专题03人工智能-备战2022年中考英语阅读理解热点话题特训.doc

1、 03 人工智能Passage1AI（人工智能）makes our lives easier and better. Lets see the amazing AI.Cool driverless busA bus door opens and you get on. Wait! Where is the driver? Here is a new kind of driverless bus called Apolong. It has 14 seats and doesnt need a driver. The bus follows traffic rules. It will stop

2、 as soon as it sees stop light.Your close friendHi, everyone. Im Xiaobing, a chatbot（聊天机器人）. I speak like a 17-year-old girl. If you feel lonely, you can talk with me. Im talented at singing, writing poems and telling stories. I want to be your friend!Worlds first Al anchor（主播）Hey, look! The famous

3、Chinese anchor Qiu Hao is reporting the news for us. But, is “he” really Qiu Hao? The answer is “no”. This is the worlds first AI anchor. It looks and speaks just like a real person. It can work 24 hours and doesnt make any mistakes. You might see it on TV soon.Popular AI artistThis beautiful painti

4、ng was at an auction（拍卖）in 2020. The painting is worth about 3,000,000 yuan! But it is not a work by a famous painter, such as Vincent van Gogh. It was painted by an AI artist. Three Frenchmen created the AI artist. It studied over 15,000 paintings. In this way, it learned to paint.1The fact about A

5、polong is that _.Athe bus door cant open itselfBit will stop as soon as it sees a stop lightCthere are 24 seats in itDit doesnt follow the traffic rules2Xiaobing can NOT _.Ago out to play with youBtalk with you if you feel lonelyCsingDbe your friend3The painting _.Awas at an auction in 2019Bis worth

6、 about 3,000,000 yuan at an auctionCis a work painted by Vincent van GoghDwas studied by three French artists over 15,000 times4Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage?AAI makes our lives harder and worse.BThis new kind of driverless bus also needs a driver to control it.CXiaobing is

7、 a 17-year-old girl.DThe AI anchor can work 24 hours and doesnt make any mistakes.5We can probably read the passage in _.Aa storybookBa noticeCa newspaperDa novelPassage2 For as long as humans have appeared, we have been the most intelligent species（种类）on Earth. Monkeys know how to use simple tools.

8、 Elephants can be taught how to count. But things like art, literature（文学）, the Internet, and space travel have only been made possible by the amazing intelligence of humans. And yet, there are some who believe that we can create machines that can think and feel just like we do. Artificial intellige

9、nce（人工智能）, or AI, is defined（定义为）by Merriam-Webster as “the capability of a machine to imitate intelligent human behavior”.AI is around us every day. From Apples voice-activated assistant Siri to the software algorithms（算法）that shipping companies use to deal with deliveries（投递）, AI is very much a pa

10、rt of our lives.But why do we put so much effort into creating machines that can think the way we do? For one thing, AI can make our lives much easier. Imagine being able to be in a car, tell it your destination, and sit back in comfort as the AI-guided self-driving car takes you there. Were already

11、 getting thereChangsha became the first city in China to roll out self-driving taxis in April 2020.However, there are risks. What if we somehow produced an artificial intelligence that was smarter than us? How would it behave toward us? These are the kinds of difficult questions that AI researchers

12、ask themselves all the time.Apart from the risks, it is already clear that AI is here to stay. Only time will tell if it will lead us into a new age of prosperity（繁荣）, or be our end.6The first paragraph is written to _.Aexplain how animals are intelligentBshow what fields AI can be used inCprove the

13、 possibility of space travelDexplain how intelligence makes humans special7Which of the following might not take advantage of AI?AVoice-activated assistants.BSoftware algorithms for deliveries.CMachines that produce goods.DSelf-driving taxis.8What is one of the risks about AI?AWe might not be able t

14、o live without it in the future.BWe cant say for sure how AI will behave toward us.CAI will never be as smart as humans.DIt is not easy to put AI into daily use.9What does the underlined word “destination” in Paragraph 4 refer to?AAn end point.BA name.CA wishDA feeling.10Whats the writers attitude t

15、owards AI?AIt will be good.BIt will be bad.CIts going to be part of our future.DIts risky and horrible.Passage3The AI (人工智能) has changed our lives. There are four useful AI inventions here. JiugeThe AI can remember 300,000 Chinese poems clearly. Whats more, it can write a poem in a very short time.

