2021版高考英语增分大一轮人教版精练：必修5 UNIT 1　GREAT SCIENTISTS WORD版含答案.doc

1、必修5Unit 1Great scientists.阅读“IF ALIENS are so likely, why have we never seen any?”That is the Fermi Paradox(悖论)named after Enrico Fermi, a physicist who posed it in 1950.Fermis argument ran as follows.The laws of nature supported the appearance of intelligent life on Earth.Those laws are the same th

2、roughout the universe.The universe contains zillions of stars and planets.So, even if life is unlikely to arise on any particular astronomical body, the sheer abundance of creation suggests the night sky should be full of alien civilizations.Fermi wondered why aliens had never visited the earth.Toda

3、y, the paradox is more usually cast in light of the inability of radio-telescope searches to detect the equivalent(相等的)of the radio waves that leak from Earth into the universe, and have done for the past century.Thinking up answers to this apparent contradiction has become something of a scientific

4、 parlour(客厅)game.Perhaps life is really very unlikely.Perhaps the priests are right: human beings were put on Earth by some creator God for his own unknown purposes, and the rest of the universe is merely background scenery.Perhaps there are plenty of aliens, but they have decided that discretion is

5、 a safer bet than gathering together.Or perhaps galactic(银河的)society avoids communicating with Earth specifically.One frightening idea is that technological civilizations destroy themselves before they can make their presence known.They might blow themselves up after inventing nuclear weapons (an in

6、vention that, on Earth, Fermi had been part of),or cook themselves to death by over-burning fossil fuels.In a paper published last month on arXiv, an online repository(文献库),a group of three astronomers at Pennsylvania State University have analyzed the history of alien hunting and come to a differen

7、t conclusion.In effect,they reject one of the paradoxs main pillars.Astronomers have seen no sign of aliens, argue Jason Wright and his colleagues, because they have not been looking hard enough.1.What is the Fermi Paradox?A.The law of universe supported the appearance of aliens but we never see any

8、.B.A theory about whether aliens exist on the earth and why we cant see them.C.Fermi thought that aliens never existed because it was completely a paradox.D.Fermi concluded that aliens did exist but they could not be seen by humans.2.What can we conclude from the second paragraph?A.The universe does

9、nt provide the abundance of creation of life.B.Fermi thought aliens never visited the earth in the history of human.C.The inability of radio-telescope may result in the failure of finding aliens.D.The civilizations on the earth have been detected by aliens in the universe.3.What does the word underl

10、ined in the third paragraph mean?A.Getting together. B.Fighting each other.C.Hating each other.D.Living separately.4.How do Jason Wright and his colleagues find the Fermi Paradox?A.They firmly believe that it is out of date.B.They actually doubt the base of the paradox.C.They want to prove that it i

11、s completely right.D.They conclude that aliens actually never exist.语篇解读:这是一篇夹叙夹议的文章。文章主要讲了许多科学家怀疑费米悖论的内容。答案及剖析:1.A细节理解题。根据第一段“IF ALIENS are so likely, why have we never seen any?”That is the Fermi Paradox(悖论)named after Enrico Fermi, a physicist who posed it in 1950.(“如果外星人有可能存在,为什么我们从来没有见过任何外星人?”这

12、就是费米悖论以1950年提出它的物理学家恩里科费米命名。)由此可知宇宙法则支持了外星人的出现,但我们从来没有看到过,故选A。2.C推理判断题。根据第二段Today, the paradox is more usually cast in light of the inability of radio-telescope searches to detect the equivalent(相等的) of the radio waves that leak from Earth into the universe, and have done for the past century.(今天,这个

13、悖论通常是由于射电望远镜无法探测到过去一个世纪以来,从地球传到宇宙的无线电波),由此可知射电望远镜的失灵,可能导致寻找外星人的失败,故选C。3.D词义猜测题。根据第三段Perhaps there are plenty of aliens, but they have decided that discretion is a safer bet than gathering together(也许有很多外星人,但他们认为分开住比聚在一起更安全),可知划线部分是“分开住”的含义,故选D。4.B细节理解题。根据最后一段In effect, they reject one of the paradox

14、s main pillars.Astronomers have seen no sign of aliens, argue Jason Wright and his colleagues, because they have not been looking hard enough.(实际上,他们拒绝接受悖论的主要理论支柱之一。Jason Wright和他的同事们认为,天文学家们之所以没有找到外星人,是因为他们没有尽力去找),故选B。.七选五If youre going abroad for college, you might be thinking about how to get you

15、rself a safe and cozy home for the years ahead.Of course, dormitories are always a good place to start, but some large state colleges require juniors to live off campus due to the limited number of dorm rooms.1.How to find a house2.If you are just a freshman and dont know many people, dont hesitate

16、to approach some upperclassmen in your classes or clubs.More often than not, upperclassmen have more experience with renting and are more familiar with the area your school is in.Another good idea is to talk to seniors who are currently living off campus.These seniors landlords will most likely be l

17、ooking for new tenants (房客) after graduation.Also, registered realtors(房地产经纪人)might be able to find you a place for a fee.In addition, Facebook groups can also provide some useful information.3.RoommatesHaving roommates can not only save us some money, but also give us valuable companionship.However

