2022-2023学年高二英语选择性必修第二册单元重难点易错题精练（外研版2019）UNIT 6 单元话题语法填空专项练习 WORD版含解析.docx

1、Unit 6单元话题语法填空专项练习(名校最新真题)（2022浙江高二阶段练习）阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。Debates_1_ the subject of carbon capture have been going on recently. Scientists, especially engineers and geologists, have strongly criticized green groups who claimed that carbon capture and storage (CCS) schemes are costl

2、y mistakes.The scientists insisted that such schemes _2_ (be) vital weapons in the battle against global heating. They also warned that failure to set up ways to trap and store carbon would make it _3_ (possible) to meet the emissions target by 2050. “CCS is going to be the only effective way in the

3、 short term _4_(prevent) our steel industry, cement manufacture and many other processes from continuing to pour emissions into the atmosphere,” said Professor Stuart Haszeldine, of Edinburgh University. “_5_we are to have any hope of keeping global temperature increases down below 2 degrees Celsius

4、, we desperately need to develop ways to capture and store carbon dioxide.”Green groups claimed CCS would not make “a meaningful contribution to 2050 climate targets”. They said CCS was not reliable to decarbonize the energy system and that CCS had _6_ history of over-promising and under-delivering.

5、 Instead, they urged the construction of more renewable energy plants_7_ (give) priority.But the claims _8_ (dismiss) by engineers and geologists. “These claims are quite unfair,” said Michael Stephenson, director at the British Geological Survey.A government spokesman for the Department of Energy a

6、nd Climate Change said, “We are committed to meeting our climate change targets in a way _9_ is affordable and provides secure energy to families and businesses. We are considering the role that CCS could play in decarbonization of the UK. But we also need to take government _10_ (spend) into accoun

7、t. CCS had better come down in cost.”（2022广东佛山高二学业考试）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。Each year, we take more than 100 billion tons of natural materials from the earth _11_(make) the products we buy. However, about two-thirds of them _12_ (eventual) becomes waste, including almost 3 billion plastic b

8、ottles _13_ end up in the ocean every year.Since the 1860s, we _14_ (follow) a common business model. Industries take natural materials, they make things, we use them, and then we throw them away. Environmentalists and economists warn that this model is not good for the environment, so they suggest

9、_15_new choice: a circular economy (循环经济).A circular economy _16_ (base) on the idea of reducing waste by keeping the natural, materials and products in use for much _17_ (long). It works in a circle, very much the way nature does. The circular economy uses a range of _18_ (strategy), such as recycl

10、ing and reusing. In a circular economy, products are designed to be long-lasting and easy to repair from the _19_ (begin). In this way, we can keep the balance _20_ human and nature.（2022福建三明一中高二期中）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当单词或括号内单词的正确形式。A strong earthquake hit Tangshan, China on 28 July, 1976. The deadly qu

11、ake broke out at 3:42 a.m., _21_ (cause) a lot of damage.Soon after the quake, 150,000 soldiers _22_ (send) to Tangshan to dig out those who were trapped and to bury the _23_ (die). More than 10,000 doctors and nurses came _24_ (provide) medical care. Workers built shelters for survivors _25_ homes

12、had been destroyed. Hundreds of thousands of people were helped. Water and food were brought into the city by train, truck, and plane._26_ (slow), the city began to breathe again.Tangshan started to revive itself and get back up on its _27_ (foot). _28_ strong support from the government and tireles

13、s efforts of the citys people, a new Tangshan was built upon the earthquake ruins. _29_ new city has become a home to more than seven million people with great improvements in transportation, industry and environment. Tangshan city has proved to China and the rest of the world that in times of disas

14、ter, people must unify and show the _30_ (wise) to stay positive and rebuild for a brighter future.（2022江苏南通高二期中）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。Right now, you likely have something unnatural that is running around inside of your body. It was made by humans and could_31_ (potential) harm you. That s

15、omething is called PFAS (含氟表面活性剂).As the nickname suggests, these “forever chemicals” are a large group of substances _32_ do not break down in the environment. The chemicals have been widely used since the 1940s in a huge range of_33_ (day) consumer products and industrial processes.PFAS are able t

