英语必修Ⅳ外研版MODULE2课件（共24张）词汇讲练.ppt

1、Module 2Traffic Jam 漫画欣赏画面描述A giraffe is making a great effort to reach for the leaves from a tall tree，sweating.However hard it tries，it still cannot get any leaf.Around the giraffe，there are some small trees，which are much easier for it to approach.寓意理解Before we do something，we should make allside

2、d analysis.When we fail after making attempts，we need to consider other ways to solve the problem.重 点 单 词你能否对此加以扩展，写一篇120词左右的小短文？1permit n通行证，许可证，执照；v.许可，允许，准许She has managed to obtain a temporary residence permit.她设法取得了暂住证。剑桥高阶Im afraid I cannot permit you to do such foolish things.恐怕我不会允许你做这样的傻事。【

3、知识拓展】(1)permitn./pron./doing允许permit sb.to do sth.允许某人做某事(2)permission n许可，允许aks for permission请求许可without permission未经许可with sb.s permission在某人许可的情况下【轻巧辨析】permit/allow/let(1)permit强调权威性的正式批准。含有“积极地，从正面允许”的意义。常用结构：permit doing或permit sb.to do。(2)allow指不反对，不加阻止，偏重“默许，放纵”之意。常用结构；allow doing或allow sb.t

4、o do。(3)let是三个词中最不正式的，较口语化，而语意最弱，指“给予可能或同意”，有时含“难以阻止或限制”之意。常用结构：let sb.do。【温馨提示】(1)可以说allow/permit sb.to do sth.不能说allow/permit to do sth.。(2)permit“许可证”,指一种文本形式,是可数名词；permission“允许”，表示同意，是不可数名词。即景活用Would you mind my_here?Sorry，but_is not permitted here.Ato smoke；to smoke Bsmoking；to smokeCsmoking；s

5、moking Dto smoke；smoking解析：permit后要用动名词，permit doing变为被动语态，用动词的ing形式作主语。所以选C项。答案：C2limit n限制；限定；边界；界限；vt.限制；限定My time is more limited now that I have a baby.由于我有了孩子，我现在的时间就更有限了。We set a time limit of thirty minutes for the test.我们把测验的时间限定为30分钟。剑桥高阶【知识链接】(1)to the limit到极限set a limit设定限量be limited to

6、局限于limit sth.to限定(2)limited adj.有限的，受限制的limitless adj.无限制的；无约束的limitation n限制，限定即景活用用limit完成句子In this area you must limit your speed to 30 kilometers an hour.在这个区域你必须把速度限制在每小时30千米。The government set a limit to the number of the travelers in the place of interest.政府对那处名胜的游客数量进行了限制。His ability is rath

7、er limited.他的能力是相当有限的。3convenient adj.方便的，便利的Its very convenient that you live near the office.你们住在办公室附近很方便。剑桥高阶Our local shop has very convenient opening hours.我们当地的商店营业时间很合宜。剑桥高阶【知识整合】(1)convenience n方便，便利at ones convenience在某人方便时conveniently adv.方便地(2)It is/was convenient for sb.to do sth.对某人来说做方

8、便sth.be convenient to/for sb.对某人来说是方便的sth.be convenient to/for sth.对某事物来说是近而方便【特别点击】convenient作表语时，不可用人作主语，而要用事物或形式主语作主语。“当你方便的时候”应译成“When it is convenient to you.”而不能译成“When you are convenient”。即景活用Our new house is very_for me as I can get to the office in five minutes.In fact，this is the reason wh

9、y I decided to buy it a year ago.Areasonable Bavailable Cconvenient Dcomfortable解析：句意：“我们的新家对我来说很方便，因为五分钟内我就能到达办公室。事实上，这是一年前我决定买它的原因。”考查词义辨析：A.有道理的，B.可得到，可利用的，C.方便，便利的，D.舒适的，根据语境，答案是C。答案：C经 典 短 语1get stuck in被困在Seven of us were stuck in the life for over an hour.我们7个人被困在电梯里1个多小时。剑桥高阶I got caught for

10、 speeding.我因超速而被抓住。Theyve just got married.他们刚结婚。【知识链接】“get过去分词”与“be过去分词”用法相近。“get过去分词”强调动作，表示的常是意想不到的，突然的或偶然的情况，或谈论自身做的动作。常见的有：get hurt受伤get burnt被烧伤，被烫着get separated被分散get killed/paid被杀死/拿工资get dressed/washed穿衣/洗脸get lost/married迷路/结婚get drunk喝醉【用法拓展】get/be stuck with sb./sth.与某事件纠缠不清，无法摆脱某人I was

