的城墙西安古城墙的一次美好经历。1答案与解析：wasbuilt考查时态和语态。分析句子结构可知，空处在句中作谓语，与主语it构成动宾关系，故用被动语态；且根据originally可知，此处描述的是过去的情况，故用一般过去时，所以填wasbuilt。2答案

20、与解析：in考查介词。表示“在朝代”应用介词in。3答案与解析：towalk考查固定句型。分析句子可知，此处是固定句型“Itisadj.(forsb.) todosth.”，It是形式主语，动词不定式短语是真正的主语。4答案与解析：spending考查非谓语动词。空前的After为介词，后应接动词的ing形式。故填spending。5答案与解析：better考查形容词的比较级。分析句子结构，且根据空后的than可知，空处应用good的比较级。6答案与解析：hired考查时态。根据上下文可知，此句描述的是过去的情况，故用一般过去时。7答案与解析：but考查连词。根据空处前后的句意可知，“自行车又

21、旧又摇晃”与“能骑”之间是转折关系。故用表转折的连词but。8答案与解析：the考查冠词。alltheway为固定短语，意为“一直，一路上”。9答案与解析：watchtowers考查名词的单复数。并列连词and连接的词在形式上应保持一致，and前的gates是名词的复数形式，故空处应用所给词的复数形式watchtowers。10答案与解析：daily考查词性转换。修饰名词routines应用形容词形式，dailyroutine为固定搭配，意为“日常生活”。.阅读理解A1答案与解析：B根据第一段中的“have become Chinese citizens”和第六段中的“both scienti

22、sts gave up their foreign nationality”可知，他们两个人放弃了外国公民身份，加入了中国国籍。B项正确。2答案与解析：D从第六段中的“The office had to carry out new procedures to accept them.”可知，他们进入社会需要遵循一些新程序。D项正确。3答案与解析：C根据第三段中的“Their entry into the academys faculty will increase the influence of Chinas scientific circles globally.”可知，两位科学家的加入会

23、提升中国在世界科学圈子里的影响力。C项正确。4答案与解析：A文章第五段着重讲的是姚期智的成就。他获得了计算机科学最高奖项图灵奖。A项正确。B5答案与解析：A根据第三段中的“since2016, Samsunghasfeaturedeyescanningtechnologyinitstopsmartphones, whileApplesnewiphoneXcanevenscanausersface.”可知，Facescanning是智能手机最新的识别技术。A项正确。6答案与解析：D根据第四段中的“In a video posted on a community website Reddit, t

24、wo brothers showed how they were each able to unlock the same iPhone X using their own face. And they arent even twins.”可知，theiPhoneXsfaceIDsystem的一个主要问题就是不同的脸可以用来解锁同一个电话。D项正确。7答案与解析：D根据最后一段中的“JaintoldCBSNews，becauseitaddsanotherfactorforsecurity.Butusingmultiplesecuritymeasuresisthebestdefense.”可知，应与其他安全措施一起使用。D项正确。8答案与解析：B纵观全文，本文作者主要在讲的是生物特征识别的安全问题。B项正确。