高一英语人教版必修三课件 UNIT 4 ASTRONOMY THE SCIENCE OF THE STRARS-语法 .ppt

1、Noun clauses as the subjectGrammar【合作探究】Task 31._ he referred to in his article was unknown to the general reader.A.That B.What C.Whether D.Where 2._ I have will be yours sooner or later.A.No matter what B.No matter whatever C.Whatever D.That BC3._ we will hold the sports meet in time depends on _ i

2、t will be fine.A.If;if B.If;whetherC.Whether;if D.Whether;whether 4._ worries us a lot that so many students drop out of school in the poor mountainous areas.A.It B.That C.One D.What DA5._ wants to run a business in this district must get a permit from the government first.A.Who B.Whoever C.No matte

3、r who D.Those who B6.-Are you still thinking about yesterdays game?-Oh,thats _.A.what makes me feel excitedB.whatever I feel excited about C.how I feel about it D.when I feel excited A解析:这是由what 引导的一个表语从句,在从句中充当主语,这句话的意思为:那是使我感到兴奋的事。故答案为A。7.-I drove to Zhuhai for the air show last week.-Is that _ yo

4、u had a few days off?A.why B.when C.what D.where 解析:这是一个由why引导的表语从句,表示原因。这句话的意思是“这就是你离开的原因吗?”,故答案为A。A8.Perseverance is a kind of quality and thats _ it takes to do anything well.A.what B.that C.which D.why 解析:what 在表语从句中作 takes 的宾语,构成 It takes sth.to do sth.的句型。答案为A。A9.It is obvious to the students

5、_ they should get well prepared for their future.(2009天津)A.as B.which C.whether D.that10._ parents say and do has a life-long effect on their children.(2007 陕西)A.That B.Which C.What D.As11.It is none of your business _ other people think about you.Believe yourself.(2007 福建)A.how B.what C.which D.whe

6、n12._ matters most in learning English is enough practice.(2007 全国卷II)A.What B.Why C.Where D.WhichDCBA 13 _ we cant get was better than _ we have.A.What;what B.What.that C.That;that D.That;what 14.Go and get your coat.It is _ you left it.A.there B.where C.there where D.where there 15.-Im afraid I ha

7、ve to give it up.-Remember _ sticks to his work will succeed one day.A.who B.whoever C.whomever D.no matter whoABB 16._ troubles me is _ I cant learn all these English idioms by heart.A.That;that B.What;what C.That;what D.What;that 17._fashion differs from country to country may reflect the cultural

8、 differences in one way.A.What B.ThatC.ThisD.Which 18._ is power is a famous saying known to us all.A.What knowledge B.How knowledgeC.That knowledgeD.Where knowledgeDCB 19.-What are you anxious about?-_.A.How can we succeed B.Whether we can succeed C.When can we succeed D.That we succeed 20._ you ne

9、ed to improve your listening is more practice.A.ThatB.WhatC.WhyD.HowBB Task 4.Fill in the blanks with the correct conjunctions.1.Our income is now double _ it was ten years ago.2.The young girl was too frightened to speak,standing there for _seemed like hours.3.In 1492,Columbus reached _ is now call

10、ed America.4.You said you had never been helped.Thats _ I disagree.5._ want to come will be welcome.whatwhatwhatwhereWhoever 6.We hope,on the contrary,_ he will stay at home with us.7.-What did he hear?-_ Kate had passed the exam.8.He has no special fault except _ he smokes too much.9.Can you work o

11、ut _ we will spend during the trip?thatthatThathow much Task 5.Finish the following sentences according to the Chinese given below.1._(我们下次开会的时间和地点)has not been decided yet.2._(这几年你在哪里)is unknown to us all.When and where we will have the next meetingWhere you have been these years 3.It doesnt matter

12、 _(明天是晴天还是阴天).4._(玛丽告诉她的)is just what Alice is going to ask.5._ _(为什么这么多人喜欢踢足球)is obvious to us.whether its fine or cloudy tomorrowWhat Mary has told herWhy so many people like/are fond of playing football 6.I feel _ a pity_ I havent been to the get-together(我没去聚会，感觉非常遗憾)7.The teacher advised us _(我

