高考英语二轮复习精品课件：非谓语动词2.ppt

1、非谓语动词 1.动词的ing形式(1)作主语动词的ing形式作主语时，谓语动词要用单数。Leaving the heating on all the time wastes electricity.让暖气整天开着是浪费电力。Swimming is great exercise.游泳是项很好的锻炼。常用ing形式作主语的句型有：It is a waste of/no good/no use/worthwhile doing；There is no sense/use/good/point in doing.Its no use arguing with hershe wont listen.跟她

2、争论没有用她不会听的。I could see that there was no point in arguing with him.我明白与他争论没有什么意义。(2)作表语Its surprising how quickly those in the public eye fade.那些人这么快就从公众心目中消逝，真是想不到。应当清楚ing形式作表语时，要注意与句子主语在形式上保持一致。Seeing is believing.或者To see is to believe.眼见为实。(3)作定语ing形式作定语时，置于被修饰词之前，表示被修饰的名词的用途或者性能。sleeping pill(a

3、 pill which helps you to sleep)安眠药sleeping car(a part of a train with beds for passengers)卧车另外，要注意下列常用的ing形式作定语的短语：a hiding place 藏身之处 a sailing boat 帆船an operating table 手术台 a dressing room 更衣室building materials 建筑材料 drinking water 饮用水a guessing game 猜谜游戏 a racing bicycle 赛车(4)作宾语ing形式可以作动词宾语和介词宾语I

4、 couldnt resist sneaking a look at her diary.我忍不住偷看了一眼她的日记。Lenas trying to stop smoking.莉娜正试图戒烟。(5)作宾语补足语ing形式作宾语补足语表示宾语的状态。Stuart found the atmosphere of the college enormously exciting.斯图尔特发现该大学的氛围让人兴奋。I think I can hear someone knocking.我似乎听到有人在敲门。(6)作状语时间状语Walking around the city，we were impress

5、ed by the peoples kindness.在城市里走时，人们的友好给我们留下深刻印象。Hearing the good news，we were all excited.听到这个好消息时，我们非常激动。条件状语Staying here for a long time，youll find the room is very cheap.若在此呆上一段时间，你会发现这屋子非常便宜。Turning to the left，you will find a police station.向左转，你会找到警察局。原因状语Being a quiet sort of fellow，I didnt

6、want to get involved.作为一个喜欢清静的人，我不想介入。伴随状语She walked along singing to herself.她边走边唱。2.过去分词(1)过去分词的句法功能过去分词是动词的一种非谓语形式，兼有动词、副词和形容词的特征，可以带宾语或受状语修饰。过去分词及其宾语或状语一起构成过去分词短语。过去分词一般表示完成的和被动的动作，在句中可以作定语、表语、宾语补足语或状语。作定语作定语用的过去分词如果是一个单词，一般放在被修饰词的前面；如果是过去分词短语作定语，则放在被修饰词的后面。The road was blocked by a fallen tree.

7、路被倒下的树堵塞了。Mind the broken glass.当心碎玻璃。作表语过去分词作表语，多表示主语所处的状态。The articles very well written.这篇文章写得棒极了。The kids are so excited about Christmas.圣诞节令孩子们十分兴奋。过去分词作表语用，相当于形容词，最常见的有：amused，astonished，crowded，delighted，disappointed，discouraged，drunk，excited，hurt，interested，married，pleased，puzzled，satisfied，

8、surprised，tired，upset，worried等。作宾语补足语过去分词可以在see，hear，notice，watch，keep，find，get，have，feel等动词后面与名词或代词构成复合宾语。Its about time we got the kitchen repainted.该是重新油漆一遍厨房的时候了。He made it known that he would not be running for reelection.他公开宣布他不打算竞选连任。作状语a过去分词短语常用作状语，修饰谓语，说明动作发生的背景或情况。这类状语大多数放在句子前部(主语前面)，也有少数可

9、以放在句子后部(谓语后面)，或者插在中间(主语后面)。Tom Selleck walked in，followed by a crowd of photographers.汤姆塞莱克走了进来，后面跟着一群摄影师。Determined that his son would do well，Eliot sent him to a private school.埃利奥特坚信儿子会学业优异，因此把他送到私立学校学习。b过去分词也可以单独用作状语。Heated，water changes into steam.加热后，水变成水蒸气。She turned away，disappointed.她失望地离开了

10、。过去分词短语作状语可以表示相当于一个原因状语从句、时间状语从句、让步状语从句、条件状语从句的句子。Jill lay on the grass，exhausted by her long run.吉尔躺在草地上，长跑使得她精疲力竭。Seen from the hill，the park looks more beautiful.United，we stand；divided，we fall.Beaten by the opposite team，the players were not discouraged and practiced even harder.c这类状语多数放在句子前面，个别

11、放在主谓之间。表示伴随情况(这种用法没有与之相当的状语从句可以代替)Trains in this country spend too much time stopping，waiting for other trains.注意：过去分词短语作状语时，它的逻辑主语一般必须与句子的主语一致。但有时它可以有自己独立的逻辑主语，这种结构称为独立(主格)结构，多数情况下，它表示一种伴随动作或情况。All things considered，Im sure we made the right decision.从各方面考虑起来，我相信我们做的决定是正确的。(2)部分过去分词的用法比较有些过去分词，既可作前

12、置定语，也可作后置定语，但两者表达的意思有所不同。试比较以下表达：the people concerned有关人员the concerned expression担忧的表情过去分词短语作定语时，只能用于先于谓语动词发生的动作，或指一般情况。He is a man loved by all.过去分词在使役动词have，get，make等词后面作宾语补足语时，常表示这个动作不是由主语自身完成的，而是由别人完成的。Where do you normally have your hair done?你通常在哪儿剪发？I had to shout to make myself heard above the music.我不得不大声喊叫以使人们在音乐声中听到我的话。在“have宾语过去分词”结构中，have有三种不同含义：表示“使”“让”“招致”；表示“遭受”“经历”；表示“有”。Within minutes he had the whole audience laughing and clapping.短短几分钟内他就让全体观众发出阵阵笑声和掌声。She had all her jewellery stolen.她所有的珠宝都被偷了。He had guilt written all over his face.他一脸内疚。课时作业点击进入链接