上海市鲁迅中学2021-2022学年高一英语下学期期中考试试卷（Word版附解析）.docx

1、上海市鲁迅中学2021 学年第二学期高一英语期中考试考试卷（满分100分，考试时间 60分钟）I. Grammar and vocabulary （25分）Section A (每题1.5分）Directions: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the giv

2、en word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank.Life Doesnt Just Happen to UsBeing good at something and having a passion for it are not enough. Success depends mainly on our view of ourselves and of the events in our lives. When twelve-year-old John Wilson walked into his chem

3、istry class on a rainy day in 1931, he had no way of knowing that his life was to change completely. The class experiment that day was to show _1_heating a container of water would bring air bubbling to the surface. Somehow, the container the teacher gave Wilson _2_(heat) mistakenly held something m

4、ore volatile(易挥发的) than water. When Wilson heated it, the container exploded, _3_(leave) Wilson blinded in both eyes. When Wilson returned home from hospital two months later, his parents attempted to find a way to deal with the disaster that _4_(happen) to their lives. But Wilson did not regard the

5、 accident _5_a disaster. He learned braille(盲文) quickly and continued his education at Worcester College for the Blind. There, he not only did well as a student but also became an _6_(accomplish) public speaker.Later, he worked in Africa,_7_many people suffered from blindness for lack of proper trea

6、tment. For him, it was one thing to accept his own fate of being blind and quite another to allow something to continue when it _8_be fixed so easily. Wilson did his best to prevent the preventable _9_ tens of millions in Africa and Asia could recover their sight.Wilson received several internationa

7、l awards for his great contributions. He lost his sight but found a vision. He proved that its not what happens to us _10_determines our lives- its what we make of what happens.【110题答案】【答案】1. why 2. to heat 3. leaving 4. had happened 5. as 6. accomplished 7. where 8. could 9. so that 10. that【解析】【分析

8、】这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了John在做课堂实验时，因为意外而失明，但他不气馁，通过他的实际行动和生活态度向我们证明，决定我们生活的不是发生在我们身上的事情，而是我们如何对待发生的事情。【1题详解】考查宾语从句。句意：那天的班级实验是为了说明为什么加热一个盛水的容器会使空气冒泡到表面。空处引导宾语从句，从句缺少原因状语，需用连接副词why引导。故填why。【2题详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：不知怎么的，老师给威尔逊加热的容器错误地装了比水更易挥发的东西。空处需填动词不定式做后置定语。故填to heat。【3题详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：当威尔逊加热时，容器爆炸了，威尔逊的双眼都瞎了。空处需填非谓

9、语动词作结果状语，前面一句话和leave为逻辑上的主谓关系，需用现在分词形式。故填leaving。【4题详解】考查动词时态。句意：两个月后，当威尔逊从医院回到家时，他的父母试图找到一种方法来处理发生在他们生活中的灾难。happen发生在“attempted to”之前，表示“过去的过去”，使用过去完成时。故填had happened。【5题详解】考查固定短语。句意：但威尔逊并不认为这次事故是一场灾难。regardas为固定短语，意为“把对待成”。故填as。【6题详解】考查形容词。句意：在那里，他不仅是一名优秀的学生，而且还成为了一名出色的演说家。修饰名词speaker，需填形容词作定语。故填a

10、ccomplished。【7题详解】考查定语从句。句意：后来，他在非洲工作，那里有许多人因缺乏适当的治疗而失明。空处引导非限制性定语从句，先行词Africa在定语从句中作地点状语，需用关系副词where引导。故填where。【8题详解】考查情态动词。句意：对他来说，接受自己失明的命运是一回事，而在事情可以轻易解决的情况下允许事情继续下去则完全是另一回事。结合句意“能够”和“was”可知，此处需填can的过去式could。故填could。【9题详解】考查从属连词。句意：威尔逊竭尽全力预防可预防的疾病，使非洲和亚洲的数千万人恢复视力。“ tens of millions in Africa and

11、 Asia could recover their sight.”是目的，需用从属连词so that引导目的状语从句。故填so that。【10题详解】考查强调句。句意：他证明了并不是发生在我们身上的事情决定了我们的生活，而是我们如何看待发生的事情。“It is+被强调部分+that+句子其他成分”为强调句的基本句型，此处对主语从句“what happens to us”进行强调。故填that。Section B (每题1分）Directions: Complete the following passage by using the words in the box. Each word c

