2020_2021学年新教材高中英语Unit1LookingforwardsStartingout.doc

1、Unit 1 Looking forwardsStarting out & Understanding ideas. 单句语法填空1. Political and personal ambitions(ambition)are starting to prevail over economic interests. 2. Trainees(trainee)go through a four-hour lesson before they are let loose on the controls. 3. The New York Times has correspondents (corres

2、pondent) in France, Germany, and other countries. 4. Bullfighting (bullfight)is part of Spanish culture and history. 5. He is writing a historical (history)novel about nineteenth-century France. 6. Detectives (detective)are appealing for witnesses who may have seen anything suspicious. 7. Ultimately

3、(ultimate), we can change the shape of peoples lives. 8. The jet planes flew over the sky and soon became little dots (dot)in the distance. . 选词填空take action; fall into; kill off; by contrast; devote oneself to; give up 1. This spray will kill off any pests or insects. 2. Fortunately, the company sa

4、w the writing on the wall early and took action to avoid losing money. 3. The child fell into the lake and had to be pulled out. 4. Toms marks by contrast with Harrys marks were excellent. 5. If everyone gave up smoking and drinking, it would bring about the breakdown of tobacco and liquor industrie

5、s. 6. He devoted himself to teaching in the mountain village. . 完成句子1. Is your sister older or younger than you? 你的姐妹比你大还是小? (并列连词or)2. I will just say whatever comes into my mind. 我只是想到什么就说什么。(whatever引导宾语从句)3. Climbing mountains is really fun. 爬山真是有趣。(动名词作主语)4. The suggestion that the new rule be

6、adopted came from the chairman. 采纳新规则的建议是主席提出的。(同位语从句)5. He had to put off his trip to Japan for two weeks. 他只好把去日本的行期推迟两周。(put off短语). 阅读理解A(2021哈尔滨高二检测)Ernest Miller Hemingway was an American author and journalist. His unique writing style greatly influenced 20th-century fiction, as did his life o

7、f adventure and public image. He won the Nobel Prize in Literature in 1954. Many of his works are classics of American literature. He published seven novels, six short story collections, and two non-fiction works during his lifetime; a further three novels, four collections of short stories, and thr

8、ee non-fiction works were published posthumously. Hemingway was born and raised in Oak Park, Illinois. After leaving high school he worked for a few months as a reporter for The Kansas City Star, before leaving for the Italian front to become an ambulance driver during World War , which became the b

9、asis for his novel A Farewell to Arms. In 1922 Hemingway married Hadley Richardson, the first of his four wives, and the couple moved to Paris, where he worked as a foreign correspondent. During his time there he met and was influenced by modernist writers and artists of the 1920s expatriate(侨居海外的)c

10、ommunity known as the “Lost Generation”. His first novel, The Sun Also Rises, was published in 1926. After divorcing Hadley Richardson in 1927, Hemingway married Pauline Pfeiffer: they divorced following Hemingways return from covering the Spanish Civil War, after which he wrote For Whom the Bell To

11、lls. Martha Gellhorn became his third wife in 1940, but he left her for Mary Welsh after World War . Shortly after the publication of The Old Man and the Sea in 1952, Hemingway went on safari to Africa, where he was almost killed in a plane crash that left him in pain or ill-health for much of the r

12、est of his life. Hemingway had permanent residences in Key West, Florida, and Cuba during the 1930s and 1940s, but in 1959 he moved from Cuba to Ketchum, Idaho, where he committed suicide in the summer of 1961. 【文章大意】文章介绍了一位兴趣广泛且精力充沛的作者海明威, 他一生中写了很多名著, 他的冒险生活和公共形象也对后代有很大影响。1. Hemingways unique writi

13、ng style has the most influence on_. A. his life of adventureB. his public imageC. 20th-century fictionD. American lifestyle【解析】选C。细节理解题。由His unique writing style greatly influenced 20th-century fiction可知海明威独特的写作风格对20世纪的小说影响最大, 选C。2. The underlined word “posthumously” in the first paragraph is the c

14、losest in meaning to_. A. during ones lifeB. after ones deathC. during ones absenceD. at ones presence【解析】选B。词义猜测题。和He published seven novels, six short story collections, and two non-fiction works during his lifetime中的during his lifetime作对比, 可知“posthumously”意思是“在某人死后”, 选B。3. The novel A Farewell to

15、 Arms is set in _. A. Oak Park, IllinoisB. his high schoolC. The Kansas City StarD. the Italian front【解析】选D。细节理解题。由before leaving for the Italian front to become an ambulance driver during World War , which became the basis for his novel A Farewell to Arms. 可知小说A Farewell to Arms是以意大利前线为背景, 所以选D。4.