16、In a CCTV show, Jiuge beat three great poem fans from a famous college. ForpheusThe ping-pong robot can play in an easy way with a beginner and a difficult way with a better player. Whats more, it not only encourages players with words like “Good job!” but also gives some good advice to improve thei

17、r skills.Self-driving AIIt can drive the car more safely than humans. It doesnt drink wine and never feels tired. It can do what we humans do. For example, if a car with this AI has passed a bus, it will flash(闪) two white lights side to side to show thanks to the bus.Facial Recognition(人脸识别)It is u

18、sed a lot in the world, such as ACS. ACS wont let a stranger in without the house owners permission(允许). Paying by facial recognition is common now. The police in Hangzhou even caught a criminal(罪犯) at a concert with its help.11Why is Jiuge special?ABecause it can play the violin.BBecause its good a

19、t poems.CBecause it can drive cars safely.DBecause it was on CCTV.12What will Forpheus do while playing?AIt will guess what job the player is.BIt will be angry if the player is a beginner.CIt will say “What a shame!” to the player.DIt will change its way of playing according to different players.13W

20、hen does the Self-driving AI car flash two white lights side to side?AWhen the car has to stop.BWhen the car wants to slow down.CWhen the car is ready to speed up.DWhen it has passed other vehicles.14What does the underlined word “ACS” mean in Chinese?A电子商务B门禁控制C社会福利D公共卫生15Which is TRUE according to

21、 the passage?ANo one can beat Forpheus.BJiuge has written 300,000 poems.CFacial Recognition helped the police catch a criminal.DSelf-driving AI can make subway trains safer.Passage4Driverless cars are coming. Such cars will make getting from one place to another safer and less stressful. They also c

22、ould reduce pollution. But how should driverless cars deal with emergencies (紧急情况)? People disagree on the answer. And that might put the brakes (刹车)on this technology, a new study concludes. To understand the challenge, imagine a car that suddenly meets some walkers in the road. Even with braking,

23、its too late to avoid a crash. So the cars artificial intelligence (人工智能)must decide whether to swerve (急转弯). To save the walkers, should the car swerve off the road or swerve into busy traffic? What if such choices would likely kill the cars passengers?Researchers used online surveys to study peopl

24、es attitudes about such situations with driverless cars. People mostly agreed that driverless cars should be designed to protect the most people. But there is a problem. Those same surveyed people also want to protect passengers at all costseven if the walkers would now end up dying. “Driverless car

25、s can completely change transportation”, says Iyad Rahwan. But, he adds, this new technology creates a moral problem that could slow its acceptance. Makers of driverless cars are in a hard situation, Bonnefbns group warns. Most buyers would want their cars to be designed to protect themselves first.

26、 However, rules might one day instruct that cars must act for the greater good. That would mean saving the most people. But the scientists think rules like this could drive away buyers. The expert Kurt Gray thinks that even if all driverless cars are designed to protect their passengers in emergenci

27、es, traffic accidents will decrease. Those cars might be dangerous to walkers on rare occasions. But they wont speed, wont drive drunk while driving, which would be a win for society.16The underlined word “challenge” in Paragraph 2 refers to _.Apeoples negative attitudes towards driverless carsBhow

28、driverless cars reduce traffic accidentsCthe technical problems that driverless cars haveDhow driverless cars deal with emergencies17According to the text, online surveys show that _.Adriverless cars artificial intelligence needs improvementBthe busy traffic may be a problem for driverless carsCpeop

29、le have a moral problem about driverless carsDdriverless cars should be designed to protect drivers18What can we learn from Paragraph 5?ARules are in support of drivers.BMost people dislike driverless cars now.CDriverless car makers are in a hard situation.DThe benefits of driverless cars are introd

30、uced.19What is Kurt Grays attitude toward driverless cars?AFavorable.BDoubtful.CSurprised.DScared.Passage5 The development of artificial intelligence（AI，人工智能）is a hot topic these days. AI makes it possible for machines to learn from experience and perform human- like tasks. But what is the future of

31、 AI? Will it be a good thing? We asked four students what they think.I think AI will be more useful in our future lives. Its now used in many fields like phones and medicine. No one really knows what will happen if machines become smarter than humans. However, Im sure AI will help us solve many prob

32、lems. （Tina）I am worried that people create something that can be better than themselves. In the near future, AI will develop at a high speed. Humans may be replaced because AI robots will do lots of human jobs. （Bill）I really think that AI will change the way we work, the way we live, and the way w

33、e think. Imagine if we could put a CPU（中央处理器） into our brains! Soon well be able to improve our math and memory. How exciting! （Mary）Think of whats happening right now. Some robots are used to kill animals under human orders. So I think AI will be very dangerous for humans. We need to be careful abo