12、an only be used once. Note that there is one word more than you need.A. honors B. inspiring C. cultural D. awokeE. promoting F. success G. distinguished H. similarI. considered J. normally K. incredibly Sports Icons(偶像) Who Lead a ChangeChinas sports industry has entered a new era when the superstar

13、s themselves become the absolute focus of public attention. Compared with the gold medals and_11_the Chinese team has received, sports stars play the role of_12_people and improving the status of their sports in China. The following is an overview of those stars who once were, currently are or in th

14、e future will become milestones to change Chinas sports demographics(统计数据). Yao Ming: Chinas Ambassador(大使)Standing at 2.29 meters, Yao Ming used basketball to become one of the mainstream_13_ambassadors in modern China. He first played for his hometown Shanghai Sharks team in the CBA where he becam

15、e a CBA champion ad Finals MVP in 2002. Soon afterwards, Yao was chosen by the Houston Rockets as the top overall pick in 2002. Over an eight-year span with the Rockets, Yao became an eight-time NBA All-Star. Besides his_14_in the CBA and the NBA, Yao was also a big reason for Chinas continued domin

16、ance in the Asia basketball scene and their constant presence at world-level competitions. To this day, Yao remains one of Chinas most_15_sports and cultural icons. Liu Xiang: A Great BreakthroughChinas world champion hurdler, Liu Xiang_16_the nations long-sleeping interest in track and field events

17、 after he became the first man to ever win a mens track and field event for China. Before Liu won a gold medal in the mens 110m hurdle race at the Athens 2004 Olympic Games and set a world record two years later, Chinese people had never shown such a strong interest in track and field events. Liu ha

18、s become a significant player in Chinas track and field events and the craze that has followed him is_17_to Yao Mings influence on Chinas basketball. Both athletes prove how powerful a super sports star can be on_18_the development of a sport in China. Li Na: New Image of Chinas Tennis Being the fir

19、st Asian to win the singles title of a Grand Slam tournament, Li Na opened the door to tennis in China and even Asia. Her victory at the French Open 2011 was like a fairy tale and she has since been_19_as a national sports hero equal to Yao Ming and Liu Xiang. A record-breaking 116 million viewers f

20、rom China tuned in to watch Li become the French Open champion, marking the start of a womens tennis boom in a country_20_left out of the tennis conversation.【1120题答案】【答案】11. A 12. B 13. C 14. F 15. G 16. D 17. H 18. E 19. I 20. J【解析】【分析】这是一篇记叙文。文章主题是：介绍了几位过去，现在或是未来会改变中国体育数据的里程碑式的运动员，包括姚明、刘翔和李娜。【11题

21、详解】考查名词。句意：与中国队获得的金牌和荣誉相比，体育明星在中国发挥着鼓舞人心、提高他们的运动在中国的体育地位的作用。根据前文“gold medals and” 可知，空处应填名词和gold medals并列。honor“荣誉”，为名词，符合题意，且金牌和荣誉紧密联系。故选A项。【12题详解】考查动词。句意：与中国队获得的金牌和荣誉相比，体育明星在中国发挥着鼓舞人心、提高他们的运动在中国的体育地位的作用。此处和后面“and improving the status of their sports in China（提升他们的运动在中国的地位）”以and来连接，空处形式应和improving并

22、列。使用doing形式。宾语是people ，inspiring“激励；鼓舞”符合题意。故选B项。【13题详解】考查形容词。句意：姚明身高2.29米，用篮球成为现代中国的主流文化大使之一。空后为名词ambassadors大使，空处应用形容词作定语来修饰ambassadors。cultural“文化的”为形容词，符合句意。故选C项。【14题详解】考查名词。句意：除了在他在CBA和NBA的成功之外，姚明也是中国在亚洲篮球舞台上继续占据主导地位并不断出现在世界级比赛中的一个重要原因。根据前面his，可知空处应填名词，success“成功”为名词，符合题意。故选F项。【15题详解】考查形容词。句意：时