18、, remember that finding the right roommates for you is the most important thing, other than safety concerns.4., definitely do not lie about your preferences, schedule, or habits, even if talking about them could make you uncomfortable.On the other side, also remember to ask your potential roommates

19、to tell you about themselves in detail.5.,please do everybody a favor by being upfront about it.Constantly running into conflicts with your quiet roommate is definitely the last thing you want.A.If you are a party animalB.While looking for roommatesC.Get along well with your roommatesD.When having a

20、 chat with your roommateE.First, you can ask your friends who are already living off campusF.However, be really careful if you get in touch with strangers through the InternetG.Nevertheless, renting an apartment can give you some hands-on experience with living答案:1-5GEFBA.完形填空Every year,the fifth gr

21、aders at Brookstone Elementary went on a field trip to Washington,DC.Terence 1 the exciting trip,and was 2 to go next year.Terence asked his parents 3 if they would pay for half of the trip if he earned the other half of the money himself.His parents agreed.He had almost a year to earn $150.His firs

22、t 4 was to earn money through baby-sitting,and he typed a nice letter 5 that he would baby-sit during his neighbors 6 .He named a few afternoons available and said he would charge $1 per hour per child.After five baby-sitting 7,he earned $45.When the 8 weather arrived,Terence knocked on his neighbor

23、s doors to ask if they needed help with yard work.He helped with mowing (修剪) and weeding gardens.After the summer was over,he earned $75.When the fall arrived,he counted his money and 9 that he still needed $40 for his trip.Soon his mom saw a(n) advertisement for a job for him.He got a job 10 newspa

24、pers every Wednesday afternoon,making 5 cents for every paper,$10 11 each Wednesday.It wasnt long before he had 12 money to go on the trip to Washington,DC.He was just in time.The class trip was on October 15.His mom and dad gave him a check for the $150 they 13 him.What a great feeling! He helped 1

25、4 the cost of his trip.This experience 15 Terence in many ways,making his dream a reality with great efforts.1.A.prepared forB.laid out C.referred to D.heard about2.A.dying B.grateful C.lucky D.proud3.A.curiously B.casually C.anxiously D.briefly4.A.idea B.job C.conclusion D.suggestion5.A.declaring B

26、.confirmingC.showing D.saying6.A.stay B.company C.interaction D.absence7.A.negotiationsB.sessions C.attempts D.interviews8.A.warm B.fine C.unusual D.changeable9.A.admitted B.determinedC.complained D.insisted10.A.editing B.updating C.printing D.delivering11.A.at once B.on time C.after all D.in total1

27、2.A.extra B.much C.enough D.easy13.A.owed B.lent C.promised D.ordered14.A.count B.cover C.estimate D.reduce15.A.astonished B.shaped C.excited D.impressed语篇解读:本文为记叙文。每年布鲁克斯通小学的五年级学生都到华盛顿特区进行实地考察旅行。特伦斯听说了这个令人兴奋的旅行,他非常渴望明年去旅行。于是,他焦急地问他的父母,如果他自己赚了另一半钱,他们是否愿意付一半的旅费。特伦斯的父母同意了。后来,他辛苦地打工赚取了足够旅行的钱,实现了自己的梦想。答

28、案及剖析:1.D根据下文Terence asked his parents 3 if they would pay for half of the trip可知,特伦斯听说了这个令人兴奋的旅行。故D选项正确。2.A根据下文Terence asked his parents 3 if they would pay for half of the trip可知,特伦斯渴望明年去旅行。be dying to do sth.渴望做某事。故A选项正确。3.C根据下文if they would pay for half of the trip if he earned the other half of

29、the money himself.可知,特伦斯焦急地问他的父母,如果他自己赚了另一半钱,他们是否愿意付一半的旅费。故C选项正确。4.A根据下文He named a few afternoons available可知,特伦斯的第一个想法是当保姆挣钱。故A选项正确。5.D此处是指特伦斯打了一封漂亮的信,说他要照看小孩。故D选项正确。6.D根据常识,照顾孩子,肯定是在邻居们不在时。故D选项正确。7.B此处是指五次照看孩子后,他赚了45美元。故B选项正确。8.A根据下文After the summer was over,he earned $75.可知,当温暖的天气来临的时候。故A选项正确。9.B

30、根据下文特伦斯又去干活了可知,当秋天来临时,他数了数自己的钱,确定他的旅行还需要40美元。故B选项正确。10.D此处是指特伦斯得到了一份送报纸的工作。故D选项正确。11.D每份报纸5美分,每周三总共10美元。故D选项正确。12.C不久特伦斯就有足够的钱去华盛顿特区旅行了。故C选项正确。13.C根据前文His parents agreed.He had almost a year to earn $150.可知,父母把答应给特伦斯的150美元给他了。故C选项正确。14.B根据上下文可知,特伦斯也帮助支付了旅行费用的一部分,这是多美好的感觉!故B选项正确。15.B这段经历在很多方面塑造了特伦斯,使他的梦想成为了现实。故B选项正确。