34、ut what we ask machines to do. （John）20Who believes AI will be more useful in our future lives?ABill.BMary.CTina.DJohn.21What does John think of AI?AExciting.BDangerous.CSmart.DHelpful.22Where does the text probably come from?AA business magazine.BA travel guide.CA geography magazine.DA science maga

35、zine.Passage6 In recent years, there have been many films about robots trying to take over the world. Studies show that up to 20 million factory jobs worldwide could be taken by robots in the next 10 years. Some people are worried about what might happen in the future. On 8th September, 2020, The Gu

36、ardian published (发表) an article written by a robot called GPT - 3. It wrote that “robot” comes from the Greek word for “slave” (奴隶) and humans have nothing to fear from robots, which are only here to help humans. However, the fact that a robot could write such an article has made some people feel e

37、ven more uneasy. Where is the robot technology heading? Can robots and humans work together?YES - theyre here to help humansRobots are created by humans for humans. Robots take on jobs that are too dangerous for people to do by themselves. Although robots might take some peoples jobs, they will crea

38、te new types of work, and they will possibly create more jobs than they take away. Besides, robots programming could actually make them more trustworthy than humans , because they are not influenced by feelings.NO humans should not trust robotsRobots are already taking over the world. Jobs that used

39、 to be done by human beings are now being taken by robots. Although robots are under our control now, that might not always be the case. An experiment in Switzerland found that some robots had learnt how to lie to each other. With the development of AI (人工智能), robots could start to act in their own

40、interests. Wherever possible, humans should do things themselves.Whats your opinion on this matter?23What language does the word “robot” come from?AGreekBEnglishCGermanDFrench24When learning that GPT - 3 could write an article, some people feel _ .AangryBexcitedCnervousDrelaxed25What advantage of ro

41、bots is mentioned in the text?AActing in their own interestsBDeveloping filming technologyCWorking with different feelingsDDoing unsafe work for humans26What can we learn from the text?AGPT - 3 will take over the worldBSome robots have learnt how to be lazyCRobots are still under the control of huma

42、ns nowD20 million people fear that they will lose their jobs27What would be the best title for the text?AWill Robots Become Creative?BShould Humans Trust Robots?CWill Robots Do Harm to Humans?DShould Humans Do Things Themselves?Passage7Now, AI（人工智能）is smart enough to check loneliness（孤独）in humans. A

43、 new study shows how AI can know the degrees of loneliness from a persons words. 80 people aged 66 to 94 took part in the study because they often felt lonely. They were asked 20 questions, such as “How often do you feel lonely?” and “How often do you get together with your friends?”The interesting

44、thing is that it uses dictionary-based methods. For example, it can look for words to show fears. It also gives answers by testing their words. If people felt lonelier, their answers about loneliness were longer. It can know the degrees of loneliness in each topic. It also shows differences between

45、men and women. If a man felt lonely, he used more words to show his fears. If a woman felt lonely, she expressed her lonely feelings directly.28Why did 80 old people take part in the study?AThey had no money.BThey often felt lonely.CThey had more time.29If people felt lonelier, their answers about l

46、oneliness were _.AlongerBshorterCnicer30Which column（栏目）of the newspaper does the passage come from?ATravel.BScience.CSports.31Whats the best title of this passage?AHelp OthersBChange the WorldCCheck Loneliness by AI Passage8Artificial intelligence（AI）（人工智能）is the ability of a computer program or a

47、machine. The computer or the machine with AI can think and learn. It is also a field of study that tries to make computers “smart”.John McCarthy,a scientist,came up with the name “artificial intelligence” over 60 years ago. Many things such as learning and problem solving can be done by computers,th

48、ough not in the same way as people do.An unusual goal of AI research is to create computer programs. They can learn,solve problems,and think logically（逻辑地）. At present,we use the term AI for successfully understanding human speech,recognizing（识别）human faces, operating self-driving cars and competing

49、 in some game systems like playing chess. However,some people also consider AI a danger to humans if it develops too quickly. Professor Stephen Hawking（霍金）,a famous British scientist was not for this kind of technology.Math is the basic language of AI. If students are good at math,they will be more

50、likely to become successful AI designers（设计者）in the future. We need not only bright students,but also average（普通的）students. As for（对于）average students,if they get enough math skills,they can also become successful AI designers. Besides,a good knowledge of computer science is also necessary for AI de

51、signing.Scientists hope to create creative and emotional （有感情的）AI. The AI can possibly understand human feelings or create art. Many ways and tools have been tried to discover this wide and exciting field.32From Paragraph 1,we know that _.Aall problems can be solved by computersBmachines with AI can