23、至今日，姚明仍然是中国最杰出的体育和文化偶像之一。根据前面most可知，此处应使用形容词表示最高级。distinguished“杰出的”为形容词，符合题意。故选G项。【16题详解】考查动词。句意：中国跨栏世界冠军刘翔在成为第一个为中国赢得男子田径项目冠军后，唤醒了中国人对田径项目沉睡已久的兴趣。分析句子可知，此处应填谓语动词的一般过去时，awoke“唤醒”，符合题意。故选D项。【17题详解】考查形容词。句意：刘翔已然成为中国田径项目的一名重要球员，随之而来的热潮与姚明对中国篮球的影响相似。分析句子可知，此处作表语，将姚明和刘翔的影响力作对比，需填形容词。be similar to意为“和相似”

24、，符合句意。故选H项。【18题详解】考查动词。句意：两位运动员都证明了一位超级体育明星在促进中国体育发展方面的强大力量。根据介词on和the development of a sport in China“中国体育事业的发展”，可知，此处应填动词的doing形式。promoting“促进”符合题意。故选E项。【19题详解】考查动词。句意：她在2011年法国网球公开赛上的胜利就像一个童话，从此她被视为与姚明和刘翔并驾齐驱的民族体育英雄。根据has been 和as可知此处应填动词，be considered as“被认为；被当作”符合题意。故选I。【20题详解】考查副词。句意：来自中国创纪录的1

25、.16亿观众收看了李娜成为法网冠军的比赛，这标志着一个通常被排除在网球话题之外的国家开始了女子网球热潮。left out of the tennis conversation“排除在网球话题之外”，为非谓语动词作后置定语修饰country。空处应使用副词形式来修饰动词词组left out。normally“通常地”,符合题意。故选J项。III. Reading Comprehension (58分）Section A (每题2分）Directions: For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases

26、 marked A, B, C and D. Filling in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context.Todays youth seem content to take the easy route and enjoy the ride of life. When_21_ situations arise, they often pull a long face and _22_. How you live your teen years will have a profound influence on

27、 the rest of your life. You must learn to use your _23_ wisely.You may not see it now, _24_ developing leadership characteristics at a young age is very important._25_ we get older, it becomes harder to overcome bad habits and replace them with good ones. Possessing leadership qualities is essential

28、, both in this life and in the world to come. There are certain qualities that one needs to develop in order to become a leader: justice, judgment, dependability, initiative, decisiveness, tact, integrity, enthusiasm, poise, unselfishness, courage, knowledge and loyalty. You may recognize these as g

29、ood qualities to have, without realizing how they apply to leadership. The more these qualities are part of your nature, the more _26_ and enjoyable your life will be. All of these are qualities that one must possess to one degree or another._27_ popular opinion, leadership is something that is lear

30、ned. No one is born a leader. We are all capable of _28_ the leadership qualities mentioned above - some just choose not to. Of course, not everyone can be the “top dog”,_29_ all the time. However, everyone does have the capacity to lead in some way - but _30_ is required! Understand that learning i

31、s a fact of life-learning to ride a bike, learning to drive, learning to type, learning mathematics, etc. All of these activities _31_ action. While we are born with many different abilities, if we do not _32_ and develop them, those abilities will never come to fruition.Youth is an excellent time t

32、o start developing leadership characteristics. _33_ the time to study each one in detail. Put them into practice as you interact with other people. Determine which areas you are weak in striving to always improve. Observe the leaders, and how they handle situations and carry themselves. Also, study

33、the lives of great leaders.The results will _34_ you in this life and _35_ !21. A. comfortableB. enjoyableC. toughD. convenient22. A. complainB. laughC. shoutD. regret23. A. intelligenceB. challengeC. degreeD. time24. A. forB. whileC. butD. since25. A. BeforeB. AfterC. ThoughD. As26. A. efficientB.

34、effectiveC. productiveD. sufficient27. A. In spite ofB. Contrary toC. As forD. Regardless of28. A. demandingB. carryingC. expectingD. exhibiting29. A. let aloneB. depend onC. start offD. get together30. A. actionB. perseveranceC. intelligenceD. patience31. A. causeB. requireC. profitD. set32. A. inc

35、reaseB. exportC. recallD. exploit33. A. SpendB. PayC. TakeD. Consume34. A. chargeB. encourageC. serveD. entitle35. A. outB. offC. awayD. beyond【2135题答案】【答案】21. C 22. A 23. D 24. C 25. D 26. C 27. B 28. D 29. A 30. A 31. B 32. D 33. C 34. C 35. D【解析】【导语】这是一篇议论文。文章主要说明了一个人如何度过他的青少年时期将会对这个人的余生产生巨大的影响，指