16、o make certain products non-stick or stain-repellent (防污的). Therefore, we use the chemicals to make products that are_34_ (resist) to oil, heat, stains or water. They are found in everything _35_ cosmetics (化妆品), to outdoor gear, non-stick pans and food wrappers.Research indicates that_36_ (expose)

17、to PFAS has been linked to the development of certain cancers, the weakening of childrens immune systems, weight gain, and a wide range of other health problems.“Were really seeing PFAS absolutely everywhere,”said Elsie M. Sunderland, _37_ environmental chemist at Harvard. The good news is that ther

18、e are ways_38_ (avoid) being exposed to it, such as by using a water filter, she added.In Europe, countries_39_ (include) Germany, Denmark, the Netherlands, Norway and Sweden _40_ (signal) their intention to ban the mass production of PFAS, most of their uses, and their market availability in the Eu

19、ropean Union in the past year.（2022全国高二阶段练习）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。The extinction of the Chinese Paddlefish (白鲟) and wild Yangtze Sturgeon (鲟鱼), _41_ (declare) by the International Union for Conservation of Nature(IUCN), started a wave of comments on Chinas social media platforms recently u

20、rging more environmental protection.The IUCNs latest list of threatened species show that 100% of the worlds remaining 26 sturgeon species _42_ (be) now at risk of extinction, up _43_ 85% in 2009. Both the Chinese Paddle fish and the Yangtze Sturgeon Were common species in the Yangtze river basin wh

21、ich have been troubled by heavy shipping traffic, overfishing and water pollution.The Chinese Paddle fish was one of the worlds _44_ (big) fresh water fish species and could grow up to 7 metre in _45_ (long). The IUCN first declared it “critically endangered” in 1996. The Yangtze Sturgeon, _46_ coul

22、d grow up to 8 meters (yards), was _47_ (high) sensitive to increased noise on the river. Its meat _48_ (consider) a delicacy in China and it was also fished as a source of caviar (鱼子酱).The country has a breeding programme for the sturgeons. _49_ it has not been _50_ (success) at maintaining them in

23、 the wild. China carried out a fishing ban in some parts of the Yangtze river in 2021.（2022湖北华中师大一附中高二期中）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。China will build the worlds largest national park system, said Li Chunliang, deputy head of the National Forestry and Grassland Administration, at a news conferenc

24、e on Sept 19. The system _51_ (expect) to be built with “the largest scale of protection, _52_ (diverse) geographical features and the highest conservation value in the world,” China Daily reported._53_ some world-famous national parks which are uninhabited (无人居住的), national parks and nature reserve

25、s in China are home to a large number of human residents. “We will encourage local residents from around the parks _54_ (participate) in environmental protection, nature education and ecotourism services. That _55_ (give) them real benefits and enhance their sense of the national parks_56_(belong) t

26、o the people,” said Li.As such, the countrys _57_ (protect) areas are intended to “protect not only ecosystem but also cultural relics within each region; and serve as ecological _58_ (demonstrate) zones _59_ humans and nature coexist _60_ (harmony) and economic development doesnt come at the expens

27、e of biodiversity”, noted China Daily.（2022重庆市育才中学高二期中）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。Water shortage is knocking at the door. It is one of the _61_ (great) crises facing us today, with two thirds of the global population _62_ (live) in areas where water is short for a month or more every year. Ther

28、e are two main factors (因素) leading _63_ this problem: increasing global demand for water, and unsustainable means by which these demands are being met. Though global water usage _64_ (increase) a lot over the last fifty years, it is predicted that there will be a further 60%-100% increase in water

29、usage by 2050.This is not just _65_ matter of turning the tap off when you brush your _66_(tooth), cutting your showers down to 3 minutes, or sharing the washing-load with your roommates. In fact, daily activities of human make up less than 4% of our total water usage, with 92% falling into two grou

30、ps, _67_ are the industrial production of household items and the production of food. Astonishingly, 69% of our total daily water usage comes from the _68_ (grow) and production of food alone._69_ (unfortunate), there is no reference book for the exact number of liters (升) used in the production of