13、们不用浪费时间).8.The new book is about _(神州6号宇宙飞船是如何升入太空的)into space.itthatthat we(should)not waste our timehow the Shenzhou VI spacecraft was sent up 9.He made clear his desire _(他要努力学习考上大学).10.The thought came to her that maybe _(她可能没有把门关上)when she left home.that he would work hard to go to collegeshe h

14、ad left the door open【课后巩固】Task 6 Fill in the blanks with the correct conjunctions.1._ Shenzhou-VIII spacecraft was successfully launched made all Chinese excited and proud.2._ will take charge of the organization is not important.3._Shirley will come to the get-together or not is still a question.T

15、hatWhetherWho 4.Its really none of your business_ Ill spend my summer vacation.5.It is reported _ the number of wild animals on this island is decreasing.6.Our school will have an important meeting next Monday,but it hasnt been informed _ the meeting will be held.howwherethat 7._ we will do is to le

16、ave a note for Mum to tell her we will be back soon.8.Its still far from clear _ action the government will take to control the situation.Whatwhat Task 7 Finish the following sentences(one word for each blank).1.她什么时候听到她哥哥死了的消息不得而知。_the news that her elder brother had died is unknown.2.我不清楚为什么我最好的朋友

17、Jackson没有来我的生日聚会。_ my best friend Jackson _ _ to my birthday party is not clear.When she heard aboutWhydidnt come 3.Lisa想知道的是她该如何去最近的邮局。_ Lisa wants to know is _ she can get to the nearest post office.4.还没有决定派谁去那里学习。_ is to be sent there to study hasnt been decided yet.WhathowWho 5.我喜欢下象棋，在我姐姐看来，这很奇

18、怪。_ I like to play chess seems strange to my elder sister.6.还没有查清楚那个瘦瘦的女孩在哪里工作，住在哪里。_ the thin girl works and lives has not been found out.ThatWhere Task 8 Rational Test(语法填空)On Wednesday morning at eleven oclock,I was walking down Main Street.I had just parked my car.Suddenly I heard two shots.I th

19、ought they 1._(come)from the bank.I ran towards the bank.I saw a man 2._(come)out.He was short and fat _a big moustache.More 4._(importance),he had a bag of money and a gun in his hands!5._ I could do anything,he ran up the street 6._ disappeared behind a bus.andcomingwithimportantlyBeforehad come T

20、hat afternoon I went to the movies.7._ happened?I saw the thief again at the foot of the stairs!I telephone the police from a telephone next to the rest room.The police arrived in 8._(little)than five minutes.They arrested the thief just as he 9._(buy)a chocolate bar from the candy machine.What an e

21、xciting day!And best of all,the bank gave me 10._$100 reward.Whatlesswas buyinga现在一起来总结一下：I.名词性从句的语法功能名词性从句：_从句,表语从句,宾语从句和同位语从句，在句中分别充当_ 语、表语、宾语 和同位语。II.主语从句的定义置于动词、系动词等词性前面起主语作用的从句叫主语从句。主语从句的语序必须是_语序。主语主陈述First read the sentences from the text and pay attention to the underlined parts function.(A 主

22、语 B 表语 C宾语 D 同位语)1.What it was to become was uncertain until between 4.5 and 3.8 billion years ago 2.it was not clear whether the shape would last or not.3.What is even more important is that as the earth cooled down,water began to appear on its surface.4.What many scientists believe is that the con

23、tinued presence 5.Why they suddenly disappeared still remains a mystery.AAAAA 主语从句是在复合句中充当主语的从句，其功同名词一样。为了避免头重脚轻，常用it作形式主语,而把真正主语放在句子末尾。That he is the best student in the class is obvious.=It is obvious that he is the best student in the class.主语从句引导主语从句的关联词有三类：1)从属连词that。如:That they were true siste

24、rs was clear from the facial resemblance between them.很明显,她们确是亲姐妹,她们的脸型很相似。2)从属连词whether。如：Whether hell come here isnt clear.他是否会来这里还不清楚。3)连接代词who,whom,whose,what,which,whoever,whatever,whichever,连接副词 where,when,how,why。What she did is not yet known.她干了什么尚不清楚。How this happened is not clear to anyone