36、出在年轻的时候培养领导素质是非常重要的，说明了优秀的领导者所具备的品质，领导力可以通过后天习得。【21题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：当困难的情况出现时，他们经常拉长脸，抱怨。A. comfortable舒服的；B. enjoyable令人愉快的；C. tough艰难的；D. convenient方便的。根据“they often pull a long face”可知，出现困难的情况时，人们会绷着脸。故选C。【22题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意同上。A. complain抱怨；B. laugh笑；C. shout喊叫；D. regret后悔。根据“When_1_ situations ar

37、ise”可知，当困难的情况出现时，人们经常拉长脸，抱怨。故选A。【23题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：你必须学会明智地利用时间。A. intelligence智力；B. challenge挑战；C. degree程度；D. time时间。根据上文“How you live your teen years will have a profound influence on the rest of your life.”可知，如何度过青少年时期将对你得余生产生重大影响，所以必须学会明智地利用好自己地时间。故选D。【24题详解】考查连词词义辨析。句意：也许你现在还不理解，但在年轻时培养领导能力是非常

38、重要的。A. for因为；B. while当时候；C. but但是；D. since自从。上文提到“也许你现在还不理解”，下文提到“在年轻时培养领导能力是非常重要的”，上下文之间形成转折关系，需用连词but连接。故选C。【25题详解】考查连词词义辨析。句意：随着年龄的增长，我们很难改掉坏习惯，用好习惯取而代之。A. Before在之前；B. After在之后；C. Though尽管；D. As随着。根据“we get older”可知，此处表示“随着年龄地增长”，需用as引导时间状语从句。故选D。【26题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：这些品质成为你天性的一部分越多，你的生活就会越富有成效、越

39、快乐。A. efficient有效率的；B. effective有效的；C. productive富有成效的，多产的；D. sufficient足够的。根据“and enjoyable your life will be”可知，领导品质能够让一个人地生活更快乐，更富有成效。故选C。27题详解】考查固定短语辨析。句意：与流行观点相反，领导力是一种后天习得的东西。A. In spite of尽管，虽然；B. Contrary to与相反；C. As for至于；D. Regardless of不管，不顾。根据下文“While we are born with many different abil

40、ities”和“No one is born a leader.”可知，领导力是一种后天习得的东西，这是与流行观点相反的。故选B。【28题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：我们都有能力展示出上述的领导品质只是有些人选择不这样做。A. demanding要求；B. carrying携带；C. expecting期待；D. exhibiting展示。根据“everyone does have the capacity to lead in some way”可知，我们都有能力展示出上述的领导品质。故选D。【29题详解】考查动词短语辨析。句意：当然，不是每个人都能成为“领导人”，更不用说一直都是领导人。

41、A. let alone更不必说；B. depend on依靠，取决于；C. start off出发；D. get together聚会。上文提到“不是每个人都能成为“领导人”，此处表示递进关系，更不用说一直都是领导人。故选A。【30题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：然而，每个人都有能力以某种方式领导但行动是必需的！A. action行动；B. perseverance毅力；C. intelligence智慧；D. patience耐心。根据下文“All of these activities _11_ action.”可知，此处是信息词action的词汇复现。故选A。【31题详解】考查动词词义

42、辨析。句意：所有这些活动都需要行动。A. cause导致；B. require需要；C. profit获益，得到好处；D. set设置。对应上文“is required”可知，此处指所有这些活动都需要行动。故选B。【32题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：虽然我们生来就有许多不同的能力，但如果我们不开发和发展它们，这些能力将永远不会实现。A. increase增长；B. export出口；C. recall回忆；D. exploit开发，利用。根据“and develop them, those abilities will never come to fruition.”可知，人生来具有的能力，

43、也需要培养和利用，否则这些能力也无法取得成果。故选D。【33题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：花时间详细研究每一个性格特征。A. Spend花费（sb. spend time (in) doing sth.）；B. Pay支付；C. Take花费（it takes sb. some time to do sth.）；D. Consume消耗。Take time to do sth.为固定用法，表示“花费时间做某事”。故选C。【34题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：这些成果将在你的如今的生活中为你服务甚至更久以后都能受益。A. charge收费；B. encourage鼓励；C. serve服务；D