31、any individual food item. This is a hard thing to do, for we have other factors _70_ (consider) when weighing up the benefits of every food choice: taste, cost and convenience.（2022陕西长安一中高二阶段练习）阅读下面对话，在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。Commercial airlines alone contribute around three percent of total glo

32、bal carbon emissions. But the industry is_71_(active) looking for green solutions in the form of sustainable airline fuel which_72_(believe) to have had a previous life as your household food waste. In a study_73_(release) this week in the Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, researchers

33、 detail a method of transforming food waste into sustainable airline fuel.Biomass, such as animal and food waste, can be transformed into biofuels,_74_are renewable liquid fuels made from organic matter. Derek Vardon, a senior research engineer at the National Renewable Energy Laboratory (NREL), say

34、s that their fuel worked as a mixture of 90 percent conventional petrol airline fuel and 10 percent alternative airline fuel required by the industry currently. They also show they could push it to a 70/30 mixture_75_ more time and testing available.Major companies are eager to participate in sustai

35、nable airline fuel_76_some sustainable solutions, such as battery-operated commercial planes, just arent possible yet with current battery technology. _77_battery-powered plane would be too heavy to fly long distances, so fuel that works in the same way as the fuel we have is a simpler way to trade

36、out emission-heavy fossil fuels.Vardon says that because the wet waste used in the process would normally go to a landfill (垃圾填埋场) and break down to release greenhouse _78_(gas), the process of making and using sustainable airline fuel could actually have a negative carbon footprint when scaled up.C

37、ommercial airlines are also on board to find an_79_(afford) and sustainable solution to the carbon-intensive process of air travel. Airlines are looking to hit aggressive sustainability goals by 2050, including_80_(decrease) net carbon dioxide emissions by 50 percent.参考答案：1around#on#about2are3imposs

38、ible4to prevent5If6a7to be given8were dismissed9that#which10spending【导语】这是一篇议论文。关于碳捕获的争论最近一直在进行，文章分别给出了支持方、反对方和政府的观点。1考查介词。句意：关于碳捕获的争论最近一直在进行。根据句意可知，此处表示“关于碳捕获的争论”，设空处后面的短语the subject of carbon capture作后置定语修饰前面的debates，应用介词around或on或about。故填around/on/about。2考查动词时态和主谓一致。句意：科学家们坚持认为，这些计划是对抗全球变暖的重要武器。根

39、据句意可知，此处insist表示“坚持认为”，后面接的宾语从句不需要采用虚拟语气，此处宾语从句中的内容是他们坚持的观点，属于一般事实，应用一般现在时；主语such schemes为复数形式，故谓语也用复数形式。故填are。3考查形容词。句意：他们还警告说，如果不能找到捕捉和储存碳的方法，就不可能在2050年之前实现排放目标。分析句子可知，此处是it作形式宾语结构，真正的宾语为后面的to do不定式，设空处应填形容词作宾语补足语；结合句意可知，前面说如果“不能”找到捕捉和储存碳的方法，故此处指“不可能”在2050年之前实现排放目标，应填impossible。故填impossible。4考查非谓语

40、动词。句意：CCS将是短期内防止我们的钢铁工业、水泥制造和许多其他加工行业继续向大气中排放废气的唯一有效方法。分析句子可知，句中已有谓语动词，设空处只能填非谓语动词形式，结合句意可知，此处表示“做的方法”，way to do sth为固定搭配，整个to do不定式作后置定语修饰名词way。故填to prevent。5考查条件状语从句。句意：如果我们有希望将全球气温上升控制在2摄氏度以下，我们迫切需要找到捕捉和储存二氧化碳的方法。分析句子可知，设空处在句中引导一个从句；结合句意可知，此处表示“如果我们有希望将全球气温控制在2摄氏度一下”，表示条件，这是一个条件状语从句，应用if引导。故填If。6