16、How are Hemingways novels introduced to readers in the text? A. By popularity. B. By time. C. By importance. D. By subject. 【解析】选B。细节理解题。由After leaving high school he worked for a few months as a reporter for The Kansas City Star, before leaving for the Italian front to become an ambulance driver du

17、ring World War , which became the basis for his novel A Farewell to Arms. 和His first novel, The Sun Also Rises, was published in 1926. 和Shortly after the publication of The Old Man and the Sea in 1952可知本文通过时间顺序, 把海明威的小说介绍给读者, 选B。【方法技巧】直接信息题, 对于此类题型, 考生可以首先从问题中找到关键词, 然后以此为线索, 运用略读及查阅的技巧在文中迅速寻找这一细节, 找

18、到后再把这一部分内容仔细阅读一遍, 仔细比较所给选项与文中细节的细微区别, 在准确理解细节的前提下, 最后确定最佳答案。例如: 小题1为细节理解题。由His unique writing style greatly influenced 20th-century fiction可知海明威独特的写作风格对20世纪的小说影响最大, 选C。B(2021西安高二检测) Peter and Cheryl Pitzer met in 1999. After training together, they fell in love and finally married in 2011. The Pitze

19、rs have been using their professional aviation skills to help people around the world regain sight. They are both volunteers for Orbis, a non-profit organization that turns airplanes into teaching hospitals and brings eye care and ophthalmology (眼科学)training to places around the world. The organizat

20、ions Flying Eye Hospital that the Pitzers fly together is an ophthalmic teaching hospital on board an MD-10 aircraft. The Pitzers flew their first flight together with Orbis in November, a journey that took them from Dubai to Saudi Arabia and finally to Ghana, a country in West Africa. The couple st

21、ayed an extra week after landing the plane in order to be on the ground to help other Orbis volunteers treat people in need, and to train medical staff in the community. “There was a woman named Mary. When we met her on Monday she was almost completely blind and when we left she could see, ” recalle

22、d Peter. “They also did surgeries in the local hospitals with the local doctors and their equipment, and they provide continuing education afterwards, ” Cheryl said of the teams work in Ghana. “The idea is to leave the knowledge behind so that people will have access to proper eye care after the pla

23、ne is gone. ”The couple say they are grateful to share an occupation that they loveone they can do together and that allows them to give back. “Its awesome to see so many people in poverty regain sight. Our work is worth it, ” said Peter. “Cheryl and I have a great personal and working relationship.

24、 Its just an interesting and incredible way to give back. ”Cheryl noted the intense (紧张的)planning and coordination it takes to fly a major plane carrying a teaching hospital to remote locations. She said she and her husband have an advantage with that complex task because they “understand each other

25、. ”【文章大意】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了飞行员Peter和Cheryl Pitzer夫妇为一家名为Orbis的非营利组织服务, 这是一个把飞机变成教学医院, 把眼科护理和培训带到世界各地的组织。文章介绍了他们与Orbis首次同机飞行时的情况, 以及他们对这份工作的看法。5. What are Peter and Cheryl Pitzer by trade? A. They are doctors. B. They are pilots. C. They are physicians. D. They are teachers. 【解析】选B。细节理解题。根据第一段中The Pitzers

26、 have been using their professional aviation skills to help people around the world regain sight. 可知, Pitzers夫妇一直在用他们的专业航空技能帮助世界各地的人们重见光明。由此可知, Peter和Cheryl Pitzer的职业是飞行员。故选B。6. What do we know about Flying Eye Hospital? A. It is a mobile teaching hospital. B. It is a modern general hospital. C. It