44、. entitle使享有权利。根据“_13_ the time to study each one in detail.”可知，花时间详细研究每一个性格特征，这些成果将在你的如今的生活中为你服务。故选C。【35题详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意同上。A. out出去；B. off脱离；C. away离开；D. beyond在（或向）更远处。根据上文“both in this life and in the world to come.”可知，作者认为利用好青少年时期来进行领导才能的培养，其结果将使人受益，甚至更久以后都受益。故选D。Section B （每题2分）Directions: Read

45、the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read.(A)To take the apple as forbidden fru

46、it is the most unlikely story the Christians (基督徒) have ever cooked up. For them, the forbidden fruit from Eden is evil. So when Columbus brought the tomato back from South America, a land mistakenly considered to be Eden, everyone jumped to the obvious conclusion. Wrongly taken as the apple of Eden

47、, the tomato was shut out of the door of Europeans.What made it particularly terrifying was its similarity to the mandrake, a plant that thought to have come from Hell. What earned the plant its awful reputation was its roots which looked like a dried-up human body occupied by evil spirits. Though t

48、he tomato and the mandrake were quite different except that both had bright red or yellow fruit, the general population considered them one and the same, too terrible to touch.Cautious Europeans long ignored the tomato, and until the early 1700s most of the Western people continued to drag their fee

49、t. In the 1880s, the daughter of a well-known plant expert wrote that the most interesting part of an afternoon tea at her fathers house had been the “introduction of this wonderful new fruit or is it a vegetable?” As late as the twentieth century some writers still classed tomatoes with mandrakes a

50、s an “evil fruit”.But in the end tomatoes carried the day. The hero of the tomato was an American named Robert Johnson, and when he was publicly going to eat the tomato in 1820, people journeyed for hundreds of miles to watch him drop dead. “What are you afraid of?” he shouted. “Ill show you fools t

51、hat these things are good to eat!” Then he bit into the tomato. Some people fainted. But he survived and, according to a local story set up a tomato-canning factory.36. The tomato was shut out of the door of early Europeans mainly because _.A. it made Christians evilB. it was the apple of EdenC. it

52、came from a forbidden landD. it was religiously unacceptable37. What is the main reason for Robert Johnson to eat the tomato publicly?A. To make himself a hero.B. To remove peoples fear of the tomato.C. To speed up the popularity of the tomato.D. To persuade people to buy products from his factory.3

53、8. What is the main purpose of the passage?A. To challenge peoples fixed concepts of the tomato.B. To give an explanation to peoples dislike of the tomato.C. To present the change of peoples attitudes to the tomato.D. To show the process of freeing the tomato from religious influence.【3638题答案】【答案】36

54、. D 37. B 38. C【解析】【分析】这是一篇说明文。本文主要讲的是西红柿在刚开始进入西方社会的时候，被人们认为是禁果，不能食用。这样的情况持续了很久，后来在一些勇敢者尝试了以后，被人们所接受，人们对西红柿的态度发生了转变。【36题详解】推理判断题。根据文章第一段“For them, the forbidden fruit from Eden is evil. So when Columbus brought the tomato back from South America, a land mistakenly considered to be Eden, everyone jum

55、ped to the obvious conclusion. Wrongly taken as the apple of Eden, the tomato was shut out of the door of Europeans.(对他们来说，伊甸园里的禁果是邪恶的。因此，当哥伦布从被错误地认为是伊甸园的南美洲带回西红柿时，每个人都得出了显而易见的结论。西红柿被错误地视为伊甸园中的苹果，因此欧洲人把它拒之门外)”可知，在基督教里西红柿被当成了禁果，主要是因为宗教方面的原因，故选D项。【37题详解】推理判断题。根据文章最后三行“What are you afraid of?” he shout

56、ed. “Ill show you fools that these things are good to eat!” Then he bit into the tomato. Some people fainted. But he survived and, according to a local story set up a tomato-canning factory.(“你在害怕什么？”他喊道。“我要让你们这些傻瓜知道这些东西很好吃！”然后他咬了一口西红柿。有些人晕倒。但他活了下来，根据当地的一个故事，建立了一个番茄罐头工厂)”可知，罗伯特约翰逊当众吃西红柿是为了告诉人们西红柿可以吃