41、考查冠词。句意：他们表示，CCS对于能源系统的脱碳并不可靠，而且CCS有过承诺过高、兑现不足的历史。设空处在句中限定后面的名词history，结合句意可知，此处表示“有一段的历史”，应用不定冠词修饰，且history的发音以辅音音素开头，应用不定冠词a。故填a。7考查非谓语动词。句意：相反，他们敦促优先建设更多的可再生能源工厂。分析句子可知，此处是urge.to do结构，表示“敦促做”，plants和give之间为逻辑被动关系，应用不定式的被动式to be done，作宾补。故填to be given。8考查动词时态语态。句意：但工程师和地质学家驳斥了这一说法。分析句子可知，设空处在句中作谓

42、语，其主语为the claims，与动词dismiss之间为被动关系；结合语境，此处陈述过去发生的事，应用一般过去时的被动语态，且主语the claims为复数形式，故谓语动词也需用复数形式。故填were dismissed。9考查定语从句。句意：我们致力于以一种负担得起，并且能为家庭和企业提供安全能源的方式实现我们的气候变化目标。分析句子可知，空处引导定语从句，先行词是way，从句中缺少主语，应用关系代词that或which引导从句。故填that/which。10考查名词。句意：但我们也需要考虑政府支出。分析句子可知，设空处在句中作宾语，结合句意及提示词可知，此处表示“支出”，应填名词spe

43、nding，抽象概念，不可数。故填spending。11to make12eventually13that#which14have followed15a16is based17longer18strategies19beginning20between【导语】这是一篇说明文。主要描述了现如今我们自然资源利用率不高，造成严重的资源浪费现象，环保主义者和经济学家就此提出了一种新模式：循环经济。11考查非谓语动词。句意：每年，我们从地球上获取超过1000亿吨的天然材料来制造我们所购买的产品。分析句子结构，该句子谓语动词是take，所以该空填非谓语动词。由句意可知，此处要用不定式to make，作目

44、的状语。故答案为to make。12考查副词。句意：然而，大约三分之二的塑料最终变成了垃圾，包括每年近30亿个塑料瓶最终进入海洋。分析句子结构，该空在句中作状语，所以要用副词，eventual的副词是eventually，表示“最终；终于”。故答案为eventually。13考查定语从句关系词。句意：然而，大约三分之二的塑料最终变成了垃圾，包括每年近30亿个塑料瓶最终进入海洋。分析句子结构，此处考查限制性定语从句，修饰先行词3 billion plastic bottles，指物，从句缺少主语，所以填关系代词that或which。故答案为that/which。14考查时态。句意：自19世纪60

45、年代以来，我们一直遵循一种共同的商业模式。由时间状语Since the 1860s可知，时态为现在完成时，表示该动作从过去一直持续到现在，主语是we，助动词用have。故答案为have followed。15考查冠词。句意：环保主义者和经济学家警告说，这种模式对环境不利，因此他们提出了一种新的选择：循环经济。分析句子结构，choice是可数名词单数，此处表泛指且是第一次在文中出现，所以填不定冠词，new的发音以辅音音素开头，所以填a。故答案为a。16考查时态和语态。句意：循环经济的理念是通过延长自然、材料和产品的使用时间来减少浪费。分析句子结构，该空是句子的谓语动词，be based on表示

46、“基于”，主语A circular economy是单数，此处是客观事实， 时态为一般现在时，故答案为is based。17考查比较级。句意：循环经济的理念是通过延长自然、材料和产品的使用时间来减少浪费。空前的much常常修饰比较级，所以空处填longer。故答案为longer。18考查名词的数。句意：循环经济采用了一系列的策略，例如回收和再利用。空前是a range of，所以空处要使用可数名词复数，即strategies。故填strategies。19考查名词和固定短语。句意：在循环经济中，产品从一开始就设计得经久耐用，易于维修。空前是定冠词，所以空处填其名词形式，即beginning，构

47、成短语from the beginning，表示“从一开始”。故答案为beginning。20考查介词。句意：这样，我们可以保持人与自然之间的平衡。根据空前关键词keep the balance和空后关键词and，空处填介词between，构成短语keep the balance betweenand，表示“保持和之间的平衡”。故答案为between。21causing22were sent23dead24to provide25whose26Slowly27feet28With29The30wisdom【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了1976年唐山大地震后军民齐心协力救治伤者，重建新唐山