27、is a private hospital in Dubai. D. It is a famous hospital in Africa. 【解析】选A。推理判断题。根据第一段中The organizations Flying Eye Hospital that the Pitzers fly together is an ophthalmic teaching hospital on board an MD-10 aircraft. 可知, Pitzers夫妇一同飞的该组织的飞行眼科医院是一架MD-10飞机上的眼科教学医院。由此可推知, 飞行眼科医院在一架飞机上面, 因此是一所流动教学医院。

28、故选A。7. Flying Eye Hospital is intended for_. A. the wealthyB. the poorC. the disabledD. the wounded【解析】选B。推理判断题。根据第一段倒数第二句可知, 他们都是Orbis的志愿者, Orbis是一个非营利组织, 把飞机变成教学医院, 把眼科护理和培训带到世界各地。以及倒数第二段中“Its awesome to see so many people in poverty regain sight. Our work is worth it, ” said Peter. “看到这么多贫困人口重见光明

29、, 真是太棒了。我们的工作是值得的, ” Peter说。由此可推知, 飞行眼科医院是为穷人设立的。故选B。8. What does Peter think of his volunteer work? A. It is tiring. B. It is boring. C. It is rewarding. D. It is upsetting. 【解析】选C。推理判断题。根据倒数第二段中“Its awesome to see so many people in poverty regain sight. Our work is worth it, ” said Peter. 可知“看到这么多

30、贫困人口重见光明, 真是太棒了。我们的工作是值得的, ” Peter说。由此可推知, Peter觉得他的志愿工作很值得的。故选C。. 阅读填句(2021太原高二检测)Many people think only professionalsengineers, accountants, teachers, etc. have careers. 1 Even if youve never had a paid job, you still have a career. Your career is the sum of your life and work. It includes all you

31、r activities and experiences. Your schooling, your volunteer work, and even your relationships with your family are all big parts of your career. 2During your career, you will have a variety of jobs, occupations and roles. People used to think of a job as full-time, permanent, paid work done for an

32、employer at a work site. But in our changing world, a job is a set of duties or tasks. It can be paid or unpaid. 3 Even someone who is self-employed has a job. An occupation is a group of jobs with similar responsibilities that require a common set of skills. 4 Programmers may have permanent or temp

33、orary jobs working for specific employers, be self-employed, work full-time or part-time, be paid for their work or volunteer their services. They may change jobs or hold several jobs at one time, but until they change the type of duties or tasks they perform, they are still computer programmers. 5

34、We all play a number of roles in our lives and our roles often change over time. For example, Kris works four days a week as a receptionist in a clinic and takes evening courses in social work. She also sews gymnastic wear for her neighbor who sells it at summer markets. Now Kris has at least three

35、roles. A. A role is a part you play. B. Actually everyone has a career. C. In other words, your career is your life story. D. For example, computer programmer is an occupation. E. As a matter of fact, a job is different from a role in some way. F. It can be completed at a work site, at home, or some

36、where else. G. The following is about your work, your family, and your life story. 【文章大意】本文是一篇议论文。文章主要讨论了我们每个人都有一份职业, 其实我们的职业就是我们的生活和工作的总和。1. 【解析】选B。根据后句Even if youve never had a paid job, you still have a career. 可知, 事实上, 每个人都有一份职业。故选B。2. 【解析】选C。根据前句Your schooling, your volunteer work, and even you

37、r relationships with your family are all big parts of your career. 可知, 所有的一切都是你的职业。故选C。3. 【解析】选F。根据前句But in our changing world, a job is a set of duties or tasks. It can be paid or unpaid. 和后句Even someone who is self-employed has a job. 可知, 它可以在工作地点、家里或其他地方完成。故选F。4. 【解析】选D。根据前句An occupation is a gro

38、up of jobs with similar responsibilities that require a common set of skills. 和后句Programmers may have permanent or temporary jobs working for specific employers, be self-employed, work full-time or part-time, be paid for their work or volunteer their services. 可知, 计算机程序员是一份职业。故选D。5. 【解析】选A。根据后句We al

39、l play a number of roles in our lives and our roles often change over time. 可知, 我们在生活中都扮演着许多角色, 并且我们的角色随着时间而改变。故选A。完形填空(2021福州高二检测)Why do so few people find fulfillment in their work? Amy Wrzesniewski, a Yale School of Management professor who studies these issues, offered an explanation that made a