57、，是为了去除人们的偏见。故选B项。【38题详解】主旨大意题。根据第一段人们对西红柿的态度“Wrongly taken as the apple of Eden, the tomato was shut out of the door of Europeans.(西红柿被错误地视为伊甸园中的苹果，因此欧洲人把它拒之门外)”到最后一段“But in the end tomatoes carried the day.(但最后西红柿还是占上风)”以及文章大意可知，本文主要讲述的是人们对西红柿的态度的转变。故选C项。(B)Whats better than a video game that your

58、kids can play over and over again? A membership to one of the many exciting places in Seattle that your kids visit over and over again (for a year at least). Click to join us and read on for our top picks.Woodland Park ZooThe Park Zoo was the most highly sought after membership by families in the Se

59、attle area, and for good reason: theres something for everyone! In addition to the hundreds of animals found throughout the 92 acres, there are plenty of outdoor spaces to run around (including playgrounds).Tel: 206-5428-2500Online: zooorgAnnual Membership: $69/Flexible Guest Adult; $49/Named Adult;

60、 $19/Child; Under 2 FreePoint Defiance ZooPoint Defiance Zoo is the only combined zoo and aquarium in the Pacific Northwest spread out over 29 acres. Your kids will enjoy getting up close and personal to the live sharks, riding a camel and exploring the interactive Kids Zone.Tel: 253-591-5337Online:

61、 pdza.orgAnnual Membership: $124/Household; $105/Two adults; $24/ChildSeattle AquariumThe Aquarium is particularly great for any budding environmentalists in your family who want to learn more about conservation efforts that affect the waters in the Pacific Northwest.Tel: 206-386-4300Online: seattle

62、aquarium.orgAnnual Membership: $189/Family Plus (2 adults, 5 children, 1 guest); $149/Family (2 adults, 5 children)Museum of FlightThe Museum is the perfect indoor place to free your kids to dream big about the wide world. With all sorts of planes that you can see, touch and climb inside, this museu

63、m fulfills your flight dream.Tel: 206-764-5700Online: museumofflight.orgAnnual Membership: $100/Family; $75/Two Adults39. What do these places have in common?A. They are all in Seattle.B. Kids can see animals there.C. They all have outdoor activities.D. Members can get free admission.40. Which place

64、 is favored by aircraft lovers?A. Woodland Park Zoo.B. Point Defiance Zoo.C. Seattle Aquarium.D. Museum of Flight.41. How much does it cost for a family to visit Point Defiance Zoo?A. $117.B. $124.C. $129.D. $148.【3941题答案】【答案】39. A 40. D 41. B【解析】【分析】这是一篇应用文章，文章主要提供了一些适合西雅图地区家庭出行游玩场所。【39题详解】细节理解题。根据

65、文章第一段中“A membership to one of the many exciting places in Seattle that your kids visit over and over again (for a year at least).”可知，成为西雅图众多令人兴奋的地方之一的会员，你的孩子们会一遍又一遍地去那里玩。所以这些地方都在Seattle，故选A。【40题详解】细节理解题。根据文章最后一段中“With all sorts of planes that you can see, touch and climb inside, this museum fulfills

66、 your flight dream.”可知，在这个博物馆里，你可以看到、触摸和攀爬各种各样的飞机，它满足了你的飞行梦想。故飞机喜爱者可能会喜欢Museum of Flight 。故选D。【41题详解】细节理解题。根据第三段中“$124/Household”可知一家人的费用就是124美元。故选B。(C)In recent years, 3D printers have mostly been used to create small, specialized items. This includes parts for automobiles, airplanes and medical de

67、vices. Many consumer products can also be 3D printed as well, from clothes to foods. Now, an increasing number of startup companies are using 3D printing to build entire homes. Since the technology is still developing, not many have yet been built. However, the top companies plan to greatly increase

68、 production in the coming years.The startup company Icon, based in Austin, Texas, made news in 2018 by completing the first permitted 3D printed home in the U.S. At the time, it said the home had been built in just a day. Since then, the company says it has been developing new technologies in roboti

69、cs, software and manufacturing materials. It designed its own 3D printer and said the robot-powered machine could create structures up to 185 square meters. The printing process uses a cement-based mixture that Icon says is stronger and saves more money than traditional building materials.To date, I

70、con has completed 24 3D printed homes in the U.S. and Mexico. Among them was a community of 3D printed homes in a poor neighborhood in Mexico. The company has also completed a series of structures for homeless people in Austin. And it says it plans to open Americas first housing development of 3D pr