48、的故事。21考查现在分词。句意：1976年7月28日，中国唐山发生强烈地震。地震发生在凌晨3点42分，造成了巨大的损失。根据句意分析句子可知，句子的主语是the deadly quake，谓语是broke out，所以所给动词cause只能以非谓语形式作状语，因为主语the deadly quake和动词cause之间是主动关系，所以应该用现在分词causing作状语。故填causing。22考查时态、语态和主谓一致。句意：地震发生后不久，15万名士兵被派往唐山，挖掘被困人员并埋葬死者。根据句意分析句子可知，空格处是该句子的谓语部分，根据上下文的时态是过去时可知，该句子应该用一般过去时；主语s

49、oldiers和动词send之间是被动关系，所以应该用被动语态；soldiers是复数形式，所以be动词应该用were。故填were sent。23考查形容词。句意：地震发生后不久，15万名士兵被派往唐山，挖掘被困人员并埋葬死者。根据句意和所给动词die以及空格前的定冠词the可知，空格处应该填入die的形容词形式dead（“the+形容词”表示一类人）。故填dead。24考查不定式。句意：一万多名医生和护士前来提供医疗服务。根据句意和所给动词provide分析句子可知，空格处应该填入不定式形式to provide作目的状语。故填to provide。25考查定语从句。句意：工作人员为房屋被毁

50、的幸存者建造了避难所。根据句意分析句子可知，空格后的部分是一个定语从句，所以空格处应该填入一个关系代词，在从句中作定语，修饰后面的homes，在该句中的意义为“他们的”。故填whose。26考查副词。句意：慢慢地，这座城市又开始呼吸了。根据句意和所给形容词slow分析句子可知，空格处应该填入slow的副词形式slowly作状语，修饰后面的句子。故填Slowly。27考查可数名词单复数。句意：唐山开始复苏，重新站了起来。根据句意和所给可数名词foot分析句子可知，此处是考查固定短语get back on ones feet（重新站起来）。故填feet。28考查介词。句意：在政府的大力支持下，在唐

51、山人民的不懈努力下，地震废墟上建起了一个新唐山。根据句意和空格后的名词短语“strong support from the government and tireless efforts of the citys people”可知，空格处应该填入一个介词，且意义为“有”。故填With。29考查冠词。句意：随着交通、工业和环境的极大改善，这座新城已成为700多万人口的家园。根据句意和空格后的new city分析句子可知，空格处应该填入定冠词the，特指上文提到的“a new Tangshan”。故填The。30考查名词。句意：唐山市已经向中国和世界证明，在灾难中，人们必须团结起来，展示出保持积

52、极的智慧，为更光明的未来而重建。根据句意和所给形容词wise以及空格前的show可知，空格处应该填入wise的名词形式wisdom作动词show的宾语。故填wisdom。31potentially32that#which33daily34resistant35from36exposure37an38to avoid39including40have signaled#have signalled【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍含氟表面活性剂在生活中的使用以及其危害性。31考查副词。句意：它是人类制造的，可能会伤害你。此空修饰后面动词harm，应填副词，作状语。故填potentially。3

53、2考查定语从句。句意：正如这个绰号所暗示的，这些“永远的化学物质”是一大类在环境中不会分解的物质。分析句子可知，此处是限定性定语从句，先行词为substances，为物，关系在从句中作主语，应用关系代词that或which引导。故填that或which。33考查形容词。句意：自20世纪40年代以来，这些化学品已广泛应用于各种日常消费品和工业过程中。此空修饰后面名词consumer products，应填形容词，作定语。故填daily。34考查词形容词。句意：因此，我们使用这些化学物质来制造耐油、耐热、耐污渍或防水的产品。此处作表语，应用形容词，构成固定搭配be resistant to“对抵抗