40、 lot of 1. “Students”, she said, “think their calling is under a rock, and if they 2 enough rocks, they will find it. ”Surveys confirm that meaning is the top thing Millennials (千禧一代)say they want from a job. And yet her research shows that less than 50% of people see their work as a calling. So, ma

41、ny of her students are feeling anxious, 3, and completely unsatisfied by the good jobs and careers they do secure. What theyand many of us, I thinkfail to realize is that work can be 4 even if you dont think of it as a calling. The four most common occupations in America are retail (零售)salesperson,

42、cashier, food preparer/server, and office clerkjobs that arent typically 5 “meaning”. But all have something in common with those professions that are, such as teachers and doctors: They exist to help others. And as Adam Grant, a professor at the University of Pennsylvania, has shown, people who see

43、 their work as a form of 6 always rank their jobs as more meaningful. That means you can find meaning in nearly any role in nearly any organization. 7, most companies create products or services to fill a need in the world, and all employees contribute in their own ways. The key is to become more co

44、nscious about the service youre providing 8 and personally. How? One strategy is to constantly remind yourself of your organizations main 9. Life Is Good is a clothing company best known for colorful T-shirts with stick-figure designs, but its mission is to spread 10 and hope throughout the world, a

45、nd thats something even storeroom employees understand. If you work for an accounting firm, youre helping people or companies with the 11 task of doing their taxes. Each job serves a purpose in the world. Even if you cant get excited about your companys mission or customers, you can still adopt a se

46、rvice attitude by thinking about how your work 12 those you love. Consider a study of women working in a shoe factory in Mexico. Researchers found that those who described the work as dull were generally less productive than those who said it was 13. But the effects went away for those in the former

47、 group who saw the work (however boring)as a way to support their families. With that attitude, they were just as productive and 14 as the workers who didnt mind the task. Not everyone finds their one true calling. But that doesnt mean were fated to work meaningless jobs. If we 15 our tasks as oppor

48、tunities to help others, any occupation can feel more significant. 【文章大意】这是一篇说明文。文章通过对为什么很少有人能在工作中找到成就感进行研究, 分析了其原因以及提出了具体怎么做的建议。研究人员发现, 这主要是因为我们中的许多人都没有意识到工作可以是有意义的, 我们可以在几乎任何工作的任何角色中找到工作的意义。1. A. progressB. troubleC. senseD. difference【解析】选C。句意: 耶鲁大学管理学院研究这些问题的教授Amy Wrzesniewski给出了一个有道理的解释。 progre

49、ss进步, 发展; trouble麻烦, 烦恼, 故障; sense道理, 感觉, 观念; difference差异, 不同。短语make sense讲得通, 有道理。根据offered an explanation可知此处表示有道理的解释。故选C。2. A. carve outB. turn overC. pile upD. keep off【解析】选B。句意: 她说, “学生们认为他们对工作的成就感还没有被挖掘出来, 如果被挖掘出来, 就能能找到工作的成就感。” carve out开拓; turn over把翻过来, 翻阅, 移交给; pile up堆积, 积累; keep off让开,

50、不接近。根据they will find it可知此处表示要把那些岩石翻开。故选B。3. A. frustratedB. shockedC. inspiredD. excited【解析】选A。句意: 因此, 她的许多学生感到焦虑、沮丧, 对他们所拥有的好工作和职业完全不满意。 frustrated懊恼的, 沮丧的; shocked震惊的; inspired受鼓舞的, 品质优秀的; excited激动的。根据feeling anxious和and completely unsatisfied可知此处用沮丧的符合题意。故选A。4. A. meaningfulB. demandingC. repet

51、itiveD. challenging【解析】选A。句意: 我认为, 他们和我们中的许多人没有意识到, 即使你认为工作是没有成就感的, 它也可能是有意义的。 meaningful有意义的; demanding要求高的, 费力的; repetitive重复的; challenging挑战的。根据fail to realize可知此处表示工作可以是有意义的。故选A。5. A. distinguished fromB. exposed toC. associated withD. defined as【解析】选C。句意: 在美国, 最常见的四种职业是零售销售、收银员、食品加工者/服务员以及办公室文员