25、.这事怎样发生的,谁也不清楚。Whoever comes is welcome.不论谁来都欢迎他怎么又为什么突然消失仍然是个迷。How and why he suddenly disappeared remains a mystery.主语从句三要素he became a great scientist is known to us all.What I told you is really true.Notice:What we need most are books.How1.从句用陈述语序2.谓语动词一般用单数3.不能省略关联词That he is the best student in

26、 the classis obvious.That在主语从句中,谓语一般用单数。无论他说什么都不重要。Whatever he says is of no importance无论谁说这话都不对。Whoever says that is wrong但谓语动词用单数还是复数,不可一概而论,而要视句子的意义而定。What I need is money.What I need are books.what 与that 在引导主语从句时的区别:what 引导主语从句时在从句中充当句子成分,如主语、宾语、表语,而that 则不充当句子成分,而且也不能省略。1)What you said yesterda

27、y is right.2)That she is still alive is a consolation.Whatever and whoeverwhatever=anything that whoever=anyone who不管是谁犯了法,他都应该受到惩罚。Whoever breaks the law should be punished.=Anyone who breaks the law should be punished.whether之后可以直接跟or not,而if 则不能。I dont care whether or not your car breaks down.I d

28、ont know whether or not hes coming.但是不可以说：I dont care if or not your car breaks down.whether 与 if whether引导的从句一般不可以为否定结构(选择问句的后一部分除外);而if则可以跟否定结构,如:I dont care if she doesnt come.I dont care if it doesnt rain.但是,在某些动词或形容词之后,则可以用whether引导一个否定结构的句子,这种结构往往表示肯定的含义,如：I wonder whether he doesnt think too

29、much of himself.=I think he does think too much of himself.在个别动词之后,如discuss 等,只跟用whether引导的宾语从句,如:They discussed whether they should close the shop.We discussed whether Mary could join us.whether 可以引导从句作介词的宾语,而if则不能,如：Im not interested in whether theyll go or not.whether可以直接跟动词不定式连用,而if则不能,如:I didnt

30、 know whether to laugh or to cry.She hasnt decided whether to go or not.引导主语从句(包括从句在句首的位置)应当用whether,不用if,如：Whether it is true remains a problem.Whether he will come,I am not sure.引导表语从句用whether,不用if,如:The question is whether you should accept it.The question is whether he will speak at the meeting.

31、引导同位语从句用whether,不用if,如:The question whether hell attend the meeting is essential.I am in doubt whether I should agree to the plan.(NMET 1996)1._ well go camping tomorrow depends on the weather.2.I have just discuss _ we should give him enough help.3.They had no idea _ or not they could achieve their

32、 goals.Whetherwhetherwhether不可省略的连词：1.引导主语,同位语,表语从句的连词不可省略。2.it作形式宾语的宾语从句3.并列宾语从句中,后面的从句引导词。That she was chosen made us very happy.We heard the news that our team had won.The reason is that he is too careless.I think it necessary that you should read aloud.He told(that)his father had died and that h

33、e had to make a living by himself.用it 作形式主语的结构(1)(1)It is 名词 从句It is a fact that 事实是 It is an honor that 非常荣幸It is common knowledge that 是常识(2)It is 形容词 从句It is natural that 很自然 It is strange that 奇怪的是用it 作形式主语的结构(2)(3)It is 不及物动词 从句It seems that 似乎 It happened that 碰巧 It appears that 似乎(4)It 过去分词 从

34、句It is reported that 据报道 It has been proved that 已证实 It is said that 据说1.连接词有：that whether 和 lf2.连接代词有：who whom whose which what 等3.连接副词有：when where why how 等另外 whatever whoever whichever等也可以引导主语和宾语两种从句。名词性从句可以表示：事实和问题。名词性从句中的“that”没有词义，也不作任何成分。1._ you dont like him is none of my business.A.What B.W

35、ho C.That D.Whether2._ he said at the meeting astonished everybody present.A.What B.That C.Which D.Whether3.On my way home in the street,I saw a lady _ I thought was your aunt.A.who B.what C.which D.whom4.The Foreign Minister said,“_ is our hope that the two sides will work to-wards peace.”A.This B.