54、”。故填resistant。35考查介词。句意：从化妆品到户外用具、不粘锅和食品包装，它们随处可见。固定搭配from.to.“从到”。故填from。36考查名词。句意：研究表明，接触PFAS与某些癌症的发展、儿童免疫系统的削弱、体重增加以及其它广泛的健康问题有关。此处作主语，应用名词exposure“接触”，为不可数名词。故填exposure。37考查冠词。句意：哈佛大学环境化学家埃尔西M桑德兰说：“我们真的看到PFAS无处不在。”此处泛指“一名环境化学家”，environmental为元音音素开始的单词，应用不定冠词an。故填an。38考查非谓语动词。句意：她补充道，好消息是，有一些方法可以

55、避免接触到它，比如使用滤水器。固定搭配ways to do sth“做某事的方法”。故填to avoid。39考查非谓语动词。句意：在欧洲，包括德国、丹麦、荷兰、挪威和瑞典在内的国家表示，他们打算在过去一年中禁止大规模生产PFAS、其大部分用途及其在欧盟的市场供应。countries和include为主动关系，应用现在分词，作后置定语。故填including。40考查动词时态。句意：在欧洲，包括德国、丹麦、荷兰、挪威和瑞典在内的国家表示，他们打算在过去一年中禁止大规模生产PFAS、其大部分用途及其在欧盟的市场供应。主语countries和signal为主动关系，且由“in the past y

56、ear”可知，应用现在完成时。故填have signaled/signalled。41declared42are43from44biggest45length46which47highly48was considered49But#Yet50successful【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了国际自然保护联盟发布全球濒危物种红色目录更新报告，正式宣布中国长江的特有物种白鲟和野生扬子鲟灭绝。41考查非谓语动词。句意：近日，国际自然保护联盟(IUCN)宣布中华白鲟和野生长江鲟灭绝，在中国社交媒体平台上引发了一波呼吁加强环境保护的评论。分析句子可知，此处作后置定语，动词declare与名词ext

57、inction构成动宾关系，故用过去分词作定语，故填declared。42考查主谓一致。句意：世界自然保护联盟最新的濒危物种名单显示，全球现存的26种鲟鱼均面临灭绝威胁，而2009年的这一比例为85%。根据从句中的now可知是指现在的情况，用一般现在时，且主语为species, 故用be动词的复数。故填are。43考查介词。句意：世界自然保护联盟最新的濒危物种名单显示，全球现存的26种鲟鱼均面临灭绝威胁，而2009年的这一比例为85%。根据句意，用介词from表示增长的起点。故填from。44考查形容词最高级。句意：中国桨鱼是世界上最大的淡水鱼类之一，可以长到7米。根据句意和the world

58、s可知，中国白鲟是世界最大的淡水鱼类之一。用形容词最高级作定语，故填biggest。45考查名词。句意同上。介词in后用long的名词形式是length，是不可数名词。故填length。46考查定语从句。句意：长江鲟鱼可以长到8米(码)，对江上不断增加的噪音非常敏感。分析句子可知，空处引导非限制性定语从句。修饰The Yangtze Sturgeon，从句中作主语，指物，用关系代词which引导非限制性定语从句，故填which。47考查副词。句意同上。用副词highly修饰形容词sensitive作状语，故填highly。48考查时态语态和主谓一致。句意：它的肉在中国被认为是一种美味，也被捕捞

59、作为鱼子酱的来源。分析句子可知，consider作谓语，由下文的was可知用一般过去时，meat与consider是动宾关系，且主语是第三人称单数，谓语动词用单数。故填was considered。49考查连词。句意：该国有一个鲟鱼繁殖计划。但在野生环境中却未能成功维持它们的生存。根据语意，前后从句是转折关系，故填But或Yet。50考查形容词。句意：该国有一个鲟鱼繁殖计划。但在野生环境中却未能成功维持它们的生存。be动词后用形容词作表语，故填successful。51is expected52the most diverse53Unlike54to participate55will giv

60、e56belonging 57protected58demonstration59where60harmoniously【导语】本文是篇说明文。文章主要讲述了中国将要建造世界最大的国家公园体系，不仅要保护自然生态环境和地理特征，还要保护各地区的文化遗迹，成为人类与自然和谐共处的生态示范区。51考查时态、语态、和主谓一致。句意：该体系预计将以“世界上最大规模的保护、最多样化的地理特征和最高的保护价值”而建成。分析句子可知，此处为谓语动词；虽然“ China Daily reported.”用了一般过去时，但是参考前文中的“will build”和“said”可知，陈述客观情况应用一般现在时；结合