11、stuck with him for the whole journey.一路上，我都无法摆脱他。get/be stuck in还有“积极地开始做某事”的意思，尤指大吃起来。Here is your food.Wow，get stuck in！这是你的食物，快吃吧！即景活用The poor little boy who_caught stealing a cake over there is an orphan.Ahas Bhad Cgot Dis解析：句意：“当场被抓获偷蛋糕的可怜的小男孩是一个孤儿。”考查get caught，在这儿有被动语态的意味，故答案是C。答案：C2in no tim

12、e立刻；赶快；马上The children ate their dinner in no time.孩子们很快吃完了饭。剑桥高阶Well be home in next to no time.我们将立刻回家。剑桥高阶【短语链接】in time及时，总有一天 in time of在的时刻on time准时 have a hard time吃苦，过得艰辛have a good time玩得愉快 every time每次，每当from time to time有时，不时 by the time到的时间at the time当时 at one time曾经有段时间at a time每次，一次 all

13、the time一直after a time过了一段时间 at times有时；偶尔at all times随时，总是即景活用Does she often ask you for help?No，only_.Aat all times Bat one time Cat a time Dat times解析：句意：“她经常向你求助吗？”“不经常，仅仅偶尔。”考查词组辨析：at all times一直，始终；at one time曾经，一度；at a time每次；一次；at times偶尔，有时，故答案是D。答案：D3.not only.but also.不但而且The nurse was no

14、t only competent but also kind.那个护士不但能干而且亲切。Shakespeare was not only a writer but also an actor.莎士比亚不仅是个作家而且还是个演员。【知识拓展】(1)not only.but(also).“不但而且”，连接两个并列成分，可以是两个主语、谓语、表语、状语，也可以是两个分句。(2)not only.but(also)在引导两个句子时，not only放在句首，其后的句子应使用倒装语序。(3)not only.but(also)连接两个主语时，谓语动词采用就近一致的原则。即景活用Not only_inte

15、rested in football but_beginning to show an interest in it.Athe teacher himself is；all his students areBthe teacher himself is；are all his studentsCis the teacher himself；are all his studentsDis the teacher himself；all his students are解析：not only.but(also).引导的句子中，not only分句要用倒装，而but(also)分句不倒装。这句话的意

16、思是“不仅老师对足球感兴趣，学生们也开始对足球感兴趣了。”答案：D重 要 句 型1Simply raise your hand，and a taxi will appear in no time.只要你招招手，马上就会有出租车开过来。这是一个由and连接的并列祈使句这个句子的结构是典型的祈使句and(or，otherwise).相当于if引导的条件状语从句。Hurry up，or youll miss the bus.快点，否则你就赶不上车了。Use your head and youll find a way.动动脑子你就会想出办法来。即景活用The artist was born poor

17、，_poor he remained all his life.Aand Bor Cbut Dso解析：句意：这位艺术家出身贫寒，并且一生都贫困潦倒。and连接两个并列分句表递进；or“否则，要不然”，表转折；but“但是”，表转折；so“因此，所以”。根据句意，两个句子之间应是递进关系。答案：A2Why not build more underground lines?为什么不铺设更多的地下铁路呢？(1)why not不带to的不定式用来提出建议。这个结构也可以视作why dont you的简化形式。My girlfriend is in a bad mood.我的女朋友情绪不好。Why n

18、ot give her some flowers？为什么不送她一些花呢？Since you have to stay at home，why dont you do some reading?既然你必须呆在家里，为什么不读点书呢？(2)Why not？可单独使用，表示“为什么不行？”“好啊！”“请(别客气)。”如：You shouldnt go out with me.你不该跟我出去。Why not？为什么不行？(3)“why不带to的不定式”用来表示某动作没有必要或意义，常表示责备或指责。Why argue with him？Hell never change his mind.为什么要跟他

19、争论？他永远也不会改变主意的。即景活用I usually go there by train._try going there by boat for a change?AWhy not to BWhy not CWhy do you DWhy are you解析：句意：“我通常乘火车去那儿。”“为什么不坐船去，试着改变一下？”why not dowhy dont you do，故答案是B。答案：B高 考 经 典 解 读【例1】The computer was used in teaching.As a result，not only_，but students became more int

20、erested in the lessons.(2009全国，31)Asaved was teachers energy Bwas teachers energy saved Cteachers energy was saved Dwas saved teachers energy【解题方法指导】本题考查not only.but also的用法。句意：“电脑在教学中应用。结果不仅节省了老师的精力，也使学生对课程更感兴趣。”在not only.but(also).连接的句子中，如果not only放在句首则本句用部分倒数,但but also后连接的句子则不能用倒装。答案：B教材原文对照You s