52、 think and learnCAI has been around for only 60 yearsDAI works in the same way as people33The underlined word “it” in Paragraph 2 refers to（指）_ in the passage.Athe dangerBchessCa scientistDAI34According to the passage and the following school report,_ will most probably become a successful AI design

53、er.School ReportSubject/NameMath(100)Art(100)Computer(100)Mike609595Peter956590Amy659095Cathy959560AMikeBPeterCAmyDCathy35Paragraph 4 mainly tells us the scientists _ about AI.AwishesBworriesCfeelingsDdiscoveries【答案】1B2A3B4D5C【详解】这是一篇说明文。文章通过介绍无人驾驶巴士、聊天机器人、第一个人工智能主播和人工智能艺术家，说明了人工智能使我们的生活更轻松、更好。1.细节理

54、解题。根据Cool driverless bus部分的最后一句“It will stops as soon as it sees stop light.”可知它一看到红灯就会停止。故选B。2.细节理解题。根据Your close friend部分的内容可知，B、C、D三项都有提及，唯独没有提到A项。故选A。3.细节理解题。根据Popular AI artist部分的前两句“This beautiful painting was at an auction in 2020. The painting is worth about 3,000,000 yuan!”可知这幅画价值约300万元。故选B

55、。4.细节理解题。根据Worlds first AI anchor部分“It can work 24 hours and doesnt make any mistakes.”可知它能工作24小时并且不犯错。故选D。5.推理判断题。本文主要介绍了四种人工智能技术的应用，推测可能在报纸上看到。故选C。6D7C8B9A10C【分析】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了AI科学技术带来的生活便利以及其潜在的风险。6段落大意题。根据“But things like art, literature（文学）, the Internet, and space travel have only been made po

56、ssible by the amazing intelligence of humans”可知，像艺术、文学、互联网和太空旅行这样的事情，只有靠人类惊人的智慧才能成为可能，因此第一段主要讲了智力如何使人类变得特别。故选D。7细节理解题。根据“ From Apples voice-activated assistant Siri to the software algorithms（算法）”和“as the AI-guided self-driving car takes you there”可知，自动驾驶、苹果的声控助手以及软件算法都利用了AI技术。 故选C。8细节理解题。根据“What if

57、 we somehow produced an artificial intelligence that was smarter than us? How would it behave toward us?”如果我们制造了一个比我们更聪明的人工智能呢？它会如何对待我们？可知，人工智能的风险之一是我们不能确定人工智能将如何对待我们。故选B。9词义猜测题。根据“sit back in comfort as the AI-guided self-driving car takes you there.”可知，你只要舒适地坐着，由人工智能引导的自动驾驶汽车会带你去那里，因此destination代指

58、“你要去的地方或者终点”。故选A。10观点态度题。根据“Apart from the risks, it is already clear that AI is here to stay. Only time will tell if it will lead us into a new age of prosperity（繁荣）, or be our end.”可知，除了风险之外，人工智能显然将继续存在下去。只有时间才能告诉我们，它会引领我们进入一个繁荣的新时代，还是我们的末日。这些说明了AI技术将会是我们未来生活的一部分。故选C。11B12D13D14B15C【分析】文章主要介绍了四个有用

59、的人工智能发明。11细节理解题。根据“The AI can remember 300,000 Chinese poems clearly. Whats more, it can write a poem in a very short time.”可知，因为它擅长诗歌的记忆和写作。故选B。12细节理解题。根据“The ping-pong robot can play in an easy way with a beginner and a difficult way with a better player.”可知，它会根据不同的玩家而改变游戏方式。故选D。13细节理解题。根据“For exa

60、mple, if a car with this AI has passed a bus, it will flash two white lights side to side to show thanks to the bus.”可知，当它超过其他车辆时会闪烁两个白灯，以示感谢，故选D。14词义猜测题。根据“ACS wont let a stranger in without the house owners permission.”可知，没有房主的许可，ACS不会让陌生人进来，说明这是管理人员出入的系统，所以ACS指的是“门禁控制”，故选B。15推理判断题。根据“The police i

61、n Hangzhou even caught a criminal at a concert with its help.”可知，面部识别技术帮助警方抓获了罪犯。故选C。16D17C18C19A【分析】本文介绍了无人驾驶汽车的优点和应对紧急情况面临的问题。无人驾驶汽车更安全，压力更小，还可以减少污染。无人驾驶汽车面对紧急情况面临的道德两难的问题，以及无人驾驶汽车制造商处境艰难。专家认为所有无人驾驶汽车的设计都是为了在紧急情况下保护乘客，交通事故也会减少。这些汽车在极少数情况下可能对步行者造成危险。但他们不会超速，不会酒后驾车，这将是社会的胜利。16细节理解题。根据上文（第一段四句）“But h