61、句意，此处应用被动语态；主语是“The system”,为第三人称单数，所以应为is expected。故填is expected。52考查形容词。句意：该体系预计将以“世界上最大规模的保护、最多样化的地理特征和最高的保护价值”而建成。根据“geographical features”可知，此处应为形容词，作定语；由句中“and”可知，此处与“the largest”和“the highest ”并列，所以应用最高级。故填the most diverse。53考查介词。句意：与一些世界著名的无人居住的国家公园不同，中国的国家公园和自然保护区是大量人类居民的家园。分析句子可知，此处应为介词，与后

62、面的名词短语“some world-famous national parks”搭配形成介词短语，作状语；根据句意，这里指“不同于”，应用unlike，句首字母大写。故填Unlike。54考查非谓语动词和固定短语。句意：我们会鼓励公园周边居民参与环境保护、自然教育和生态旅游服务。encourage sb to do sth 为固定短语，意为：鼓励某人做某事，所以应用动词不定式。故填to participate。55考查时态。句意：这将给他们带来真正的好处，并增强他们国家公园属于人民的感觉。分析句子可知，此处为谓语动词；本句为引号中的原文，根据上一句中的谓语“will encourage”，并结

63、合本句中并列谓语“enhance”及句意，此处应用一般将来时。故填will give。56考查非谓语动词。句意：这将给他们带来真正的好处，并增强他们国家公园属于人民的感觉。根据句中谓语动词“will give”和“ enhance”可知，此处为非谓语动词，位于介词of后，用belong的动名词形式与the national parks构成动名词复合结构。故填belonging。57考查形容词。句意：同样地，国家的保护区旨在“不仅保护生态系统，而且保护每个地区的文化遗迹”。分析句子可知，此处应为形容词，作定语修饰“areas”，意为：被保护的地区，应用形容词protected。故填protect

64、ed。58考查名词。句意：并且充当人与自然和谐共处的生态示范区。根据句中形容词“ecological”和名词“zones”可知，此处应为名词形式、作定语，修饰“zones”，demonstration zones 意为：示范区，符合句意。故填demonstration。59考查定语从句关系词。句意：并且充当人与自然和谐共处的生态示范区。分析句子可知，“zones”后为限制性定语从句，所以此处应为关系词，修饰先行词“demonstration zones”，在从句中作状语，故应用关系副词where。故填where。60考查副词。句意：并且充当人与自然和谐共处的生态示范区。分析句子可知，此处应用副

65、词修饰动词“coexist”，作状语。故填harmoniously。61greatest62living63to64has increased65a66teeth67which68growth69Unfortunately70to consider【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章讲述水资源短缺是我们今天面临的最大危机之一及造成水资源短缺的两个因素，并指出并不是日常生活中节约用水就能解决问题，我们每天总用水量的92%来自于家庭用品的工业生产和食品的生产。61考查形容词最高级。句意：这是我们今天面临的最大危机之一，全球三分之二的人口生活在每年缺水一个月或更长时间的地区。根据该空前的“one of th

66、e”可知，此处应该用形容词最高级，表示“最的之一”。故填greatest。62考查非谓语动词。句意同上。此处是with复合结构，live与two thirds of the global population是逻辑主谓关系，应该用现在分词，作宾语补足语。故填living。63考查介词。句意：导致这一问题的主要因素有两个：全球对水的需求不断增加，以及满足这些需求的不可持续的手段。固定搭配lead to意为“导致”，to是介词。故填to。64考查动词时态。句意：尽管全球用水量在过去五十年中增加了很多，但据预测，到2050年，全球用水量将进一步增加60%-100%。根据时间状语over the la