36、That C.There D.It 5.We cannot explain _ quite a number of insects,birds and other animals are dying out.A.that B.as C.why D.whenChoose the best answers.CAADC6.Does _ matter if he cant finish the job on time?A.this B.that C.he D.it 7._ the sports meet will be held depends on the weather.A.When ever B

37、.If C.Whether D.That 8._ beat Xiao Wang black and blue is not known.A.Whom B.Whoever C.Who D.What9._ we cant get seems better than _ we have.A.What;what B.What;that C.That;that D.That;what DCCA10._ makes mistakes must correct them.A.What B.That C.Whoever D.Whatever11.It worried her a bit _ her hair

38、was turning grey.A.while B.that C.if D.for12.When and why he came here _ yet.A.is not known B.are not known C.has not known D.have not known13._ is no reason for dismissing her.A.Because she was a few minutes late B.Owing to a few minutes C.The fact that she was a few minutes late D.Being a few minu

39、tes lateCBAC1.A:That light travels in straight lines is known to all.B:_ _ _ _ that light travels in straight lines.2.A:When the plane is to take off has not been announced.B:_ _ _ _ _ when the plane is to take off.3.A:It is a mystery to me which of them won the gold medal.B:Which of them won the go

40、ld medal _ _ _ to me.4.A:He hasnt told us the reason for his being late again.B:_ _ _ _ _ has not been told.Its known to allIt has not been announcedis amysteryWhy he was late again1.Go and get your coat.Its _ you left it.A.there B.where C.there were D.where there 2.The problem is _ he has enough ti

41、me.A.if B.whether C./D.that 3.He made a promise _ he would help me.A.what B.when C.that D.whichBBC单项选择4.I remember _ this used to be a quiet village.A.how B.when C.where D.what 5.It is generally considered unwise to give a child _ he or she wants.A.however B.whatever C.whichever D.whereverBB6.Can yo

42、u make sure _ the gold rings?A.where she had put B.where had she put C.where she has put D.where has she put7.The reason that has been such a success _ he never gives up.A.is B.is because C.is that D.is what8._ breaks the law should be punished.A.Whoever B.No matter who C.anyone.D.whoCCA9.That is _

43、I had to take the risk of being washed away.A.why B.reason why C.how D.what10.Do _ you think is right _ difficulties you may have.A.what;however B.that;whatever C.whatever;whoever D.what;whatever11.The workers considered it important _ the boss would agree to give them a rise.A.whether B.how C.where

44、 D.which ADA12.Along with the letter was his promise _ he would visit me this coming Christmas.A.which B.that C.what D.whether13.Difficulty lies _ we have no money.A.that B.in that C.in the fact D.in the fact that14.I dont think the question of _ they are old or young is important.A.which B.whether

45、C.how D.whyBD B15.The news _ Lincoln was murdered filled the American peoples hearts with deep sorrow.A.which B.when C.that D.how 16._ he said at the meeting astonished everyone present.A.What B.That C.The fact D.The matter17.I dont trust his promise _ he will buy me a new car.A.which B.what C.when

46、D.that CA D18.She received the message _ he would come by plane.A.that B.which C.what D.when19.Energy is _ makes things work.A.what B.something C.anything D.that20.Our city has changed a lot,and now it is quite different from _ a few years ago.A.what it used to be B.that it used to be C.which it use

47、d to be D.what was itAAA21.We all know the truth _ there are air,water and sunlight,there are living things.A.wherever B.where C.that D.that wherever22.The true value of life is not in _,but_.A.how you get;that you give B.which you get;what you giveC.what you get;what you giveD.what do you get;what

48、do you give23._ is a fact that English is being accepted as an international language.A.There B.This C.That D.ItDC DDiscovering useful structures1.His discovery has not yet been proved.What _.2.Do the other astronomers accept his ideas?It remains a question.Whether _.3.The first appearance of life o

49、n earth is still a mystery to scientists.How _.has not yet been proved is his discoveryaccepts his ideas remains a questionis still a mystery to scientistsEx.2other astronomerslife first appeared on earth4.Why is the earth becoming warmer?It is an important topic for research.Why _.5.Stephen Hawking

50、 at 65 experienced zero gravity during a flight.It amazed everybody.It amazed everybody _.6.Pluto is no longer considered a planet in our solar system.What a surprise!It is a surprise _.at 65 experienced zero gravity during a flight.that Pluto is no longer considered a planet in our solar system the earth is becoming warmer is an important topic for researchthat Stephen Hawking