52、, 这些工作与“意义”无关。 distinguished from区别于; exposed to暴露于; associated with与相联系, 与有关; defined as界定, 给下定义。根据jobs that arent typically可知此处表示这些工作与“意义”无关。故选C。6. A. understandingB. existingC. producingD. giving【解析】选D。句意: 正如宾夕法尼亚大学教授Adam Grant所表明的, 那些把工作视为奉献的人, 总是认为自己的工作更有意义。 understanding理解; existing存在; produci

53、ng生产; giving给予, 付出, 奉献。根据They exist to help others可知此处表示那些把工作视为奉献的人, 总是认为自己的工作更有意义。故选D。7. A. In conclusionB. After allC. By comparisonD. In addition【解析】选B。句意: 毕竟, 大多数公司创造产品或服务来满足世界的需求, 所有员工都以自己的方式做出贡献。 In conclusion总之, 最后; After all毕竟, 终究; By comparison相比之下; In addition另外, 此外。根据上文That means you can

54、find meaning in nearly any role in nearly any organization. 可知此处表示毕竟之意。故选B。8. A. as a wholeB. in this wayC. in publicD. on average【解析】选A。句意: 关键是要更加意识到你所提供的服务既是整体的又是个人的。 as a whole总的来说; in this way用这种方法; in public公开地, 当众; on average平均, 通常。根据and personally可知此处表示既是整体的又是个人的。故选A。9. A. advantageB. busines

55、sC. objectiveD. construction【解析】选C。句意: 有一种策略是不断提醒自己公司的主要目标。 advantage优势, 利益; business生意, 商业; objective 目的, 目标; construction建设。根据but its mission is to spread可知此处表示不断提醒自己公司的主要目标。故选C。10. A. optimismB. informationC. designsD. strategies【解析】选A。句意: Life Is Good是一家服装公司, 最出名的是色彩鲜艳的T恤和线条设计, 但它的使命是向全世界传播乐观和希望

56、, 那是连储藏室的员工都能理解的。 optimism乐观, 乐观主义; information知识, 信息; designs设计; strategies战略, 策略。根据and hope throughout the world可知此处表示它的使命是向全世界传播乐观和希望。故选A。11. A. unpleasantB. dangerousC. productiveD. urgent【解析】选A。句意: 如果你在一家会计公司工作, 你就是在帮助人们或公司完成一项不愉快的税务工作。 unpleasant使人不愉快的, 讨厌的; dangerous危险的; productive生产的, 多产的; u

57、rgent紧急的, 急迫的。根据doing their taxes可知对人们或者公司而言, 税务工作是不愉快的。故选A。12. A. gathersB. benefitsC. worriesD. entertains【解析】选B。句意: 即使你不能对公司的使命或客户感到兴奋, 你仍然可以通过思考你的工作如何让你所爱的人受益来采取一种服务态度。 gathers收集, 集聚; benefits有益于; worries担忧; entertains招待, 娱乐。根据those you love可知此处表示思考你的工作如何让你所爱的人受益。故选B。13. A. embarrassingB. reward

58、ingC. roughD. temporary【解析】选B。句意: 研究人员发现, 那些描述工作枯燥的人通常比那些说工作有益的人效率更低。 embarrassing令人尴尬的; rewarding有益的, 值得的; rough粗糙的, 艰苦的; temporary暂时的, 临时的。根据than可知此处表示两种态度的对比, 由those who described the work as dull were generally less productive可知此处表示那些认为工作有益的人。故选B。14. A. relaxedB. surprisedC. confusedD. energized

59、【解析】选D。句意: 有了这种态度, 他们就像那些不介意任务的员工一样富有成效和精力充沛。 relaxed放松的, 自在的; surprised感到惊讶的; confused困惑的; energized有活力的。根据they were just as productive可知此处用有活力的符合题意。故选D。15. A. assignB. abandonC. neglectD. reframe【解析】选D。句意: 如果我们把自己的任务重新定义为帮助他人的机会, 那么任何职业都会让人感觉更有意义。 assign分配, 指派; abandon遗弃, 离开; neglect忽略, 忽视; reframe全新地拟定(或表达), 再构造。根据any occupation can feel more significant可知此处表示把自己的任务重新定义。故选D。