67、st fifty years可知，应用现在完成时，主语global water usage是不可数名词，助动词用has。故填has increased。65考查冠词。句意：这不仅仅是刷牙时关上水龙头，把洗澡时间缩短到3分钟，或者和你的室友一起洗衣服的问题。固定短语a matter of.“一个的问题”，matter的发音是辅音音素开头，应用不定冠词a。故填a66考查名词复数。句意同上。tooth为可数名词，数量大于一，应用其复数形式，表类指。故填teeth。67考查定语从句。句意：事实上，人类的日常活动只占我们总用水量的不到4%，92%的水分为两类，分别是家庭用品的工业生产和食品的生产。此处为

68、非限制性定语从句，先行词是two groups，指物，关系词在从句中作主语，应用关系代词which引导。故填which。68考查名词。句意：令人惊讶的是，我们每天总用水量的69%仅来自于食物的生长和生产。此处与名词production是并列成分，应用名词growth“成长”，不可数名词。故填growth。69考查副词。句意：不幸的是，对于生产任何一种食品所使用的确切升数，没有一本现成的参考书可供参考。此处修饰整个句子，应用副词，作状语，由句意可知，此处表示“不幸的是”，应用unfortunately，首字母应大写。故填Unfortunately。70考查非谓语动词。句意：这是一件很难做的事情，

69、因为在权衡每种食物选择的好处时，我们还有其他因素要考虑：味道、成本和便利性。分析句子结构可知，此处用动词不定式，表将来的动作，作后置定语。故填to consider。71actively72is believed73released74which75with76because77A78gases79affordable80decreasing【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍仅商业航空公司就贡献了全球约3%的碳排放。但航空业正在积极寻找绿色解决方案，以可持续的航空燃料的形式。71考查副词。句意：但航空业正在积极寻找绿色解决方案，以可持续的航空燃料的形式，据信，这种燃料在以前的生活中是家庭食物垃圾

70、。修饰动词短语look for应用副词actively，作状语。故填actively。72考查时态语态和主谓一致。句意：但航空业正在积极寻找绿色解决方案，以可持续的航空燃料的形式，据信，这种燃料在以前的生活中是家庭食物垃圾。短语be believed to表示“据信”，定语从句中谓语与先行词airline fuel保持一致，用单数。故填is believed。73考查非谓语动词。句意：在本周发表在美国国家科学院院刊上的一项研究中，研究人员详细介绍了一种将食物垃圾转化为可持续航空燃料的方法。分析句子结构可知release与逻辑主语study构成被动关系，故用过去分词作定语。故填released。

71、74考查定语从句。句意：动物和食物垃圾等生物质可以转化为生物燃料，这是一种由有机物制成的可再生液体燃料。非限制性定语从句修饰先行词biofuels，从句缺少主语，指物，故用which。故填which。75考查介词。句意：他们还表示，如果有更多的时间和测试，他们可以将比例提高到70/30。后跟名词作宾语，表示“有”应用介词with。故填with。76考查状语从句。句意：大公司都渴望参与到可持续航空燃料的开发中来，因为一些可持续的解决方案，比如电池驱动的商用飞机，在目前的电池技术下是不可能实现的。引导原因状语从句，表示“因为”应用because。故填because。77考查冠词。句意：电池驱动的飞

72、机太重，无法飞很远的距离，因此，与我们现有的燃料工作原理相同的燃料，是一种更简单的方式，可以取代高排放的化石燃料。plane为可数名词，此处为泛指且battery-powered是发音以辅音音素开头的单词，应用a，句首单词首字母要大写。故填A。78考查名词的数。句意：瓦尔顿说，由于在这个过程中使用的湿废物通常会进入垃圾填埋场并分解释放温室气体，制造和使用可持续航空燃料的过程实际上在扩大规模时可能会产生负碳足迹。gas为可数名词，前文没有冠词应用复数形式表泛指。故填gases。79考查形容词。句意：商业航空公司也开始着手寻找一种负担得起的、可持续的解决方案，以解决航空旅行过程中碳密集的问题。修饰后文名词solution应用形容词affordable，作定语。故填affordable。80考查非谓语动词。句意：航空公司希望在2050年前达到积极的可持续发展目标，包括将二氧化碳净排放量减少50%。作介词including的宾语，应用动名词形式。故填decreasing。