71、inted homes this summer.A New York company, SQ4D, also uses 3D printing technology to build homes. In February, the company showed off a 130-square-meter model home to demonstrate its printersabilities.SQ4D plans to sell its homes starting at $299,000. The company has even started listing the homes

72、on the Internet selling site Zillow. Kirk Andersen is SQ4Ds director of operations. He told Reuters the 3D printer will permit buyers to easily create their own home design, room by room.While 3D printing as a home building method is just getting started, Andersen said others in the construction ind

73、ustry need to get prepared for big changes. “This is the beginning. This is just scratching the surface,” he said.42. What can we learn about 3D printing technology from Paragraph 1?A. It needs to be perfected.B. It enjoys the highest status.C. It is being used for building homes.D. It helps produce

74、 some large and unique items.43. What feature do 3D printed homes have when compared with traditional building methods?A. Theyre more comfortable.B. Theyre more environment-friendly.C. Theyre more complex.D. Theyre less expensive.44. What is Andersens attitude to the future of 3D printing as a home

75、building way?A. Concerned.B. Favorable.C. Doubtful.D. Indifferent.45. What is the main idea of the text?A. The development of smart homes.B. The importance of 3D printers.C. 3D printing in building homes.D. Construction industrys future.【4245题答案】【答案】42. C 43. D 44. B 45. C【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了3D打印机

76、的用途，特别是在建设房屋方面的用途。【42题详解】细节理解题。根据第一段中“Now, an increasing number of startup companies are using 3D printing to build entire homes. (现在，越来越多的初创公司开始使用3D打印来建造完整的房屋)”可知，3D打印技术正用于房屋建设中。故选C。【43题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段中“The printing process uses a cement-based mixture that Icon says is stronger and saves more money

77、than traditional building materials.(印刷过程使用了一种以水泥为基础的混合物，Icon说这种混合物比传统建筑材料更坚固，也更省钱)”可知，与传统的建筑方法相比，3D打印的房屋能够省钱。故选D。【44题详解】推理判断题。根据最后一段“While 3 D printing as a home building method is just getting started, Andersen said others in the construction industry need to get prepared for big changes. “This is

78、 the beginning. This is just scratching the surface,” he said.(虽然3D打印作为一种房屋建造方法才刚刚起步，但Andersen表示，建筑行业的其他人需要为巨大的变化做好准备。“这只是个开始。 这只是冰山一角。”)”可推知，该项技术有很广阔的前景，因此他很支持这项技术。故选B。【45题详解】主旨大意题。根据第一段中“Now, an increasing number of startup companies are using 3D printing to build entire homes. Since the technolog

79、y is still developing, not many have yet been built. However, the top companies plan to greatly increase production in the coming years.(现在，越来越多的初创公司开始使用3D打印来建造完整的房屋。由于这项技术仍在发展中，还没有建造很多。然而，这些大公司计划在未来几年大幅增加产量)”结合本文主要讲述了3D打印机在房屋建设方面的作用。可知，文章的主旨是3D打印用于建造房屋。故选C。Section C （每题2分）Directions: Read the passa

80、ge carefully. Fill in each blank with a proper sentence given in the box. Each sentence can be used only once. Note that there are two more sentences than you need.In the 19th century, millions of Europeans went to the USA because they wanted to find a better life. Many of them couldnt find work in

81、cities like New York._46_The people, called settlers, traveled west through the mountains on the Oregon Trait.Some of these people hoped to find gold in California. The journey sometimes took more than one year.There are a lot of films, called Westerners, about the settlers on the trail. In most of

82、the film, we see the Native Americans (American Indians) attacking the settlers,and the “Indians killing many white people. But the truth is that the Native Americans were not the biggest problem for the settlers. In fact, most of them were very helpful to the settlers._47_ Many of them walked 3,200

83、 kilometers, the whole length of the trail.They had wagons, but the wagons were often too full,so people could not travel in them._48_The people were very poor and many did not even have shoes-they walked the whole trail barefoot, in extremely, cold temperature.More than 50,000 people, including man

84、y women and children, died on the trail. A lot of people died of illnesses like cholera, because the drinking water wasnt clean._49_Many people died under the wheels of wagons, or from accidental gunshots.A. It is true that the settlers journey was extremely difficult.B. Many parents also had to car