21、hould not only listen to the teachers and your classmates pronunciation,but also to tapes and broadcasting.(P16)【例2】With the world changing fast，we have something new_with all by ourselves every day.(2009重庆，29)Adeal Bdealt Cto deal Ddealing【解题方法指导】本题考查have sth.宾补的用法。句意：随着世界的快速变化，每天我们都有些新东西要自行处理。由句意知

22、：表示“有要做”要用have.to do。答案：C教材原文对照Its a good idea to have your destination written in Chinese.(P13)代词指代题答题攻略代词是用来代替前文已经出现过的名词的词。所以，考查代词的指代实际上就是要我们弄清这个代词代替的是上文中哪一个名词。如2002年B篇的第57题，在it前有一个an interesting one，其中one还是代词，再找出one所指代的名词the question，由定冠词the前移到第一自然段中的疑问句，得出答案。代词指代的关键在于要理清句与句甚至是段与段之间的逻辑关系，弄清层次，而不能

23、看到前面有名词就选为答案。【典例1】All too often，a choice that seems sustainable(可持续的)turns out on closer examination to be problematic.Probably the best example is the rush to produce ethanol(乙醇)for fuel from corn.Corn is a renewable resourceyou can harvest it and grow more，almost limitlessly.So replacing gas with

24、corn ethanol seems like a great idea.One might get a bit more energy out of the ethanol than that used to make it，which would still make ethanol more sustainable than gas generally，but thats not the end of the problem.Using corn to make ethanol means less corn is left to feed animals and people，whic

25、h drives up the cost of food.That result leads to turning the fallow landincluding，in some cases，rain forest in places such as Brazilinto farmland，which in turn gives off lots of carbon dioxide(CO2)into the air.Finally，over many years，the energy benefit from burning ethanol would make up for the for

26、est loss.But by then，climate change would have progressed so far that it might not help.You cannot really declare any practice“sustainable”until you have done a complete lifecycle analysis of its environmental(环境的)costs.Even then，technology and public policy keep developing，and that development can

27、lead to unforeseen and undesired results.The admirable goal of living sustainably requires plenty of thought on an ongoing basis.(2009四川卷，E)【语篇解读】文章通过用玉米转化成乙醇为例子来讨论可持续燃料的问题，来说明一些做法还缺少实际发展利用的基础。2.The underlined word“it”in the second paragraph refers to _.A.the energy benefitB.the forest lossC.climate

28、 changeD.burning ethanol解析：燃烧乙醇带来的能源方面的好处可能会弥补失去森林的损失，但是到那时，气候的变化已经太大，“这”也于事无补了。由此判断，it指前面提到的the energy benefit。答案：A【典例2】Selfesteem(自尊心)is all about how much we feel valued，loved，accepted，and thought well of by othersand how much we value，love，and accept ourselves.People with healthy selfesteem are

29、able to feel good about themselves，appreciate their own worth，and take pride in their abilities，skills，and accomplishments.They do better academically and find it easier to make friends.They tend to have better relationships with others，feel happier，find it easier to deal with mistakes and failures

30、and are more likely to stick with something until they succeed.Those with low selfesteemmay feel as if no one will like them or accept them or that they cant do well in anything.Here are some steps that may help improve your selfesteem：Try to stop thinking about negative thoughts about yourself.If y

31、oure used to focusing on your shortcomings，start thinking about positive aspects of yourself that outweigh them.Each day，write down three things about yourself that make you happy.It is good to aim high，but your goals should be within reach.Thatswhy you should set practical goals and never expect th

32、e impossible.Mistakes are part of learning，so view mistakes as learning opportunities.Accept that you will make mistakes because everyone does.Also，you should recognize what you canchange and what you cant.If you realize that youre unhappy with something about yourself that you can change，then start

33、 today.If its something you cant change(like your height)，then start to work toward loving yourself the way you are.Feeling like youre making a difference and that your help is valued can do wonders to improve selfesteem.So dont hesitate to make a contribution.Help a classmate whos having trouble，he

34、lp clean up your campus，or volunteer your time in some other way.Selfesteem plays a role in almost everything you do.Its never too late to build healthy，positive selfesteem.It takes some work，but healthy selfesteemis an asset youll have for life.【语篇解读】我们做每件事情时，几乎都需要自尊心。具有积极、健康的自尊心的人能在学业上取得进步，善于交朋友。他

35、们往往与人关系融洽，感到幸福，能正确对待错误和失败，更有可能坚持做某事直到成功。本文作者就如何提高自尊心，提出了建议。2.The underlined word“them”in Paragraph 3 refers to _.A.negative thoughts Byour shortcomingsC.positive aspects Dyour goals解析：词义猜测题。根据第三段第二句“如果你习惯于注重你的缺点，那么就开始考虑一下你的优点吧，它们比缺点更重要”可知“that”指代“positive aspects”，“them”应指代“your shortcomings”。答案：B点击此处进入闯关能力