高考英语专题复习－IT的用法.ppt

1、It的用法用作人称代词1.用于指事。It用作人称代词最基本的用法就是代替前面已提到过的事物，以避免重复。I cannot find my watch；I must have lost it.2.用于指动物或婴儿。主要用于指动物或性别不详的婴儿。“Where is the cat?“It is under the bed.”They got a baby and it very lovely.3.用于上文提到的情况。He smokes a lot in bed and I dont like it.4.用于指人。it 用于指人主要用于确定未知人的身份：“Who is it？”“Its me.”S

2、omeone must have been here.But we have no idea who it was.5.指人时与he和she的区别。当it用于指人时，主要用于确定未知的或身份不明的人，若是指已知的或身份明确的人，则应根据情况使用he或she。比较：I hear a knock at the door.It must be the postmen.Jim is at the door.He wants to see you.6.指物时与One的区别。两者均可代替前面提到的事物，区别是：It指的是与前面已提到的事物为同一物，此时的It等于“the(this,that,my)+名词;

3、而one指的是与前面已提到的事物为同一事物，此时的one等于“a+名词”。比较：.I have a pen but Ive lent it to Mary.I havent a pen;can you lend me one?1.用于指时间Its three years since he left here.2.用于指距离How far is it from here to the station?3.用于指环境It was very quiet in the garden.4.用于指天气等自然现象.Its very cold today.Its 37 today.用作虚主语或虚宾语5.用于笼

4、统地谈论某情况I cannot help it.没办法了。“Hows it going？”“well，not so good.”用作形式主语1.基本用法。当不定式、动名词、从句等用作主语时，为避免头重脚轻，通常在句首使用形式 主语it，而把真正的主语放在句子末尾：Is it necessary to do so？It doesnt matter what she says.2几种特殊的形式主语.用作动词look、seem、appear、happen、occur、follow 等的主语（后接that从句或as if从句）：It seems as if it is going to rain.It

5、（so）happened that I had no money with me.当系表结构接有或引出的状语从句时，通常在系表结构前使用形式主语表示说话人对某情况的看法：It was a good surprise to me when he said that.It would be a tragedy if anything went wrong.用于其他固定句型,如if it were not for,its time that3误用形式主语的几种情况:在该用it作形式主语的地方而误用其他词Is _ necessary to tell his father everything?A.it

6、B.that C.what D.he在不该用it作形式主语的地方而误用形式主语_must be something wrong with the machine.A.ThereB.ItC.HeD.That_is known to all,the earth runs around the earth._is known to all that the earth runs around the earth.A.ItB.whichC.AsD.That_is difficult to persuade her to stay._is difficult is to persuade her to

7、stay.A.ItB.whatC.HeD.ThatAA试比较：CAAB1.基本用法：当不定式.动名词 从句等用作宾语且其后跟有宾补时,就应在宾补前使用形式宾语,而将真正的宾语移到句末:We found it difficult to persuade her.He make it a rule to get up before dawn.2.几种特殊的形式宾语：通常意义的形式宾语主要见于真正宾语为不定式.动名词 从句等且其后跟有宾语补足语时的情形，即用于“动词it宾语补足语真正宾语”这样的结构，但以下几类形式宾语比教特殊，其后没有宾补：由于介词后通常不能直接跟从句作宾语，有个别特殊结构就在介词

8、后先接it作形式宾语，再跟that从句：You may depend on it that he will turn up in time.Ill see to it that all these letters will be sent to the post office before twelve.用作形式宾语在其他情况下解决介词后跟that从句的办法是借用the fact作宾语：They were worried over the fact that you were sick.个别介词（主要是but和 except）也可接that从句作宾语：I know nothing about

9、him except that he lives next door.有的动词由于通常只用作及物动词，当它们后接if从句或when从句，通常应先在动词后接it作形式宾语。She wont like it if you arrive late.He hates it when people use his bike.能这样用的动词不多，主要有enjoy，like，dislike，love，hate，prefer，appreciate等表示情绪的动词。I hate_when people talk with their mouths full.A.it B.that C.these D.them请

10、看一高考题：A用于have it that（说、认为）,take it that（认为）等固定表达中:I take it that you agree.Report has it that about 30 people were killed in the accident,用于强调句型中It用于强调句型中（略）高考真题精选：1.Is_possible to fly to the moon in a spaceship?A.now B.man C.that D.it2.Is_necessary to complete the design before National Day?A this

11、 B.that C.it D.he3.I dont think _ possible to master a foreign language without much memory work.A this B.that C.its D.it4.Does_matter if he cant finish the job on time?A this B.that C.he D.itDCDD5._is a fact that English is being accepted as an international language.A.There B.This C.That D.It 6.I

12、hate _when people talk with their mouths full.A.it B.that C.them D.7.The Parkers bought a new house but _ will need a lot of work before they can move in.A.they B.it C.one D.which 高考仿真题精选：1.Luckily,_ happened to be a foreign teacher.A.it B.there C.they D.that2.You should make_ a rule to leave things

13、 where you can find them again.A.it B.that C.you D.this3._ is known to everybody,the moon travels around the earth once every month.A.It B.As C.That D.What DABBAB4.I want very much to buy a color TV set,but I cant afford_ A.it B.one C.this D.that5.I should prefer_ if you didnt go there alone.A.it B.

14、that C.you D.which6.He is always really rude,_ is why people tend to avoid him.A.that B.it C.this D.which7.Having a trip abroad is certainly good for the old couple,but_ remains to be seen whether they will enjoy it.A.that B.it C.this D.which8.Dear me！Just look at the time！I had no idea _was so late

15、.A.it B.as C.that D.what9._ is hard is to do good all ones life and never do anything bad.A.He B.It C.That D.WhatBADBAD10._is hard to do good all ones life and never do anything bad.A.He B.It C.That D.What11._doesnt seem to have been much difficulty in solving the problem A.It B.That C.There D.He 12.I cant remember a Christmas when _ snowed so much.A.it B.that C.what D.the weatherBCA1