85、ry their small childrenC. Many of them lost their home.D. They hoped they could make more money.E. There were also a lot of accidents.F So they left and went to find farmland in the west.【4649题答案】【答案】46. F 47. A 48. B 49. E【解析】【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章叙述了19世纪欧洲人移民移居美国西部的艰辛的历程。【46题详解】根据前句“Many of them couldnt

86、find work in cities like New York.(他们中的许多人在纽约这样的城市找不到工作。)”可知，前后句为因果关系，因为在城市找不到工作，所以去西部。所以选择项F“So they left and went to find farmland in the west.(所以他们离开了，去西部寻找农田。)”符合上下文语境。故选F。【47题详解】根据后文“Many of them walked 3,200 kilometers, the whole length of the trail. They had wagons, but the wagons were often

87、too full, so people could not travel in them. (他们中的许多人走了3200公里，这是整个步道的长度。他们有马车，但马车往往装的太满，所以人们不能乘坐马车旅行。)”及本段内容可知，本段介绍移民的旅程很艰难。所以选择项A“It is true that the settlers journey was extremely difficult. (的确，移民的旅程极其艰难。)”符合上下文语境。故选A。【48题详解】根据前句“They had wagons, but the wagons were often too full, so people cou

88、ld not travel in them. (他们有马车，但马车往往装的太满，所以人们不能乘坐马车旅行。)”和后句“The people were very poor and many did not even have shoes-they walked the whole trail barefoot, in extremely, cold temperature.(那里的人很穷，很多人甚至连鞋都没有他们在极其寒冷的温度下赤脚走完了整条路。)”可知，这里继续在说明旅程的艰难。所以选择项B“Many parents also had to carry their small childre

89、n (许多父母还不得不带着他们年幼的孩子。)”符合上下文语境。故选B。【49题详解】根据后句“Many people died under the wheels of wagons, or from accidental gunshots. (许多人死于车轮下，或死于意外枪击。)”可知，本段介绍好多人死于意外事故。所以选择项E“There were also a lot of accidents. (也有很多事故。)”符合上下文语境。故选E。IV. Translation （17分）Directions: Translate the following sentences into Engli

90、sh, using the words given in the brackets.Translation：4+4+4+550. 使他感到欣慰的是考试延期了。（relief）（汉译英）【50题答案】【答案】To his relief, the examination was postponed.【解析】【详解】考查短语、时态和语态。to ones relief令某人欣慰的是。陈述过去事情，用一般过去时。主语the examination与postpone之间为被动关系，所以用被动语态。根据句意，故翻译为To his relief, the examination was postponed.5

91、1. 第一次出国，你可能会经历文化冲击。（experience）（汉译英）【51题答案】【答案】The first time you go abroad, you may experience culture shock.【解析】【详解】考查短语、时态和状语从句。The first time 第一次，为连词短语，引导时间状语从句。go abroad出国；culture shock文化冲击。陈述客观事实，用一般现在时。根据句意，故翻译为The first time you go abroad, you may experience culture shock.52. 即使面对负面评论，她依然执着

92、地追寻武术梦。（faced）（汉译英）【52题答案】【答案】Though she faced the negative comments, she was still obsessed with pursuing her martial arts dreams.【解析】【详解】考查短语、时态和状语从句。negative comment负面评论；be obsessed with痴迷于；pursue ones dream追寻某人的梦；martial arts武术。though 即使，尽管，后接让步状语从句。face面对，为及物动词。陈述过去事情，用一般过去时。根据句意，故翻译为Though she

93、 faced the negative comments, she was still obsessed with pursuing her martial arts dreams.53. 正因为他大学时上了书法课，他才设计出漂亮的字体。（It）（汉译英）【53题答案】【答案】It was because of the calligraphy classes he took in college that he designed his beautiful typefaces.【解析】【详解】考查时态、定语从句和强调句。because of 因为；take classes上课； in college 在大学。本句为强调句，强调句的结构为It is/was +强调部分+that从句。强调句中有一个定语从句，句中先行词为the calligraphy classes，在定语从句中作宾语，所以用关系代词which或that，也可以省略。陈述过去事情，用一般过去时。根据句意，故翻译为It was because of the calligraphy classes he took in college that he designed his beautiful typefaces.