62、ow should driverless cars deal with emergencies?”和句中“imagine a car that suddenly meets some walkers in the road.”可知，第2段中下划线“challenge”一词指无人驾驶汽车如何应对紧急情况；故选D。17细节理解题。根据第三段“Those same surveyed people also want to protect passengers at all costseven if the walkers would now end up dying.”可知，网上调查表明，人们关注在

63、紧急情况时，对于无人驾驶汽车是先保护行人安全还是先保护乘客安全陷入了道德困境。故选C。18细节理解题。根据第五段第一句“Makers of driverless cars are in a hard situation”可知，无人驾驶汽车制造商处境艰难。故选C。19观点态度题。根据最后一段最后一句“But they wont speed, wont drive drunk while driving, which would be a win for society.”可知，Kurt Gray对无人驾驶汽车是支持的。故选A。20C21B22D【分析】这篇短文主要介绍了人工智能的发展，及其人工智

64、能的未来是什么样的和四个学生的一些想法。20细节理解题。根据文中“Tina I think AI will be more useful in our future lives.”可知，Tina相信人工智能在我们未来的生活中会更有用。故选C。21细节理解题。根据文中“Some robots are used to kill animals under human orders. So I think AI will be very dangerous for humans.”可知，约翰认为将来的人工智能是危险的。故选B。22推理判断题。通读整篇短文可知，这篇短文主要讲述了人工智能的发展，及四个

65、学生的观点，应该从一本科技杂志中看到。故选D。23A24C25D26C27B【分析】本文就机器人技术的发展方向以及机器人是否能和人类一起工作，人类是否应该信任机器人等问题发表了不同的观点。23细节理解题。根据“It wrote that “robot” comes from the Greek word for “slave”可知，机器人这个词来自于希腊语，故选A。24细节理解题。根据“However, the fact that a robot could write such an article has made some people feel even more uneasy”可知，

66、机器人能写这样一篇文章的事实让一些人感到更加不安，故选C。25细节理解题。根据“Robots take on jobs that are too dangerous for people to do by themselves”可知，机器人的优点是可以为人类做一些危险的工作，故选D。26细节理解题。根据“Although robots are under our control now”可知，机器人现在还在我们的控制之下，故选C。27最佳标题。根据“Besides, robots programming could actually make them more trustworthy tha

67、n humans”及“humans should not trust robots”可知，本文主要围绕“人类是否可以信任机器人”等方面发表了不同的观点，故选B。28B29A30B31C【分析】本文是一篇说明文，本文主要介绍通过人工智能来测试人类孤独的程度的相关情况。28细节理解题。根据“80 people aged 66 to 94 took part in the study because they often felt lonely”可知，因为他们经常感到孤单，故选B。29细节理解题。根据“If people felt lonelier, their answers about lone

68、liness were longer”可知，如果人们感到更孤独，他们对孤独的回答会更长，故选A。30推理判断题。通读全文可知，本文主要介绍通过人工智能来测试人类孤独的程度的相关情况，这属于科学范畴，故选B。31最佳标题。根据“Now, AI（人工智能）is smart enough to check loneliness（孤独）in humans”可知，本文围绕“通过人工智能来测试孤独”这件事情来介绍，故选C。32B33D34B35A【分析】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了人工智能的发展、最新的成果以及成为AI设计师必备的技能和科学家对人工智能的愿景。32细节理解题。根据第一段“Artificia

69、l intelligence（AI）（人工智能）is the ability of a computer program or a machine. The computer or the machine with AI can think and learn. ”可知，有人工智能的机器可以思考和学习。故选B。33词义猜测题题。根据第二段“Some people also consider AI a danger to humans if it develops too quickly.”可知，有些人认为，如果AI发展得太快，对人类是危险的，故划线部分it指代的是前文中提到的“AI”。故选D。

70、34细节理解题。根据第三段“Math is the basis language of AIBesides, a good knowledge of computer science is also necessary for AI designing.”可知，成为一名成功的AI设计师不仅需要数学技能，还需要良好的计算机科学知识。由表格可知，四名学生中彼得的数学和计算机得分都较高，故彼得最可能成为一名成功的AI设计师。故选B。35推理判断题。根据最后一段“Scientists hope to create creative and emotional AI”可知，科学家们希望创造出具有创造性和情感的人工智能，故最后一段介绍了科学家对人工智能的愿望。故选A。14原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！